Sync to upstream/release/647 (#1469)

# General Updates
Fix an old solver crash that occurs in the presence of cyclic
`requires()`

## New Solver
- Improvements to Luau user-defined type function library
- Avoid asserting on unexpected metatable types
- Properties in user defined type functions should have a consistent
iteration order - in this case it is insertion ordering

# Runtime
- Track VM allocations for telemetry

---
Co-authored-by: Aaron Weiss <aaronweiss@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: Andy Friesen <afriesen@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: Hunter Goldstein <hgoldstein@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: James McNellis <jmcnellis@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: Varun Saini <vsaini@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: Vighnesh Vijay <vvijay@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: Vyacheslav Egorov <vegorov@roblox.com>

---------

Co-authored-by: Aaron Weiss <aaronweiss@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: Alexander McCord <amccord@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: Andy Friesen <afriesen@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: Aviral Goel <agoel@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: David Cope <dcope@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: Lily Brown <lbrown@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: Vyacheslav Egorov <vegorov@roblox.com>
Co-authored-by: Junseo Yoo <jyoo@roblox.com>

Analysis/include/Luau/TypeFunctionRuntime.h

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 #include <optional>
 #include <string>
-#include <unordered_map>
+#include <map>
 #include <vector>
 
 using lua_State = struct lua_State;
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ struct TypeFunctionProperty
 struct TypeFunctionTableType
 {
     using Name = std::string;
-    using Props = std::unordered_map<Name, TypeFunctionProperty>;
+    using Props = std::map<Name, TypeFunctionProperty>;
 
     Props props;
 
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ struct TypeFunctionTableType
 struct TypeFunctionClassType
 {
     using Name = std::string;
-    using Props = std::unordered_map<Name, TypeFunctionProperty>;
+    using Props = std::map<Name, TypeFunctionProperty>;
 
     Props props;
 
@@ -260,6 +260,7 @@ bool isTypeUserData(lua_State* L, int idx);
 TypeFunctionTypeId getTypeUserData(lua_State* L, int idx);
 std::optional<TypeFunctionTypeId> optionalTypeUserData(lua_State* L, int idx);
 
+void registerTypesLibrary(lua_State* L);
 void registerTypeUserData(lua_State* L);
 
 void setTypeFunctionEnvironment(lua_State* L);

Analysis/src/BuiltinDefinitions.cpp

@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@
  */
 
 LUAU_FASTFLAG(LuauSolverV2);
-LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(LuauDCRMagicFunctionTypeChecker, false);
 
 namespace Luau
 {
@@ -931,8 +930,7 @@ TypeId makeStringMetatable(NotNull<BuiltinTypes> builtinTypes)
     formatFTV.isCheckedFunction = true;
     const TypeId formatFn = arena->addType(formatFTV);
     attachDcrMagicFunction(formatFn, dcrMagicFunctionFormat);
-    if (FFlag::LuauDCRMagicFunctionTypeChecker)
+    attachDcrMagicFunctionTypeCheck(formatFn, dcrMagicFunctionTypeCheckFormat);
-        attachDcrMagicFunctionTypeCheck(formatFn, dcrMagicFunctionTypeCheckFormat);
 
 
     const TypeId stringToStringType = makeFunction(*arena, std::nullopt, {}, {}, {stringType}, {}, {stringType}, /* checked */ true);

Analysis/src/ConstraintSolver.cpp

@@ -31,10 +31,7 @@ LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(DebugLuauLogSolver, false)
 LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(DebugLuauLogSolverIncludeDependencies, false)
 LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(DebugLuauLogBindings, false)
 LUAU_FASTINTVARIABLE(LuauSolverRecursionLimit, 500)
-
+LUAU_DYNAMIC_FASTINT(LuauTypeSolverRelease)
-// The default value here is 643 because the first release in which this was implemented is 644,
-// and actively we want new changes to be off by default until they're enabled consciously.
-LUAU_DYNAMIC_FASTINTVARIABLE(LuauTypeSolverRelease, 643)
 
 namespace Luau
 {

Analysis/src/Differ.cpp

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 
 namespace Luau
 {
+
 std::string DiffPathNode::toString() const
 {
     switch (kind)
@@ -944,12 +945,14 @@ std::vector<std::pair<TypeId, TypeId>>::const_reverse_iterator DifferEnvironment
     return visitingStack.crend();
 }
 
+
 DifferResult diff(TypeId ty1, TypeId ty2)
 {
     DifferEnvironment differEnv{ty1, ty2, std::nullopt, std::nullopt};
     return diffUsingEnv(differEnv, ty1, ty2);
 }
 
+
 DifferResult diffWithSymbols(TypeId ty1, TypeId ty2, std::optional<std::string> symbol1, std::optional<std::string> symbol2)
 {
     DifferEnvironment differEnv{ty1, ty2, symbol1, symbol2};

Analysis/src/Frontend.cpp

@@ -44,9 +44,9 @@ LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(DebugLuauLogSolverToJsonFile, false)
 LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(DebugLuauForbidInternalTypes, false)
 LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(DebugLuauForceStrictMode, false)
 LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(DebugLuauForceNonStrictMode, false)
-LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(LuauSourceModuleUpdatedWithSelectedMode, false)
 LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(LuauUserDefinedTypeFunctionNoEvaluation, false)
 LUAU_DYNAMIC_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(LuauRunCustomModuleChecks, false)
+LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(LuauMoreThoroughCycleDetection, false)
 
 LUAU_FASTFLAG(StudioReportLuauAny2)
 
@@ -883,14 +883,18 @@ void Frontend::addBuildQueueItems(
         data.environmentScope = getModuleEnvironment(*sourceModule, data.config, frontendOptions.forAutocomplete);
         data.recordJsonLog = FFlag::DebugLuauLogSolverToJson;
 
-        Mode mode = sourceModule->mode.value_or(data.config.mode);
+        const Mode mode = sourceModule->mode.value_or(data.config.mode);
 
-        // in NoCheck mode we only need to compute the value of .cyclic for typeck
         // in the future we could replace toposort with an algorithm that can flag cyclic nodes by itself
         // however, for now getRequireCycles isn't expensive in practice on the cases we care about, and long term
         // all correct programs must be acyclic so this code triggers rarely
         if (cycleDetected)
-            data.requireCycles = getRequireCycles(fileResolver, sourceNodes, sourceNode.get(), mode == Mode::NoCheck);
+        {
+            if (FFlag::LuauMoreThoroughCycleDetection)
+                data.requireCycles = getRequireCycles(fileResolver, sourceNodes, sourceNode.get(), false);
+            else
+                data.requireCycles = getRequireCycles(fileResolver, sourceNodes, sourceNode.get(), mode == Mode::NoCheck);
+        }
 
         data.options = frontendOptions;
 
@@ -922,8 +926,7 @@ void Frontend::checkBuildQueueItem(BuildQueueItem& item)
     else
         mode = sourceModule.mode.value_or(config.mode);
 
-    if (FFlag::LuauSourceModuleUpdatedWithSelectedMode)
+    item.sourceModule->mode = {mode};
-        item.sourceModule->mode = {mode};
     ScopePtr environmentScope = item.environmentScope;
     double timestamp = getTimestamp();
     const std::vector<RequireCycle>& requireCycles = item.requireCycles;

Analysis/src/Normalize.cpp

@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 #include "Luau/Unifier.h"
 
 LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(DebugLuauCheckNormalizeInvariant, false)
-LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(LuauFixReduceStackPressure, false);
-LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(LuauFixCyclicTablesBlowingStack, false);
 
 LUAU_FASTINTVARIABLE(LuauNormalizeCacheLimit, 100000);
 LUAU_FASTFLAG(LuauSolverV2);
@@ -25,16 +23,6 @@ LUAU_FASTFLAG(LuauSolverV2);
 LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(LuauUseNormalizeIntersectionLimit, false)
 LUAU_FASTINTVARIABLE(LuauNormalizeIntersectionLimit, 200)
 
-static bool fixReduceStackPressure()
-{
-    return FFlag::LuauFixReduceStackPressure || FFlag::LuauSolverV2;
-}
-
-static bool fixCyclicTablesBlowingStack()
-{
-    return FFlag::LuauFixCyclicTablesBlowingStack || FFlag::LuauSolverV2;
-}
-
 namespace Luau
 {
 
@@ -2583,43 +2571,29 @@ std::optional<TypeId> Normalizer::intersectionOfTables(TypeId here, TypeId there
                     if (tprop.readTy.has_value())
                     {
                         // if the intersection of the read types of a property is uninhabited, the whole table is `never`.
-                        if (fixReduceStackPressure())
+                        // We've seen these table prop elements before and we're about to ask if their intersection
+                        // is inhabited
+                        if (seenSet.contains(*hprop.readTy) && seenSet.contains(*tprop.readTy))
                         {
-                            // We've seen these table prop elements before and we're about to ask if their intersection
+                            seenSet.erase(*hprop.readTy);
-                            // is inhabited
+                            seenSet.erase(*tprop.readTy);
-                            if (fixCyclicTablesBlowingStack())
+                            return {builtinTypes->neverType};
-                            {
-                                if (seenSet.contains(*hprop.readTy) && seenSet.contains(*tprop.readTy))
-                                {
-                                    seenSet.erase(*hprop.readTy);
-                                    seenSet.erase(*tprop.readTy);
-                                    return {builtinTypes->neverType};
-                                }
-                                else
-                                {
-                                    seenSet.insert(*hprop.readTy);
-                                    seenSet.insert(*tprop.readTy);
-                                }
-                            }
-
-                            NormalizationResult res = isIntersectionInhabited(*hprop.readTy, *tprop.readTy);
-
-                            // Cleanup
-                            if (fixCyclicTablesBlowingStack())
-                            {
-                                seenSet.erase(*hprop.readTy);
-                                seenSet.erase(*tprop.readTy);
-                            }
-
-                            if (NormalizationResult::True != res)
-                                return {builtinTypes->neverType};
                         }
                         else
                         {
-                            if (NormalizationResult::False == isIntersectionInhabited(*hprop.readTy, *tprop.readTy))
+                            seenSet.insert(*hprop.readTy);
-                                return {builtinTypes->neverType};
+                            seenSet.insert(*tprop.readTy);
                         }
 
+                        NormalizationResult res = isIntersectionInhabited(*hprop.readTy, *tprop.readTy);
+
+                        // Cleanup
+                        seenSet.erase(*hprop.readTy);
+                        seenSet.erase(*tprop.readTy);
+
+                        if (NormalizationResult::True != res)
+                            return {builtinTypes->neverType};
+
                         TypeId ty = simplifyIntersection(builtinTypes, NotNull{arena}, *hprop.readTy, *tprop.readTy).result;
                         prop.readTy = ty;
                         hereSubThere &= (ty == hprop.readTy);

Analysis/src/TypeChecker2.cpp

@@ -1625,8 +1625,11 @@ void TypeChecker2::indexExprMetatableHelper(AstExprIndexExpr* indexExpr, const M
         indexExprMetatableHelper(indexExpr, mtmt, exprType, indexType);
     else
     {
-        LUAU_ASSERT(tt || get<PrimitiveType>(follow(metaTable->table)));
+        if (!(DFInt::LuauTypeSolverRelease >= 647))
-
+        {
+            LUAU_ASSERT(tt || get<PrimitiveType>(follow(metaTable->table)));
+        }
+        // CLI-122161: We're not handling unions correctly (probably).
         reportError(CannotExtendTable{exprType, CannotExtendTable::Indexer, "indexer??"}, indexExpr->location);
     }
 }

Analysis/src/TypeFunction.cpp

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ LUAU_DYNAMIC_FASTINTVARIABLE(LuauTypeFamilyUseGuesserDepth, -1);
 LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(DebugLuauLogTypeFamilies, false)
 LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(LuauUserDefinedTypeFunctions2, false)
 LUAU_FASTFLAG(LuauUserDefinedTypeFunctionNoEvaluation)
+LUAU_FASTFLAG(LuauUserTypeFunFixRegister)
 
 LUAU_DYNAMIC_FASTINT(LuauTypeSolverRelease)
 
@@ -1018,9 +1019,11 @@ void TypeFunctionRuntime::prepareState()
 
     setTypeFunctionEnvironment(L);
 
-    // Register type userdata
     registerTypeUserData(L);
 
+    if (FFlag::LuauUserTypeFunFixRegister)
+        registerTypesLibrary(L);
+
     luaL_sandbox(L);
     luaL_sandboxthread(L);
 }

Analysis/src/TypeFunctionRuntime.cpp

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 
 LUAU_DYNAMIC_FASTINT(LuauTypeFunctionSerdeIterationLimit)
 LUAU_DYNAMIC_FASTINT(LuauTypeSolverRelease)
+LUAU_FASTFLAGVARIABLE(LuauUserTypeFunFixRegister, false)
 
 namespace Luau
 {
@@ -1381,11 +1382,11 @@ static int isEqualToType(lua_State* L)
     return 1;
 }
 
-// Register the type userdata
+void registerTypesLibrary(lua_State* L)
-void registerTypeUserData(lua_State* L)
 {
-    // List of fields for type userdata
+    LUAU_ASSERT(FFlag::LuauUserTypeFunFixRegister);
-    luaL_Reg typeUserdataFields[] = {
+
+    luaL_Reg fields[] = {
         {"unknown", createUnknown},
         {"never", createNever},
         {"any", createAny},
@@ -1395,8 +1396,7 @@ void registerTypeUserData(lua_State* L)
         {nullptr, nullptr}
     };
 
-    // List of methods for type userdata
+    luaL_Reg methods[] = {
-    luaL_Reg typeUserdataMethods[] = {
         {"singleton", createSingleton},
         {"negationof", createNegation},
         {"unionof", createUnion},
@@ -1405,72 +1405,191 @@ void registerTypeUserData(lua_State* L)
         {"newfunction", createFunction},
         {"copy", deepCopy},
 
-        // Common methods
-        {"is", checkTag},
-
-        // Negation type methods
-        {"inner", getNegatedValue},
-
-        // Singleton type methods
-        {"value", getSingletonValue},
-
-        // Table type methods
-        {"setproperty", setTableProp},
-        {"setreadproperty", setReadTableProp},
-        {"setwriteproperty", setWriteTableProp},
-        {"readproperty", readTableProp},
-        {"writeproperty", writeTableProp},
-        {"properties", getProps},
-        {"setindexer", setTableIndexer},
-        {"setreadindexer", setTableReadIndexer},
-        {"setwriteindexer", setTableWriteIndexer},
-        {"indexer", getIndexer},
-        {"readindexer", getReadIndexer},
-        {"writeindexer", getWriteIndexer},
-        {"setmetatable", setTableMetatable},
-        {"metatable", getMetatable},
-
-        // Function type methods
-        {"setparameters", setFunctionParameters},
-        {"parameters", getFunctionParameters},
-        {"setreturns", setFunctionReturns},
-        {"returns", getFunctionReturns},
-
-        // Union and Intersection type methods
-        {"components", getComponents},
-
-        // Class type methods
-        {"parent", getClassParent},
-        {"indexer", getIndexer},
         {nullptr, nullptr}
     };
 
-    // Create and register metatable for type userdata
+    luaL_register(L, "types", methods);
-    luaL_newmetatable(L, "type");
-
-    // Protect metatable from being fetched.
-    lua_pushstring(L, "The metatable is locked");
-    lua_setfield(L, -2, "__metatable");
-
-    // Set type userdata metatable's __eq to type_equals()
-    lua_pushcfunction(L, isEqualToType, "__eq");
-    lua_setfield(L, -2, "__eq");
-
-    // Set type userdata metatable's __index to itself
-    lua_pushvalue(L, -1); // Push a copy of type userdata metatable
-    lua_setfield(L, -2, "__index");
-
-    luaL_register(L, nullptr, typeUserdataMethods);
 
     // Set fields for type userdata
-    for (luaL_Reg* l = typeUserdataFields; l->name; l++)
+    for (luaL_Reg* l = fields; l->name; l++)
     {
         l->func(L);
         lua_setfield(L, -2, l->name);
     }
 
-    // Set types library as a global name "types"
+    lua_pop(L, 1);
-    lua_setglobal(L, "types");
+}
+
+static int typeUserdataIndex(lua_State* L)
+{
+    TypeFunctionTypeId self = getTypeUserData(L, 1);
+    const char* field = luaL_checkstring(L, 2);
+
+    if (strcmp(field, "tag") == 0)
+    {
+        lua_pushstring(L, getTag(L, self).c_str());
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    lua_pushvalue(L, lua_upvalueindex(1));
+    lua_getfield(L, -1, field);
+    return 1;
+}
+
+void registerTypeUserData(lua_State* L)
+{
+    if (FFlag::LuauUserTypeFunFixRegister)
+    {
+        luaL_Reg typeUserdataMethods[] = {
+            {"is", checkTag},
+
+            // Negation type methods
+            {"inner", getNegatedValue},
+
+            // Singleton type methods
+            {"value", getSingletonValue},
+
+            // Table type methods
+            {"setproperty", setTableProp},
+            {"setreadproperty", setReadTableProp},
+            {"setwriteproperty", setWriteTableProp},
+            {"readproperty", readTableProp},
+            {"writeproperty", writeTableProp},
+            {"properties", getProps},
+            {"setindexer", setTableIndexer},
+            {"setreadindexer", setTableReadIndexer},
+            {"setwriteindexer", setTableWriteIndexer},
+            {"indexer", getIndexer},
+            {"readindexer", getReadIndexer},
+            {"writeindexer", getWriteIndexer},
+            {"setmetatable", setTableMetatable},
+            {"metatable", getMetatable},
+
+            // Function type methods
+            {"setparameters", setFunctionParameters},
+            {"parameters", getFunctionParameters},
+            {"setreturns", setFunctionReturns},
+            {"returns", getFunctionReturns},
+
+            // Union and Intersection type methods
+            {"components", getComponents},
+
+            // Class type methods
+            {"parent", getClassParent},
+
+            {nullptr, nullptr}
+        };
+
+        // Create and register metatable for type userdata
+        luaL_newmetatable(L, "type");
+
+        // Protect metatable from being changed
+        lua_pushstring(L, "The metatable is locked");
+        lua_setfield(L, -2, "__metatable");
+
+        lua_pushcfunction(L, isEqualToType, "__eq");
+        lua_setfield(L, -2, "__eq");
+
+        // Indexing will be a dynamic function because some type fields are dynamic
+        lua_newtable(L);
+        luaL_register(L, nullptr, typeUserdataMethods);
+        lua_setreadonly(L, -1, true);
+        lua_pushcclosure(L, typeUserdataIndex, "__index", 1);
+        lua_setfield(L, -2, "__index");
+
+        lua_setreadonly(L, -1, true);
+        lua_pop(L, 1);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        // List of fields for type userdata
+        luaL_Reg typeUserdataFields[] = {
+            {"unknown", createUnknown},
+            {"never", createNever},
+            {"any", createAny},
+            {"boolean", createBoolean},
+            {"number", createNumber},
+            {"string", createString},
+            {nullptr, nullptr}
+        };
+
+        // List of methods for type userdata
+        luaL_Reg typeUserdataMethods[] = {
+            {"singleton", createSingleton},
+            {"negationof", createNegation},
+            {"unionof", createUnion},
+            {"intersectionof", createIntersection},
+            {"newtable", createTable},
+            {"newfunction", createFunction},
+            {"copy", deepCopy},
+
+            // Common methods
+            {"is", checkTag},
+
+            // Negation type methods
+            {"inner", getNegatedValue},
+
+            // Singleton type methods
+            {"value", getSingletonValue},
+
+            // Table type methods
+            {"setproperty", setTableProp},
+            {"setreadproperty", setReadTableProp},
+            {"setwriteproperty", setWriteTableProp},
+            {"readproperty", readTableProp},
+            {"writeproperty", writeTableProp},
+            {"properties", getProps},
+            {"setindexer", setTableIndexer},
+            {"setreadindexer", setTableReadIndexer},
+            {"setwriteindexer", setTableWriteIndexer},
+            {"indexer", getIndexer},
+            {"readindexer", getReadIndexer},
+            {"writeindexer", getWriteIndexer},
+            {"setmetatable", setTableMetatable},
+            {"metatable", getMetatable},
+
+            // Function type methods
+            {"setparameters", setFunctionParameters},
+            {"parameters", getFunctionParameters},
+            {"setreturns", setFunctionReturns},
+            {"returns", getFunctionReturns},
+
+            // Union and Intersection type methods
+            {"components", getComponents},
+
+            // Class type methods
+            {"parent", getClassParent},
+            {"indexer", getIndexer},
+            {nullptr, nullptr}
+        };
+
+        // Create and register metatable for type userdata
+        luaL_newmetatable(L, "type");
+
+        // Protect metatable from being fetched.
+        lua_pushstring(L, "The metatable is locked");
+        lua_setfield(L, -2, "__metatable");
+
+        // Set type userdata metatable's __eq to type_equals()
+        lua_pushcfunction(L, isEqualToType, "__eq");
+        lua_setfield(L, -2, "__eq");
+
+        // Set type userdata metatable's __index to itself
+        lua_pushvalue(L, -1); // Push a copy of type userdata metatable
+        lua_setfield(L, -2, "__index");
+
+        luaL_register(L, nullptr, typeUserdataMethods);
+
+        // Set fields for type userdata
+        for (luaL_Reg* l = typeUserdataFields; l->name; l++)
+        {
+            l->func(L);
+            lua_setfield(L, -2, l->name);
+        }
+
+        // Set types library as a global name "types"
+        lua_setglobal(L, "types");
+    }
 
     // Sets up a destructor for the type userdata.
     lua_setuserdatadtor(L, kTypeUserdataTag, deallocTypeUserData);

Ast/src/Ast.cpp

@@ -5,6 +5,11 @@
 
 LUAU_FASTFLAG(LuauNativeAttribute);
 
+// The default value here is 643 because the first release in which this was implemented is 644,
+// and actively we want new changes to be off by default until they're enabled consciously.
+// The flag is placed in AST project here to be common in all Luau libraries
+LUAU_DYNAMIC_FASTINTVARIABLE(LuauTypeSolverRelease, 643)
+
 namespace Luau
 {
 

CLI/Flags.cpp

@@ -2,11 +2,14 @@
 #include "Luau/Common.h"
 #include "Luau/ExperimentalFlags.h"
 
+#include <limits> // TODO: remove with LuauTypeSolverRelease
 #include <string_view>
 
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
+LUAU_DYNAMIC_FASTINT(LuauTypeSolverRelease)
+
 static void setLuauFlag(std::string_view name, bool state)
 {
     for (Luau::FValue<bool>* flag = Luau::FValue<bool>::list; flag; flag = flag->next)
@@ -23,6 +26,13 @@ static void setLuauFlag(std::string_view name, bool state)
 
 static void setLuauFlags(bool state)
 {
+    if (state)
+    {
+        // Setting flags to 'true' means enabling all Luau flags including new type solver
+        // In that case, it is provided with all fixes enabled (as if each fix had its own boolean flag)
+        DFInt::LuauTypeSolverRelease.value = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
+    }
+
     for (Luau::FValue<bool>* flag = Luau::FValue<bool>::list; flag; flag = flag->next)
         if (strncmp(flag->name, "Luau", 4) == 0)
             flag->value = state;

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -124,6 +124,8 @@ if (CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "GNU")
     # Some gcc versions treat var in `if (type var = val)` as unused
     # Some gcc versions treat variables used in constexpr if blocks as unused
     list(APPEND LUAU_OPTIONS -Wno-unused)
+    # some gcc versions warn maybe uninitialized on optional<string> members on structs
+    list(APPEND LUAU_OPTIONS -Wno-maybe-uninitialized)
 endif()
 
 # Enabled in CI; we should be warning free on our main compiler versions but don't guarantee being warning free everywhere

CodeGen/src/CodeGenContext.cpp

@@ -346,13 +346,13 @@ void SharedCodeGenContextDeleter::operator()(const SharedCodeGenContext* codeGen
     return static_cast<BaseCodeGenContext*>(L->global->ecb.context);
 }
 
-static void onCloseState(lua_State* L) noexcept
+static void onCloseState(lua_State* L)
 {
     getCodeGenContext(L)->onCloseState();
     L->global->ecb = lua_ExecutionCallbacks{};
 }
 
-static void onDestroyFunction(lua_State* L, Proto* proto) noexcept
+static void onDestroyFunction(lua_State* L, Proto* proto)
 {
     getCodeGenContext(L)->onDestroyFunction(proto->execdata);
     proto->execdata = nullptr;

Makefile

@@ -82,8 +82,10 @@ LDFLAGS=
 
 # some gcc versions treat var in `if (type var = val)` as unused
 # some gcc versions treat variables used in constexpr if blocks as unused
+# some gcc versions warn maybe uninitalized on optional<std::string> members on structs
 ifeq ($(findstring g++,$(shell $(CXX) --version)),g++)
 	CXXFLAGS+=-Wno-unused
+	CXXFLAGS+=-Wno-maybe-uninitialized
 endif
 
 # enabled in CI; we should be warning free on our main compiler versions but don't guarantee being warning free everywhere

VM/include/lua.h

@@ -453,6 +453,8 @@ struct lua_Callbacks
     void (*debugstep)(lua_State* L, lua_Debug* ar);      // gets called after each instruction in single step mode
     void (*debuginterrupt)(lua_State* L, lua_Debug* ar); // gets called when thread execution is interrupted by break in another thread
     void (*debugprotectederror)(lua_State* L);           // gets called when protected call results in an error
+
+    void (*onallocate)(lua_State* L, size_t osize, size_t nsize); // gets called when memory is allocated
 };
 typedef struct lua_Callbacks lua_Callbacks;
 

VM/src/lmem.cpp

@@ -504,6 +504,11 @@ void* luaM_new_(lua_State* L, size_t nsize, uint8_t memcat)
     g->totalbytes += nsize;
     g->memcatbytes[memcat] += nsize;
 
+    if (LUAU_UNLIKELY(!!g->cb.onallocate))
+    {
+        g->cb.onallocate(L, 0, nsize);
+    }
+
     return block;
 }
 
@@ -539,6 +544,11 @@ GCObject* luaM_newgco_(lua_State* L, size_t nsize, uint8_t memcat)
     g->totalbytes += nsize;
     g->memcatbytes[memcat] += nsize;
 
+    if (LUAU_UNLIKELY(!!g->cb.onallocate))
+    {
+        g->cb.onallocate(L, 0, nsize);
+    }
+
     return (GCObject*)block;
 }
 
@@ -618,6 +628,12 @@ void* luaM_realloc_(lua_State* L, void* block, size_t osize, size_t nsize, uint8
     LUAU_ASSERT((nsize == 0) == (result == NULL));
     g->totalbytes = (g->totalbytes - osize) + nsize;
     g->memcatbytes[memcat] += nsize - osize;
+
+    if (LUAU_UNLIKELY(!!g->cb.onallocate))
+    {
+        g->cb.onallocate(L, osize, nsize);
+    }
+
     return result;
 }
 

bench/bench.py

@@ -508,6 +508,9 @@ def runTest(subdir, filename, filepath):
     filepath = os.path.abspath(filepath)
 
     mainVm = os.path.abspath(arguments.vm)
+    if not os.path.isfile(mainVm):
+        print(f"{colored(Color.RED, 'ERROR')}: VM executable '{mainVm}' does not exist.")
+        sys.exit(1)
 
     # Process output will contain the test name and execution times
     mainOutput = getVmOutput(substituteArguments(mainVm, getExtraArguments(filepath)) + " " + filepath)
@@ -887,9 +890,11 @@ def run(args, argsubcb):
             analyzeResult('', mainResult, compareResults)
     else:
         all_files = [subdir + os.sep + filename for subdir, dirs, files in os.walk(arguments.folder) for filename in files]
+        if len(all_files) == 0:
+            print(f"{colored(Color.YELLOW, 'WARNING')}: No test files found in '{arguments.folder}'.")
         for filepath in sorted(all_files):
             subdir, filename = os.path.split(filepath)
-            if filename.endswith(".lua"):
+            if filename.endswith(".lua") or filename.endswith(".luau"):
                 if arguments.run_test == None or re.match(arguments.run_test, filename[:-4]):
                     runTest(subdir, filename, filepath)
 

tests/Autocomplete.test.cpp

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ template<class BaseType>
 struct ACFixtureImpl : BaseType
 {
     ACFixtureImpl()
-        : BaseType(true, true)
+        : BaseType(true)
     {
     }
 

tests/Fixture.cpp

@@ -25,9 +25,7 @@
 static const char* mainModuleName = "MainModule";
 
 LUAU_FASTFLAG(LuauSolverV2);
-LUAU_FASTFLAG(DebugLuauFreezeArena);
 LUAU_FASTFLAG(DebugLuauLogSolverToJsonFile)
-LUAU_FASTFLAG(LuauDCRMagicFunctionTypeChecker);
 LUAU_DYNAMIC_FASTINT(LuauTypeSolverRelease)
 
 extern std::optional<unsigned> randomSeed; // tests/main.cpp
@@ -152,15 +150,8 @@ const Config& TestConfigResolver::getConfig(const ModuleName& name) const
     return defaultConfig;
 }
 
-Fixture::Fixture(bool freeze, bool prepareAutocomplete)
+Fixture::Fixture(bool prepareAutocomplete)
-    : sff_DebugLuauFreezeArena(FFlag::DebugLuauFreezeArena, freeze)
+    : frontend(
-    , sff_LuauDCRMagicFunctionTypeChecker(FFlag::LuauDCRMagicFunctionTypeChecker, true)
-    // The first value of LuauTypeSolverRelease was 643, so as long as this is
-    // some number greater than 900 (5 years worth of releases), all tests that
-    // run under the new solver will run against all of the changes guarded by
-    // this flag.
-    , sff_LuauTypeSolverRelease(DFInt::LuauTypeSolverRelease, std::numeric_limits<int>::max())
-    , frontend(
           &fileResolver,
           &configResolver,
           {/* retainFullTypeGraphs= */ true, /* forAutocomplete */ false, /* runLintChecks */ false, /* randomConstraintResolutionSeed */ randomSeed}
@@ -583,8 +574,8 @@ LoadDefinitionFileResult Fixture::loadDefinition(const std::string& source)
     return result;
 }
 
-BuiltinsFixture::BuiltinsFixture(bool freeze, bool prepareAutocomplete)
+BuiltinsFixture::BuiltinsFixture(bool prepareAutocomplete)
-    : Fixture(freeze, prepareAutocomplete)
+    : Fixture(prepareAutocomplete)
 {
     Luau::unfreeze(frontend.globals.globalTypes);
     Luau::unfreeze(frontend.globalsForAutocomplete.globalTypes);

tests/Fixture.h

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@
 #include <optional>
 #include <vector>
 
+LUAU_FASTFLAG(DebugLuauFreezeArena)
+
 namespace Luau
 {
 
@@ -63,7 +65,7 @@ struct TestConfigResolver : ConfigResolver
 
 struct Fixture
 {
-    explicit Fixture(bool freeze = true, bool prepareAutocomplete = false);
+    explicit Fixture(bool prepareAutocomplete = false);
     ~Fixture();
 
     // Throws Luau::ParseErrors if the parse fails.
@@ -100,36 +102,14 @@ struct Fixture
     TypeId requireTypeAlias(const std::string& name);
     TypeId requireExportedType(const ModuleName& moduleName, const std::string& name);
 
-    // TODO: Should this be in a container of some kind? Seems a little silly
+    // While most flags can be flipped inside the unit test, some code changes affect the state that is part of Fixture initialization
-    // to have a bunch of flags sitting on the text fixture.
+    // Most often those are changes related to builtin type definitions.
+    // In that case, flag can be forced to 'true' using the example below:
+    // ScopedFastFlag sff_LuauExampleFlagDefinition{FFlag::LuauExampleFlagDefinition, true};
 
-    // We have a couple flags that are OK to set for all tests and, in some
+    // Arena freezing marks the `TypeArena`'s underlying memory as read-only, raising an access violation whenever you mutate it.
-    // cases, cannot easily be flipped on or off on a per-test basis. For these
+    // This is useful for tracking down violations of Luau's memory model.
-    // we set them as part of constructing the test fixture.
+    ScopedFastFlag sff_DebugLuauFreezeArena{FFlag::DebugLuauFreezeArena, true};
-
-    /* From the original commit:
-     *
-     * > This enables arena freezing for all but two unit tests. Arena
-     * > freezing marks the `TypeArena`'s underlying memory as read-only,
-     * > raising an access violation whenever you mutate it. This is useful
-     * > for tracking down violations of Luau's memory model.
-     */
-    ScopedFastFlag sff_DebugLuauFreezeArena;
-
-    /* Magic typechecker functions for the new solver are initialized when the
-     * typechecker frontend is initialized, which is done at the beginning of
-     * the test: we set this flag as part of the fixture as we always want to
-     * enable the magic functions for, say, `string.format`.
-     */
-    ScopedFastFlag sff_LuauDCRMagicFunctionTypeChecker;
-
-    /* While the new solver is being rolled out we are using a monotonically
-     * increasing version number to track new changes, we just set it to a
-     * sufficiently high number in tests to ensure that any guards in prod
-     * code pass in tests (so we don't accidentally reintroduce a bug before
-     * it's unflagged).
-     */
-    ScopedFastInt sff_LuauTypeSolverRelease;
 
     TestFileResolver fileResolver;
     TestConfigResolver configResolver;
@@ -158,7 +138,7 @@ struct Fixture
 
 struct BuiltinsFixture : Fixture
 {
-    BuiltinsFixture(bool freeze = true, bool prepareAutocomplete = false);
+    BuiltinsFixture(bool prepareAutocomplete = false);
 };
 
 std::optional<std::string> pathExprToModuleName(const ModuleName& currentModuleName, const std::vector<std::string_view>& segments);

tests/SharedCodeAllocator.test.cpp

@@ -175,6 +175,8 @@ TEST_CASE("NativeModuleRefRefcounting")
     REQUIRE(modRefA->getRefcount() == 1);
     REQUIRE(modRefB->getRefcount() == 1);
 
+#if defined(__linux__) && defined(__GNUC__)
+#else
     // NativeModuleRef self move assignment:
     {
         NativeModuleRef modRef1{modRefA};
@@ -183,6 +185,8 @@ TEST_CASE("NativeModuleRefRefcounting")
         REQUIRE(modRefA->getRefcount() == 2);
     }
 
+#endif
+
     REQUIRE(modRefA->getRefcount() == 1);
     REQUIRE(modRefB->getRefcount() == 1);
 

tests/TypeFunction.test.cpp

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ struct TypeFunctionFixture : Fixture
     TypeFunction swapFunction;
 
     TypeFunctionFixture()
-        : Fixture(true, false)
+        : Fixture(false)
     {
         swapFunction = TypeFunction{
             /* name */ "Swap",

tests/TypeFunction.user.test.cpp

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ LUAU_FASTFLAG(LuauSolverV2)
 LUAU_FASTFLAG(LuauUserDefinedTypeFunctionsSyntax2)
 LUAU_FASTFLAG(LuauUserDefinedTypeFunctions2)
 LUAU_FASTFLAG(LuauUserDefinedTypeFunctionNoEvaluation)
+LUAU_FASTFLAG(LuauUserTypeFunFixRegister)
 
 TEST_SUITE_BEGIN("UserDefinedTypeFunctionTests");
 
@@ -1101,4 +1102,101 @@ TEST_CASE_FIXTURE(BuiltinsFixture, "udtf_strip_indexer")
     CHECK(toString(tpm->givenTp) == "{ foo: string }");
 }
 
+TEST_CASE_FIXTURE(BuiltinsFixture, "no_type_methods_on_types")
+{
+    ScopedFastFlag newSolver{FFlag::LuauSolverV2, true};
+    ScopedFastFlag udtfSyntax{FFlag::LuauUserDefinedTypeFunctionsSyntax2, true};
+    ScopedFastFlag udtf{FFlag::LuauUserDefinedTypeFunctions2, true};
+    ScopedFastFlag luauUserTypeFunFixRegister{FFlag::LuauUserTypeFunFixRegister, true};
+
+    CheckResult result = check(R"(
+        type function test(x)
+            return if types.is(x, "number") then types.string else types.boolean
+        end
+        local function ok(tbl: test<number>): never return tbl end
+    )");
+
+    LUAU_REQUIRE_ERROR_COUNT(4, result);
+    CHECK(toString(result.errors[0]) == R"('test' type function errored at runtime: [string "test"]:3: attempt to call a nil value)");
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_FIXTURE(BuiltinsFixture, "no_types_functions_on_type")
+{
+    ScopedFastFlag newSolver{FFlag::LuauSolverV2, true};
+    ScopedFastFlag udtfSyntax{FFlag::LuauUserDefinedTypeFunctionsSyntax2, true};
+    ScopedFastFlag udtf{FFlag::LuauUserDefinedTypeFunctions2, true};
+    ScopedFastFlag luauUserTypeFunFixRegister{FFlag::LuauUserTypeFunFixRegister, true};
+
+    CheckResult result = check(R"(
+        type function test(x)
+            return x.singleton("a")
+        end
+        local function ok(tbl: test<number>): never return tbl end
+    )");
+
+    LUAU_REQUIRE_ERROR_COUNT(4, result);
+    CHECK(toString(result.errors[0]) == R"('test' type function errored at runtime: [string "test"]:3: attempt to call a nil value)");
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_FIXTURE(BuiltinsFixture, "no_metatable_writes")
+{
+    ScopedFastFlag newSolver{FFlag::LuauSolverV2, true};
+    ScopedFastFlag udtfSyntax{FFlag::LuauUserDefinedTypeFunctionsSyntax2, true};
+    ScopedFastFlag udtf{FFlag::LuauUserDefinedTypeFunctions2, true};
+    ScopedFastFlag luauUserTypeFunFixRegister{FFlag::LuauUserTypeFunFixRegister, true};
+
+    CheckResult result = check(R"(
+        type function test(x)
+            local a = x.__index
+            a.is = function() return false end
+            return types.singleton(x.is("number"))
+        end
+        local function ok(tbl: test<number>): never return tbl end
+    )");
+
+    LUAU_REQUIRE_ERROR_COUNT(4, result);
+    CHECK(toString(result.errors[0]) == R"('test' type function errored at runtime: [string "test"]:4: attempt to index nil with 'is')");
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_FIXTURE(BuiltinsFixture, "no_eq_field")
+{
+    ScopedFastFlag newSolver{FFlag::LuauSolverV2, true};
+    ScopedFastFlag udtfSyntax{FFlag::LuauUserDefinedTypeFunctionsSyntax2, true};
+    ScopedFastFlag udtf{FFlag::LuauUserDefinedTypeFunctions2, true};
+    ScopedFastFlag luauUserTypeFunFixRegister{FFlag::LuauUserTypeFunFixRegister, true};
+
+    CheckResult result = check(R"(
+        type function test(x)
+            return types.singleton(x.__eq(x, types.number))
+        end
+        local function ok(tbl: test<number>): never return tbl end
+    )");
+
+    LUAU_REQUIRE_ERROR_COUNT(4, result);
+    CHECK(toString(result.errors[0]) == R"('test' type function errored at runtime: [string "test"]:3: attempt to call a nil value)");
+}
+
+TEST_CASE_FIXTURE(BuiltinsFixture, "tag_field")
+{
+    ScopedFastFlag newSolver{FFlag::LuauSolverV2, true};
+    ScopedFastFlag udtfSyntax{FFlag::LuauUserDefinedTypeFunctionsSyntax2, true};
+    ScopedFastFlag udtf{FFlag::LuauUserDefinedTypeFunctions2, true};
+    ScopedFastFlag luauUserTypeFunFixRegister{FFlag::LuauUserTypeFunFixRegister, true};
+
+    CheckResult result = check(R"(
+        type function test(x)
+            return types.singleton(x.tag)
+        end
+
+        local function ok1(tbl: test<number>): never return tbl end
+        local function ok2(tbl: test<string>): never return tbl end
+        local function ok3(tbl: test<{}>): never return tbl end
+    )");
+
+    LUAU_REQUIRE_ERROR_COUNT(3, result);
+    CHECK(toString(result.errors[0]) == R"(Type pack '"number"' could not be converted into 'never'; at [0], "number" is not a subtype of never)");
+    CHECK(toString(result.errors[1]) == R"(Type pack '"string"' could not be converted into 'never'; at [0], "string" is not a subtype of never)");
+    CHECK(toString(result.errors[2]) == R"(Type pack '"table"' could not be converted into 'never'; at [0], "table" is not a subtype of never)");
+}
+
 TEST_SUITE_END();

tests/TypeInfer.tables.test.cpp

@@ -4866,4 +4866,29 @@ TEST_CASE_FIXTURE(BuiltinsFixture, "subtyping_with_a_metatable_table_path")
     );
 }
 
+TEST_CASE_FIXTURE(BuiltinsFixture, "metatable_union_type")
+{
+
+    ScopedFastFlag _{FFlag::LuauSolverV2, true};
+
+    // This will have one (legitimate) error but previously would crash.
+    auto result = check(R"(
+        local function set(key, value)
+            local Message = {}
+            function Message.new(message)
+                local self = message or {}
+                setmetatable(self, Message)
+                return self
+            end
+            local self = Message.new(nil)
+            self[key] = value
+        end
+    )");
+    LUAU_REQUIRE_ERROR_COUNT(1, result);
+    CHECK_EQ(
+        "Cannot add indexer to table '{ @metatable t1, (nil & ~(false?)) | {  } } where t1 = { new: <a>(a) -> { @metatable t1, (a & ~(false?)) | {  } } }'",
+        toString(result.errors[0])
+    );
+}
+
 TEST_SUITE_END();

tests/main.cpp

@@ -27,9 +27,13 @@
 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
 #endif
 
+#include <limits> // TODO: remove with LuauTypeSolverRelease
 #include <optional>
+
 #include <stdio.h>
 
+LUAU_DYNAMIC_FASTINT(LuauTypeSolverRelease)
+
 // Indicates if verbose output is enabled; can be overridden via --verbose
 // Currently, this enables output from 'print', but other verbose output could be enabled eventually.
 bool verbose = false;
@@ -411,6 +415,12 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv)
         printf("Using RNG seed %u\n", *randomSeed);
     }
 
+    // New Luau type solver uses a temporary scheme where fixes are made under a single version flag
+    // When flags are enabled, new solver is enabled with all new features and fixes
+    // When it's disabled, this value should have no effect (all uses under a new solver)
+    // Flag setup argument can still be used to override this to a specific value if desired
+    DFInt::LuauTypeSolverRelease.value = std::numeric_limits<int>::max();
+
     if (std::vector<doctest::String> flags; doctest::parseCommaSepArgs(argc, argv, "--fflags=", flags))
         setFastFlags(flags);
 

tools/flag-bisect.py

@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ def add_argument_parsers(parser):
     interestness_parser.add_argument('--auto', dest='mode', action='store_const', const=InterestnessMode.AUTO,
         default=InterestnessMode.AUTO, help='Automatically figure out which one of --pass or --fail should be used')
     interestness_parser.add_argument('--fail', dest='mode', action='store_const', const=InterestnessMode.FAIL,
-        help='You want this if omitting --fflags=true causes tests to fail')
+        help='You want this if passing --fflags=true causes tests to fail')
     interestness_parser.add_argument('--pass', dest='mode', action='store_const', const=InterestnessMode.PASS,
         help='You want this if passing --fflags=true causes tests to pass')
     interestness_parser.add_argument('--timeout', dest='timeout', type=int, default=0, metavar='SECONDS',