diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/Makefile b/lua-5.4.5/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a26e3d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+# Makefile for installing Lua
+# See doc/readme.html for installation and customization instructions.
+
+# == CHANGE THE SETTINGS BELOW TO SUIT YOUR ENVIRONMENT =======================
+
+# Your platform. See PLATS for possible values.
+PLAT= guess
+
+# Where to install. The installation starts in the src and doc directories,
+# so take care if INSTALL_TOP is not an absolute path. See the local target.
+# You may want to make INSTALL_LMOD and INSTALL_CMOD consistent with
+# LUA_ROOT, LUA_LDIR, and LUA_CDIR in luaconf.h.
+INSTALL_TOP= /usr/local
+INSTALL_BIN= $(INSTALL_TOP)/bin
+INSTALL_INC= $(INSTALL_TOP)/include
+INSTALL_LIB= $(INSTALL_TOP)/lib
+INSTALL_MAN= $(INSTALL_TOP)/man/man1
+INSTALL_LMOD= $(INSTALL_TOP)/share/lua/$V
+INSTALL_CMOD= $(INSTALL_TOP)/lib/lua/$V
+
+# How to install. If your install program does not support "-p", then
+# you may have to run ranlib on the installed liblua.a.
+INSTALL= install -p
+INSTALL_EXEC= $(INSTALL) -m 0755
+INSTALL_DATA= $(INSTALL) -m 0644
+#
+# If you don't have "install" you can use "cp" instead.
+# INSTALL= cp -p
+# INSTALL_EXEC= $(INSTALL)
+# INSTALL_DATA= $(INSTALL)
+
+# Other utilities.
+MKDIR= mkdir -p
+RM= rm -f
+
+# == END OF USER SETTINGS -- NO NEED TO CHANGE ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE =======
+
+# Convenience platforms targets.
+PLATS= guess aix bsd c89 freebsd generic ios linux linux-readline macosx mingw posix solaris
+
+# What to install.
+TO_BIN= lua luac
+TO_INC= lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h lua.hpp
+TO_LIB= liblua.a
+TO_MAN= lua.1 luac.1
+
+# Lua version and release.
+V= 5.4
+R= $V.5
+
+# Targets start here.
+all: $(PLAT)
+
+$(PLATS) help test clean:
+ @cd src && $(MAKE) $@
+
+install: dummy
+ cd src && $(MKDIR) $(INSTALL_BIN) $(INSTALL_INC) $(INSTALL_LIB) $(INSTALL_MAN) $(INSTALL_LMOD) $(INSTALL_CMOD)
+ cd src && $(INSTALL_EXEC) $(TO_BIN) $(INSTALL_BIN)
+ cd src && $(INSTALL_DATA) $(TO_INC) $(INSTALL_INC)
+ cd src && $(INSTALL_DATA) $(TO_LIB) $(INSTALL_LIB)
+ cd doc && $(INSTALL_DATA) $(TO_MAN) $(INSTALL_MAN)
+
+uninstall:
+ cd src && cd $(INSTALL_BIN) && $(RM) $(TO_BIN)
+ cd src && cd $(INSTALL_INC) && $(RM) $(TO_INC)
+ cd src && cd $(INSTALL_LIB) && $(RM) $(TO_LIB)
+ cd doc && cd $(INSTALL_MAN) && $(RM) $(TO_MAN)
+
+local:
+ $(MAKE) install INSTALL_TOP=../install
+
+# make may get confused with install/ if it does not support .PHONY.
+dummy:
+
+# Echo config parameters.
+echo:
+ @cd src && $(MAKE) -s echo
+ @echo "PLAT= $(PLAT)"
+ @echo "V= $V"
+ @echo "R= $R"
+ @echo "TO_BIN= $(TO_BIN)"
+ @echo "TO_INC= $(TO_INC)"
+ @echo "TO_LIB= $(TO_LIB)"
+ @echo "TO_MAN= $(TO_MAN)"
+ @echo "INSTALL_TOP= $(INSTALL_TOP)"
+ @echo "INSTALL_BIN= $(INSTALL_BIN)"
+ @echo "INSTALL_INC= $(INSTALL_INC)"
+ @echo "INSTALL_LIB= $(INSTALL_LIB)"
+ @echo "INSTALL_MAN= $(INSTALL_MAN)"
+ @echo "INSTALL_LMOD= $(INSTALL_LMOD)"
+ @echo "INSTALL_CMOD= $(INSTALL_CMOD)"
+ @echo "INSTALL_EXEC= $(INSTALL_EXEC)"
+ @echo "INSTALL_DATA= $(INSTALL_DATA)"
+
+# Echo pkg-config data.
+pc:
+ @echo "version=$R"
+ @echo "prefix=$(INSTALL_TOP)"
+ @echo "libdir=$(INSTALL_LIB)"
+ @echo "includedir=$(INSTALL_INC)"
+
+# Targets that do not create files (not all makes understand .PHONY).
+.PHONY: all $(PLATS) help test clean install uninstall local dummy echo pc
+
+# (end of Makefile)
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/README b/lua-5.4.5/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f0aa064
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/README
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+
+This is Lua 5.4.5, released on 18 Apr 2023.
+
+For installation instructions, license details, and
+further information about Lua, see doc/readme.html.
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/doc/contents.html b/lua-5.4.5/doc/contents.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1231e6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/doc/contents.html
@@ -0,0 +1,678 @@
+
+
+
+Lua 5.4 Reference Manual - contents
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Lua 5.4 Reference Manual
+
+
+
+The reference manual is the official definition of the Lua language.
+
+For a complete introduction to Lua programming, see the book
+Programming in Lua.
+
+
+Lua is a powerful, efficient, lightweight, embeddable scripting language.
+It supports procedural programming,
+object-oriented programming, functional programming,
+data-driven programming, and data description.
+
+
+
+Lua combines simple procedural syntax with powerful data description
+constructs based on associative arrays and extensible semantics.
+Lua is dynamically typed,
+runs by interpreting bytecode with a register-based
+virtual machine,
+and has automatic memory management with
+a generational garbage collection,
+making it ideal for configuration, scripting,
+and rapid prototyping.
+
+
+
+Lua is implemented as a library, written in clean C,
+the common subset of standard C and C++.
+The Lua distribution includes a host program called lua,
+which uses the Lua library to offer a complete,
+standalone Lua interpreter,
+for interactive or batch use.
+Lua is intended to be used both as a powerful, lightweight,
+embeddable scripting language for any program that needs one,
+and as a powerful but lightweight and efficient stand-alone language.
+
+
+
+As an extension language, Lua has no notion of a "main" program:
+it works embedded in a host client,
+called the embedding program or simply the host.
+(Frequently, this host is the stand-alone lua program.)
+The host program can invoke functions to execute a piece of Lua code,
+can write and read Lua variables,
+and can register C functions to be called by Lua code.
+Through the use of C functions, Lua can be augmented to cope with
+a wide range of different domains,
+thus creating customized programming languages sharing a syntactical framework.
+
+
+
+Lua is free software,
+and is provided as usual with no guarantees,
+as stated in its license.
+The implementation described in this manual is available
+at Lua's official web site, www.lua.org.
+
+
+
+Like any other reference manual,
+this document is dry in places.
+For a discussion of the decisions behind the design of Lua,
+see the technical papers available at Lua's web site.
+For a detailed introduction to programming in Lua,
+see Roberto's book, Programming in Lua.
+
+
+
+
+Lua is a dynamically typed language.
+This means that
+variables do not have types; only values do.
+There are no type definitions in the language.
+All values carry their own type.
+
+
+
+All values in Lua are first-class values.
+This means that all values can be stored in variables,
+passed as arguments to other functions, and returned as results.
+
+
+
+There are eight basic types in Lua:
+nil, boolean, number,
+string, function, userdata,
+thread, and table.
+The type nil has one single value, nil,
+whose main property is to be different from any other value;
+it often represents the absence of a useful value.
+The type boolean has two values, false and true.
+Both nil and false make a condition false;
+they are collectively called false values.
+Any other value makes a condition true.
+Despite its name,
+false is frequently used as an alternative to nil,
+with the key difference that false behaves
+like a regular value in a table,
+while a nil in a table represents an absent key.
+
+
+
+The type number represents both
+integer numbers and real (floating-point) numbers,
+using two subtypes: integer and float.
+Standard Lua uses 64-bit integers and double-precision (64-bit) floats,
+but you can also compile Lua so that it
+uses 32-bit integers and/or single-precision (32-bit) floats.
+The option with 32 bits for both integers and floats
+is particularly attractive
+for small machines and embedded systems.
+(See macro LUA_32BITS in file luaconf.h.)
+
+
+
+Unless stated otherwise,
+any overflow when manipulating integer values wrap around,
+according to the usual rules of two-complement arithmetic.
+(In other words,
+the actual result is the unique representable integer
+that is equal modulo 2n to the mathematical result,
+where n is the number of bits of the integer type.)
+
+
+
+Lua has explicit rules about when each subtype is used,
+but it also converts between them automatically as needed (see §3.4.3).
+Therefore,
+the programmer may choose to mostly ignore the difference
+between integers and floats
+or to assume complete control over the representation of each number.
+
+
+
+The type string represents immutable sequences of bytes.
+
+Lua is 8-bit clean:
+strings can contain any 8-bit value,
+including embedded zeros ('\0').
+Lua is also encoding-agnostic;
+it makes no assumptions about the contents of a string.
+The length of any string in Lua must fit in a Lua integer.
+
+
+
+Lua can call (and manipulate) functions written in Lua and
+functions written in C (see §3.4.10).
+Both are represented by the type function.
+
+
+
+The type userdata is provided to allow arbitrary C data to
+be stored in Lua variables.
+A userdata value represents a block of raw memory.
+There are two kinds of userdata:
+full userdata,
+which is an object with a block of memory managed by Lua,
+and light userdata,
+which is simply a C pointer value.
+Userdata has no predefined operations in Lua,
+except assignment and identity test.
+By using metatables,
+the programmer can define operations for full userdata values
+(see §2.4).
+Userdata values cannot be created or modified in Lua,
+only through the C API.
+This guarantees the integrity of data owned by
+the host program and C libraries.
+
+
+
+The type thread represents independent threads of execution
+and it is used to implement coroutines (see §2.6).
+Lua threads are not related to operating-system threads.
+Lua supports coroutines on all systems,
+even those that do not support threads natively.
+
+
+
+The type table implements associative arrays,
+that is, arrays that can have as indices not only numbers,
+but any Lua value except nil and NaN.
+(Not a Number is a special floating-point value
+used by the IEEE 754 standard to represent
+undefined numerical results, such as 0/0.)
+Tables can be heterogeneous;
+that is, they can contain values of all types (except nil).
+Any key associated to the value nil is not considered part of the table.
+Conversely, any key that is not part of a table has
+an associated value nil.
+
+
+
+Tables are the sole data-structuring mechanism in Lua;
+they can be used to represent ordinary arrays, lists,
+symbol tables, sets, records, graphs, trees, etc.
+To represent records, Lua uses the field name as an index.
+The language supports this representation by
+providing a.name as syntactic sugar for a["name"].
+There are several convenient ways to create tables in Lua
+(see §3.4.9).
+
+
+
+Like indices,
+the values of table fields can be of any type.
+In particular,
+because functions are first-class values,
+table fields can contain functions.
+Thus tables can also carry methods (see §3.4.11).
+
+
+
+The indexing of tables follows
+the definition of raw equality in the language.
+The expressions a[i] and a[j]
+denote the same table element
+if and only if i and j are raw equal
+(that is, equal without metamethods).
+In particular, floats with integral values
+are equal to their respective integers
+(e.g., 1.0 == 1).
+To avoid ambiguities,
+any float used as a key that is equal to an integer
+is converted to that integer.
+For instance, if you write a[2.0] = true,
+the actual key inserted into the table will be the integer 2.
+
+
+
+Tables, functions, threads, and (full) userdata values are objects:
+variables do not actually contain these values,
+only references to them.
+Assignment, parameter passing, and function returns
+always manipulate references to such values;
+these operations do not imply any kind of copy.
+
+
+
+The library function type returns a string describing the type
+of a given value (see type).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+As we will discuss further in §3.2 and §3.3.3,
+any reference to a free name
+(that is, a name not bound to any declaration) var
+is syntactically translated to _ENV.var.
+Moreover, every chunk is compiled in the scope of
+an external local variable named _ENV (see §3.3.2),
+so _ENV itself is never a free name in a chunk.
+
+
+
+Despite the existence of this external _ENV variable and
+the translation of free names,
+_ENV is a completely regular name.
+In particular,
+you can define new variables and parameters with that name.
+Each reference to a free name uses the _ENV that is
+visible at that point in the program,
+following the usual visibility rules of Lua (see §3.5).
+
+
+
+Any table used as the value of _ENV is called an environment.
+
+
+
+Lua keeps a distinguished environment called the global environment.
+This value is kept at a special index in the C registry (see §4.3).
+In Lua, the global variable _G is initialized with this same value.
+(_G is never used internally,
+so changing its value will affect only your own code.)
+
+
+
+When Lua loads a chunk,
+the default value for its _ENV variable
+is the global environment (see load).
+Therefore, by default,
+free names in Lua code refer to entries in the global environment
+and, therefore, they are also called global variables.
+Moreover, all standard libraries are loaded in the global environment
+and some functions there operate on that environment.
+You can use load (or loadfile)
+to load a chunk with a different environment.
+(In C, you have to load the chunk and then change the value
+of its first upvalue; see lua_setupvalue.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Several operations in Lua can raise an error.
+An error interrupts the normal flow of the program,
+which can continue by catching the error.
+
+
+
+Lua code can explicitly raise an error by calling the
+error function.
+(This function never returns.)
+
+
+
+To catch errors in Lua,
+you can do a protected call,
+using pcall (or xpcall).
+The function pcall calls a given function in protected mode.
+Any error while running the function stops its execution,
+and control returns immediately to pcall,
+which returns a status code.
+
+
+
+Because Lua is an embedded extension language,
+Lua code starts running by a call
+from C code in the host program.
+(When you use Lua standalone,
+the lua application is the host program.)
+Usually, this call is protected;
+so, when an otherwise unprotected error occurs during
+the compilation or execution of a Lua chunk,
+control returns to the host,
+which can take appropriate measures,
+such as printing an error message.
+
+
+
+Whenever there is an error,
+an error object
+is propagated with information about the error.
+Lua itself only generates errors whose error object is a string,
+but programs may generate errors with
+any value as the error object.
+It is up to the Lua program or its host to handle such error objects.
+For historical reasons,
+an error object is often called an error message,
+even though it does not have to be a string.
+
+
+
+When you use xpcall (or lua_pcall, in C)
+you may give a message handler
+to be called in case of errors.
+This function is called with the original error object
+and returns a new error object.
+It is called before the error unwinds the stack,
+so that it can gather more information about the error,
+for instance by inspecting the stack and creating a stack traceback.
+This message handler is still protected by the protected call;
+so, an error inside the message handler
+will call the message handler again.
+If this loop goes on for too long,
+Lua breaks it and returns an appropriate message.
+The message handler is called only for regular runtime errors.
+It is not called for memory-allocation errors
+nor for errors while running finalizers or other message handlers.
+
+
+
+Lua also offers a system of warnings (see warn).
+Unlike errors, warnings do not interfere
+in any way with program execution.
+They typically only generate a message to the user,
+although this behavior can be adapted from C (see lua_setwarnf).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Every value in Lua can have a metatable.
+This metatable is an ordinary Lua table
+that defines the behavior of the original value
+under certain events.
+You can change several aspects of the behavior
+of a value by setting specific fields in its metatable.
+For instance, when a non-numeric value is the operand of an addition,
+Lua checks for a function in the field __add of the value's metatable.
+If it finds one,
+Lua calls this function to perform the addition.
+
+
+
+The key for each event in a metatable is a string
+with the event name prefixed by two underscores;
+the corresponding value is called a metavalue.
+For most events, the metavalue must be a function,
+which is then called a metamethod.
+In the previous example, the key is the string "__add"
+and the metamethod is the function that performs the addition.
+Unless stated otherwise,
+a metamethod may in fact be any callable value,
+which is either a function or a value with a __call metamethod.
+
+
+
+You can query the metatable of any value
+using the getmetatable function.
+Lua queries metamethods in metatables using a raw access (see rawget).
+
+
+
+You can replace the metatable of tables
+using the setmetatable function.
+You cannot change the metatable of other types from Lua code,
+except by using the debug library (§6.10).
+
+
+
+Tables and full userdata have individual metatables,
+although multiple tables and userdata can share their metatables.
+Values of all other types share one single metatable per type;
+that is, there is one single metatable for all numbers,
+one for all strings, etc.
+By default, a value has no metatable,
+but the string library sets a metatable for the string type (see §6.4).
+
+
+
+A detailed list of operations controlled by metatables is given next.
+Each event is identified by its corresponding key.
+By convention, all metatable keys used by Lua are composed by
+two underscores followed by lowercase Latin letters.
+
+
+
+
+
+
__add:
+the addition (+) operation.
+If any operand for an addition is not a number,
+Lua will try to call a metamethod.
+It starts by checking the first operand (even if it is a number);
+if that operand does not define a metamethod for __add,
+then Lua will check the second operand.
+If Lua can find a metamethod,
+it calls the metamethod with the two operands as arguments,
+and the result of the call
+(adjusted to one value)
+is the result of the operation.
+Otherwise, if no metamethod is found,
+Lua raises an error.
+
+
+
__sub:
+the subtraction (-) operation.
+Behavior similar to the addition operation.
+
+
+
__mul:
+the multiplication (*) operation.
+Behavior similar to the addition operation.
+
+
+
__div:
+the division (/) operation.
+Behavior similar to the addition operation.
+
+
+
__mod:
+the modulo (%) operation.
+Behavior similar to the addition operation.
+
+
+
__pow:
+the exponentiation (^) operation.
+Behavior similar to the addition operation.
+
+
+
__unm:
+the negation (unary -) operation.
+Behavior similar to the addition operation.
+
+
+
__idiv:
+the floor division (//) operation.
+Behavior similar to the addition operation.
+
+
+
__band:
+the bitwise AND (&) operation.
+Behavior similar to the addition operation,
+except that Lua will try a metamethod
+if any operand is neither an integer
+nor a float coercible to an integer (see §3.4.3).
+
+
+
__bor:
+the bitwise OR (|) operation.
+Behavior similar to the bitwise AND operation.
+
+
+
__bxor:
+the bitwise exclusive OR (binary ~) operation.
+Behavior similar to the bitwise AND operation.
+
+
+
__bnot:
+the bitwise NOT (unary ~) operation.
+Behavior similar to the bitwise AND operation.
+
+
+
__shl:
+the bitwise left shift (<<) operation.
+Behavior similar to the bitwise AND operation.
+
+
+
__shr:
+the bitwise right shift (>>) operation.
+Behavior similar to the bitwise AND operation.
+
+
+
__concat:
+the concatenation (..) operation.
+Behavior similar to the addition operation,
+except that Lua will try a metamethod
+if any operand is neither a string nor a number
+(which is always coercible to a string).
+
+
+
__len:
+the length (#) operation.
+If the object is not a string,
+Lua will try its metamethod.
+If there is a metamethod,
+Lua calls it with the object as argument,
+and the result of the call
+(always adjusted to one value)
+is the result of the operation.
+If there is no metamethod but the object is a table,
+then Lua uses the table length operation (see §3.4.7).
+Otherwise, Lua raises an error.
+
+
+
__eq:
+the equal (==) operation.
+Behavior similar to the addition operation,
+except that Lua will try a metamethod only when the values
+being compared are either both tables or both full userdata
+and they are not primitively equal.
+The result of the call is always converted to a boolean.
+
+
+
__lt:
+the less than (<) operation.
+Behavior similar to the addition operation,
+except that Lua will try a metamethod only when the values
+being compared are neither both numbers nor both strings.
+Moreover, the result of the call is always converted to a boolean.
+
+
+
__le:
+the less equal (<=) operation.
+Behavior similar to the less than operation.
+
+
+
__index:
+The indexing access operation table[key].
+This event happens when table is not a table or
+when key is not present in table.
+The metavalue is looked up in the metatable of table.
+
+
+
+The metavalue for this event can be either a function, a table,
+or any value with an __index metavalue.
+If it is a function,
+it is called with table and key as arguments,
+and the result of the call
+(adjusted to one value)
+is the result of the operation.
+Otherwise,
+the final result is the result of indexing this metavalue with key.
+This indexing is regular, not raw,
+and therefore can trigger another __index metavalue.
+
+
+
__newindex:
+The indexing assignment table[key] = value.
+Like the index event,
+this event happens when table is not a table or
+when key is not present in table.
+The metavalue is looked up in the metatable of table.
+
+
+
+Like with indexing,
+the metavalue for this event can be either a function, a table,
+or any value with an __newindex metavalue.
+If it is a function,
+it is called with table, key, and value as arguments.
+Otherwise,
+Lua repeats the indexing assignment over this metavalue
+with the same key and value.
+This assignment is regular, not raw,
+and therefore can trigger another __newindex metavalue.
+
+
+
+Whenever a __newindex metavalue is invoked,
+Lua does not perform the primitive assignment.
+If needed,
+the metamethod itself can call rawset
+to do the assignment.
+
+
+
__call:
+The call operation func(args).
+This event happens when Lua tries to call a non-function value
+(that is, func is not a function).
+The metamethod is looked up in func.
+If present,
+the metamethod is called with func as its first argument,
+followed by the arguments of the original call (args).
+All results of the call
+are the results of the operation.
+This is the only metamethod that allows multiple results.
+
+
+
+
+
+In addition to the previous list,
+the interpreter also respects the following keys in metatables:
+__gc (see §2.5.3),
+__close (see §3.3.8),
+__mode (see §2.5.4),
+and __name.
+(The entry __name,
+when it contains a string,
+may be used by tostring and in error messages.)
+
+
+
+For the unary operators (negation, length, and bitwise NOT),
+the metamethod is computed and called with a dummy second operand,
+equal to the first one.
+This extra operand is only to simplify Lua's internals
+(by making these operators behave like a binary operation)
+and may be removed in future versions.
+For most uses this extra operand is irrelevant.
+
+
+
+Because metatables are regular tables,
+they can contain arbitrary fields,
+not only the event names defined above.
+Some functions in the standard library
+(e.g., tostring)
+use other fields in metatables for their own purposes.
+
+
+
+It is a good practice to add all needed metamethods to a table
+before setting it as a metatable of some object.
+In particular, the __gc metamethod works only when this order
+is followed (see §2.5.3).
+It is also a good practice to set the metatable of an object
+right after its creation.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Lua performs automatic memory management.
+This means that
+you do not have to worry about allocating memory for new objects
+or freeing it when the objects are no longer needed.
+Lua manages memory automatically by running
+a garbage collector to collect all dead objects.
+All memory used by Lua is subject to automatic management:
+strings, tables, userdata, functions, threads, internal structures, etc.
+
+
+
+An object is considered dead
+as soon as the collector can be sure the object
+will not be accessed again in the normal execution of the program.
+("Normal execution" here excludes finalizers,
+which can resurrect dead objects (see §2.5.3),
+and excludes also operations using the debug library.)
+Note that the time when the collector can be sure that an object
+is dead may not coincide with the programmer's expectations.
+The only guarantees are that Lua will not collect an object
+that may still be accessed in the normal execution of the program,
+and it will eventually collect an object
+that is inaccessible from Lua.
+(Here,
+inaccessible from Lua means that neither a variable nor
+another live object refer to the object.)
+Because Lua has no knowledge about C code,
+it never collects objects accessible through the registry (see §4.3),
+which includes the global environment (see §2.2).
+
+
+
+The garbage collector (GC) in Lua can work in two modes:
+incremental and generational.
+
+
+
+The default GC mode with the default parameters
+are adequate for most uses.
+However, programs that waste a large proportion of their time
+allocating and freeing memory can benefit from other settings.
+Keep in mind that the GC behavior is non-portable
+both across platforms and across different Lua releases;
+therefore, optimal settings are also non-portable.
+
+
+
+You can change the GC mode and parameters by calling
+lua_gc in C
+or collectgarbage in Lua.
+You can also use these functions to control
+the collector directly (e.g., to stop and restart it).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+In incremental mode,
+each GC cycle performs a mark-and-sweep collection in small steps
+interleaved with the program's execution.
+In this mode,
+the collector uses three numbers to control its garbage-collection cycles:
+the garbage-collector pause,
+the garbage-collector step multiplier,
+and the garbage-collector step size.
+
+
+
+The garbage-collector pause
+controls how long the collector waits before starting a new cycle.
+The collector starts a new cycle when the use of memory
+hits n% of the use after the previous collection.
+Larger values make the collector less aggressive.
+Values equal to or less than 100 mean the collector will not wait to
+start a new cycle.
+A value of 200 means that the collector waits for the total memory in use
+to double before starting a new cycle.
+The default value is 200; the maximum value is 1000.
+
+
+
+The garbage-collector step multiplier
+controls the speed of the collector relative to
+memory allocation,
+that is,
+how many elements it marks or sweeps for each
+kilobyte of memory allocated.
+Larger values make the collector more aggressive but also increase
+the size of each incremental step.
+You should not use values less than 100,
+because they make the collector too slow and
+can result in the collector never finishing a cycle.
+The default value is 100; the maximum value is 1000.
+
+
+
+The garbage-collector step size controls the
+size of each incremental step,
+specifically how many bytes the interpreter allocates
+before performing a step.
+This parameter is logarithmic:
+A value of n means the interpreter will allocate 2n
+bytes between steps and perform equivalent work during the step.
+A large value (e.g., 60) makes the collector a stop-the-world
+(non-incremental) collector.
+The default value is 13,
+which means steps of approximately 8 Kbytes.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+In generational mode,
+the collector does frequent minor collections,
+which traverses only objects recently created.
+If after a minor collection the use of memory is still above a limit,
+the collector does a stop-the-world major collection,
+which traverses all objects.
+The generational mode uses two parameters:
+the minor multiplier and the the major multiplier.
+
+
+
+The minor multiplier controls the frequency of minor collections.
+For a minor multiplier x,
+a new minor collection will be done when memory
+grows x% larger than the memory in use after the previous major
+collection.
+For instance, for a multiplier of 20,
+the collector will do a minor collection when the use of memory
+gets 20% larger than the use after the previous major collection.
+The default value is 20; the maximum value is 200.
+
+
+
+The major multiplier controls the frequency of major collections.
+For a major multiplier x,
+a new major collection will be done when memory
+grows x% larger than the memory in use after the previous major
+collection.
+For instance, for a multiplier of 100,
+the collector will do a major collection when the use of memory
+gets larger than twice the use after the previous collection.
+The default value is 100; the maximum value is 1000.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+You can set garbage-collector metamethods for tables
+and, using the C API,
+for full userdata (see §2.4).
+These metamethods, called finalizers,
+are called when the garbage collector detects that the
+corresponding table or userdata is dead.
+Finalizers allow you to coordinate Lua's garbage collection
+with external resource management such as closing files,
+network or database connections,
+or freeing your own memory.
+
+
+
+For an object (table or userdata) to be finalized when collected,
+you must mark it for finalization.
+
+You mark an object for finalization when you set its metatable
+and the metatable has a __gc metamethod.
+Note that if you set a metatable without a __gc field
+and later create that field in the metatable,
+the object will not be marked for finalization.
+
+
+
+When a marked object becomes dead,
+it is not collected immediately by the garbage collector.
+Instead, Lua puts it in a list.
+After the collection,
+Lua goes through that list.
+For each object in the list,
+it checks the object's __gc metamethod:
+If it is present,
+Lua calls it with the object as its single argument.
+
+
+
+At the end of each garbage-collection cycle,
+the finalizers are called in
+the reverse order that the objects were marked for finalization,
+among those collected in that cycle;
+that is, the first finalizer to be called is the one associated
+with the object marked last in the program.
+The execution of each finalizer may occur at any point during
+the execution of the regular code.
+
+
+
+Because the object being collected must still be used by the finalizer,
+that object (and other objects accessible only through it)
+must be resurrected by Lua.
+Usually, this resurrection is transient,
+and the object memory is freed in the next garbage-collection cycle.
+However, if the finalizer stores the object in some global place
+(e.g., a global variable),
+then the resurrection is permanent.
+Moreover, if the finalizer marks a finalizing object for finalization again,
+its finalizer will be called again in the next cycle where the
+object is dead.
+In any case,
+the object memory is freed only in a GC cycle where
+the object is dead and not marked for finalization.
+
+
+
+When you close a state (see lua_close),
+Lua calls the finalizers of all objects marked for finalization,
+following the reverse order that they were marked.
+If any finalizer marks objects for collection during that phase,
+these marks have no effect.
+
+
+
+Finalizers cannot yield nor run the garbage collector.
+Because they can run in unpredictable times,
+it is good practice to restrict each finalizer
+to the minimum necessary to properly release
+its associated resource.
+
+
+
+Any error while running a finalizer generates a warning;
+the error is not propagated.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+A weak table is a table whose elements are
+weak references.
+A weak reference is ignored by the garbage collector.
+In other words,
+if the only references to an object are weak references,
+then the garbage collector will collect that object.
+
+
+
+A weak table can have weak keys, weak values, or both.
+A table with weak values allows the collection of its values,
+but prevents the collection of its keys.
+A table with both weak keys and weak values allows the collection of
+both keys and values.
+In any case, if either the key or the value is collected,
+the whole pair is removed from the table.
+The weakness of a table is controlled by the
+__mode field of its metatable.
+This metavalue, if present, must be one of the following strings:
+"k", for a table with weak keys;
+"v", for a table with weak values;
+or "kv", for a table with both weak keys and values.
+
+
+
+A table with weak keys and strong values
+is also called an ephemeron table.
+In an ephemeron table,
+a value is considered reachable only if its key is reachable.
+In particular,
+if the only reference to a key comes through its value,
+the pair is removed.
+
+
+
+Any change in the weakness of a table may take effect only
+at the next collect cycle.
+In particular, if you change the weakness to a stronger mode,
+Lua may still collect some items from that table
+before the change takes effect.
+
+
+
+Only objects that have an explicit construction
+are removed from weak tables.
+Values, such as numbers and light C functions,
+are not subject to garbage collection,
+and therefore are not removed from weak tables
+(unless their associated values are collected).
+Although strings are subject to garbage collection,
+they do not have an explicit construction and
+their equality is by value;
+they behave more like values than like objects.
+Therefore, they are not removed from weak tables.
+
+
+
+Resurrected objects
+(that is, objects being finalized
+and objects accessible only through objects being finalized)
+have a special behavior in weak tables.
+They are removed from weak values before running their finalizers,
+but are removed from weak keys only in the next collection
+after running their finalizers, when such objects are actually freed.
+This behavior allows the finalizer to access properties
+associated with the object through weak tables.
+
+
+
+If a weak table is among the resurrected objects in a collection cycle,
+it may not be properly cleared until the next cycle.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Lua supports coroutines,
+also called collaborative multithreading.
+A coroutine in Lua represents an independent thread of execution.
+Unlike threads in multithread systems, however,
+a coroutine only suspends its execution by explicitly calling
+a yield function.
+
+
+
+You create a coroutine by calling coroutine.create.
+Its sole argument is a function
+that is the main function of the coroutine.
+The create function only creates a new coroutine and
+returns a handle to it (an object of type thread);
+it does not start the coroutine.
+
+
+
+You execute a coroutine by calling coroutine.resume.
+When you first call coroutine.resume,
+passing as its first argument
+a thread returned by coroutine.create,
+the coroutine starts its execution by
+calling its main function.
+Extra arguments passed to coroutine.resume are passed
+as arguments to that function.
+After the coroutine starts running,
+it runs until it terminates or yields.
+
+
+
+A coroutine can terminate its execution in two ways:
+normally, when its main function returns
+(explicitly or implicitly, after the last instruction);
+and abnormally, if there is an unprotected error.
+In case of normal termination,
+coroutine.resume returns true,
+plus any values returned by the coroutine main function.
+In case of errors, coroutine.resume returns false
+plus the error object.
+In this case, the coroutine does not unwind its stack,
+so that it is possible to inspect it after the error
+with the debug API.
+
+
+
+A coroutine yields by calling coroutine.yield.
+When a coroutine yields,
+the corresponding coroutine.resume returns immediately,
+even if the yield happens inside nested function calls
+(that is, not in the main function,
+but in a function directly or indirectly called by the main function).
+In the case of a yield, coroutine.resume also returns true,
+plus any values passed to coroutine.yield.
+The next time you resume the same coroutine,
+it continues its execution from the point where it yielded,
+with the call to coroutine.yield returning any extra
+arguments passed to coroutine.resume.
+
+
+
+Like coroutine.create,
+the coroutine.wrap function also creates a coroutine,
+but instead of returning the coroutine itself,
+it returns a function that, when called, resumes the coroutine.
+Any arguments passed to this function
+go as extra arguments to coroutine.resume.
+coroutine.wrap returns all the values returned by coroutine.resume,
+except the first one (the boolean error code).
+Unlike coroutine.resume,
+the function created by coroutine.wrap
+propagates any error to the caller.
+In this case,
+the function also closes the coroutine (see coroutine.close).
+
+
+
+As an example of how coroutines work,
+consider the following code:
+
+
+ function foo (a)
+ print("foo", a)
+ return coroutine.yield(2*a)
+ end
+
+ co = coroutine.create(function (a,b)
+ print("co-body", a, b)
+ local r = foo(a+1)
+ print("co-body", r)
+ local r, s = coroutine.yield(a+b, a-b)
+ print("co-body", r, s)
+ return b, "end"
+ end)
+
+ print("main", coroutine.resume(co, 1, 10))
+ print("main", coroutine.resume(co, "r"))
+ print("main", coroutine.resume(co, "x", "y"))
+ print("main", coroutine.resume(co, "x", "y"))
+
+When you run it, it produces the following output:
+
+
+ co-body 1 10
+ foo 2
+ main true 4
+ co-body r
+ main true 11 -9
+ co-body x y
+ main true 10 end
+ main false cannot resume dead coroutine
+
+
+
+You can also create and manipulate coroutines through the C API:
+see functions lua_newthread, lua_resume,
+and lua_yield.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+This section describes the lexis, the syntax, and the semantics of Lua.
+In other words,
+this section describes
+which tokens are valid,
+how they can be combined,
+and what their combinations mean.
+
+
+
+Language constructs will be explained using the usual extended BNF notation,
+in which
+{a} means 0 or more a's, and
+[a] means an optional a.
+Non-terminals are shown like non-terminal,
+keywords are shown like kword,
+and other terminal symbols are shown like ‘=’.
+The complete syntax of Lua can be found in §9
+at the end of this manual.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Lua is a free-form language.
+It ignores spaces and comments between lexical elements (tokens),
+except as delimiters between two tokens.
+In source code,
+Lua recognizes as spaces the standard ASCII whitespace
+characters space, form feed, newline,
+carriage return, horizontal tab, and vertical tab.
+
+
+
+Names
+(also called identifiers)
+in Lua can be any string of Latin letters,
+Arabic-Indic digits, and underscores,
+not beginning with a digit and
+not being a reserved word.
+Identifiers are used to name variables, table fields, and labels.
+
+
+
+The following keywords are reserved
+and cannot be used as names:
+
+
+
+ and break do else elseif end
+ false for function goto if in
+ local nil not or repeat return
+ then true until while
+
+
+
+Lua is a case-sensitive language:
+and is a reserved word, but And and AND
+are two different, valid names.
+As a convention,
+programs should avoid creating
+names that start with an underscore followed by
+one or more uppercase letters (such as _VERSION).
+
+
+
+A short literal string
+can be delimited by matching single or double quotes,
+and can contain the following C-like escape sequences:
+'\a' (bell),
+'\b' (backspace),
+'\f' (form feed),
+'\n' (newline),
+'\r' (carriage return),
+'\t' (horizontal tab),
+'\v' (vertical tab),
+'\\' (backslash),
+'\"' (quotation mark [double quote]),
+and '\'' (apostrophe [single quote]).
+A backslash followed by a line break
+results in a newline in the string.
+The escape sequence '\z' skips the following span
+of whitespace characters,
+including line breaks;
+it is particularly useful to break and indent a long literal string
+into multiple lines without adding the newlines and spaces
+into the string contents.
+A short literal string cannot contain unescaped line breaks
+nor escapes not forming a valid escape sequence.
+
+
+
+We can specify any byte in a short literal string,
+including embedded zeros,
+by its numeric value.
+This can be done
+with the escape sequence \xXX,
+where XX is a sequence of exactly two hexadecimal digits,
+or with the escape sequence \ddd,
+where ddd is a sequence of up to three decimal digits.
+(Note that if a decimal escape sequence is to be followed by a digit,
+it must be expressed using exactly three digits.)
+
+
+
+The UTF-8 encoding of a Unicode character
+can be inserted in a literal string with
+the escape sequence \u{XXX}
+(with mandatory enclosing braces),
+where XXX is a sequence of one or more hexadecimal digits
+representing the character code point.
+This code point can be any value less than 231.
+(Lua uses the original UTF-8 specification here,
+which is not restricted to valid Unicode code points.)
+
+
+
+Literal strings can also be defined using a long format
+enclosed by long brackets.
+We define an opening long bracket of level n as an opening
+square bracket followed by n equal signs followed by another
+opening square bracket.
+So, an opening long bracket of level 0 is written as [[,
+an opening long bracket of level 1 is written as [=[,
+and so on.
+A closing long bracket is defined similarly;
+for instance,
+a closing long bracket of level 4 is written as ]====].
+A long literal starts with an opening long bracket of any level and
+ends at the first closing long bracket of the same level.
+It can contain any text except a closing bracket of the same level.
+Literals in this bracketed form can run for several lines,
+do not interpret any escape sequences,
+and ignore long brackets of any other level.
+Any kind of end-of-line sequence
+(carriage return, newline, carriage return followed by newline,
+or newline followed by carriage return)
+is converted to a simple newline.
+When the opening long bracket is immediately followed by a newline,
+the newline is not included in the string.
+
+
+
+As an example, in a system using ASCII
+(in which 'a' is coded as 97,
+newline is coded as 10, and '1' is coded as 49),
+the five literal strings below denote the same string:
+
+
+ a = 'alo\n123"'
+ a = "alo\n123\""
+ a = '\97lo\10\04923"'
+ a = [[alo
+ 123"]]
+ a = [==[
+ alo
+ 123"]==]
+
+
+
+Any byte in a literal string not
+explicitly affected by the previous rules represents itself.
+However, Lua opens files for parsing in text mode,
+and the system's file functions may have problems with
+some control characters.
+So, it is safer to represent
+binary data as a quoted literal with
+explicit escape sequences for the non-text characters.
+
+
+
+A numeric constant (or numeral)
+can be written with an optional fractional part
+and an optional decimal exponent,
+marked by a letter 'e' or 'E'.
+Lua also accepts hexadecimal constants,
+which start with 0x or 0X.
+Hexadecimal constants also accept an optional fractional part
+plus an optional binary exponent,
+marked by a letter 'p' or 'P' and written in decimal.
+(For instance, 0x1.fp10 denotes 1984,
+which is 0x1f / 16 multiplied by 210.)
+
+
+
+A numeric constant with a radix point or an exponent
+denotes a float;
+otherwise,
+if its value fits in an integer or it is a hexadecimal constant,
+it denotes an integer;
+otherwise (that is, a decimal integer numeral that overflows),
+it denotes a float.
+Hexadecimal numerals with neither a radix point nor an exponent
+always denote an integer value;
+if the value overflows, it wraps around
+to fit into a valid integer.
+
+
+
+A comment starts with a double hyphen (--)
+anywhere outside a string.
+If the text immediately after -- is not an opening long bracket,
+the comment is a short comment,
+which runs until the end of the line.
+Otherwise, it is a long comment,
+which runs until the corresponding closing long bracket.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Variables are places that store values.
+There are three kinds of variables in Lua:
+global variables, local variables, and table fields.
+
+
+
+A single name can denote a global variable or a local variable
+(or a function's formal parameter,
+which is a particular kind of local variable):
+
+
+Any variable name is assumed to be global unless explicitly declared
+as a local (see §3.3.7).
+Local variables are lexically scoped:
+local variables can be freely accessed by functions
+defined inside their scope (see §3.5).
+
+
+
+Before the first assignment to a variable, its value is nil.
+
+
+
+Square brackets are used to index a table:
+
+
+ var ::= prefixexp ‘[’ exp ‘]’
+
+The meaning of accesses to table fields can be changed via metatables
+(see §2.4).
+
+
+
+The syntax var.Name is just syntactic sugar for
+var["Name"]:
+
+
+ var ::= prefixexp ‘.’ Name
+
+
+
+An access to a global variable x
+is equivalent to _ENV.x.
+Due to the way that chunks are compiled,
+the variable _ENV itself is never global (see §2.2).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Lua supports an almost conventional set of statements,
+similar to those in other conventional languages.
+This set includes
+blocks, assignments, control structures, function calls,
+and variable declarations.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+A block is a list of statements,
+which are executed sequentially:
+
+
+ block ::= {stat}
+
+Lua has empty statements
+that allow you to separate statements with semicolons,
+start a block with a semicolon
+or write two semicolons in sequence:
+
+
+ stat ::= ‘;’
+
+
+
+Both function calls and assignments
+can start with an open parenthesis.
+This possibility leads to an ambiguity in Lua's grammar.
+Consider the following fragment:
+
+
+ a = b + c
+ (print or io.write)('done')
+
+The grammar could see this fragment in two ways:
+
+
+ a = b + c(print or io.write)('done')
+
+ a = b + c; (print or io.write)('done')
+
+The current parser always sees such constructions
+in the first way,
+interpreting the open parenthesis
+as the start of the arguments to a call.
+To avoid this ambiguity,
+it is a good practice to always precede with a semicolon
+statements that start with a parenthesis:
+
+
+ ;(print or io.write)('done')
+
+
+
+A block can be explicitly delimited to produce a single statement:
+
+
+ stat ::= do block end
+
+Explicit blocks are useful
+to control the scope of variable declarations.
+Explicit blocks are also sometimes used to
+add a return statement in the middle
+of another block (see §3.3.4).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+The unit of compilation of Lua is called a chunk.
+Syntactically,
+a chunk is simply a block:
+
+
+ chunk ::= block
+
+
+
+Lua handles a chunk as the body of an anonymous function
+with a variable number of arguments
+(see §3.4.11).
+As such, chunks can define local variables,
+receive arguments, and return values.
+Moreover, such anonymous function is compiled as in the
+scope of an external local variable called _ENV (see §2.2).
+The resulting function always has _ENV as its only external variable,
+even if it does not use that variable.
+
+
+
+A chunk can be stored in a file or in a string inside the host program.
+To execute a chunk,
+Lua first loads it,
+precompiling the chunk's code into instructions for a virtual machine,
+and then Lua executes the compiled code
+with an interpreter for the virtual machine.
+
+
+
+Chunks can also be precompiled into binary form;
+see the program luac and the function string.dump for details.
+Programs in source and compiled forms are interchangeable;
+Lua automatically detects the file type and acts accordingly (see load).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Lua allows multiple assignments.
+Therefore, the syntax for assignment
+defines a list of variables on the left side
+and a list of expressions on the right side.
+The elements in both lists are separated by commas:
+
+
+ stat ::= varlist ‘=’ explist
+ varlist ::= var {‘,’ var}
+ explist ::= exp {‘,’ exp}
+
+Before the assignment,
+the list of values is adjusted to the length of
+the list of variables (see §3.4.12).
+
+
+
+If a variable is both assigned and read
+inside a multiple assignment,
+Lua ensures that all reads get the value of the variable
+before the assignment.
+Thus the code
+
+
+ i = 3
+ i, a[i] = i+1, 20
+
+sets a[3] to 20, without affecting a[4]
+because the i in a[i] is evaluated (to 3)
+before it is assigned 4.
+Similarly, the line
+
+
+ x, y = y, x
+
+exchanges the values of x and y,
+and
+
+
+ x, y, z = y, z, x
+
+cyclically permutes the values of x, y, and z.
+
+
+
+Note that this guarantee covers only accesses
+syntactically inside the assignment statement.
+If a function or a metamethod called during the assignment
+changes the value of a variable,
+Lua gives no guarantees about the order of that access.
+
+
+
+An assignment to a global name x = val
+is equivalent to the assignment
+_ENV.x = val (see §2.2).
+
+
+
+The meaning of assignments to table fields and
+global variables (which are actually table fields, too)
+can be changed via metatables (see §2.4).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+The control structures
+if, while, and repeat have the usual meaning and
+familiar syntax:
+
+
+
+
+
+ stat ::= while exp do block end
+ stat ::= repeat block until exp
+ stat ::= if exp then block {elseif exp then block} [else block] end
+
+Lua also has a for statement, in two flavors (see §3.3.5).
+
+
+
+The condition expression of a
+control structure can return any value.
+Both false and nil test false.
+All values different from nil and false test true.
+In particular, the number 0 and the empty string also test true.
+
+
+
+In the repeat–until loop,
+the inner block does not end at the until keyword,
+but only after the condition.
+So, the condition can refer to local variables
+declared inside the loop block.
+
+
+
+The goto statement transfers the program control to a label.
+For syntactical reasons,
+labels in Lua are considered statements too:
+
+
+
+
+ stat ::= goto Name
+ stat ::= label
+ label ::= ‘::’ Name ‘::’
+
+
+
+A label is visible in the entire block where it is defined,
+except inside nested functions.
+A goto may jump to any visible label as long as it does not
+enter into the scope of a local variable.
+A label should not be declared
+where a label with the same name is visible,
+even if this other label has been declared in an enclosing block.
+
+
+
+The break statement terminates the execution of a
+while, repeat, or for loop,
+skipping to the next statement after the loop:
+
+
+
+ stat ::= break
+
+A break ends the innermost enclosing loop.
+
+
+
+The return statement is used to return values
+from a function or a chunk
+(which is handled as an anonymous function).
+
+Functions can return more than one value,
+so the syntax for the return statement is
+
+
+ stat ::= return [explist] [‘;’]
+
+
+
+The return statement can only be written
+as the last statement of a block.
+If it is necessary to return in the middle of a block,
+then an explicit inner block can be used,
+as in the idiom do return end,
+because now return is the last statement in its (inner) block.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+The for statement has two forms:
+one numerical and one generic.
+
+
+
+
The numerical for loop
+
+
+The numerical for loop repeats a block of code while a
+control variable goes through an arithmetic progression.
+It has the following syntax:
+
+
+ stat ::= for Name ‘=’ exp ‘,’ exp [‘,’ exp] do block end
+
+The given identifier (Name) defines the control variable,
+which is a new variable local to the loop body (block).
+
+
+
+The loop starts by evaluating once the three control expressions.
+Their values are called respectively
+the initial value, the limit, and the step.
+If the step is absent, it defaults to 1.
+
+
+
+If both the initial value and the step are integers,
+the loop is done with integers;
+note that the limit may not be an integer.
+Otherwise, the three values are converted to
+floats and the loop is done with floats.
+Beware of floating-point accuracy in this case.
+
+
+
+After that initialization,
+the loop body is repeated with the value of the control variable
+going through an arithmetic progression,
+starting at the initial value,
+with a common difference given by the step.
+A negative step makes a decreasing sequence;
+a step equal to zero raises an error.
+The loop continues while the value is less than
+or equal to the limit
+(greater than or equal to for a negative step).
+If the initial value is already greater than the limit
+(or less than, if the step is negative),
+the body is not executed.
+
+
+
+For integer loops,
+the control variable never wraps around;
+instead, the loop ends in case of an overflow.
+
+
+
+You should not change the value of the control variable
+during the loop.
+If you need its value after the loop,
+assign it to another variable before exiting the loop.
+
+
+
+
+
+
The generic for loop
+
+
+The generic for statement works over functions,
+called iterators.
+On each iteration, the iterator function is called to produce a new value,
+stopping when this new value is nil.
+The generic for loop has the following syntax:
+
+
+ stat ::= for namelist in explist do block end
+ namelist ::= Name {‘,’ Name}
+
+A for statement like
+
+
+ for var_1, ···, var_n in explist do body end
+
+works as follows.
+
+
+
+The names var_i declare loop variables local to the loop body.
+The first of these variables is the control variable.
+
+
+
+The loop starts by evaluating explist
+to produce four values:
+an iterator function,
+a state,
+an initial value for the control variable,
+and a closing value.
+
+
+
+Then, at each iteration,
+Lua calls the iterator function with two arguments:
+the state and the control variable.
+The results from this call are then assigned to the loop variables,
+following the rules of multiple assignments (see §3.3.3).
+If the control variable becomes nil,
+the loop terminates.
+Otherwise, the body is executed and the loop goes
+to the next iteration.
+
+
+
+The closing value behaves like a
+to-be-closed variable (see §3.3.8),
+which can be used to release resources when the loop ends.
+Otherwise, it does not interfere with the loop.
+
+
+
+You should not change the value of the control variable
+during the loop.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Local variables can be declared anywhere inside a block.
+The declaration can include an initialization:
+
+
+ stat ::= local attnamelist [‘=’ explist]
+ attnamelist ::= Name attrib {‘,’ Name attrib}
+
+If present, an initial assignment has the same semantics
+of a multiple assignment (see §3.3.3).
+Otherwise, all variables are initialized with nil.
+
+
+
+Each variable name may be postfixed by an attribute
+(a name between angle brackets):
+
+
+ attrib ::= [‘<’ Name ‘>’]
+
+There are two possible attributes:
+const, which declares a constant variable,
+that is, a variable that cannot be assigned to
+after its initialization;
+and close, which declares a to-be-closed variable (see §3.3.8).
+A list of variables can contain at most one to-be-closed variable.
+
+
+
+A chunk is also a block (see §3.3.2),
+and so local variables can be declared in a chunk outside any explicit block.
+
+
+
+The visibility rules for local variables are explained in §3.5.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+A to-be-closed variable behaves like a constant local variable,
+except that its value is closed whenever the variable
+goes out of scope, including normal block termination,
+exiting its block by break/goto/return,
+or exiting by an error.
+
+
+
+Here, to close a value means
+to call its __close metamethod.
+When calling the metamethod,
+the value itself is passed as the first argument
+and the error object that caused the exit (if any)
+is passed as a second argument;
+if there was no error, the second argument is nil.
+
+
+
+The value assigned to a to-be-closed variable
+must have a __close metamethod
+or be a false value.
+(nil and false are ignored as to-be-closed values.)
+
+
+
+If several to-be-closed variables go out of scope at the same event,
+they are closed in the reverse order that they were declared.
+
+
+
+If there is any error while running a closing method,
+that error is handled like an error in the regular code
+where the variable was defined.
+After an error,
+the other pending closing methods will still be called.
+
+
+
+If a coroutine yields and is never resumed again,
+some variables may never go out of scope,
+and therefore they will never be closed.
+(These variables are the ones created inside the coroutine
+and in scope at the point where the coroutine yielded.)
+Similarly, if a coroutine ends with an error,
+it does not unwind its stack,
+so it does not close any variable.
+In both cases,
+you can either use finalizers
+or call coroutine.close to close the variables.
+However, if the coroutine was created
+through coroutine.wrap,
+then its corresponding function will close the coroutine
+in case of errors.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Numerals and literal strings are explained in §3.1;
+variables are explained in §3.2;
+function definitions are explained in §3.4.11;
+function calls are explained in §3.4.10;
+table constructors are explained in §3.4.9.
+Vararg expressions,
+denoted by three dots ('...'), can only be used when
+directly inside a variadic function;
+they are explained in §3.4.11.
+
+
+
+Binary operators comprise arithmetic operators (see §3.4.1),
+bitwise operators (see §3.4.2),
+relational operators (see §3.4.4), logical operators (see §3.4.5),
+and the concatenation operator (see §3.4.6).
+Unary operators comprise the unary minus (see §3.4.1),
+the unary bitwise NOT (see §3.4.2),
+the unary logical not (see §3.4.5),
+and the unary length operator (see §3.4.7).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Lua supports the following arithmetic operators:
+
+
+
+: addition
+
-: subtraction
+
*: multiplication
+
/: float division
+
//: floor division
+
%: modulo
+
^: exponentiation
+
-: unary minus
+
+
+
+With the exception of exponentiation and float division,
+the arithmetic operators work as follows:
+If both operands are integers,
+the operation is performed over integers and the result is an integer.
+Otherwise, if both operands are numbers,
+then they are converted to floats,
+the operation is performed following the machine's rules
+for floating-point arithmetic
+(usually the IEEE 754 standard),
+and the result is a float.
+(The string library coerces strings to numbers in
+arithmetic operations; see §3.4.3 for details.)
+
+
+
+Exponentiation and float division (/)
+always convert their operands to floats
+and the result is always a float.
+Exponentiation uses the ISO C function pow,
+so that it works for non-integer exponents too.
+
+
+
+Floor division (//) is a division
+that rounds the quotient towards minus infinity,
+resulting in the floor of the division of its operands.
+
+
+
+Modulo is defined as the remainder of a division
+that rounds the quotient towards minus infinity (floor division).
+
+
+
+In case of overflows in integer arithmetic,
+all operations wrap around.
+
+
+
+
+Lua supports the following bitwise operators:
+
+
+
&: bitwise AND
+
|: bitwise OR
+
~: bitwise exclusive OR
+
>>: right shift
+
<<: left shift
+
~: unary bitwise NOT
+
+
+
+All bitwise operations convert its operands to integers
+(see §3.4.3),
+operate on all bits of those integers,
+and result in an integer.
+
+
+
+Both right and left shifts fill the vacant bits with zeros.
+Negative displacements shift to the other direction;
+displacements with absolute values equal to or higher than
+the number of bits in an integer
+result in zero (as all bits are shifted out).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Lua provides some automatic conversions between some
+types and representations at run time.
+Bitwise operators always convert float operands to integers.
+Exponentiation and float division
+always convert integer operands to floats.
+All other arithmetic operations applied to mixed numbers
+(integers and floats) convert the integer operand to a float.
+The C API also converts both integers to floats and
+floats to integers, as needed.
+Moreover, string concatenation accepts numbers as arguments,
+besides strings.
+
+
+
+In a conversion from integer to float,
+if the integer value has an exact representation as a float,
+that is the result.
+Otherwise,
+the conversion gets the nearest higher or
+the nearest lower representable value.
+This kind of conversion never fails.
+
+
+
+The conversion from float to integer
+checks whether the float has an exact representation as an integer
+(that is, the float has an integral value and
+it is in the range of integer representation).
+If it does, that representation is the result.
+Otherwise, the conversion fails.
+
+
+
+Several places in Lua coerce strings to numbers when necessary.
+In particular,
+the string library sets metamethods that try to coerce
+strings to numbers in all arithmetic operations.
+If the conversion fails,
+the library calls the metamethod of the other operand
+(if present) or it raises an error.
+Note that bitwise operators do not do this coercion.
+
+
+
+It is always a good practice not to rely on the
+implicit coercions from strings to numbers,
+as they are not always applied;
+in particular, "1"==1 is false and "1"<1 raises an error
+(see §3.4.4).
+These coercions exist mainly for compatibility and may be removed
+in future versions of the language.
+
+
+
+A string is converted to an integer or a float
+following its syntax and the rules of the Lua lexer.
+The string may have also leading and trailing whitespaces and a sign.
+All conversions from strings to numbers
+accept both a dot and the current locale mark
+as the radix character.
+(The Lua lexer, however, accepts only a dot.)
+If the string is not a valid numeral,
+the conversion fails.
+If necessary, the result of this first step is then converted
+to a specific number subtype following the previous rules
+for conversions between floats and integers.
+
+
+
+The conversion from numbers to strings uses a
+non-specified human-readable format.
+To convert numbers to strings in any specific way,
+use the function string.format.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Lua supports the following relational operators:
+
+
+
==: equality
+
~=: inequality
+
<: less than
+
>: greater than
+
<=: less or equal
+
>=: greater or equal
+
+These operators always result in false or true.
+
+
+
+Equality (==) first compares the type of its operands.
+If the types are different, then the result is false.
+Otherwise, the values of the operands are compared.
+Strings are equal if they have the same byte content.
+Numbers are equal if they denote the same mathematical value.
+
+
+
+Tables, userdata, and threads
+are compared by reference:
+two objects are considered equal only if they are the same object.
+Every time you create a new object
+(a table, a userdata, or a thread),
+this new object is different from any previously existing object.
+A function is always equal to itself.
+Functions with any detectable difference
+(different behavior, different definition) are always different.
+Functions created at different times but with no detectable differences
+may be classified as equal or not
+(depending on internal caching details).
+
+
+
+You can change the way that Lua compares tables and userdata
+by using the __eq metamethod (see §2.4).
+
+
+
+Equality comparisons do not convert strings to numbers
+or vice versa.
+Thus, "0"==0 evaluates to false,
+and t[0] and t["0"] denote different
+entries in a table.
+
+
+
+The operator ~= is exactly the negation of equality (==).
+
+
+
+The order operators work as follows.
+If both arguments are numbers,
+then they are compared according to their mathematical values,
+regardless of their subtypes.
+Otherwise, if both arguments are strings,
+then their values are compared according to the current locale.
+Otherwise, Lua tries to call the __lt or the __le
+metamethod (see §2.4).
+A comparison a > b is translated to b < a
+and a >= b is translated to b <= a.
+
+
+
+Following the IEEE 754 standard,
+the special value NaN is considered neither less than,
+nor equal to, nor greater than any value, including itself.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+The logical operators in Lua are
+and, or, and not.
+Like the control structures (see §3.3.4),
+all logical operators consider both false and nil as false
+and anything else as true.
+
+
+
+The negation operator not always returns false or true.
+The conjunction operator and returns its first argument
+if this value is false or nil;
+otherwise, and returns its second argument.
+The disjunction operator or returns its first argument
+if this value is different from nil and false;
+otherwise, or returns its second argument.
+Both and and or use short-circuit evaluation;
+that is,
+the second operand is evaluated only if necessary.
+Here are some examples:
+
+
+ 10 or 20 --> 10
+ 10 or error() --> 10
+ nil or "a" --> "a"
+ nil and 10 --> nil
+ false and error() --> false
+ false and nil --> false
+ false or nil --> nil
+ 10 and 20 --> 20
+
+The string concatenation operator in Lua is
+denoted by two dots ('..').
+If both operands are strings or numbers,
+then the numbers are converted to strings
+in a non-specified format (see §3.4.3).
+Otherwise, the __concat metamethod is called (see §2.4).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+The length operator is denoted by the unary prefix operator #.
+
+
+
+The length of a string is its number of bytes.
+(That is the usual meaning of string length when each
+character is one byte.)
+
+
+
+The length operator applied on a table
+returns a border in that table.
+A border in a table t is any non-negative integer
+that satisfies the following condition:
+
+
+ (border == 0 or t[border] ~= nil) and
+ (t[border + 1] == nil or border == math.maxinteger)
+
+In words,
+a border is any positive integer index present in the table
+that is followed by an absent index,
+plus two limit cases:
+zero, when index 1 is absent;
+and the maximum value for an integer, when that index is present.
+Note that keys that are not positive integers
+do not interfere with borders.
+
+
+
+A table with exactly one border is called a sequence.
+For instance, the table {10, 20, 30, 40, 50} is a sequence,
+as it has only one border (5).
+The table {10, 20, 30, nil, 50} has two borders (3 and 5),
+and therefore it is not a sequence.
+(The nil at index 4 is called a hole.)
+The table {nil, 20, 30, nil, nil, 60, nil}
+has three borders (0, 3, and 6),
+so it is not a sequence, too.
+The table {} is a sequence with border 0.
+
+
+
+When t is a sequence,
+#t returns its only border,
+which corresponds to the intuitive notion of the length of the sequence.
+When t is not a sequence,
+#t can return any of its borders.
+(The exact one depends on details of
+the internal representation of the table,
+which in turn can depend on how the table was populated and
+the memory addresses of its non-numeric keys.)
+
+
+
+The computation of the length of a table
+has a guaranteed worst time of O(log n),
+where n is the largest integer key in the table.
+
+
+
+A program can modify the behavior of the length operator for
+any value but strings through the __len metamethod (see §2.4).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+As usual,
+you can use parentheses to change the precedences of an expression.
+The concatenation ('..') and exponentiation ('^')
+operators are right associative.
+All other binary operators are left associative.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Table constructors are expressions that create tables.
+Every time a constructor is evaluated, a new table is created.
+A constructor can be used to create an empty table
+or to create a table and initialize some of its fields.
+The general syntax for constructors is
+
+
+Each field of the form [exp1] = exp2 adds to the new table an entry
+with key exp1 and value exp2.
+A field of the form name = exp is equivalent to
+["name"] = exp.
+Fields of the form exp are equivalent to
+[i] = exp, where i are consecutive integers
+starting with 1;
+fields in the other formats do not affect this counting.
+For example,
+
+
+ a = { [f(1)] = g; "x", "y"; x = 1, f(x), [30] = 23; 45 }
+
+is equivalent to
+
+
+ do
+ local t = {}
+ t[f(1)] = g
+ t[1] = "x" -- 1st exp
+ t[2] = "y" -- 2nd exp
+ t.x = 1 -- t["x"] = 1
+ t[3] = f(x) -- 3rd exp
+ t[30] = 23
+ t[4] = 45 -- 4th exp
+ a = t
+ end
+
+
+
+The order of the assignments in a constructor is undefined.
+(This order would be relevant only when there are repeated keys.)
+
+
+
+If the last field in the list has the form exp
+and the expression is a multires expression,
+then all values returned by this expression enter the list consecutively
+(see §3.4.12).
+
+
+
+The field list can have an optional trailing separator,
+as a convenience for machine-generated code.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+A function call in Lua has the following syntax:
+
+
+ functioncall ::= prefixexp args
+
+In a function call,
+first prefixexp and args are evaluated.
+If the value of prefixexp has type function,
+then this function is called
+with the given arguments.
+Otherwise, if present,
+the prefixexp __call metamethod is called:
+its first argument is the value of prefixexp,
+followed by the original call arguments
+(see §2.4).
+
+
+
+The form
+
+
+ functioncall ::= prefixexp ‘:’ Name args
+
+can be used to emulate methods.
+A call v:name(args)
+is syntactic sugar for v.name(v,args),
+except that v is evaluated only once.
+
+
+
+All argument expressions are evaluated before the call.
+A call of the form f{fields} is
+syntactic sugar for f({fields});
+that is, the argument list is a single new table.
+A call of the form f'string'
+(or f"string" or f[[string]])
+is syntactic sugar for f('string');
+that is, the argument list is a single literal string.
+
+
+
+A call of the form return functioncall not in the
+scope of a to-be-closed variable is called a tail call.
+Lua implements proper tail calls
+(or proper tail recursion):
+In a tail call,
+the called function reuses the stack entry of the calling function.
+Therefore, there is no limit on the number of nested tail calls that
+a program can execute.
+However, a tail call erases any debug information about the
+calling function.
+Note that a tail call only happens with a particular syntax,
+where the return has one single function call as argument,
+and it is outside the scope of any to-be-closed variable.
+This syntax makes the calling function return exactly
+the returns of the called function,
+without any intervening action.
+So, none of the following examples are tail calls:
+
+
+ return (f(x)) -- results adjusted to 1
+ return 2 * f(x) -- result multiplied by 2
+ return x, f(x) -- additional results
+ f(x); return -- results discarded
+ return x or f(x) -- results adjusted to 1
+
+ functiondef ::= function funcbody
+ funcbody ::= ‘(’ [parlist] ‘)’ block end
+
+
+
+The following syntactic sugar simplifies function definitions:
+
+
+ stat ::= function funcname funcbody
+ stat ::= localfunction Name funcbody
+ funcname ::= Name {‘.’ Name} [‘:’ Name]
+
+The statement
+
+
+ function f () body end
+
+translates to
+
+
+ f = function () body end
+
+The statement
+
+
+ function t.a.b.c.f () body end
+
+translates to
+
+
+ t.a.b.c.f = function () body end
+
+The statement
+
+
+ local function f () body end
+
+translates to
+
+
+ local f; f = function () body end
+
+not to
+
+
+ local f = function () body end
+
+(This only makes a difference when the body of the function
+contains references to f.)
+
+
+
+A function definition is an executable expression,
+whose value has type function.
+When Lua precompiles a chunk,
+all its function bodies are precompiled too,
+but they are not created yet.
+Then, whenever Lua executes the function definition,
+the function is instantiated (or closed).
+This function instance, or closure,
+is the final value of the expression.
+
+
+
+Parameters act as local variables that are
+initialized with the argument values:
+
+
+ parlist ::= namelist [‘,’ ‘...’] | ‘...’
+
+When a Lua function is called,
+it adjusts its list of arguments to
+the length of its list of parameters (see §3.4.12),
+unless the function is a variadic function,
+which is indicated by three dots ('...')
+at the end of its parameter list.
+A variadic function does not adjust its argument list;
+instead, it collects all extra arguments and supplies them
+to the function through a vararg expression,
+which is also written as three dots.
+The value of this expression is a list of all actual extra arguments,
+similar to a function with multiple results (see §3.4.12).
+
+
+
+As an example, consider the following definitions:
+
+
+ function f(a, b) end
+ function g(a, b, ...) end
+ function r() return 1,2,3 end
+
+Then, we have the following mapping from arguments to parameters and
+to the vararg expression:
+
+
+Results are returned using the return statement (see §3.3.4).
+If control reaches the end of a function
+without encountering a return statement,
+then the function returns with no results.
+
+
+
+
+There is a system-dependent limit on the number of values
+that a function may return.
+This limit is guaranteed to be greater than 1000.
+
+
+
+The colon syntax
+is used to emulate methods,
+adding an implicit extra parameter self to the function.
+Thus, the statement
+
+
+Both function calls and vararg expressions can result in multiple values.
+These expressions are called multires expressions.
+
+
+
+When a multires expression is used as the last element
+of a list of expressions,
+all results from the expression are added to the
+list of values produced by the list of expressions.
+Note that a single expression
+in a place that expects a list of expressions
+is the last expression in that (singleton) list.
+
+
+
+These are the places where Lua expects a list of expressions:
+
+
+
+
A return statement,
+for instance return e1, e2, e3 (see §3.3.4).
+
+
A table constructor,
+for instance {e1, e2, e3} (see §3.4.9).
+
+
The arguments of a function call,
+for instance foo(e1, e2, e3) (see §3.4.10).
+
+
A multiple assignment,
+for instance a , b, c = e1, e2, e3 (see §3.3.3).
+
+
A local declaration,
+for instance local a , b, c = e1, e2, e3 (see §3.3.7).
+
+
The initial values in a generic for loop,
+for instance for k in e1, e2, e3 do ... end (see §3.3.5).
+
+
+In the last four cases,
+the list of values from the list of expressions
+must be adjusted to a specific length:
+the number of parameters in a call to a non-variadic function
+(see §3.4.11),
+the number of variables in a multiple assignment or
+a local declaration,
+and exactly four values for a generic for loop.
+The adjustment follows these rules:
+If there are more values than needed,
+the extra values are thrown away;
+if there are fewer values than needed,
+the list is extended with nil's.
+When the list of expressions ends with a multires expression,
+all results from that expression enter the list of values
+before the adjustment.
+
+
+
+When a multires expression is used
+in a list of expressions without being the last element,
+or in a place where the syntax expects a single expression,
+Lua adjusts the result list of that expression to one element.
+As a particular case,
+the syntax expects a single expression inside a parenthesized expression;
+therefore, adding parentheses around a multires expression
+forces it to produce exactly one result.
+
+
+
+We seldom need to use a vararg expression in a place
+where the syntax expects a single expression.
+(Usually it is simpler to add a regular parameter before
+the variadic part and use that parameter.)
+When there is such a need,
+we recommend assigning the vararg expression
+to a single variable and using that variable
+in its place.
+
+
+
+Here are some examples of uses of mutlres expressions.
+In all cases, when the construction needs
+"the n-th result" and there is no such result,
+it uses a nil.
+
+
+ print(x, f()) -- prints x and all results from f().
+ print(x, (f())) -- prints x and the first result from f().
+ print(f(), x) -- prints the first result from f() and x.
+ print(1 + f()) -- prints 1 added to the first result from f().
+ local x = ... -- x gets the first vararg argument.
+ x,y = ... -- x gets the first vararg argument,
+ -- y gets the second vararg argument.
+ x,y,z = w, f() -- x gets w, y gets the first result from f(),
+ -- z gets the second result from f().
+ x,y,z = f() -- x gets the first result from f(),
+ -- y gets the second result from f(),
+ -- z gets the third result from f().
+ x,y,z = f(), g() -- x gets the first result from f(),
+ -- y gets the first result from g(),
+ -- z gets the second result from g().
+ x,y,z = (f()) -- x gets the first result from f(), y and z get nil.
+ return f() -- returns all results from f().
+ return x, ... -- returns x and all received vararg arguments.
+ return x,y,f() -- returns x, y, and all results from f().
+ {f()} -- creates a list with all results from f().
+ {...} -- creates a list with all vararg arguments.
+ {f(), 5} -- creates a list with the first result from f() and 5.
+
+
+Lua is a lexically scoped language.
+The scope of a local variable begins at the first statement after
+its declaration and lasts until the last non-void statement
+of the innermost block that includes the declaration.
+(Void statements are labels and empty statements.)
+Consider the following example:
+
+
+ x = 10 -- global variable
+ do -- new block
+ local x = x -- new 'x', with value 10
+ print(x) --> 10
+ x = x+1
+ do -- another block
+ local x = x+1 -- another 'x'
+ print(x) --> 12
+ end
+ print(x) --> 11
+ end
+ print(x) --> 10 (the global one)
+
+
+
+Notice that, in a declaration like local x = x,
+the new x being declared is not in scope yet,
+and so the second x refers to the outside variable.
+
+
+
+Because of the lexical scoping rules,
+local variables can be freely accessed by functions
+defined inside their scope.
+A local variable used by an inner function is called an upvalue
+(or external local variable, or simply external variable)
+inside the inner function.
+
+
+
+Notice that each execution of a local statement
+defines new local variables.
+Consider the following example:
+
+
+ a = {}
+ local x = 20
+ for i = 1, 10 do
+ local y = 0
+ a[i] = function () y = y + 1; return x + y end
+ end
+
+The loop creates ten closures
+(that is, ten instances of the anonymous function).
+Each of these closures uses a different y variable,
+while all of them share the same x.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+This section describes the C API for Lua, that is,
+the set of C functions available to the host program to communicate
+with Lua.
+All API functions and related types and constants
+are declared in the header file lua.h.
+
+
+
+Even when we use the term "function",
+any facility in the API may be provided as a macro instead.
+Except where stated otherwise,
+all such macros use each of their arguments exactly once
+(except for the first argument, which is always a Lua state),
+and so do not generate any hidden side-effects.
+
+
+
+As in most C libraries,
+the Lua API functions do not check their arguments
+for validity or consistency.
+However, you can change this behavior by compiling Lua
+with the macro LUA_USE_APICHECK defined.
+
+
+
+The Lua library is fully reentrant:
+it has no global variables.
+It keeps all information it needs in a dynamic structure,
+called the Lua state.
+
+
+
+Each Lua state has one or more threads,
+which correspond to independent, cooperative lines of execution.
+The type lua_State (despite its name) refers to a thread.
+(Indirectly, through the thread, it also refers to the
+Lua state associated to the thread.)
+
+
+
+A pointer to a thread must be passed as the first argument to
+every function in the library, except to lua_newstate,
+which creates a Lua state from scratch and returns a pointer
+to the main thread in the new state.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Lua uses a virtual stack to pass values to and from C.
+Each element in this stack represents a Lua value
+(nil, number, string, etc.).
+Functions in the API can access this stack through the
+Lua state parameter that they receive.
+
+
+
+Whenever Lua calls C, the called function gets a new stack,
+which is independent of previous stacks and of stacks of
+C functions that are still active.
+This stack initially contains any arguments to the C function
+and it is where the C function can store temporary
+Lua values and must push its results
+to be returned to the caller (see lua_CFunction).
+
+
+
+For convenience,
+most query operations in the API do not follow a strict stack discipline.
+Instead, they can refer to any element in the stack
+by using an index:
+A positive index represents an absolute stack position,
+starting at 1 as the bottom of the stack;
+a negative index represents an offset relative to the top of the stack.
+More specifically, if the stack has n elements,
+then index 1 represents the first element
+(that is, the element that was pushed onto the stack first)
+and
+index n represents the last element;
+index -1 also represents the last element
+(that is, the element at the top)
+and index -n represents the first element.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+When you interact with the Lua API,
+you are responsible for ensuring consistency.
+In particular,
+you are responsible for controlling stack overflow.
+When you call any API function,
+you must ensure the stack has enough room to accommodate the results.
+
+
+
+There is one exception to the above rule:
+When you call a Lua function
+without a fixed number of results (see lua_call),
+Lua ensures that the stack has enough space for all results.
+However, it does not ensure any extra space.
+So, before pushing anything on the stack after such a call
+you should use lua_checkstack.
+
+
+
+Whenever Lua calls C,
+it ensures that the stack has space for
+at least LUA_MINSTACK extra elements;
+that is, you can safely push up to LUA_MINSTACK values into it.
+LUA_MINSTACK is defined as 20,
+so that usually you do not have to worry about stack space
+unless your code has loops pushing elements onto the stack.
+Whenever necessary,
+you can use the function lua_checkstack
+to ensure that the stack has enough space for pushing new elements.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Any function in the API that receives stack indices
+works only with valid indices or acceptable indices.
+
+
+
+A valid index is an index that refers to a
+position that stores a modifiable Lua value.
+It comprises stack indices between 1 and the stack top
+(1 ≤ abs(index) ≤ top)
+
+plus pseudo-indices,
+which represent some positions that are accessible to C code
+but that are not in the stack.
+Pseudo-indices are used to access the registry (see §4.3)
+and the upvalues of a C function (see §4.2).
+
+
+
+Functions that do not need a specific mutable position,
+but only a value (e.g., query functions),
+can be called with acceptable indices.
+An acceptable index can be any valid index,
+but it also can be any positive index after the stack top
+within the space allocated for the stack,
+that is, indices up to the stack size.
+(Note that 0 is never an acceptable index.)
+Indices to upvalues (see §4.2) greater than the real number
+of upvalues in the current C function are also acceptable (but invalid).
+Except when noted otherwise,
+functions in the API work with acceptable indices.
+
+
+
+Acceptable indices serve to avoid extra tests
+against the stack top when querying the stack.
+For instance, a C function can query its third argument
+without the need to check whether there is a third argument,
+that is, without the need to check whether 3 is a valid index.
+
+
+
+For functions that can be called with acceptable indices,
+any non-valid index is treated as if it
+contains a value of a virtual type LUA_TNONE,
+which behaves like a nil value.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+In general,
+Lua's garbage collection can free or move internal memory
+and then invalidate pointers to internal strings.
+To allow a safe use of these pointers,
+the API guarantees that any pointer to a string in a stack index
+is valid while the string value at that index is not removed from the stack.
+(It can be moved to another index, though.)
+When the index is a pseudo-index (referring to an upvalue),
+the pointer is valid while the corresponding call is active and
+the corresponding upvalue is not modified.
+
+
+
+Some functions in the debug interface
+also return pointers to strings,
+namely lua_getlocal, lua_getupvalue,
+lua_setlocal, and lua_setupvalue.
+For these functions, the pointer is guaranteed to
+be valid while the caller function is active and
+the given closure (if one was given) is in the stack.
+
+
+
+Except for these guarantees,
+the garbage collector is free to invalidate
+any pointer to internal strings.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+When a C function is created,
+it is possible to associate some values with it,
+thus creating a C closure
+(see lua_pushcclosure);
+these values are called upvalues and are
+accessible to the function whenever it is called.
+
+
+
+Whenever a C function is called,
+its upvalues are located at specific pseudo-indices.
+These pseudo-indices are produced by the macro
+lua_upvalueindex.
+The first upvalue associated with a function is at index
+lua_upvalueindex(1), and so on.
+Any access to lua_upvalueindex(n),
+where n is greater than the number of upvalues of the
+current function
+(but not greater than 256,
+which is one plus the maximum number of upvalues in a closure),
+produces an acceptable but invalid index.
+
+
+
+A C closure can also change the values
+of its corresponding upvalues.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Lua provides a registry,
+a predefined table that can be used by any C code to
+store whatever Lua values it needs to store.
+The registry table is always accessible at pseudo-index
+LUA_REGISTRYINDEX.
+Any C library can store data into this table,
+but it must take care to choose keys
+that are different from those used
+by other libraries, to avoid collisions.
+Typically, you should use as key a string containing your library name,
+or a light userdata with the address of a C object in your code,
+or any Lua object created by your code.
+As with variable names,
+string keys starting with an underscore followed by
+uppercase letters are reserved for Lua.
+
+
+
+The integer keys in the registry are used
+by the reference mechanism (see luaL_ref)
+and by some predefined values.
+Therefore, integer keys in the registry
+must not be used for other purposes.
+
+
+
+When you create a new Lua state,
+its registry comes with some predefined values.
+These predefined values are indexed with integer keys
+defined as constants in lua.h.
+The following constants are defined:
+
+
+
LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD: At this index the registry has
+the main thread of the state.
+(The main thread is the one created together with the state.)
+
+
+
LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS: At this index the registry has
+the global environment.
+
+Internally, Lua uses the C longjmp facility to handle errors.
+(Lua will use exceptions if you compile it as C++;
+search for LUAI_THROW in the source code for details.)
+When Lua faces any error,
+such as a memory allocation error or a type error,
+it raises an error;
+that is, it does a long jump.
+A protected environment uses setjmp
+to set a recovery point;
+any error jumps to the most recent active recovery point.
+
+
+
+Inside a C function you can raise an error explicitly
+by calling lua_error.
+
+
+
+Most functions in the API can raise an error,
+for instance due to a memory allocation error.
+The documentation for each function indicates whether
+it can raise errors.
+
+
+
+If an error happens outside any protected environment,
+Lua calls a panic function (see lua_atpanic)
+and then calls abort,
+thus exiting the host application.
+Your panic function can avoid this exit by
+never returning
+(e.g., doing a long jump to your own recovery point outside Lua).
+
+
+
+The panic function,
+as its name implies,
+is a mechanism of last resort.
+Programs should avoid it.
+As a general rule,
+when a C function is called by Lua with a Lua state,
+it can do whatever it wants on that Lua state,
+as it should be already protected.
+However,
+when C code operates on other Lua states
+(e.g., a Lua-state argument to the function,
+a Lua state stored in the registry, or
+the result of lua_newthread),
+it should use them only in API calls that cannot raise errors.
+
+
+
+The panic function runs as if it were a message handler (see §2.3);
+in particular, the error object is on the top of the stack.
+However, there is no guarantee about stack space.
+To push anything on the stack,
+the panic function must first check the available space (see §4.1.1).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Internally, Lua uses the C longjmp facility to yield a coroutine.
+Therefore, if a C function foo calls an API function
+and this API function yields
+(directly or indirectly by calling another function that yields),
+Lua cannot return to foo any more,
+because the longjmp removes its frame from the C stack.
+
+
+
+To avoid this kind of problem,
+Lua raises an error whenever it tries to yield across an API call,
+except for three functions:
+lua_yieldk, lua_callk, and lua_pcallk.
+All those functions receive a continuation function
+(as a parameter named k) to continue execution after a yield.
+
+
+
+We need to set some terminology to explain continuations.
+We have a C function called from Lua which we will call
+the original function.
+This original function then calls one of those three functions in the C API,
+which we will call the callee function,
+that then yields the current thread.
+This can happen when the callee function is lua_yieldk,
+or when the callee function is either lua_callk or lua_pcallk
+and the function called by them yields.
+
+
+
+Suppose the running thread yields while executing the callee function.
+After the thread resumes,
+it eventually will finish running the callee function.
+However,
+the callee function cannot return to the original function,
+because its frame in the C stack was destroyed by the yield.
+Instead, Lua calls a continuation function,
+which was given as an argument to the callee function.
+As the name implies,
+the continuation function should continue the task
+of the original function.
+
+
+
+As an illustration, consider the following function:
+
+
+ int original_function (lua_State *L) {
+ ... /* code 1 */
+ status = lua_pcall(L, n, m, h); /* calls Lua */
+ ... /* code 2 */
+ }
+
+Now we want to allow
+the Lua code being run by lua_pcall to yield.
+First, we can rewrite our function like here:
+
+
+ int k (lua_State *L, int status, lua_KContext ctx) {
+ ... /* code 2 */
+ }
+
+ int original_function (lua_State *L) {
+ ... /* code 1 */
+ return k(L, lua_pcall(L, n, m, h), ctx);
+ }
+
+In the above code,
+the new function k is a
+continuation function (with type lua_KFunction),
+which should do all the work that the original function
+was doing after calling lua_pcall.
+Now, we must inform Lua that it must call k if the Lua code
+being executed by lua_pcall gets interrupted in some way
+(errors or yielding),
+so we rewrite the code as here,
+replacing lua_pcall by lua_pcallk:
+
+
+ int original_function (lua_State *L) {
+ ... /* code 1 */
+ return k(L, lua_pcallk(L, n, m, h, ctx2, k), ctx1);
+ }
+
+Note the external, explicit call to the continuation:
+Lua will call the continuation only if needed, that is,
+in case of errors or resuming after a yield.
+If the called function returns normally without ever yielding,
+lua_pcallk (and lua_callk) will also return normally.
+(Of course, instead of calling the continuation in that case,
+you can do the equivalent work directly inside the original function.)
+
+
+
+Besides the Lua state,
+the continuation function has two other parameters:
+the final status of the call and the context value (ctx) that
+was passed originally to lua_pcallk.
+Lua does not use this context value;
+it only passes this value from the original function to the
+continuation function.
+For lua_pcallk,
+the status is the same value that would be returned by lua_pcallk,
+except that it is LUA_YIELD when being executed after a yield
+(instead of LUA_OK).
+For lua_yieldk and lua_callk,
+the status is always LUA_YIELD when Lua calls the continuation.
+(For these two functions,
+Lua will not call the continuation in case of errors,
+because they do not handle errors.)
+Similarly, when using lua_callk,
+you should call the continuation function
+with LUA_OK as the status.
+(For lua_yieldk, there is not much point in calling
+directly the continuation function,
+because lua_yieldk usually does not return.)
+
+
+
+Lua treats the continuation function as if it were the original function.
+The continuation function receives the same Lua stack
+from the original function,
+in the same state it would be if the callee function had returned.
+(For instance,
+after a lua_callk the function and its arguments are
+removed from the stack and replaced by the results from the call.)
+It also has the same upvalues.
+Whatever it returns is handled by Lua as if it were the return
+of the original function.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Here we list all functions and types from the C API in
+alphabetical order.
+Each function has an indicator like this:
+[-o, +p, x]
+
+
+
+The first field, o,
+is how many elements the function pops from the stack.
+The second field, p,
+is how many elements the function pushes onto the stack.
+(Any function always pushes its results after popping its arguments.)
+A field in the form x|y means the function can push (or pop)
+x or y elements,
+depending on the situation;
+an interrogation mark '?' means that
+we cannot know how many elements the function pops/pushes
+by looking only at its arguments.
+(For instance, they may depend on what is in the stack.)
+The third field, x,
+tells whether the function may raise errors:
+'-' means the function never raises any error;
+'m' means the function may raise only out-of-memory errors;
+'v' means the function may raise the errors explained in the text;
+'e' means the function can run arbitrary Lua code,
+either directly or through metamethods,
+and therefore may raise any errors.
+
+
+
+
+The type of the memory-allocation function used by Lua states.
+The allocator function must provide a
+functionality similar to realloc,
+but not exactly the same.
+Its arguments are
+ud, an opaque pointer passed to lua_newstate;
+ptr, a pointer to the block being allocated/reallocated/freed;
+osize, the original size of the block or some code about what
+is being allocated;
+and nsize, the new size of the block.
+
+
+
+When ptr is not NULL,
+osize is the size of the block pointed by ptr,
+that is, the size given when it was allocated or reallocated.
+
+
+
+When ptr is NULL,
+osize encodes the kind of object that Lua is allocating.
+osize is any of
+LUA_TSTRING, LUA_TTABLE, LUA_TFUNCTION,
+LUA_TUSERDATA, or LUA_TTHREAD when (and only when)
+Lua is creating a new object of that type.
+When osize is some other value,
+Lua is allocating memory for something else.
+
+
+
+Lua assumes the following behavior from the allocator function:
+
+
+
+When nsize is zero,
+the allocator must behave like free
+and then return NULL.
+
+
+
+When nsize is not zero,
+the allocator must behave like realloc.
+In particular, the allocator returns NULL
+if and only if it cannot fulfill the request.
+
+
+
+Here is a simple implementation for the allocator function.
+It is used in the auxiliary library by luaL_newstate.
+
+
+Performs an arithmetic or bitwise operation over the two values
+(or one, in the case of negations)
+at the top of the stack,
+with the value on the top being the second operand,
+pops these values, and pushes the result of the operation.
+The function follows the semantics of the corresponding Lua operator
+(that is, it may call metamethods).
+
+
+
+The value of op must be one of the following constants:
+
+
void lua_call (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults);
+
+
+Calls a function.
+Like regular Lua calls,
+lua_call respects the __call metamethod.
+So, here the word "function"
+means any callable value.
+
+
+
+To do a call you must use the following protocol:
+first, the function to be called is pushed onto the stack;
+then, the arguments to the call are pushed
+in direct order;
+that is, the first argument is pushed first.
+Finally you call lua_call;
+nargs is the number of arguments that you pushed onto the stack.
+When the function returns,
+all arguments and the function value are popped
+and the call results are pushed onto the stack.
+The number of results is adjusted to nresults,
+unless nresults is LUA_MULTRET.
+In this case, all results from the function are pushed;
+Lua takes care that the returned values fit into the stack space,
+but it does not ensure any extra space in the stack.
+The function results are pushed onto the stack in direct order
+(the first result is pushed first),
+so that after the call the last result is on the top of the stack.
+
+
+
+Any error while calling and running the function is propagated upwards
+(with a longjmp).
+
+
+
+The following example shows how the host program can do the
+equivalent to this Lua code:
+
+
+ a = f("how", t.x, 14)
+
+Here it is in C:
+
+
+ lua_getglobal(L, "f"); /* function to be called */
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "how"); /* 1st argument */
+ lua_getglobal(L, "t"); /* table to be indexed */
+ lua_getfield(L, -1, "x"); /* push result of t.x (2nd arg) */
+ lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove 't' from the stack */
+ lua_pushinteger(L, 14); /* 3rd argument */
+ lua_call(L, 3, 1); /* call 'f' with 3 arguments and 1 result */
+ lua_setglobal(L, "a"); /* set global 'a' */
+
+Note that the code above is balanced:
+at its end, the stack is back to its original configuration.
+This is considered good programming practice.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+In order to communicate properly with Lua,
+a C function must use the following protocol,
+which defines the way parameters and results are passed:
+a C function receives its arguments from Lua in its stack
+in direct order (the first argument is pushed first).
+So, when the function starts,
+lua_gettop(L) returns the number of arguments received by the function.
+The first argument (if any) is at index 1
+and its last argument is at index lua_gettop(L).
+To return values to Lua, a C function just pushes them onto the stack,
+in direct order (the first result is pushed first),
+and returns in C the number of results.
+Any other value in the stack below the results will be properly
+discarded by Lua.
+Like a Lua function, a C function called by Lua can also return
+many results.
+
+
+
+As an example, the following function receives a variable number
+of numeric arguments and returns their average and their sum:
+
+
+ static int foo (lua_State *L) {
+ int n = lua_gettop(L); /* number of arguments */
+ lua_Number sum = 0.0;
+ int i;
+ for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+ if (!lua_isnumber(L, i)) {
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "incorrect argument");
+ lua_error(L);
+ }
+ sum += lua_tonumber(L, i);
+ }
+ lua_pushnumber(L, sum/n); /* first result */
+ lua_pushnumber(L, sum); /* second result */
+ return 2; /* number of results */
+ }
+
+Ensures that the stack has space for at least n extra elements,
+that is, that you can safely push up to n values into it.
+It returns false if it cannot fulfill the request,
+either because it would cause the stack
+to be greater than a fixed maximum size
+(typically at least several thousand elements) or
+because it cannot allocate memory for the extra space.
+This function never shrinks the stack;
+if the stack already has space for the extra elements,
+it is left unchanged.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Close all active to-be-closed variables in the main thread,
+release all objects in the given Lua state
+(calling the corresponding garbage-collection metamethods, if any),
+and frees all dynamic memory used by this state.
+
+
+
+On several platforms, you may not need to call this function,
+because all resources are naturally released when the host program ends.
+On the other hand, long-running programs that create multiple states,
+such as daemons or web servers,
+will probably need to close states as soon as they are not needed.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Close the to-be-closed slot at the given index and set its value to nil.
+The index must be the last index previously marked to be closed
+(see lua_toclose) that is still active (that is, not closed yet).
+
+
+
+A __close metamethod cannot yield
+when called through this function.
+
+
+
+(This function was introduced in release 5.4.3.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
int lua_compare (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2, int op);
+
+
+Compares two Lua values.
+Returns 1 if the value at index index1 satisfies op
+when compared with the value at index index2,
+following the semantics of the corresponding Lua operator
+(that is, it may call metamethods).
+Otherwise returns 0.
+Also returns 0 if any of the indices is not valid.
+
+
+
+The value of op must be one of the following constants:
+
+
+Concatenates the n values at the top of the stack,
+pops them, and leaves the result on the top.
+If n is 1, the result is the single value on the stack
+(that is, the function does nothing);
+if n is 0, the result is the empty string.
+Concatenation is performed following the usual semantics of Lua
+(see §3.4.6).
+
+
+
+
+
+
void lua_copy (lua_State *L, int fromidx, int toidx);
+
+
+Copies the element at index fromidx
+into the valid index toidx,
+replacing the value at that position.
+Values at other positions are not affected.
+
+
+
+
+
+
void lua_createtable (lua_State *L, int narr, int nrec);
+
+
+Creates a new empty table and pushes it onto the stack.
+Parameter narr is a hint for how many elements the table
+will have as a sequence;
+parameter nrec is a hint for how many other elements
+the table will have.
+Lua may use these hints to preallocate memory for the new table.
+This preallocation may help performance when you know in advance
+how many elements the table will have.
+Otherwise you can use the function lua_newtable.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int lua_dump (lua_State *L,
+ lua_Writer writer,
+ void *data,
+ int strip);
+
+
+Dumps a function as a binary chunk.
+Receives a Lua function on the top of the stack
+and produces a binary chunk that,
+if loaded again,
+results in a function equivalent to the one dumped.
+As it produces parts of the chunk,
+lua_dump calls function writer (see lua_Writer)
+with the given data
+to write them.
+
+
+
+If strip is true,
+the binary representation may not include all debug information
+about the function,
+to save space.
+
+
+
+The value returned is the error code returned by the last
+call to the writer;
+0 means no errors.
+
+
+
+This function does not pop the Lua function from the stack.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Raises a Lua error,
+using the value on the top of the stack as the error object.
+This function does a long jump,
+and therefore never returns
+(see luaL_error).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+This function performs several tasks,
+according to the value of the parameter what.
+For options that need extra arguments,
+they are listed after the option.
+
+
+
+
LUA_GCCOLLECT:
+Performs a full garbage-collection cycle.
+
+
+
LUA_GCSTOP:
+Stops the garbage collector.
+
+
+
LUA_GCRESTART:
+Restarts the garbage collector.
+
+
+
LUA_GCCOUNT:
+Returns the current amount of memory (in Kbytes) in use by Lua.
+
+
+
LUA_GCCOUNTB:
+Returns the remainder of dividing the current amount of bytes of
+memory in use by Lua by 1024.
+
+
+
LUA_GCSTEP(int stepsize):
+Performs an incremental step of garbage collection,
+corresponding to the allocation of stepsize Kbytes.
+
+
+
LUA_GCISRUNNING:
+Returns a boolean that tells whether the collector is running
+(i.e., not stopped).
+
+
+
LUA_GCINC (int pause, int stepmul, stepsize):
+Changes the collector to incremental mode
+with the given parameters (see §2.5.1).
+Returns the previous mode (LUA_GCGEN or LUA_GCINC).
+
+
+
LUA_GCGEN (int minormul, int majormul):
+Changes the collector to generational mode
+with the given parameters (see §2.5.2).
+Returns the previous mode (LUA_GCGEN or LUA_GCINC).
+
+
+
+For more details about these options,
+see collectgarbage.
+
+
+
+This function should not be called by a finalizer.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns the memory-allocation function of a given state.
+If ud is not NULL, Lua stores in *ud the
+opaque pointer given when the memory-allocator function was set.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int lua_getfield (lua_State *L, int index, const char *k);
+
+
+Pushes onto the stack the value t[k],
+where t is the value at the given index.
+As in Lua, this function may trigger a metamethod
+for the "index" event (see §2.4).
+
+
+
+Returns the type of the pushed value.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns a pointer to a raw memory area associated with the
+given Lua state.
+The application can use this area for any purpose;
+Lua does not use it for anything.
+
+
+
+Each new thread has this area initialized with a copy
+of the area of the main thread.
+
+
+
+By default, this area has the size of a pointer to void,
+but you can recompile Lua with a different size for this area.
+(See LUA_EXTRASPACE in luaconf.h.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
int lua_geti (lua_State *L, int index, lua_Integer i);
+
+
+Pushes onto the stack the value t[i],
+where t is the value at the given index.
+As in Lua, this function may trigger a metamethod
+for the "index" event (see §2.4).
+
+
+
+Returns the type of the pushed value.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+If the value at the given index has a metatable,
+the function pushes that metatable onto the stack and returns 1.
+Otherwise,
+the function returns 0 and pushes nothing on the stack.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Pushes onto the stack the value t[k],
+where t is the value at the given index
+and k is the value on the top of the stack.
+
+
+
+This function pops the key from the stack,
+pushing the resulting value in its place.
+As in Lua, this function may trigger a metamethod
+for the "index" event (see §2.4).
+
+
+
+Returns the type of the pushed value.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns the index of the top element in the stack.
+Because indices start at 1,
+this result is equal to the number of elements in the stack;
+in particular, 0 means an empty stack.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Moves the top element into the given valid index,
+shifting up the elements above this index to open space.
+This function cannot be called with a pseudo-index,
+because a pseudo-index is not an actual stack position.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+By default this type is long long,
+(usually a 64-bit two-complement integer),
+but that can be changed to long or int
+(usually a 32-bit two-complement integer).
+(See LUA_INT_TYPE in luaconf.h.)
+
+
+
+Lua also defines the constants
+LUA_MININTEGER and LUA_MAXINTEGER,
+with the minimum and the maximum values that fit in this type.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns 1 if the value at the given index is an integer
+(that is, the value is a number and is represented as an integer),
+and 0 otherwise.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+The type for continuation-function contexts.
+It must be a numeric type.
+This type is defined as intptr_t
+when intptr_t is available,
+so that it can store pointers too.
+Otherwise, it is defined as ptrdiff_t.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns the length of the value at the given index.
+It is equivalent to the '#' operator in Lua (see §3.4.7) and
+may trigger a metamethod for the "length" event (see §2.4).
+The result is pushed on the stack.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Loads a Lua chunk without running it.
+If there are no errors,
+lua_load pushes the compiled chunk as a Lua
+function on top of the stack.
+Otherwise, it pushes an error message.
+
+
+
+The lua_load function uses a user-supplied reader function
+to read the chunk (see lua_Reader).
+The data argument is an opaque value passed to the reader function.
+
+
+
+The chunkname argument gives a name to the chunk,
+which is used for error messages and in debug information (see §4.7).
+
+
+
+lua_load automatically detects whether the chunk is text or binary
+and loads it accordingly (see program luac).
+The string mode works as in function load,
+with the addition that
+a NULL value is equivalent to the string "bt".
+
+
+
+lua_load uses the stack internally,
+so the reader function must always leave the stack
+unmodified when returning.
+
+
+
+lua_load can return
+LUA_OK, LUA_ERRSYNTAX, or LUA_ERRMEM.
+The function may also return other values corresponding to
+errors raised by the read function (see §4.4.1).
+
+
+
+If the resulting function has upvalues,
+its first upvalue is set to the value of the global environment
+stored at index LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS in the registry (see §4.3).
+When loading main chunks,
+this upvalue will be the _ENV variable (see §2.2).
+Other upvalues are initialized with nil.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Creates a new independent state and returns its main thread.
+Returns NULL if it cannot create the state
+(due to lack of memory).
+The argument f is the allocator function;
+Lua will do all memory allocation for this state
+through this function (see lua_Alloc).
+The second argument, ud, is an opaque pointer that Lua
+passes to the allocator in every call.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Creates a new thread, pushes it on the stack,
+and returns a pointer to a lua_State that represents this new thread.
+The new thread returned by this function shares with the original thread
+its global environment,
+but has an independent execution stack.
+
+
+
+Threads are subject to garbage collection,
+like any Lua object.
+
+
+
+
+
+
void *lua_newuserdatauv (lua_State *L, size_t size, int nuvalue);
+
+
+This function creates and pushes on the stack a new full userdata,
+with nuvalue associated Lua values, called user values,
+plus an associated block of raw memory with size bytes.
+(The user values can be set and read with the functions
+lua_setiuservalue and lua_getiuservalue.)
+
+
+
+The function returns the address of the block of memory.
+Lua ensures that this address is valid as long as
+the corresponding userdata is alive (see §2.5).
+Moreover, if the userdata is marked for finalization (see §2.5.3),
+its address is valid at least until the call to its finalizer.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Pops a key from the stack,
+and pushes a key–value pair from the table at the given index,
+the "next" pair after the given key.
+If there are no more elements in the table,
+then lua_next returns 0 and pushes nothing.
+
+
+
+A typical table traversal looks like this:
+
+
+ /* table is in the stack at index 't' */
+ lua_pushnil(L); /* first key */
+ while (lua_next(L, t) != 0) {
+ /* uses 'key' (at index -2) and 'value' (at index -1) */
+ printf("%s - %s\n",
+ lua_typename(L, lua_type(L, -2)),
+ lua_typename(L, lua_type(L, -1)));
+ /* removes 'value'; keeps 'key' for next iteration */
+ lua_pop(L, 1);
+ }
+
+
+
+While traversing a table,
+avoid calling lua_tolstring directly on a key,
+unless you know that the key is actually a string.
+Recall that lua_tolstring may change
+the value at the given index;
+this confuses the next call to lua_next.
+
+
+
+This function may raise an error if the given key
+is neither nil nor present in the table.
+See function next for the caveats of modifying
+the table during its traversal.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int lua_numbertointeger (lua_Number n, lua_Integer *p);
+
+
+Tries to convert a Lua float to a Lua integer;
+the float n must have an integral value.
+If that value is within the range of Lua integers,
+it is converted to an integer and assigned to *p.
+The macro results in a boolean indicating whether the
+conversion was successful.
+(Note that this range test can be tricky to do
+correctly without this macro, due to rounding.)
+
+
+
+This macro may evaluate its arguments more than once.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int lua_pcall (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int msgh);
+
+
+Calls a function (or a callable object) in protected mode.
+
+
+
+Both nargs and nresults have the same meaning as
+in lua_call.
+If there are no errors during the call,
+lua_pcall behaves exactly like lua_call.
+However, if there is any error,
+lua_pcall catches it,
+pushes a single value on the stack (the error object),
+and returns an error code.
+Like lua_call,
+lua_pcall always removes the function
+and its arguments from the stack.
+
+
+
+If msgh is 0,
+then the error object returned on the stack
+is exactly the original error object.
+Otherwise, msgh is the stack index of a
+message handler.
+(This index cannot be a pseudo-index.)
+In case of runtime errors,
+this handler will be called with the error object
+and its return value will be the object
+returned on the stack by lua_pcall.
+
+
+
+Typically, the message handler is used to add more debug
+information to the error object, such as a stack traceback.
+Such information cannot be gathered after the return of lua_pcall,
+since by then the stack has unwound.
+
+
+
void lua_pushcclosure (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction fn, int n);
+
+
+Pushes a new C closure onto the stack.
+This function receives a pointer to a C function
+and pushes onto the stack a Lua value of type function that,
+when called, invokes the corresponding C function.
+The parameter n tells how many upvalues this function will have
+(see §4.2).
+
+
+
+Any function to be callable by Lua must
+follow the correct protocol to receive its parameters
+and return its results (see lua_CFunction).
+
+
+
+When a C function is created,
+it is possible to associate some values with it,
+the so called upvalues;
+these upvalues are then accessible to the function whenever it is called.
+This association is called a C closure (see §4.2).
+To create a C closure,
+first the initial values for its upvalues must be pushed onto the stack.
+(When there are multiple upvalues, the first value is pushed first.)
+Then lua_pushcclosure
+is called to create and push the C function onto the stack,
+with the argument n telling how many values will be
+associated with the function.
+lua_pushcclosure also pops these values from the stack.
+
+
+
+The maximum value for n is 255.
+
+
+
+When n is zero,
+this function creates a light C function,
+which is just a pointer to the C function.
+In that case, it never raises a memory error.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Pushes onto the stack a formatted string
+and returns a pointer to this string (see §4.1.3).
+It is similar to the ISO C function sprintf,
+but has two important differences.
+First,
+you do not have to allocate space for the result;
+the result is a Lua string and Lua takes care of memory allocation
+(and deallocation, through garbage collection).
+Second,
+the conversion specifiers are quite restricted.
+There are no flags, widths, or precisions.
+The conversion specifiers can only be
+'%%' (inserts the character '%'),
+'%s' (inserts a zero-terminated string, with no size restrictions),
+'%f' (inserts a lua_Number),
+'%I' (inserts a lua_Integer),
+'%p' (inserts a pointer),
+'%d' (inserts an int),
+'%c' (inserts an int as a one-byte character), and
+'%U' (inserts a long int as a UTF-8 byte sequence).
+
+
+
+This function may raise errors due to memory overflow
+or an invalid conversion specifier.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Userdata represent C values in Lua.
+A light userdata represents a pointer, a void*.
+It is a value (like a number):
+you do not create it, it has no individual metatable,
+and it is not collected (as it was never created).
+A light userdata is equal to "any"
+light userdata with the same C address.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Pushes the string pointed to by s with size len
+onto the stack.
+Lua will make or reuse an internal copy of the given string,
+so the memory at s can be freed or reused immediately after
+the function returns.
+The string can contain any binary data,
+including embedded zeros.
+
+
+
+Returns a pointer to the internal copy of the string (see §4.1.3).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Pushes the zero-terminated string pointed to by s
+onto the stack.
+Lua will make or reuse an internal copy of the given string,
+so the memory at s can be freed or reused immediately after
+the function returns.
+
+
+
+Returns a pointer to the internal copy of the string (see §4.1.3).
+
+
+
+If s is NULL, pushes nil and returns NULL.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int lua_rawequal (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2);
+
+
+Returns 1 if the two values in indices index1 and
+index2 are primitively equal
+(that is, equal without calling the __eq metamethod).
+Otherwise returns 0.
+Also returns 0 if any of the indices are not valid.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int lua_rawgeti (lua_State *L, int index, lua_Integer n);
+
+
+Pushes onto the stack the value t[n],
+where t is the table at the given index.
+The access is raw,
+that is, it does not use the __index metavalue.
+
+
+
+Returns the type of the pushed value.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int lua_rawgetp (lua_State *L, int index, const void *p);
+
+
+Pushes onto the stack the value t[k],
+where t is the table at the given index and
+k is the pointer p represented as a light userdata.
+The access is raw;
+that is, it does not use the __index metavalue.
+
+
+
+Returns the type of the pushed value.
+
+
+
+
+
+
lua_Unsigned lua_rawlen (lua_State *L, int index);
+
+
+Returns the raw "length" of the value at the given index:
+for strings, this is the string length;
+for tables, this is the result of the length operator ('#')
+with no metamethods;
+for userdata, this is the size of the block of memory allocated
+for the userdata.
+For other values, this call returns 0.
+
+
+
+
+
+
void lua_rawsetp (lua_State *L, int index, const void *p);
+
+
+Does the equivalent of t[p] = v,
+where t is the table at the given index,
+p is encoded as a light userdata,
+and v is the value on the top of the stack.
+
+
+
+This function pops the value from the stack.
+The assignment is raw,
+that is, it does not use the __newindex metavalue.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+The reader function used by lua_load.
+Every time lua_load needs another piece of the chunk,
+it calls the reader,
+passing along its data parameter.
+The reader must return a pointer to a block of memory
+with a new piece of the chunk
+and set size to the block size.
+The block must exist until the reader function is called again.
+To signal the end of the chunk,
+the reader must return NULL or set size to zero.
+The reader function may return pieces of any size greater than zero.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Removes the element at the given valid index,
+shifting down the elements above this index to fill the gap.
+This function cannot be called with a pseudo-index,
+because a pseudo-index is not an actual stack position.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Moves the top element into the given valid index
+without shifting any element
+(therefore replacing the value at that given index),
+and then pops the top element.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int lua_resetthread (lua_State *L, lua_State *from);
+
+
+Resets a thread, cleaning its call stack and closing all pending
+to-be-closed variables.
+Returns a status code:
+LUA_OK for no errors in the thread
+(either the original error that stopped the thread or
+errors in closing methods),
+or an error status otherwise.
+In case of error,
+leaves the error object on the top of the stack.
+
+
+
+The parameter from represents the coroutine that is resetting L.
+If there is no such coroutine,
+this parameter can be NULL.
+(This parameter was introduced in release 5.4.5.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
int lua_resume (lua_State *L, lua_State *from, int nargs,
+ int *nresults);
+
+
+Starts and resumes a coroutine in the given thread L.
+
+
+
+To start a coroutine,
+you push the main function plus any arguments
+onto the empty stack of the thread.
+then you call lua_resume,
+with nargs being the number of arguments.
+This call returns when the coroutine suspends or finishes its execution.
+When it returns,
+*nresults is updated and
+the top of the stack contains
+the *nresults values passed to lua_yield
+or returned by the body function.
+lua_resume returns
+LUA_YIELD if the coroutine yields,
+LUA_OK if the coroutine finishes its execution
+without errors,
+or an error code in case of errors (see §4.4.1).
+In case of errors,
+the error object is on the top of the stack.
+
+
+
+To resume a coroutine,
+you remove the *nresults yielded values from its stack,
+push the values to be passed as results from yield,
+and then call lua_resume.
+
+
+
+The parameter from represents the coroutine that is resuming L.
+If there is no such coroutine,
+this parameter can be NULL.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Rotates the stack elements between the valid index idx
+and the top of the stack.
+The elements are rotated n positions in the direction of the top,
+for a positive n,
+or -n positions in the direction of the bottom,
+for a negative n.
+The absolute value of n must not be greater than the size
+of the slice being rotated.
+This function cannot be called with a pseudo-index,
+because a pseudo-index is not an actual stack position.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int lua_setiuservalue (lua_State *L, int index, int n);
+
+
+Pops a value from the stack and sets it as
+the new n-th user value associated to the
+full userdata at the given index.
+Returns 0 if the userdata does not have that value.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Does the equivalent to t[k] = v,
+where t is the value at the given index,
+v is the value on the top of the stack,
+and k is the value just below the top.
+
+
+
+This function pops both the key and the value from the stack.
+As in Lua, this function may trigger a metamethod
+for the "newindex" event (see §2.4).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Accepts any index, or 0,
+and sets the stack top to this index.
+If the new top is greater than the old one,
+then the new elements are filled with nil.
+If index is 0, then all stack elements are removed.
+
+
+
+This function can run arbitrary code when removing an index
+marked as to-be-closed from the stack.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Sets the warning function to be used by Lua to emit warnings
+(see lua_WarnFunction).
+The ud parameter sets the value ud passed to
+the warning function.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+An opaque structure that points to a thread and indirectly
+(through the thread) to the whole state of a Lua interpreter.
+The Lua library is fully reentrant:
+it has no global variables.
+All information about a state is accessible through this structure.
+
+
+
+A pointer to this structure must be passed as the first argument to
+every function in the library, except to lua_newstate,
+which creates a Lua state from scratch.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+The status can be LUA_OK for a normal thread,
+an error code if the thread finished the execution
+of a lua_resume with an error,
+or LUA_YIELD if the thread is suspended.
+
+
+
+You can call functions only in threads with status LUA_OK.
+You can resume threads with status LUA_OK
+(to start a new coroutine) or LUA_YIELD
+(to resume a coroutine).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Converts the zero-terminated string s to a number,
+pushes that number into the stack,
+and returns the total size of the string,
+that is, its length plus one.
+The conversion can result in an integer or a float,
+according to the lexical conventions of Lua (see §3.1).
+The string may have leading and trailing whitespaces and a sign.
+If the string is not a valid numeral,
+returns 0 and pushes nothing.
+(Note that the result can be used as a boolean,
+true if the conversion succeeds.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Converts the Lua value at the given index to a C boolean
+value (0 or 1).
+Like all tests in Lua,
+lua_toboolean returns true for any Lua value
+different from false and nil;
+otherwise it returns false.
+(If you want to accept only actual boolean values,
+use lua_isboolean to test the value's type.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Marks the given index in the stack as a
+to-be-closed slot (see §3.3.8).
+Like a to-be-closed variable in Lua,
+the value at that slot in the stack will be closed
+when it goes out of scope.
+Here, in the context of a C function,
+to go out of scope means that the running function returns to Lua,
+or there is an error,
+or the slot is removed from the stack through
+lua_settop or lua_pop,
+or there is a call to lua_closeslot.
+A slot marked as to-be-closed should not be removed from the stack
+by any other function in the API except lua_settop or lua_pop,
+unless previously deactivated by lua_closeslot.
+
+
+
+This function should not be called for an index
+that is equal to or below an active to-be-closed slot.
+
+
+
+Note that, both in case of errors and of a regular return,
+by the time the __close metamethod runs,
+the C stack was already unwound,
+so that any automatic C variable declared in the calling function
+(e.g., a buffer) will be out of scope.
+
+
+
+
+
+
lua_Integer lua_tointegerx (lua_State *L, int index, int *isnum);
+
+
+Converts the Lua value at the given index
+to the signed integral type lua_Integer.
+The Lua value must be an integer,
+or a number or string convertible to an integer (see §3.4.3);
+otherwise, lua_tointegerx returns 0.
+
+
+
+If isnum is not NULL,
+its referent is assigned a boolean value that
+indicates whether the operation succeeded.
+
+
+
+
+
+
const char *lua_tolstring (lua_State *L, int index, size_t *len);
+
+
+Converts the Lua value at the given index to a C string.
+If len is not NULL,
+it sets *len with the string length.
+The Lua value must be a string or a number;
+otherwise, the function returns NULL.
+If the value is a number,
+then lua_tolstring also
+changes the actual value in the stack to a string.
+(This change confuses lua_next
+when lua_tolstring is applied to keys during a table traversal.)
+
+
+
+lua_tolstring returns a pointer
+to a string inside the Lua state (see §4.1.3).
+This string always has a zero ('\0')
+after its last character (as in C),
+but can contain other zeros in its body.
+
+
+
+
+
+
lua_Number lua_tonumberx (lua_State *L, int index, int *isnum);
+
+
+Converts the Lua value at the given index
+to the C type lua_Number (see lua_Number).
+The Lua value must be a number or a string convertible to a number
+(see §3.4.3);
+otherwise, lua_tonumberx returns 0.
+
+
+
+If isnum is not NULL,
+its referent is assigned a boolean value that
+indicates whether the operation succeeded.
+
+
+
+
+
+
const void *lua_topointer (lua_State *L, int index);
+
+
+Converts the value at the given index to a generic
+C pointer (void*).
+The value can be a userdata, a table, a thread, a string, or a function;
+otherwise, lua_topointer returns NULL.
+Different objects will give different pointers.
+There is no way to convert the pointer back to its original value.
+
+
+
+Typically this function is used only for hashing and debug information.
+
+
+
+
+
+
lua_State *lua_tothread (lua_State *L, int index);
+
+
+Converts the value at the given index to a Lua thread
+(represented as lua_State*).
+This value must be a thread;
+otherwise, the function returns NULL.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+If the value at the given index is a full userdata,
+returns its memory-block address.
+If the value is a light userdata,
+returns its value (a pointer).
+Otherwise, returns NULL.
+
+
+
+
+
+
typedef void (*lua_WarnFunction) (void *ud, const char *msg, int tocont);
+
+
+The type of warning functions, called by Lua to emit warnings.
+The first parameter is an opaque pointer
+set by lua_setwarnf.
+The second parameter is the warning message.
+The third parameter is a boolean that
+indicates whether the message is
+to be continued by the message in the next call.
+
+
+
+See warn for more details about warnings.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+The type of the writer function used by lua_dump.
+Every time lua_dump produces another piece of chunk,
+it calls the writer,
+passing along the buffer to be written (p),
+its size (sz),
+and the ud parameter supplied to lua_dump.
+
+
+
+The writer returns an error code:
+0 means no errors;
+any other value means an error and stops lua_dump from
+calling the writer again.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+This function is equivalent to lua_yieldk,
+but it has no continuation (see §4.5).
+Therefore, when the thread resumes,
+it continues the function that called
+the function calling lua_yield.
+To avoid surprises,
+this function should be called only in a tail call.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int lua_yieldk (lua_State *L,
+ int nresults,
+ lua_KContext ctx,
+ lua_KFunction k);
+
+
+Yields a coroutine (thread).
+
+
+
+When a C function calls lua_yieldk,
+the running coroutine suspends its execution,
+and the call to lua_resume that started this coroutine returns.
+The parameter nresults is the number of values from the stack
+that will be passed as results to lua_resume.
+
+
+
+When the coroutine is resumed again,
+Lua calls the given continuation function k to continue
+the execution of the C function that yielded (see §4.5).
+This continuation function receives the same stack
+from the previous function,
+with the n results removed and
+replaced by the arguments passed to lua_resume.
+Moreover,
+the continuation function receives the value ctx
+that was passed to lua_yieldk.
+
+
+
+Usually, this function does not return;
+when the coroutine eventually resumes,
+it continues executing the continuation function.
+However, there is one special case,
+which is when this function is called
+from inside a line or a count hook (see §4.7).
+In that case, lua_yieldk should be called with no continuation
+(probably in the form of lua_yield) and no results,
+and the hook should return immediately after the call.
+Lua will yield and,
+when the coroutine resumes again,
+it will continue the normal execution
+of the (Lua) function that triggered the hook.
+
+
+
+This function can raise an error if it is called from a thread
+with a pending C call with no continuation function
+(what is called a C-call boundary),
+or it is called from a thread that is not running inside a resume
+(typically the main thread).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Lua has no built-in debugging facilities.
+Instead, it offers a special interface
+by means of functions and hooks.
+This interface allows the construction of different
+kinds of debuggers, profilers, and other tools
+that need "inside information" from the interpreter.
+
+
+
+
typedef struct lua_Debug {
+ int event;
+ const char *name; /* (n) */
+ const char *namewhat; /* (n) */
+ const char *what; /* (S) */
+ const char *source; /* (S) */
+ size_t srclen; /* (S) */
+ int currentline; /* (l) */
+ int linedefined; /* (S) */
+ int lastlinedefined; /* (S) */
+ unsigned char nups; /* (u) number of upvalues */
+ unsigned char nparams; /* (u) number of parameters */
+ char isvararg; /* (u) */
+ char istailcall; /* (t) */
+ unsigned short ftransfer; /* (r) index of first value transferred */
+ unsigned short ntransfer; /* (r) number of transferred values */
+ char short_src[LUA_IDSIZE]; /* (S) */
+ /* private part */
+ other fields
+} lua_Debug;
+
+
+A structure used to carry different pieces of
+information about a function or an activation record.
+lua_getstack fills only the private part
+of this structure, for later use.
+To fill the other fields of lua_Debug with useful information,
+you must call lua_getinfo with an appropriate parameter.
+(Specifically, to get a field,
+you must add the letter between parentheses in the field's comment
+to the parameter what of lua_getinfo.)
+
+
+
+The fields of lua_Debug have the following meaning:
+
+
+
+
source:
+the source of the chunk that created the function.
+If source starts with a '@',
+it means that the function was defined in a file where
+the file name follows the '@'.
+If source starts with a '=',
+the remainder of its contents describes the source in a user-dependent manner.
+Otherwise,
+the function was defined in a string where
+source is that string.
+
+
+
srclen:
+The length of the string source.
+
+
+
short_src:
+a "printable" version of source, to be used in error messages.
+
+
+
linedefined:
+the line number where the definition of the function starts.
+
+
+
lastlinedefined:
+the line number where the definition of the function ends.
+
+
+
what:
+the string "Lua" if the function is a Lua function,
+"C" if it is a C function,
+"main" if it is the main part of a chunk.
+
+
+
currentline:
+the current line where the given function is executing.
+When no line information is available,
+currentline is set to -1.
+
+
+
name:
+a reasonable name for the given function.
+Because functions in Lua are first-class values,
+they do not have a fixed name:
+some functions can be the value of multiple global variables,
+while others can be stored only in a table field.
+The lua_getinfo function checks how the function was
+called to find a suitable name.
+If it cannot find a name,
+then name is set to NULL.
+
+
+
namewhat:
+explains the name field.
+The value of namewhat can be
+"global", "local", "method",
+"field", "upvalue", or "" (the empty string),
+according to how the function was called.
+(Lua uses the empty string when no other option seems to apply.)
+
+
+
istailcall:
+true if this function invocation was called by a tail call.
+In this case, the caller of this level is not in the stack.
+
+
+
nups:
+the number of upvalues of the function.
+
+
+
nparams:
+the number of parameters of the function
+(always 0 for C functions).
+
+
+
isvararg:
+true if the function is a variadic function
+(always true for C functions).
+
+
+
ftransfer:
+the index in the stack of the first value being "transferred",
+that is, parameters in a call or return values in a return.
+(The other values are in consecutive indices.)
+Using this index, you can access and modify these values
+through lua_getlocal and lua_setlocal.
+This field is only meaningful during a
+call hook, denoting the first parameter,
+or a return hook, denoting the first value being returned.
+(For call hooks, this value is always 1.)
+
+
+
ntransfer:
+The number of values being transferred (see previous item).
+(For calls of Lua functions,
+this value is always equal to nparams.)
+
int lua_getinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar);
+
+
+Gets information about a specific function or function invocation.
+
+
+
+To get information about a function invocation,
+the parameter ar must be a valid activation record that was
+filled by a previous call to lua_getstack or
+given as argument to a hook (see lua_Hook).
+
+
+
+To get information about a function, you push it onto the stack
+and start the what string with the character '>'.
+(In that case,
+lua_getinfo pops the function from the top of the stack.)
+For instance, to know in which line a function f was defined,
+you can write the following code:
+
+
+ lua_Debug ar;
+ lua_getglobal(L, "f"); /* get global 'f' */
+ lua_getinfo(L, ">S", &ar);
+ printf("%d\n", ar.linedefined);
+
+
+
+Each character in the string what
+selects some fields of the structure ar to be filled or
+a value to be pushed on the stack.
+(These characters are also documented in the declaration of
+the structure lua_Debug,
+between parentheses in the comments following each field.)
+
+
+
+
'f':
+pushes onto the stack the function that is
+running at the given level;
+
+
+
'l': fills in the field currentline;
+
+
+
'n': fills in the fields name and namewhat;
+
+
+
'r': fills in the fields ftransfer and ntransfer;
+
+
+
'S':
+fills in the fields source, short_src,
+linedefined, lastlinedefined, and what;
+
+
+
't': fills in the field istailcall;
+
+
+
'u': fills in the fields
+nups, nparams, and isvararg;
+
+
+
'L':
+pushes onto the stack a table whose indices are
+the lines on the function with some associated code,
+that is, the lines where you can put a break point.
+(Lines with no code include empty lines and comments.)
+If this option is given together with option 'f',
+its table is pushed after the function.
+This is the only option that can raise a memory error.
+
+
+
+
+
+This function returns 0 to signal an invalid option in what;
+even then the valid options are handled correctly.
+
+
+
+
+
+
const char *lua_getlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n);
+
+
+Gets information about a local variable or a temporary value
+of a given activation record or a given function.
+
+
+
+In the first case,
+the parameter ar must be a valid activation record that was
+filled by a previous call to lua_getstack or
+given as argument to a hook (see lua_Hook).
+The index n selects which local variable to inspect;
+see debug.getlocal for details about variable indices
+and names.
+
+
+
+lua_getlocal pushes the variable's value onto the stack
+and returns its name.
+
+
+
+In the second case, ar must be NULL and the function
+to be inspected must be on the top of the stack.
+In this case, only parameters of Lua functions are visible
+(as there is no information about what variables are active)
+and no values are pushed onto the stack.
+
+
+
+Returns NULL (and pushes nothing)
+when the index is greater than
+the number of active local variables.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int lua_getstack (lua_State *L, int level, lua_Debug *ar);
+
+
+Gets information about the interpreter runtime stack.
+
+
+
+This function fills parts of a lua_Debug structure with
+an identification of the activation record
+of the function executing at a given level.
+Level 0 is the current running function,
+whereas level n+1 is the function that has called level n
+(except for tail calls, which do not count in the stack).
+When called with a level greater than the stack depth,
+lua_getstack returns 0;
+otherwise it returns 1.
+
+
+
+
+
+
const char *lua_getupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n);
+
+
+Gets information about the n-th upvalue
+of the closure at index funcindex.
+It pushes the upvalue's value onto the stack
+and returns its name.
+Returns NULL (and pushes nothing)
+when the index n is greater than the number of upvalues.
+
+
+
+See debug.getupvalue for more information about upvalues.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Whenever a hook is called, its ar argument has its field
+event set to the specific event that triggered the hook.
+Lua identifies these events with the following constants:
+LUA_HOOKCALL, LUA_HOOKRET,
+LUA_HOOKTAILCALL, LUA_HOOKLINE,
+and LUA_HOOKCOUNT.
+Moreover, for line events, the field currentline is also set.
+To get the value of any other field in ar,
+the hook must call lua_getinfo.
+
+
+
+For call events, event can be LUA_HOOKCALL,
+the normal value, or LUA_HOOKTAILCALL, for a tail call;
+in this case, there will be no corresponding return event.
+
+
+
+While Lua is running a hook, it disables other calls to hooks.
+Therefore, if a hook calls back Lua to execute a function or a chunk,
+this execution occurs without any calls to hooks.
+
+
+
+Hook functions cannot have continuations,
+that is, they cannot call lua_yieldk,
+lua_pcallk, or lua_callk with a non-null k.
+
+
+
+Hook functions can yield under the following conditions:
+Only count and line events can yield;
+to yield, a hook function must finish its execution
+calling lua_yield with nresults equal to zero
+(that is, with no values).
+
+
+
+
+
+
void lua_sethook (lua_State *L, lua_Hook f, int mask, int count);
+
+
+Sets the debugging hook function.
+
+
+
+Argument f is the hook function.
+mask specifies on which events the hook will be called:
+it is formed by a bitwise OR of the constants
+LUA_MASKCALL,
+LUA_MASKRET,
+LUA_MASKLINE,
+and LUA_MASKCOUNT.
+The count argument is only meaningful when the mask
+includes LUA_MASKCOUNT.
+For each event, the hook is called as explained below:
+
+
+
+
The call hook: is called when the interpreter calls a function.
+The hook is called just after Lua enters the new function.
+
+
+
The return hook: is called when the interpreter returns from a function.
+The hook is called just before Lua leaves the function.
+
+
+
The line hook: is called when the interpreter is about to
+start the execution of a new line of code,
+or when it jumps back in the code (even to the same line).
+This event only happens while Lua is executing a Lua function.
+
+
+
The count hook: is called after the interpreter executes every
+count instructions.
+This event only happens while Lua is executing a Lua function.
+
+
+
+
+
+Hooks are disabled by setting mask to zero.
+
+
+
+
+
+
const char *lua_setlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n);
+
+
+Sets the value of a local variable of a given activation record.
+It assigns the value on the top of the stack
+to the variable and returns its name.
+It also pops the value from the stack.
+
+
+
+Returns NULL (and pops nothing)
+when the index is greater than
+the number of active local variables.
+
+
+
+Parameters ar and n are as in the function lua_getlocal.
+
+
+
+
+
+
const char *lua_setupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n);
+
+
+Sets the value of a closure's upvalue.
+It assigns the value on the top of the stack
+to the upvalue and returns its name.
+It also pops the value from the stack.
+
+
+
+Returns NULL (and pops nothing)
+when the index n is greater than the number of upvalues.
+
+
+
+Parameters funcindex and n are as in
+the function lua_getupvalue.
+
+
+
+
+
+
void *lua_upvalueid (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n);
+
+
+Returns a unique identifier for the upvalue numbered n
+from the closure at index funcindex.
+
+
+
+These unique identifiers allow a program to check whether different
+closures share upvalues.
+Lua closures that share an upvalue
+(that is, that access a same external local variable)
+will return identical ids for those upvalue indices.
+
+
+
+Parameters funcindex and n are as in
+the function lua_getupvalue,
+but n cannot be greater than the number of upvalues.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+The auxiliary library provides several convenient functions
+to interface C with Lua.
+While the basic API provides the primitive functions for all
+interactions between C and Lua,
+the auxiliary library provides higher-level functions for some
+common tasks.
+
+
+
+All functions and types from the auxiliary library
+are defined in header file lauxlib.h and
+have a prefix luaL_.
+
+
+
+All functions in the auxiliary library are built on
+top of the basic API,
+and so they provide nothing that cannot be done with that API.
+Nevertheless, the use of the auxiliary library ensures
+more consistency to your code.
+
+
+
+Several functions in the auxiliary library use internally some
+extra stack slots.
+When a function in the auxiliary library uses less than five slots,
+it does not check the stack size;
+it simply assumes that there are enough slots.
+
+
+
+Several functions in the auxiliary library are used to
+check C function arguments.
+Because the error message is formatted for arguments
+(e.g., "bad argument #1"),
+you should not use these functions for other stack values.
+
+
+
+Functions called luaL_check*
+always raise an error if the check is not satisfied.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Adds the value on the top of the stack
+to the buffer B
+(see luaL_Buffer).
+Pops the value.
+
+
+
+This is the only function on string buffers that can (and must)
+be called with an extra element on the stack,
+which is the value to be added to the buffer.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int luaL_argerror (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *extramsg);
+
+
+Raises an error reporting a problem with argument arg
+of the C function that called it,
+using a standard message
+that includes extramsg as a comment:
+
+
void luaL_argexpected (lua_State *L,
+ int cond,
+ int arg,
+ const char *tname);
+
+
+Checks whether cond is true.
+If it is not, raises an error about the type of the argument arg
+with a standard message (see luaL_typeerror).
+
+
+
+
+
+
Then initialize it and preallocate a space of
+size sz with a call luaL_buffinitsize(L, &b, sz).
+
+
Then produce the string into that space.
+
+
+Finish by calling luaL_pushresultsize(&b, sz),
+where sz is the total size of the resulting string
+copied into that space (which may be less than or
+equal to the preallocated size).
+
+
+
+
+
+During its normal operation,
+a string buffer uses a variable number of stack slots.
+So, while using a buffer, you cannot assume that you know where
+the top of the stack is.
+You can use the stack between successive calls to buffer operations
+as long as that use is balanced;
+that is,
+when you call a buffer operation,
+the stack is at the same level
+it was immediately after the previous buffer operation.
+(The only exception to this rule is luaL_addvalue.)
+After calling luaL_pushresult,
+the stack is back to its level when the buffer was initialized,
+plus the final string on its top.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns the address of the current content of buffer B
+(see luaL_Buffer).
+Note that any addition to the buffer may invalidate this address.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int luaL_callmeta (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *e);
+
+
+Calls a metamethod.
+
+
+
+If the object at index obj has a metatable and this
+metatable has a field e,
+this function calls this field passing the object as its only argument.
+In this case this function returns true and pushes onto the
+stack the value returned by the call.
+If there is no metatable or no metamethod,
+this function returns false without pushing any value on the stack.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int luaL_checkoption (lua_State *L,
+ int arg,
+ const char *def,
+ const char *const lst[]);
+
+
+Checks whether the function argument arg is a string and
+searches for this string in the array lst
+(which must be NULL-terminated).
+Returns the index in the array where the string was found.
+Raises an error if the argument is not a string or
+if the string cannot be found.
+
+
+
+If def is not NULL,
+the function uses def as a default value when
+there is no argument arg or when this argument is nil.
+
+
+
+This is a useful function for mapping strings to C enums.
+(The usual convention in Lua libraries is
+to use strings instead of numbers to select options.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
void luaL_checkstack (lua_State *L, int sz, const char *msg);
+
+
+Grows the stack size to top + sz elements,
+raising an error if the stack cannot grow to that size.
+msg is an additional text to go into the error message
+(or NULL for no additional text).
+
+
+
+
+
+
void *luaL_checkudata (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *tname);
+
+
+Checks whether the function argument arg is a userdata
+of the type tname (see luaL_newmetatable) and
+returns the userdata's memory-block address (see lua_touserdata).
+
+
+
+
+
+
int luaL_error (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...);
+
+
+Raises an error.
+The error message format is given by fmt
+plus any extra arguments,
+following the same rules of lua_pushfstring.
+It also adds at the beginning of the message the file name and
+the line number where the error occurred,
+if this information is available.
+
+
+
+This function never returns,
+but it is an idiom to use it in C functions
+as return luaL_error(args).
+
+
+
+
+
+
int luaL_getmetafield (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *e);
+
+
+Pushes onto the stack the field e from the metatable
+of the object at index obj and returns the type of the pushed value.
+If the object does not have a metatable,
+or if the metatable does not have this field,
+pushes nothing and returns LUA_TNIL.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int luaL_getmetatable (lua_State *L, const char *tname);
+
+
+Pushes onto the stack the metatable associated with the name tname
+in the registry (see luaL_newmetatable),
+or nil if there is no metatable associated with that name.
+Returns the type of the pushed value.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int luaL_getsubtable (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *fname);
+
+
+Ensures that the value t[fname],
+where t is the value at index idx,
+is a table,
+and pushes that table onto the stack.
+Returns true if it finds a previous table there
+and false if it creates a new table.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Creates a copy of string s,
+replacing any occurrence of the string p
+with the string r.
+Pushes the resulting string on the stack and returns it.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns the "length" of the value at the given index
+as a number;
+it is equivalent to the '#' operator in Lua (see §3.4.7).
+Raises an error if the result of the operation is not an integer.
+(This case can only happen through metamethods.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Loads a buffer as a Lua chunk.
+This function uses lua_load to load the chunk in the
+buffer pointed to by buff with size sz.
+
+
+
+This function returns the same results as lua_load.
+name is the chunk name,
+used for debug information and error messages.
+The string mode works as in the function lua_load.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Loads a file as a Lua chunk.
+This function uses lua_load to load the chunk in the file
+named filename.
+If filename is NULL,
+then it loads from the standard input.
+The first line in the file is ignored if it starts with a #.
+
+
+
+The string mode works as in the function lua_load.
+
+
+
+This function returns the same results as lua_load
+or LUA_ERRFILE for file-related errors.
+
+
+
+As lua_load, this function only loads the chunk;
+it does not run it.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Creates a new table with a size optimized
+to store all entries in the array l
+(but does not actually store them).
+It is intended to be used in conjunction with luaL_setfuncs
+(see luaL_newlib).
+
+
+
+It is implemented as a macro.
+The array l must be the actual array,
+not a pointer to it.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int luaL_newmetatable (lua_State *L, const char *tname);
+
+
+If the registry already has the key tname,
+returns 0.
+Otherwise,
+creates a new table to be used as a metatable for userdata,
+adds to this new table the pair __name = tname,
+adds to the registry the pair [tname] = new table,
+and returns 1.
+
+
+
+In both cases,
+the function pushes onto the stack the final value associated
+with tname in the registry.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Creates a new Lua state.
+It calls lua_newstate with an
+allocator based on the ISO C allocation functions
+and then sets a warning function and a panic function (see §4.4)
+that print messages to the standard error output.
+
+
+
+Returns the new state,
+or NULL if there is a memory allocation error.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+In words, if the argument arg is nil or absent,
+the macro results in the default dflt.
+Otherwise, it results in the result of calling func
+with the state L and the argument index arg as
+arguments.
+Note that it evaluates the expression dflt only if needed.
+
+
+
+
+
+
lua_Integer luaL_optinteger (lua_State *L,
+ int arg,
+ lua_Integer d);
+
+
+If the function argument arg is an integer
+(or it is convertible to an integer),
+returns this integer.
+If this argument is absent or is nil,
+returns d.
+Otherwise, raises an error.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+If the function argument arg is a string,
+returns this string.
+If this argument is absent or is nil,
+returns d.
+Otherwise, raises an error.
+
+
+
+If l is not NULL,
+fills its referent with the result's length.
+If the result is NULL
+(only possible when returning d and d == NULL),
+its length is considered zero.
+
+
+
+This function uses lua_tolstring to get its result,
+so all conversions and caveats of that function apply here.
+
+
+
+
+
+
lua_Number luaL_optnumber (lua_State *L, int arg, lua_Number d);
+
+
+If the function argument arg is a number,
+returns this number as a lua_Number.
+If this argument is absent or is nil,
+returns d.
+Otherwise, raises an error.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+If the function argument arg is a string,
+returns this string.
+If this argument is absent or is nil,
+returns d.
+Otherwise, raises an error.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns an address to a space of size sz
+where you can copy a string to be added to buffer B
+(see luaL_Buffer).
+After copying the string into this space you must call
+luaL_addsize with the size of the string to actually add
+it to the buffer.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Creates and returns a reference,
+in the table at index t,
+for the object on the top of the stack (and pops the object).
+
+
+
+A reference is a unique integer key.
+As long as you do not manually add integer keys into the table t,
+luaL_ref ensures the uniqueness of the key it returns.
+You can retrieve an object referred by the reference r
+by calling lua_rawgeti(L, t, r).
+The function luaL_unref frees a reference.
+
+
+
+If the object on the top of the stack is nil,
+luaL_ref returns the constant LUA_REFNIL.
+The constant LUA_NOREF is guaranteed to be different
+from any reference returned by luaL_ref.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Type for arrays of functions to be registered by
+luaL_setfuncs.
+name is the function name and func is a pointer to
+the function.
+Any array of luaL_Reg must end with a sentinel entry
+in which both name and func are NULL.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+If package.loaded[modname] is not true,
+calls the function openf with the string modname as an argument
+and sets the call result to package.loaded[modname],
+as if that function has been called through require.
+
+
+
+If glb is true,
+also stores the module into the global modname.
+
+
+
+Leaves a copy of the module on the stack.
+
+
+
+
+
+
void luaL_setfuncs (lua_State *L, const luaL_Reg *l, int nup);
+
+
+Registers all functions in the array l
+(see luaL_Reg) into the table on the top of the stack
+(below optional upvalues, see next).
+
+
+
+When nup is not zero,
+all functions are created with nup upvalues,
+initialized with copies of the nup values
+previously pushed on the stack
+on top of the library table.
+These values are popped from the stack after the registration.
+
+
+
+A function with a NULL value represents a placeholder,
+which is filled with false.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Sets the metatable of the object on the top of the stack
+as the metatable associated with name tname
+in the registry (see luaL_newmetatable).
+
+
+
+
+
+
+The standard representation for file handles
+used by the standard I/O library.
+
+
+
+A file handle is implemented as a full userdata,
+with a metatable called LUA_FILEHANDLE
+(where LUA_FILEHANDLE is a macro with the actual metatable's name).
+The metatable is created by the I/O library
+(see luaL_newmetatable).
+
+
+
+This userdata must start with the structure luaL_Stream;
+it can contain other data after this initial structure.
+The field f points to the corresponding C stream
+(or it can be NULL to indicate an incompletely created handle).
+The field closef points to a Lua function
+that will be called to close the stream
+when the handle is closed or collected;
+this function receives the file handle as its sole argument and
+must return either a true value, in case of success,
+or a false value plus an error message, in case of error.
+Once Lua calls this field,
+it changes the field value to NULL
+to signal that the handle is closed.
+
+
+
+
+
+
const char *luaL_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len);
+
+
+Converts any Lua value at the given index to a C string
+in a reasonable format.
+The resulting string is pushed onto the stack and also
+returned by the function (see §4.1.3).
+If len is not NULL,
+the function also sets *len with the string length.
+
+
+
+If the value has a metatable with a __tostring field,
+then luaL_tolstring calls the corresponding metamethod
+with the value as argument,
+and uses the result of the call as its result.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Creates and pushes a traceback of the stack L1.
+If msg is not NULL, it is appended
+at the beginning of the traceback.
+The level parameter tells at which level
+to start the traceback.
+
+
+
+
+
+
int luaL_typeerror (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *tname);
+
+
+Raises a type error for the argument arg
+of the C function that called it,
+using a standard message;
+tname is a "name" for the expected type.
+This function never returns.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Releases the reference ref from the table at index t
+(see luaL_ref).
+The entry is removed from the table,
+so that the referred object can be collected.
+The reference ref is also freed to be used again.
+
+
+
+Pushes onto the stack a string identifying the current position
+of the control at level lvl in the call stack.
+Typically this string has the following format:
+
+
+ chunkname:currentline:
+
+Level 0 is the running function,
+level 1 is the function that called the running function,
+etc.
+
+
+
+This function is used to build a prefix for error messages.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+The standard Lua libraries provide useful functions
+that are implemented in C through the C API.
+Some of these functions provide essential services to the language
+(e.g., type and getmetatable);
+others provide access to outside services (e.g., I/O);
+and others could be implemented in Lua itself,
+but that for different reasons
+deserve an implementation in C (e.g., table.sort).
+
+
+
+All libraries are implemented through the official C API
+and are provided as separate C modules.
+Unless otherwise noted,
+these library functions do not adjust its number of arguments
+to its expected parameters.
+For instance, a function documented as foo(arg)
+should not be called without an argument.
+
+
+
+The notation fail means a false value representing
+some kind of failure.
+(Currently, fail is equal to nil,
+but that may change in future versions.
+The recommendation is to always test the success of these functions
+with (not status), instead of (status == nil).)
+
+
+
+Currently, Lua has the following standard libraries:
+
+
+Except for the basic and the package libraries,
+each library provides all its functions as fields of a global table
+or as methods of its objects.
+
+
+
+To have access to these libraries,
+the C host program should call the luaL_openlibs function,
+which opens all standard libraries.
+Alternatively,
+the host program can open them individually by using
+luaL_requiref to call
+luaopen_base (for the basic library),
+luaopen_package (for the package library),
+luaopen_coroutine (for the coroutine library),
+luaopen_string (for the string library),
+luaopen_utf8 (for the UTF-8 library),
+luaopen_table (for the table library),
+luaopen_math (for the mathematical library),
+luaopen_io (for the I/O library),
+luaopen_os (for the operating system library),
+and luaopen_debug (for the debug library).
+These functions are declared in lualib.h.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+The basic library provides core functions to Lua.
+If you do not include this library in your application,
+you should check carefully whether you need to provide
+implementations for some of its facilities.
+
+
+
+Raises an error if
+the value of its argument v is false (i.e., nil or false);
+otherwise, returns all its arguments.
+In case of error,
+message is the error object;
+when absent, it defaults to "assertion failed!"
+
+
+
+
+
+This function is a generic interface to the garbage collector.
+It performs different functions according to its first argument, opt:
+
+
+
+
"collect":
+Performs a full garbage-collection cycle.
+This is the default option.
+
+
+
"stop":
+Stops automatic execution of the garbage collector.
+The collector will run only when explicitly invoked,
+until a call to restart it.
+
+
+
"restart":
+Restarts automatic execution of the garbage collector.
+
+
+
"count":
+Returns the total memory in use by Lua in Kbytes.
+The value has a fractional part,
+so that it multiplied by 1024
+gives the exact number of bytes in use by Lua.
+
+
+
"step":
+Performs a garbage-collection step.
+The step "size" is controlled by arg.
+With a zero value,
+the collector will perform one basic (indivisible) step.
+For non-zero values,
+the collector will perform as if that amount of memory
+(in Kbytes) had been allocated by Lua.
+Returns true if the step finished a collection cycle.
+
+
+
"isrunning":
+Returns a boolean that tells whether the collector is running
+(i.e., not stopped).
+
+
+
"incremental":
+Change the collector mode to incremental.
+This option can be followed by three numbers:
+the garbage-collector pause,
+the step multiplier,
+and the step size (see §2.5.1).
+A zero means to not change that value.
+
+
+
"generational":
+Change the collector mode to generational.
+This option can be followed by two numbers:
+the garbage-collector minor multiplier
+and the major multiplier (see §2.5.2).
+A zero means to not change that value.
+
+
+
+See §2.5 for more details about garbage collection
+and some of these options.
+
+
+
+This function should not be called by a finalizer.
+
+
+
+
+
+Opens the named file and executes its content as a Lua chunk.
+When called without arguments,
+dofile executes the content of the standard input (stdin).
+Returns all values returned by the chunk.
+In case of errors, dofile propagates the error
+to its caller.
+(That is, dofile does not run in protected mode.)
+
+
+
+
+
+Raises an error (see §2.3) with message as the error object.
+This function never returns.
+
+
+
+Usually, error adds some information about the error position
+at the beginning of the message, if the message is a string.
+The level argument specifies how to get the error position.
+With level 1 (the default), the error position is where the
+error function was called.
+Level 2 points the error to where the function
+that called error was called; and so on.
+Passing a level 0 avoids the addition of error position information
+to the message.
+
+
+
+
+
+A global variable (not a function) that
+holds the global environment (see §2.2).
+Lua itself does not use this variable;
+changing its value does not affect any environment,
+nor vice versa.
+
+
+
+
+
+If object does not have a metatable, returns nil.
+Otherwise,
+if the object's metatable has a __metatable field,
+returns the associated value.
+Otherwise, returns the metatable of the given object.
+
+
+
+
+
+If chunk is a string, the chunk is this string.
+If chunk is a function,
+load calls it repeatedly to get the chunk pieces.
+Each call to chunk must return a string that concatenates
+with previous results.
+A return of an empty string, nil, or no value signals the end of the chunk.
+
+
+
+If there are no syntactic errors,
+load returns the compiled chunk as a function;
+otherwise, it returns fail plus the error message.
+
+
+
+When you load a main chunk,
+the resulting function will always have exactly one upvalue,
+the _ENV variable (see §2.2).
+However,
+when you load a binary chunk created from a function (see string.dump),
+the resulting function can have an arbitrary number of upvalues,
+and there is no guarantee that its first upvalue will be
+the _ENV variable.
+(A non-main function may not even have an _ENV upvalue.)
+
+
+
+Regardless, if the resulting function has any upvalues,
+its first upvalue is set to the value of env,
+if that parameter is given,
+or to the value of the global environment.
+Other upvalues are initialized with nil.
+All upvalues are fresh, that is,
+they are not shared with any other function.
+
+
+
+chunkname is used as the name of the chunk for error messages
+and debug information (see §4.7).
+When absent,
+it defaults to chunk, if chunk is a string,
+or to "=(load)" otherwise.
+
+
+
+The string mode controls whether the chunk can be text or binary
+(that is, a precompiled chunk).
+It may be the string "b" (only binary chunks),
+"t" (only text chunks),
+or "bt" (both binary and text).
+The default is "bt".
+
+
+
+It is safe to load malformed binary chunks;
+load signals an appropriate error.
+However,
+Lua does not check the consistency of the code inside binary chunks;
+running maliciously crafted bytecode can crash the interpreter.
+
+
+
+
+
+Allows a program to traverse all fields of a table.
+Its first argument is a table and its second argument
+is an index in this table.
+A call to next returns the next index of the table
+and its associated value.
+When called with nil as its second argument,
+next returns an initial index
+and its associated value.
+When called with the last index,
+or with nil in an empty table,
+next returns nil.
+If the second argument is absent, then it is interpreted as nil.
+In particular,
+you can use next(t) to check whether a table is empty.
+
+
+
+The order in which the indices are enumerated is not specified,
+even for numeric indices.
+(To traverse a table in numerical order,
+use a numerical for.)
+
+
+
+You should not assign any value to a non-existent field in a table
+during its traversal.
+You may however modify existing fields.
+In particular, you may set existing fields to nil.
+
+
+
+
+
+Calls the function f with
+the given arguments in protected mode.
+This means that any error inside f is not propagated;
+instead, pcall catches the error
+and returns a status code.
+Its first result is the status code (a boolean),
+which is true if the call succeeds without errors.
+In such case, pcall also returns all results from the call,
+after this first result.
+In case of any error, pcall returns false plus the error object.
+Note that errors caught by pcall do not call a message handler.
+
+
+
+
+
+Receives any number of arguments
+and prints their values to stdout,
+converting each argument to a string
+following the same rules of tostring.
+
+
+
+The function print is not intended for formatted output,
+but only as a quick way to show a value,
+for instance for debugging.
+For complete control over the output,
+use string.format and io.write.
+
+
+
+
+
+Sets the real value of table[index] to value,
+without using the __newindex metavalue.
+table must be a table,
+index any value different from nil and NaN,
+and value any Lua value.
+
+
+
+If index is a number,
+returns all arguments after argument number index;
+a negative number indexes from the end (-1 is the last argument).
+Otherwise, index must be the string "#",
+and select returns the total number of extra arguments it received.
+
+
+
+
+
+Sets the metatable for the given table.
+If metatable is nil,
+removes the metatable of the given table.
+If the original metatable has a __metatable field,
+raises an error.
+
+
+
+This function returns table.
+
+
+
+To change the metatable of other types from Lua code,
+you must use the debug library (§6.10).
+
+
+
+
+
+When called with no base,
+tonumber tries to convert its argument to a number.
+If the argument is already a number or
+a string convertible to a number,
+then tonumber returns this number;
+otherwise, it returns fail.
+
+
+
+The conversion of strings can result in integers or floats,
+according to the lexical conventions of Lua (see §3.1).
+The string may have leading and trailing spaces and a sign.
+
+
+
+When called with base,
+then e must be a string to be interpreted as
+an integer numeral in that base.
+The base may be any integer between 2 and 36, inclusive.
+In bases above 10, the letter 'A' (in either upper or lower case)
+represents 10, 'B' represents 11, and so forth,
+with 'Z' representing 35.
+If the string e is not a valid numeral in the given base,
+the function returns fail.
+
+
+
+
+
+Receives a value of any type and
+converts it to a string in a human-readable format.
+
+
+
+If the metatable of v has a __tostring field,
+then tostring calls the corresponding value
+with v as argument,
+and uses the result of the call as its result.
+Otherwise, if the metatable of v has a __name field
+with a string value,
+tostring may use that string in its final result.
+
+
+
+For complete control of how numbers are converted,
+use string.format.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns the type of its only argument, coded as a string.
+The possible results of this function are
+"nil" (a string, not the value nil),
+"number",
+"string",
+"boolean",
+"table",
+"function",
+"thread",
+and "userdata".
+
+
+
+
+
+A global variable (not a function) that
+holds a string containing the running Lua version.
+The current value of this variable is "Lua 5.4".
+
+
+
+
+
+Emits a warning with a message composed by the concatenation
+of all its arguments (which should be strings).
+
+
+
+By convention,
+a one-piece message starting with '@'
+is intended to be a control message,
+which is a message to the warning system itself.
+In particular, the standard warning function in Lua
+recognizes the control messages "@off",
+to stop the emission of warnings,
+and "@on", to (re)start the emission;
+it ignores unknown control messages.
+
+
+
+
+
+This library comprises the operations to manipulate coroutines,
+which come inside the table coroutine.
+See §2.6 for a general description of coroutines.
+
+
+
+Closes coroutine co,
+that is,
+closes all its pending to-be-closed variables
+and puts the coroutine in a dead state.
+The given coroutine must be dead or suspended.
+In case of error
+(either the original error that stopped the coroutine or
+errors in closing methods),
+returns false plus the error object;
+otherwise returns true.
+
+
+
+
+
+Starts or continues the execution of coroutine co.
+The first time you resume a coroutine,
+it starts running its body.
+The values val1, ... are passed
+as the arguments to the body function.
+If the coroutine has yielded,
+resume restarts it;
+the values val1, ... are passed
+as the results from the yield.
+
+
+
+If the coroutine runs without any errors,
+resume returns true plus any values passed to yield
+(when the coroutine yields) or any values returned by the body function
+(when the coroutine terminates).
+If there is any error,
+resume returns false plus the error message.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns the status of the coroutine co, as a string:
+"running",
+if the coroutine is running
+(that is, it is the one that called status);
+"suspended", if the coroutine is suspended in a call to yield,
+or if it has not started running yet;
+"normal" if the coroutine is active but not running
+(that is, it has resumed another coroutine);
+and "dead" if the coroutine has finished its body function,
+or if it has stopped with an error.
+
+
+
+
+
+Creates a new coroutine, with body f;
+f must be a function.
+Returns a function that resumes the coroutine each time it is called.
+Any arguments passed to this function behave as the
+extra arguments to resume.
+The function returns the same values returned by resume,
+except the first boolean.
+In case of error,
+the function closes the coroutine and propagates the error.
+
+
+
+
+
+The package library provides basic
+facilities for loading modules in Lua.
+It exports one function directly in the global environment:
+require.
+Everything else is exported in the table package.
+
+
+
+Loads the given module.
+The function starts by looking into the package.loaded table
+to determine whether modname is already loaded.
+If it is, then require returns the value stored
+at package.loaded[modname].
+(The absence of a second result in this case
+signals that this call did not have to load the module.)
+Otherwise, it tries to find a loader for the module.
+
+
+
+To find a loader,
+require is guided by the table package.searchers.
+Each item in this table is a search function,
+that searches for the module in a particular way.
+By changing this table,
+we can change how require looks for a module.
+The following explanation is based on the default configuration
+for package.searchers.
+
+
+
+First require queries package.preload[modname].
+If it has a value,
+this value (which must be a function) is the loader.
+Otherwise require searches for a Lua loader using the
+path stored in package.path.
+If that also fails, it searches for a C loader using the
+path stored in package.cpath.
+If that also fails,
+it tries an all-in-one loader (see package.searchers).
+
+
+
+Once a loader is found,
+require calls the loader with two arguments:
+modname and an extra value,
+a loader data,
+also returned by the searcher.
+The loader data can be any value useful to the module;
+for the default searchers,
+it indicates where the loader was found.
+(For instance, if the loader came from a file,
+this extra value is the file path.)
+If the loader returns any non-nil value,
+require assigns the returned value to package.loaded[modname].
+If the loader does not return a non-nil value and
+has not assigned any value to package.loaded[modname],
+then require assigns true to this entry.
+In any case, require returns the
+final value of package.loaded[modname].
+Besides that value, require also returns as a second result
+the loader data returned by the searcher,
+which indicates how require found the module.
+
+
+
+If there is any error loading or running the module,
+or if it cannot find any loader for the module,
+then require raises an error.
+
+
+
+
+
+A string with the path used by require
+to search for a C loader.
+
+
+
+Lua initializes the C path package.cpath in the same way
+it initializes the Lua path package.path,
+using the environment variable LUA_CPATH_5_4,
+or the environment variable LUA_CPATH,
+or a default path defined in luaconf.h.
+
+
+
+
+
+A table used by require to control which
+modules are already loaded.
+When you require a module modname and
+package.loaded[modname] is not false,
+require simply returns the value stored there.
+
+
+
+This variable is only a reference to the real table;
+assignments to this variable do not change the
+table used by require.
+The real table is stored in the C registry (see §4.3),
+indexed by the key LUA_LOADED_TABLE, a string.
+
+
+
+
+
+Dynamically links the host program with the C library libname.
+
+
+
+If funcname is "*",
+then it only links with the library,
+making the symbols exported by the library
+available to other dynamically linked libraries.
+Otherwise,
+it looks for a function funcname inside the library
+and returns this function as a C function.
+So, funcname must follow the lua_CFunction prototype
+(see lua_CFunction).
+
+
+
+This is a low-level function.
+It completely bypasses the package and module system.
+Unlike require,
+it does not perform any path searching and
+does not automatically adds extensions.
+libname must be the complete file name of the C library,
+including if necessary a path and an extension.
+funcname must be the exact name exported by the C library
+(which may depend on the C compiler and linker used).
+
+
+
+This functionality is not supported by ISO C.
+As such, it is only available on some platforms
+(Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, Solaris, BSD,
+plus other Unix systems that support the dlfcn standard).
+
+
+
+This function is inherently insecure,
+as it allows Lua to call any function in any readable dynamic
+library in the system.
+(Lua calls any function assuming the function
+has a proper prototype and respects a proper protocol
+(see lua_CFunction).
+Therefore,
+calling an arbitrary function in an arbitrary dynamic library
+more often than not results in an access violation.)
+
+
+
+
+
+A string with the path used by require
+to search for a Lua loader.
+
+
+
+At start-up, Lua initializes this variable with
+the value of the environment variable LUA_PATH_5_4 or
+the environment variable LUA_PATH or
+with a default path defined in luaconf.h,
+if those environment variables are not defined.
+A ";;" in the value of the environment variable
+is replaced by the default path.
+
+
+
+
+
+A table to store loaders for specific modules
+(see require).
+
+
+
+This variable is only a reference to the real table;
+assignments to this variable do not change the
+table used by require.
+The real table is stored in the C registry (see §4.3),
+indexed by the key LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE, a string.
+
+
+
+
+
+A table used by require to control how to find modules.
+
+
+
+Each entry in this table is a searcher function.
+When looking for a module,
+require calls each of these searchers in ascending order,
+with the module name (the argument given to require) as its
+sole argument.
+If the searcher finds the module,
+it returns another function, the module loader,
+plus an extra value, a loader data,
+that will be passed to that loader and
+returned as a second result by require.
+If it cannot find the module,
+it returns a string explaining why
+(or nil if it has nothing to say).
+
+
+
+Lua initializes this table with four searcher functions.
+
+
+
+The first searcher simply looks for a loader in the
+package.preload table.
+
+
+
+The second searcher looks for a loader as a Lua library,
+using the path stored at package.path.
+The search is done as described in function package.searchpath.
+
+
+
+The third searcher looks for a loader as a C library,
+using the path given by the variable package.cpath.
+Again,
+the search is done as described in function package.searchpath.
+For instance,
+if the C path is the string
+
+
+ "./?.so;./?.dll;/usr/local/?/init.so"
+
+the searcher for module foo
+will try to open the files ./foo.so, ./foo.dll,
+and /usr/local/foo/init.so, in that order.
+Once it finds a C library,
+this searcher first uses a dynamic link facility to link the
+application with the library.
+Then it tries to find a C function inside the library to
+be used as the loader.
+The name of this C function is the string "luaopen_"
+concatenated with a copy of the module name where each dot
+is replaced by an underscore.
+Moreover, if the module name has a hyphen,
+its suffix after (and including) the first hyphen is removed.
+For instance, if the module name is a.b.c-v2.1,
+the function name will be luaopen_a_b_c.
+
+
+
+The fourth searcher tries an all-in-one loader.
+It searches the C path for a library for
+the root name of the given module.
+For instance, when requiring a.b.c,
+it will search for a C library for a.
+If found, it looks into it for an open function for
+the submodule;
+in our example, that would be luaopen_a_b_c.
+With this facility, a package can pack several C submodules
+into one single library,
+with each submodule keeping its original open function.
+
+
+
+All searchers except the first one (preload) return as the extra value
+the file path where the module was found,
+as returned by package.searchpath.
+The first searcher always returns the string ":preload:".
+
+
+
+Searchers should raise no errors and have no side effects in Lua.
+(They may have side effects in C,
+for instance by linking the application with a library.)
+
+
+
+
+
+Searches for the given name in the given path.
+
+
+
+A path is a string containing a sequence of
+templates separated by semicolons.
+For each template,
+the function replaces each interrogation mark (if any)
+in the template with a copy of name
+wherein all occurrences of sep
+(a dot, by default)
+were replaced by rep
+(the system's directory separator, by default),
+and then tries to open the resulting file name.
+
+
+
+For instance, if the path is the string
+
+
+ "./?.lua;./?.lc;/usr/local/?/init.lua"
+
+the search for the name foo.a
+will try to open the files
+./foo/a.lua, ./foo/a.lc, and
+/usr/local/foo/a/init.lua, in that order.
+
+
+
+Returns the resulting name of the first file that it can
+open in read mode (after closing the file),
+or fail plus an error message if none succeeds.
+(This error message lists all file names it tried to open.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+This library provides generic functions for string manipulation,
+such as finding and extracting substrings, and pattern matching.
+When indexing a string in Lua, the first character is at position 1
+(not at 0, as in C).
+Indices are allowed to be negative and are interpreted as indexing backwards,
+from the end of the string.
+Thus, the last character is at position -1, and so on.
+
+
+
+The string library provides all its functions inside the table
+string.
+It also sets a metatable for strings
+where the __index field points to the string table.
+Therefore, you can use the string functions in object-oriented style.
+For instance, string.byte(s,i)
+can be written as s:byte(i).
+
+
+
+The string library assumes one-byte character encodings.
+
+
+
+Returns the internal numeric codes of the characters s[i],
+s[i+1], ..., s[j].
+The default value for i is 1;
+the default value for j is i.
+These indices are corrected
+following the same rules of function string.sub.
+
+
+
+Numeric codes are not necessarily portable across platforms.
+
+
+
+
+
+Receives zero or more integers.
+Returns a string with length equal to the number of arguments,
+in which each character has the internal numeric code equal
+to its corresponding argument.
+
+
+
+Numeric codes are not necessarily portable across platforms.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns a string containing a binary representation
+(a binary chunk)
+of the given function,
+so that a later load on this string returns
+a copy of the function (but with new upvalues).
+If strip is a true value,
+the binary representation may not include all debug information
+about the function,
+to save space.
+
+
+
+Functions with upvalues have only their number of upvalues saved.
+When (re)loaded,
+those upvalues receive fresh instances.
+(See the load function for details about
+how these upvalues are initialized.
+You can use the debug library to serialize
+and reload the upvalues of a function
+in a way adequate to your needs.)
+
+
+
+
+
+Looks for the first match of
+pattern (see §6.4.1) in the string s.
+If it finds a match, then find returns the indices of s
+where this occurrence starts and ends;
+otherwise, it returns fail.
+A third, optional numeric argument init specifies
+where to start the search;
+its default value is 1 and can be negative.
+A true as a fourth, optional argument plain
+turns off the pattern matching facilities,
+so the function does a plain "find substring" operation,
+with no characters in pattern being considered magic.
+
+
+
+If the pattern has captures,
+then in a successful match
+the captured values are also returned,
+after the two indices.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns a formatted version of its variable number of arguments
+following the description given in its first argument,
+which must be a string.
+The format string follows the same rules as the ISO C function sprintf.
+The only differences are that the conversion specifiers and modifiers
+F, n, *, h, L, and l are not supported
+and that there is an extra specifier, q.
+Both width and precision, when present,
+are limited to two digits.
+
+
+
+The specifier q formats booleans, nil, numbers, and strings
+in a way that the result is a valid constant in Lua source code.
+Booleans and nil are written in the obvious way
+(true, false, nil).
+Floats are written in hexadecimal,
+to preserve full precision.
+A string is written between double quotes,
+using escape sequences when necessary to ensure that
+it can safely be read back by the Lua interpreter.
+For instance, the call
+
+
+ string.format('%q', 'a string with "quotes" and \n new line')
+
+may produce the string:
+
+
+ "a string with \"quotes\" and \
+ new line"
+
+This specifier does not support modifiers (flags, width, precision).
+
+
+
+The conversion specifiers
+A, a, E, e, f,
+G, and g all expect a number as argument.
+The specifiers c, d,
+i, o, u, X, and x
+expect an integer.
+When Lua is compiled with a C89 compiler,
+the specifiers A and a (hexadecimal floats)
+do not support modifiers.
+
+
+
+The specifier s expects a string;
+if its argument is not a string,
+it is converted to one following the same rules of tostring.
+If the specifier has any modifier,
+the corresponding string argument should not contain embedded zeros.
+
+
+
+The specifier p formats the pointer
+returned by lua_topointer.
+That gives a unique string identifier for tables, userdata,
+threads, strings, and functions.
+For other values (numbers, nil, booleans),
+this specifier results in a string representing
+the pointer NULL.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns an iterator function that,
+each time it is called,
+returns the next captures from pattern (see §6.4.1)
+over the string s.
+If pattern specifies no captures,
+then the whole match is produced in each call.
+A third, optional numeric argument init specifies
+where to start the search;
+its default value is 1 and can be negative.
+
+
+
+As an example, the following loop
+will iterate over all the words from string s,
+printing one per line:
+
+
+ s = "hello world from Lua"
+ for w in string.gmatch(s, "%a+") do
+ print(w)
+ end
+
+The next example collects all pairs key=value from the
+given string into a table:
+
+
+ t = {}
+ s = "from=world, to=Lua"
+ for k, v in string.gmatch(s, "(%w+)=(%w+)") do
+ t[k] = v
+ end
+
+
+
+For this function, a caret '^' at the start of a pattern does not
+work as an anchor, as this would prevent the iteration.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns a copy of s
+in which all (or the first n, if given)
+occurrences of the pattern (see §6.4.1) have been
+replaced by a replacement string specified by repl,
+which can be a string, a table, or a function.
+gsub also returns, as its second value,
+the total number of matches that occurred.
+The name gsub comes from Global SUBstitution.
+
+
+
+If repl is a string, then its value is used for replacement.
+The character % works as an escape character:
+any sequence in repl of the form %d,
+with d between 1 and 9,
+stands for the value of the d-th captured substring;
+the sequence %0 stands for the whole match;
+the sequence %% stands for a single %.
+
+
+
+If repl is a table, then the table is queried for every match,
+using the first capture as the key.
+
+
+
+If repl is a function, then this function is called every time a
+match occurs, with all captured substrings passed as arguments,
+in order.
+
+
+
+In any case,
+if the pattern specifies no captures,
+then it behaves as if the whole pattern was inside a capture.
+
+
+
+If the value returned by the table query or by the function call
+is a string or a number,
+then it is used as the replacement string;
+otherwise, if it is false or nil,
+then there is no replacement
+(that is, the original match is kept in the string).
+
+
+
+Here are some examples:
+
+
+ x = string.gsub("hello world", "(%w+)", "%1 %1")
+ --> x="hello hello world world"
+
+ x = string.gsub("hello world", "%w+", "%0 %0", 1)
+ --> x="hello hello world"
+
+ x = string.gsub("hello world from Lua", "(%w+)%s*(%w+)", "%2 %1")
+ --> x="world hello Lua from"
+
+ x = string.gsub("home = $HOME, user = $USER", "%$(%w+)", os.getenv)
+ --> x="home = /home/roberto, user = roberto"
+
+ x = string.gsub("4+5 = $return 4+5$", "%$(.-)%$", function (s)
+ return load(s)()
+ end)
+ --> x="4+5 = 9"
+
+ local t = {name="lua", version="5.4"}
+ x = string.gsub("$name-$version.tar.gz", "%$(%w+)", t)
+ --> x="lua-5.4.tar.gz"
+
+Receives a string and returns a copy of this string with all
+uppercase letters changed to lowercase.
+All other characters are left unchanged.
+The definition of what an uppercase letter is depends on the current locale.
+
+
+
+
+
+Looks for the first match of
+the pattern (see §6.4.1) in the string s.
+If it finds one, then match returns
+the captures from the pattern;
+otherwise it returns fail.
+If pattern specifies no captures,
+then the whole match is returned.
+A third, optional numeric argument init specifies
+where to start the search;
+its default value is 1 and can be negative.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns a binary string containing the values v1, v2, etc.
+serialized in binary form (packed)
+according to the format string fmt (see §6.4.2).
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns the length of a string resulting from string.pack
+with the given format.
+The format string cannot have the variable-length options
+'s' or 'z' (see §6.4.2).
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns a string that is the concatenation of n copies of
+the string s separated by the string sep.
+The default value for sep is the empty string
+(that is, no separator).
+Returns the empty string if n is not positive.
+
+
+
+(Note that it is very easy to exhaust the memory of your machine
+with a single call to this function.)
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns the substring of s that
+starts at i and continues until j;
+i and j can be negative.
+If j is absent, then it is assumed to be equal to -1
+(which is the same as the string length).
+In particular,
+the call string.sub(s,1,j) returns a prefix of s
+with length j,
+and string.sub(s, -i) (for a positive i)
+returns a suffix of s
+with length i.
+
+
+
+If, after the translation of negative indices,
+i is less than 1,
+it is corrected to 1.
+If j is greater than the string length,
+it is corrected to that length.
+If, after these corrections,
+i is greater than j,
+the function returns the empty string.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns the values packed in string s (see string.pack)
+according to the format string fmt (see §6.4.2).
+An optional pos marks where
+to start reading in s (default is 1).
+After the read values,
+this function also returns the index of the first unread byte in s.
+
+
+
+
+
+Receives a string and returns a copy of this string with all
+lowercase letters changed to uppercase.
+All other characters are left unchanged.
+The definition of what a lowercase letter is depends on the current locale.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Patterns in Lua are described by regular strings,
+which are interpreted as patterns by the pattern-matching functions
+string.find,
+string.gmatch,
+string.gsub,
+and string.match.
+This section describes the syntax and the meaning
+(that is, what they match) of these strings.
+
+
+
+
+
+
Character Class:
+A character class is used to represent a set of characters.
+The following combinations are allowed in describing a character class:
+
+
+
+
x:
+(where x is not one of the magic characters
+^$()%.[]*+-?)
+represents the character x itself.
+
+
+
.: (a dot) represents all characters.
+
+
%a: represents all letters.
+
+
%c: represents all control characters.
+
+
%d: represents all digits.
+
+
%g: represents all printable characters except space.
+
+
%l: represents all lowercase letters.
+
+
%p: represents all punctuation characters.
+
+
%s: represents all space characters.
+
+
%u: represents all uppercase letters.
+
+
%w: represents all alphanumeric characters.
+
+
%x: represents all hexadecimal digits.
+
+
%x: (where x is any non-alphanumeric character)
+represents the character x.
+This is the standard way to escape the magic characters.
+Any non-alphanumeric character
+(including all punctuation characters, even the non-magical)
+can be preceded by a '%' to represent itself in a pattern.
+
+
+
[set]:
+represents the class which is the union of all
+characters in set.
+A range of characters can be specified by
+separating the end characters of the range,
+in ascending order, with a '-'.
+All classes %x described above can also be used as
+components in set.
+All other characters in set represent themselves.
+For example, [%w_] (or [_%w])
+represents all alphanumeric characters plus the underscore,
+[0-7] represents the octal digits,
+and [0-7%l%-] represents the octal digits plus
+the lowercase letters plus the '-' character.
+
+
+
+You can put a closing square bracket in a set
+by positioning it as the first character in the set.
+You can put a hyphen in a set
+by positioning it as the first or the last character in the set.
+(You can also use an escape for both cases.)
+
+
+
+The interaction between ranges and classes is not defined.
+Therefore, patterns like [%a-z] or [a-%%]
+have no meaning.
+
+
+
[^set]:
+represents the complement of set,
+where set is interpreted as above.
+
+
+
+For all classes represented by single letters (%a, %c, etc.),
+the corresponding uppercase letter represents the complement of the class.
+For instance, %S represents all non-space characters.
+
+
+
+The definitions of letter, space, and other character groups
+depend on the current locale.
+In particular, the class [a-z] may not be equivalent to %l.
+
+
+
+
+
+
Pattern Item:
+A pattern item can be
+
+
+
+
+a single character class,
+which matches any single character in the class;
+
+
+
+a single character class followed by '*',
+which matches sequences of zero or more characters in the class.
+These repetition items will always match the longest possible sequence;
+
+
+
+a single character class followed by '+',
+which matches sequences of one or more characters in the class.
+These repetition items will always match the longest possible sequence;
+
+
+
+a single character class followed by '-',
+which also matches sequences of zero or more characters in the class.
+Unlike '*',
+these repetition items will always match the shortest possible sequence;
+
+
+
+a single character class followed by '?',
+which matches zero or one occurrence of a character in the class.
+It always matches one occurrence if possible;
+
+
+
+%n, for n between 1 and 9;
+such item matches a substring equal to the n-th captured string
+(see below);
+
+
+
+%bxy, where x and y are two distinct characters;
+such item matches strings that start with x, end with y,
+and where the x and y are balanced.
+This means that, if one reads the string from left to right,
+counting +1 for an x and -1 for a y,
+the ending y is the first y where the count reaches 0.
+For instance, the item %b() matches expressions with
+balanced parentheses.
+
+
+
+%f[set], a frontier pattern;
+such item matches an empty string at any position such that
+the next character belongs to set
+and the previous character does not belong to set.
+The set set is interpreted as previously described.
+The beginning and the end of the subject are handled as if
+they were the character '\0'.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
Pattern:
+A pattern is a sequence of pattern items.
+A caret '^' at the beginning of a pattern anchors the match at the
+beginning of the subject string.
+A '$' at the end of a pattern anchors the match at the
+end of the subject string.
+At other positions,
+'^' and '$' have no special meaning and represent themselves.
+
+
+
+
+
+
Captures:
+A pattern can contain sub-patterns enclosed in parentheses;
+they describe captures.
+When a match succeeds, the substrings of the subject string
+that match captures are stored (captured) for future use.
+Captures are numbered according to their left parentheses.
+For instance, in the pattern "(a*(.)%w(%s*))",
+the part of the string matching "a*(.)%w(%s*)" is
+stored as the first capture, and therefore has number 1;
+the character matching "." is captured with number 2,
+and the part matching "%s*" has number 3.
+
+
+
+As a special case, the capture () captures
+the current string position (a number).
+For instance, if we apply the pattern "()aa()" on the
+string "flaaap", there will be two captures: 3 and 5.
+
+
+
+
+
+
Multiple matches:
+The function string.gsub and the iterator string.gmatch
+match multiple occurrences of the given pattern in the subject.
+For these functions,
+a new match is considered valid only
+if it ends at least one byte after the end of the previous match.
+In other words, the pattern machine never accepts the
+empty string as a match immediately after another match.
+As an example,
+consider the results of the following code:
+
+
+The second and third results come from Lua matching an empty
+string after 'b' and another one after 'c'.
+Lua does not match an empty string after 'a',
+because it would end at the same position of the previous match.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+The first argument to string.pack,
+string.packsize, and string.unpack
+is a format string,
+which describes the layout of the structure being created or read.
+
+
+
+A format string is a sequence of conversion options.
+The conversion options are as follows:
+
+
+
<: sets little endian
+
>: sets big endian
+
=: sets native endian
+
![n]: sets maximum alignment to n
+(default is native alignment)
+
b: a signed byte (char)
+
B: an unsigned byte (char)
+
h: a signed short (native size)
+
H: an unsigned short (native size)
+
l: a signed long (native size)
+
L: an unsigned long (native size)
+
j: a lua_Integer
+
J: a lua_Unsigned
+
T: a size_t (native size)
+
i[n]: a signed int with n bytes
+(default is native size)
+
I[n]: an unsigned int with n bytes
+(default is native size)
+
f: a float (native size)
+
d: a double (native size)
+
n: a lua_Number
+
cn: a fixed-sized string with n bytes
+
z: a zero-terminated string
+
s[n]: a string preceded by its length
+coded as an unsigned integer with n bytes
+(default is a size_t)
+
x: one byte of padding
+
Xop: an empty item that aligns
+according to option op
+(which is otherwise ignored)
+
'': (space) ignored
+
+(A "[n]" means an optional integral numeral.)
+Except for padding, spaces, and configurations
+(options "xX <=>!"),
+each option corresponds to an argument in string.pack
+or a result in string.unpack.
+
+
+
+For options "!n", "sn", "in", and "In",
+n can be any integer between 1 and 16.
+All integral options check overflows;
+string.pack checks whether the given value fits in the given size;
+string.unpack checks whether the read value fits in a Lua integer.
+For the unsigned options,
+Lua integers are treated as unsigned values too.
+
+
+
+Any format string starts as if prefixed by "!1=",
+that is,
+with maximum alignment of 1 (no alignment)
+and native endianness.
+
+
+
+Native endianness assumes that the whole system is
+either big or little endian.
+The packing functions will not emulate correctly the behavior
+of mixed-endian formats.
+
+
+
+Alignment works as follows:
+For each option,
+the format gets extra padding until the data starts
+at an offset that is a multiple of the minimum between the
+option size and the maximum alignment;
+this minimum must be a power of 2.
+Options "c" and "z" are not aligned;
+option "s" follows the alignment of its starting integer.
+
+
+
+This library provides basic support for UTF-8 encoding.
+It provides all its functions inside the table utf8.
+This library does not provide any support for Unicode other
+than the handling of the encoding.
+Any operation that needs the meaning of a character,
+such as character classification, is outside its scope.
+
+
+
+Unless stated otherwise,
+all functions that expect a byte position as a parameter
+assume that the given position is either the start of a byte sequence
+or one plus the length of the subject string.
+As in the string library,
+negative indices count from the end of the string.
+
+
+
+Functions that create byte sequences
+accept all values up to 0x7FFFFFFF,
+as defined in the original UTF-8 specification;
+that implies byte sequences of up to six bytes.
+
+
+
+Functions that interpret byte sequences only accept
+valid sequences (well formed and not overlong).
+By default, they only accept byte sequences
+that result in valid Unicode code points,
+rejecting values greater than 10FFFF and surrogates.
+A boolean argument lax, when available,
+lifts these checks,
+so that all values up to 0x7FFFFFFF are accepted.
+(Not well formed and overlong sequences are still rejected.)
+
+
+
+Receives zero or more integers,
+converts each one to its corresponding UTF-8 byte sequence
+and returns a string with the concatenation of all these sequences.
+
+
+
+
+
+The pattern (a string, not a function) "[\0-\x7F\xC2-\xFD][\x80-\xBF]*"
+(see §6.4.1),
+which matches exactly one UTF-8 byte sequence,
+assuming that the subject is a valid UTF-8 string.
+
+
+
+
+
+will iterate over all UTF-8 characters in string s,
+with p being the position (in bytes) and c the code point
+of each character.
+It raises an error if it meets any invalid byte sequence.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns the code points (as integers) from all characters in s
+that start between byte position i and j (both included).
+The default for i is 1 and for j is i.
+It raises an error if it meets any invalid byte sequence.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns the number of UTF-8 characters in string s
+that start between positions i and j (both inclusive).
+The default for i is 1 and for j is -1.
+If it finds any invalid byte sequence,
+returns fail plus the position of the first invalid byte.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns the position (in bytes) where the encoding of the
+n-th character of s
+(counting from position i) starts.
+A negative n gets characters before position i.
+The default for i is 1 when n is non-negative
+and #s + 1 otherwise,
+so that utf8.offset(s, -n) gets the offset of the
+n-th character from the end of the string.
+If the specified character is neither in the subject
+nor right after its end,
+the function returns fail.
+
+
+
+As a special case,
+when n is 0 the function returns the start of the encoding
+of the character that contains the i-th byte of s.
+
+
+
+This function assumes that s is a valid UTF-8 string.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+This library provides generic functions for table manipulation.
+It provides all its functions inside the table table.
+
+
+
+Remember that, whenever an operation needs the length of a table,
+all caveats about the length operator apply (see §3.4.7).
+All functions ignore non-numeric keys
+in the tables given as arguments.
+
+
+
+Given a list where all elements are strings or numbers,
+returns the string list[i]..sep..list[i+1] ··· sep..list[j].
+The default value for sep is the empty string,
+the default for i is 1,
+and the default for j is #list.
+If i is greater than j, returns the empty string.
+
+
+
+
+
+Inserts element value at position pos in list,
+shifting up the elements
+list[pos], list[pos+1], ···, list[#list].
+The default value for pos is #list+1,
+so that a call table.insert(t,x) inserts x at the end
+of the list t.
+
+
+
+
+
+Moves elements from the table a1 to the table a2,
+performing the equivalent to the following
+multiple assignment:
+a2[t],··· = a1[f],···,a1[e].
+The default for a2 is a1.
+The destination range can overlap with the source range.
+The number of elements to be moved must fit in a Lua integer.
+
+
+
+Returns a new table with all arguments stored into keys 1, 2, etc.
+and with a field "n" with the total number of arguments.
+Note that the resulting table may not be a sequence,
+if some arguments are nil.
+
+
+
+
+
+Removes from list the element at position pos,
+returning the value of the removed element.
+When pos is an integer between 1 and #list,
+it shifts down the elements
+list[pos+1], list[pos+2], ···, list[#list]
+and erases element list[#list];
+The index pos can also be 0 when #list is 0,
+or #list + 1.
+
+
+
+The default value for pos is #list,
+so that a call table.remove(l) removes the last element
+of the list l.
+
+
+
+
+
+Sorts the list elements in a given order, in-place,
+from list[1] to list[#list].
+If comp is given,
+then it must be a function that receives two list elements
+and returns true when the first element must come
+before the second in the final order,
+so that, after the sort,
+i <= j implies not comp(list[j],list[i]).
+If comp is not given,
+then the standard Lua operator < is used instead.
+
+
+
+The comp function must define a consistent order;
+more formally, the function must define a strict weak order.
+(A weak order is similar to a total order,
+but it can equate different elements for comparison purposes.)
+
+
+
+The sort algorithm is not stable:
+Different elements considered equal by the given order
+may have their relative positions changed by the sort.
+
+
+
+
+
+This library provides basic mathematical functions.
+It provides all its functions and constants inside the table math.
+Functions with the annotation "integer/float" give
+integer results for integer arguments
+and float results for non-integer arguments.
+The rounding functions
+math.ceil, math.floor, and math.modf
+return an integer when the result fits in the range of an integer,
+or a float otherwise.
+
+
+
+
+Returns the arc tangent of y/x (in radians),
+using the signs of both arguments to find the
+quadrant of the result.
+It also handles correctly the case of x being zero.
+
+
+
+The default value for x is 1,
+so that the call math.atan(y)
+returns the arc tangent of y.
+
+
+
+
+
+When called without arguments,
+returns a pseudo-random float with uniform distribution
+in the range [0,1).
+When called with two integers m and n,
+math.random returns a pseudo-random integer
+with uniform distribution in the range [m, n].
+The call math.random(n), for a positive n,
+is equivalent to math.random(1,n).
+The call math.random(0) produces an integer with
+all bits (pseudo)random.
+
+
+
+This function uses the xoshiro256** algorithm to produce
+pseudo-random 64-bit integers,
+which are the results of calls with argument 0.
+Other results (ranges and floats)
+are unbiased extracted from these integers.
+
+
+
+Lua initializes its pseudo-random generator with the equivalent of
+a call to math.randomseed with no arguments,
+so that math.random should generate
+different sequences of results each time the program runs.
+
+
+
+
+
+When called with at least one argument,
+the integer parameters x and y are
+joined into a 128-bit seed that
+is used to reinitialize the pseudo-random generator;
+equal seeds produce equal sequences of numbers.
+The default for y is zero.
+
+
+
+When called with no arguments,
+Lua generates a seed with
+a weak attempt for randomness.
+
+
+
+This function returns the two seed components
+that were effectively used,
+so that setting them again repeats the sequence.
+
+
+
+To ensure a required level of randomness to the initial state
+(or contrarily, to have a deterministic sequence,
+for instance when debugging a program),
+you should call math.randomseed with explicit arguments.
+
+
+
+
+
+The I/O library provides two different styles for file manipulation.
+The first one uses implicit file handles;
+that is, there are operations to set a default input file and a
+default output file,
+and all input/output operations are done over these default files.
+The second style uses explicit file handles.
+
+
+
+When using implicit file handles,
+all operations are supplied by table io.
+When using explicit file handles,
+the operation io.open returns a file handle
+and then all operations are supplied as methods of the file handle.
+
+
+
+The metatable for file handles provides metamethods
+for __gc and __close that try
+to close the file when called.
+
+
+
+The table io also provides
+three predefined file handles with their usual meanings from C:
+io.stdin, io.stdout, and io.stderr.
+The I/O library never closes these files.
+
+
+
+Unless otherwise stated,
+all I/O functions return fail on failure,
+plus an error message as a second result and
+a system-dependent error code as a third result,
+and some non-false value on success.
+On non-POSIX systems,
+the computation of the error message and error code
+in case of errors
+may be not thread safe,
+because they rely on the global C variable errno.
+
+
+
+When called with a file name, it opens the named file (in text mode),
+and sets its handle as the default input file.
+When called with a file handle,
+it simply sets this file handle as the default input file.
+When called without arguments,
+it returns the current default input file.
+
+
+
+In case of errors this function raises the error,
+instead of returning an error code.
+
+
+
+
+
+Opens the given file name in read mode
+and returns an iterator function that
+works like file:lines(···) over the opened file.
+When the iterator function fails to read any value,
+it automatically closes the file.
+Besides the iterator function,
+io.lines returns three other values:
+two nil values as placeholders,
+plus the created file handle.
+Therefore, when used in a generic for loop,
+the file is closed also if the loop is interrupted by an
+error or a break.
+
+
+
+The call io.lines() (with no file name) is equivalent
+to io.input():lines("l");
+that is, it iterates over the lines of the default input file.
+In this case, the iterator does not close the file when the loop ends.
+
+
+
+In case of errors opening the file,
+this function raises the error,
+instead of returning an error code.
+
+
+
+
+
+This function is system dependent and is not available
+on all platforms.
+
+
+
+Starts the program prog in a separated process and returns
+a file handle that you can use to read data from this program
+(if mode is "r", the default)
+or to write data to this program
+(if mode is "w").
+
+
+
+
+
+In case of success,
+returns a handle for a temporary file.
+This file is opened in update mode
+and it is automatically removed when the program ends.
+
+
+
+
+
+Checks whether obj is a valid file handle.
+Returns the string "file" if obj is an open file handle,
+"closed file" if obj is a closed file handle,
+or fail if obj is not a file handle.
+
+
+
+
+
+Closes file.
+Note that files are automatically closed when
+their handles are garbage collected,
+but that takes an unpredictable amount of time to happen.
+
+
+
+When closing a file handle created with io.popen,
+file:close returns the same values
+returned by os.execute.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns an iterator function that,
+each time it is called,
+reads the file according to the given formats.
+When no format is given,
+uses "l" as a default.
+As an example, the construction
+
+
+ for c in file:lines(1) do body end
+
+will iterate over all characters of the file,
+starting at the current position.
+Unlike io.lines, this function does not close the file
+when the loop ends.
+
+
+
+
+
+Reads the file file,
+according to the given formats, which specify what to read.
+For each format,
+the function returns a string or a number with the characters read,
+or fail if it cannot read data with the specified format.
+(In this latter case,
+the function does not read subsequent formats.)
+When called without arguments,
+it uses a default format that reads the next line
+(see below).
+
+
+
+The available formats are
+
+
+
+
"n":
+reads a numeral and returns it as a float or an integer,
+following the lexical conventions of Lua.
+(The numeral may have leading whitespaces and a sign.)
+This format always reads the longest input sequence that
+is a valid prefix for a numeral;
+if that prefix does not form a valid numeral
+(e.g., an empty string, "0x", or "3.4e-")
+or it is too long (more than 200 characters),
+it is discarded and the format returns fail.
+
+
+
"a":
+reads the whole file, starting at the current position.
+On end of file, it returns the empty string;
+this format never fails.
+
+
+
"l":
+reads the next line skipping the end of line,
+returning fail on end of file.
+This is the default format.
+
+
+
"L":
+reads the next line keeping the end-of-line character (if present),
+returning fail on end of file.
+
+
+
number:
+reads a string with up to this number of bytes,
+returning fail on end of file.
+If number is zero,
+it reads nothing and returns an empty string,
+or fail on end of file.
+
+
+
+The formats "l" and "L" should be used only for text files.
+
+
+
+
+
+Sets and gets the file position,
+measured from the beginning of the file,
+to the position given by offset plus a base
+specified by the string whence, as follows:
+
+
+
"set": base is position 0 (beginning of the file);
+
"cur": base is current position;
+
"end": base is end of file;
+
+In case of success, seek returns the final file position,
+measured in bytes from the beginning of the file.
+If seek fails, it returns fail,
+plus a string describing the error.
+
+
+
+The default value for whence is "cur",
+and for offset is 0.
+Therefore, the call file:seek() returns the current
+file position, without changing it;
+the call file:seek("set") sets the position to the
+beginning of the file (and returns 0);
+and the call file:seek("end") sets the position to the
+end of the file, and returns its size.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns a string or a table containing date and time,
+formatted according to the given string format.
+
+
+
+If the time argument is present,
+this is the time to be formatted
+(see the os.time function for a description of this value).
+Otherwise, date formats the current time.
+
+
+
+If format starts with '!',
+then the date is formatted in Coordinated Universal Time.
+After this optional character,
+if format is the string "*t",
+then date returns a table with the following fields:
+year, month (1–12), day (1–31),
+hour (0–23), min (0–59),
+sec (0–61, due to leap seconds),
+wday (weekday, 1–7, Sunday is 1),
+yday (day of the year, 1–366),
+and isdst (daylight saving flag, a boolean).
+This last field may be absent
+if the information is not available.
+
+
+
+If format is not "*t",
+then date returns the date as a string,
+formatted according to the same rules as the ISO C function strftime.
+
+
+
+If format is absent, it defaults to "%c",
+which gives a human-readable date and time representation
+using the current locale.
+
+
+
+On non-POSIX systems,
+this function may be not thread safe
+because of its reliance on C function gmtime and C function localtime.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns the difference, in seconds,
+from time t1 to time t2
+(where the times are values returned by os.time).
+In POSIX, Windows, and some other systems,
+this value is exactly t2-t1.
+
+
+
+
+
+This function is equivalent to the ISO C function system.
+It passes command to be executed by an operating system shell.
+Its first result is true
+if the command terminated successfully,
+or fail otherwise.
+After this first result
+the function returns a string plus a number,
+as follows:
+
+
+
+
"exit":
+the command terminated normally;
+the following number is the exit status of the command.
+
+
+
"signal":
+the command was terminated by a signal;
+the following number is the signal that terminated the command.
+
+
+
+
+
+When called without a command,
+os.execute returns a boolean that is true if a shell is available.
+
+
+
+
+
+Calls the ISO C function exit to terminate the host program.
+If code is true,
+the returned status is EXIT_SUCCESS;
+if code is false,
+the returned status is EXIT_FAILURE;
+if code is a number,
+the returned status is this number.
+The default value for code is true.
+
+
+
+If the optional second argument close is true,
+the function closes the Lua state before exiting (see lua_close).
+
+
+
+
+
+Deletes the file (or empty directory, on POSIX systems)
+with the given name.
+If this function fails, it returns fail
+plus a string describing the error and the error code.
+Otherwise, it returns true.
+
+
+
+
+
+Renames the file or directory named oldname to newname.
+If this function fails, it returns fail,
+plus a string describing the error and the error code.
+Otherwise, it returns true.
+
+
+
+
+
+Sets the current locale of the program.
+locale is a system-dependent string specifying a locale;
+category is an optional string describing which category to change:
+"all", "collate", "ctype",
+"monetary", "numeric", or "time";
+the default category is "all".
+The function returns the name of the new locale,
+or fail if the request cannot be honored.
+
+
+
+If locale is the empty string,
+the current locale is set to an implementation-defined native locale.
+If locale is the string "C",
+the current locale is set to the standard C locale.
+
+
+
+When called with nil as the first argument,
+this function only returns the name of the current locale
+for the given category.
+
+
+
+This function may be not thread safe
+because of its reliance on C function setlocale.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns the current time when called without arguments,
+or a time representing the local date and time specified by the given table.
+This table must have fields year, month, and day,
+and may have fields
+hour (default is 12),
+min (default is 0),
+sec (default is 0),
+and isdst (default is nil).
+Other fields are ignored.
+For a description of these fields, see the os.date function.
+
+
+
+When the function is called,
+the values in these fields do not need to be inside their valid ranges.
+For instance, if sec is -10,
+it means 10 seconds before the time specified by the other fields;
+if hour is 1000,
+it means 1000 hours after the time specified by the other fields.
+
+
+
+The returned value is a number, whose meaning depends on your system.
+In POSIX, Windows, and some other systems,
+this number counts the number
+of seconds since some given start time (the "epoch").
+In other systems, the meaning is not specified,
+and the number returned by time can be used only as an argument to
+os.date and os.difftime.
+
+
+
+When called with a table,
+os.time also normalizes all the fields
+documented in the os.date function,
+so that they represent the same time as before the call
+but with values inside their valid ranges.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns a string with a file name that can
+be used for a temporary file.
+The file must be explicitly opened before its use
+and explicitly removed when no longer needed.
+
+
+
+In POSIX systems,
+this function also creates a file with that name,
+to avoid security risks.
+(Someone else might create the file with wrong permissions
+in the time between getting the name and creating the file.)
+You still have to open the file to use it
+and to remove it (even if you do not use it).
+
+
+
+When possible,
+you may prefer to use io.tmpfile,
+which automatically removes the file when the program ends.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+This library provides
+the functionality of the debug interface (§4.7) to Lua programs.
+You should exert care when using this library.
+Several of its functions
+violate basic assumptions about Lua code
+(e.g., that variables local to a function
+cannot be accessed from outside;
+that userdata metatables cannot be changed by Lua code;
+that Lua programs do not crash)
+and therefore can compromise otherwise secure code.
+Moreover, some functions in this library may be slow.
+
+
+
+All functions in this library are provided
+inside the debug table.
+All functions that operate over a thread
+have an optional first argument which is the
+thread to operate over.
+The default is always the current thread.
+
+
+
+Enters an interactive mode with the user,
+running each string that the user enters.
+Using simple commands and other debug facilities,
+the user can inspect global and local variables,
+change their values, evaluate expressions, and so on.
+A line containing only the word cont finishes this function,
+so that the caller continues its execution.
+
+
+
+Note that commands for debug.debug are not lexically nested
+within any function and so have no direct access to local variables.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns the current hook settings of the thread, as three values:
+the current hook function, the current hook mask,
+and the current hook count,
+as set by the debug.sethook function.
+
+
+
+Returns fail if there is no active hook.
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns a table with information about a function.
+You can give the function directly
+or you can give a number as the value of f,
+which means the function running at level f of the call stack
+of the given thread:
+level 0 is the current function (getinfo itself);
+level 1 is the function that called getinfo
+(except for tail calls, which do not count in the stack);
+and so on.
+If f is a number greater than the number of active functions,
+then getinfo returns fail.
+
+
+
+The returned table can contain all the fields returned by lua_getinfo,
+with the string what describing which fields to fill in.
+The default for what is to get all information available,
+except the table of valid lines.
+If present,
+the option 'f'
+adds a field named func with the function itself.
+If present,
+the option 'L'
+adds a field named activelines with the table of
+valid lines.
+
+
+
+For instance, the expression debug.getinfo(1,"n").name returns
+a name for the current function,
+if a reasonable name can be found,
+and the expression debug.getinfo(print)
+returns a table with all available information
+about the print function.
+
+
+
+
+
+This function returns the name and the value of the local variable
+with index local of the function at level f of the stack.
+This function accesses not only explicit local variables,
+but also parameters and temporary values.
+
+
+
+The first parameter or local variable has index 1, and so on,
+following the order that they are declared in the code,
+counting only the variables that are active
+in the current scope of the function.
+Compile-time constants may not appear in this listing,
+if they were optimized away by the compiler.
+Negative indices refer to vararg arguments;
+-1 is the first vararg argument.
+The function returns fail
+if there is no variable with the given index,
+and raises an error when called with a level out of range.
+(You can call debug.getinfo to check whether the level is valid.)
+
+
+
+Variable names starting with '(' (open parenthesis)
+represent variables with no known names
+(internal variables such as loop control variables,
+and variables from chunks saved without debug information).
+
+
+
+The parameter f may also be a function.
+In that case, getlocal returns only the name of function parameters.
+
+
+
+
+
+This function returns the name and the value of the upvalue
+with index up of the function f.
+The function returns fail
+if there is no upvalue with the given index.
+
+
+
+(For Lua functions,
+upvalues are the external local variables that the function uses,
+and that are consequently included in its closure.)
+
+
+
+For C functions, this function uses the empty string ""
+as a name for all upvalues.
+
+
+
+Variable name '?' (interrogation mark)
+represents variables with no known names
+(variables from chunks saved without debug information).
+
+
+
+
+
+Sets the given function as the debug hook.
+The string mask and the number count describe
+when the hook will be called.
+The string mask may have any combination of the following characters,
+with the given meaning:
+
+
+
'c': the hook is called every time Lua calls a function;
+
'r': the hook is called every time Lua returns from a function;
+
'l': the hook is called every time Lua enters a new line of code.
+
+Moreover,
+with a count different from zero,
+the hook is called also after every count instructions.
+
+
+
+When called without arguments,
+debug.sethook turns off the hook.
+
+
+
+When the hook is called, its first parameter is a string
+describing the event that has triggered its call:
+"call", "tail call", "return",
+"line", and "count".
+For line events,
+the hook also gets the new line number as its second parameter.
+Inside a hook,
+you can call getinfo with level 2 to get more information about
+the running function.
+(Level 0 is the getinfo function,
+and level 1 is the hook function.)
+
+
+
+
+
+This function assigns the value value to the local variable
+with index local of the function at level level of the stack.
+The function returns fail if there is no local
+variable with the given index,
+and raises an error when called with a level out of range.
+(You can call getinfo to check whether the level is valid.)
+Otherwise, it returns the name of the local variable.
+
+
+
+See debug.getlocal for more information about
+variable indices and names.
+
+
+
+
+
+This function assigns the value value to the upvalue
+with index up of the function f.
+The function returns fail if there is no upvalue
+with the given index.
+Otherwise, it returns the name of the upvalue.
+
+
+
+See debug.getupvalue for more information about upvalues.
+
+
+
+
+
+If message is present but is neither a string nor nil,
+this function returns message without further processing.
+Otherwise,
+it returns a string with a traceback of the call stack.
+The optional message string is appended
+at the beginning of the traceback.
+An optional level number tells at which level
+to start the traceback
+(default is 1, the function calling traceback).
+
+
+
+
+
+Returns a unique identifier (as a light userdata)
+for the upvalue numbered n
+from the given function.
+
+
+
+These unique identifiers allow a program to check whether different
+closures share upvalues.
+Lua closures that share an upvalue
+(that is, that access a same external local variable)
+will return identical ids for those upvalue indices.
+
+
+
+
+
+Although Lua has been designed as an extension language,
+to be embedded in a host C program,
+it is also frequently used as a standalone language.
+An interpreter for Lua as a standalone language,
+called simply lua,
+is provided with the standard distribution.
+The standalone interpreter includes
+all standard libraries.
+Its usage is:
+
+
+ lua [options] [script [args]]
+
+The options are:
+
+
+
-e stat: execute string stat;
+
-i: enter interactive mode after running script;
+
-l mod: "require" mod and assign the
+ result to global mod;
+
-l g=mod: "require" mod and assign the
+ result to global g;
+
-v: print version information;
+
-E: ignore environment variables;
+
-W: turn warnings on;
+
--: stop handling options;
+
-: execute stdin as a file and stop handling options.
+
+(The form -l g=mod was introduced in release 5.4.4.)
+
+
+
+After handling its options, lua runs the given script.
+When called without arguments,
+lua behaves as lua -v -i
+when the standard input (stdin) is a terminal,
+and as lua - otherwise.
+
+
+
+When called without the option -E,
+the interpreter checks for an environment variable LUA_INIT_5_4
+(or LUA_INIT if the versioned name is not defined)
+before running any argument.
+If the variable content has the format @filename,
+then lua executes the file.
+Otherwise, lua executes the string itself.
+
+
+
+When called with the option -E,
+Lua does not consult any environment variables.
+In particular,
+the values of package.path and package.cpath
+are set with the default paths defined in luaconf.h.
+
+
+
+The options -e, -l, and -W are handled in
+the order they appear.
+For instance, an invocation like
+
+
+ $ lua -e 'a=1' -llib1 script.lua
+
+will first set a to 1, then require the library lib1,
+and finally run the file script.lua with no arguments.
+(Here $ is the shell prompt. Your prompt may be different.)
+
+
+
+Before running any code,
+lua collects all command-line arguments
+in a global table called arg.
+The script name goes to index 0,
+the first argument after the script name goes to index 1,
+and so on.
+Any arguments before the script name
+(that is, the interpreter name plus its options)
+go to negative indices.
+For instance, in the call
+
+
+If there is no script in the call,
+the interpreter name goes to index 0,
+followed by the other arguments.
+For instance, the call
+
+
+ $ lua -e "print(arg[1])"
+
+will print "-e".
+If there is a script,
+the script is called with arguments
+arg[1], ···, arg[#arg].
+Like all chunks in Lua,
+the script is compiled as a variadic function.
+
+
+
+In interactive mode,
+Lua repeatedly prompts and waits for a line.
+After reading a line,
+Lua first try to interpret the line as an expression.
+If it succeeds, it prints its value.
+Otherwise, it interprets the line as a statement.
+If you write an incomplete statement,
+the interpreter waits for its completion
+by issuing a different prompt.
+
+
+
+If the global variable _PROMPT contains a string,
+then its value is used as the prompt.
+Similarly, if the global variable _PROMPT2 contains a string,
+its value is used as the secondary prompt
+(issued during incomplete statements).
+
+
+
+In case of unprotected errors in the script,
+the interpreter reports the error to the standard error stream.
+If the error object is not a string but
+has a metamethod __tostring,
+the interpreter calls this metamethod to produce the final message.
+Otherwise, the interpreter converts the error object to a string
+and adds a stack traceback to it.
+When warnings are on,
+they are simply printed in the standard error output.
+
+
+
+When finishing normally,
+the interpreter closes its main Lua state
+(see lua_close).
+The script can avoid this step by
+calling os.exit to terminate.
+
+
+
+To allow the use of Lua as a
+script interpreter in Unix systems,
+Lua skips the first line of a file chunk if it starts with #.
+Therefore, Lua scripts can be made into executable programs
+by using chmod +x and the #! form,
+as in
+
+
+ #!/usr/local/bin/lua
+
+Of course,
+the location of the Lua interpreter may be different in your machine.
+If lua is in your PATH,
+then
+
+
+Here we list the incompatibilities that you may find when moving a program
+from Lua 5.3 to Lua 5.4.
+
+
+
+You can avoid some incompatibilities by compiling Lua with
+appropriate options (see file luaconf.h).
+However,
+all these compatibility options will be removed in the future.
+More often than not,
+compatibility issues arise when these compatibility options
+are removed.
+So, whenever you have the chance,
+you should try to test your code with a version of Lua compiled
+with all compatibility options turned off.
+That will ease transitions to newer versions of Lua.
+
+
+
+Lua versions can always change the C API in ways that
+do not imply source-code changes in a program,
+such as the numeric values for constants
+or the implementation of functions as macros.
+Therefore,
+you should never assume that binaries are compatible between
+different Lua versions.
+Always recompile clients of the Lua API when
+using a new version.
+
+
+
+Similarly, Lua versions can always change the internal representation
+of precompiled chunks;
+precompiled chunks are not compatible between different Lua versions.
+
+
+
+The standard paths in the official distribution may
+change between versions.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+The coercion of strings to numbers in
+arithmetic and bitwise operations
+has been removed from the core language.
+The string library does a similar job
+for arithmetic (but not for bitwise) operations
+using the string metamethods.
+However, unlike in previous versions,
+the new implementation preserves the implicit type of the numeral
+in the string.
+For instance, the result of "1" + "2" now is an integer,
+not a float.
+
+
+
+Literal decimal integer constants that overflow are read as floats,
+instead of wrapping around.
+You can use hexadecimal notation for such constants if you
+want the old behavior
+(reading them as integers with wrap around).
+
+
+
+The use of the __lt metamethod to emulate __le
+has been removed.
+When needed, this metamethod must be explicitly defined.
+
+
+
+The semantics of the numerical for loop
+over integers changed in some details.
+In particular, the control variable never wraps around.
+
+
+
+A label for a goto cannot be declared where a label with the same
+name is visible, even if this other label is declared in an enclosing
+block.
+
+
+
+When finalizing an object,
+Lua does not ignore __gc metamethods that are not functions.
+Any value will be called, if present.
+(Non-callable values will generate a warning,
+like any other error when calling a finalizer.)
+
+The function print does not call tostring
+to format its arguments;
+instead, it has this functionality hardwired.
+You should use __tostring to modify how values are printed.
+
+
+
+The pseudo-random number generator used by the function math.random
+now starts with a somewhat random seed.
+Moreover, it uses a different algorithm.
+
+
+
+By default, the decoding functions in the utf8 library
+do not accept surrogates as valid code points.
+An extra parameter in these functions makes them more permissive.
+
+
+
+The options "setpause" and "setstepmul"
+of the function collectgarbage are deprecated.
+You should use the new option "incremental" to set them.
+
+
+
+The function io.lines now returns four values,
+instead of just one.
+That can be a problem when it is used as the sole
+argument to another function that has optional parameters,
+such as in load(io.lines(filename, "L")).
+To fix that issue,
+you can wrap the call into parentheses,
+to adjust its number of results to one.
+
+Full userdata now has an arbitrary number of associated user values.
+Therefore, the functions lua_newuserdata,
+lua_setuservalue, and lua_getuservalue were
+replaced by lua_newuserdatauv,
+lua_setiuservalue, and lua_getiuservalue,
+which have an extra argument.
+
+
+
+For compatibility, the old names still work as macros assuming
+one single user value.
+Note, however, that userdata with zero user values
+are more efficient memory-wise.
+
+
+
+The function lua_resume has an extra parameter.
+This out parameter returns the number of values on
+the top of the stack that were yielded or returned by the coroutine.
+(In previous versions,
+those values were the entire stack.)
+
+
+
+The function lua_version returns the version number,
+instead of an address of the version number.
+The Lua core should work correctly with libraries using their
+own static copies of the same core,
+so there is no need to check whether they are using the same
+address space.
+
+
+
+The constant LUA_ERRGCMM was removed.
+Errors in finalizers are never propagated;
+instead, they generate a warning.
+
+
+
+The options LUA_GCSETPAUSE and LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL
+of the function lua_gc are deprecated.
+You should use the new option LUA_GCINC to set them.
+
+Here is the complete syntax of Lua in extended BNF.
+As usual in extended BNF,
+{A} means 0 or more As,
+and [A] means an optional A.
+(For operator precedences, see §3.4.8;
+for a description of the terminals
+Name, Numeral,
+and LiteralString, see §3.1.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+ chunk ::= block
+
+ block ::= {stat} [retstat]
+
+ stat ::= ‘;’ |
+ varlist ‘=’ explist |
+ functioncall |
+ label |
+ break |
+ goto Name |
+ do block end |
+ while exp do block end |
+ repeat block until exp |
+ if exp then block {elseif exp then block} [else block] end |
+ for Name ‘=’ exp ‘,’ exp [‘,’ exp] do block end |
+ for namelist in explist do block end |
+ function funcname funcbody |
+ localfunction Name funcbody |
+ local attnamelist [‘=’ explist]
+
+ attnamelist ::= Name attrib {‘,’ Name attrib}
+
+ attrib ::= [‘<’ Name ‘>’]
+
+ retstat ::= return [explist] [‘;’]
+
+ label ::= ‘::’ Name ‘::’
+
+ funcname ::= Name {‘.’ Name} [‘:’ Name]
+
+ varlist ::= var {‘,’ var}
+
+ var ::= Name | prefixexp ‘[’ exp ‘]’ | prefixexp ‘.’ Name
+
+ namelist ::= Name {‘,’ Name}
+
+ explist ::= exp {‘,’ exp}
+
+ exp ::= nil | false | true | Numeral | LiteralString | ‘...’ | functiondef |
+ prefixexp | tableconstructor | exp binop exp | unop exp
+
+ prefixexp ::= var | functioncall | ‘(’ exp ‘)’
+
+ functioncall ::= prefixexp args | prefixexp ‘:’ Name args
+
+ args ::= ‘(’ [explist] ‘)’ | tableconstructor | LiteralString
+
+ functiondef ::= function funcbody
+
+ funcbody ::= ‘(’ [parlist] ‘)’ block end
+
+ parlist ::= namelist [‘,’ ‘...’] | ‘...’
+
+ tableconstructor ::= ‘{’ [fieldlist] ‘}’
+
+ fieldlist ::= field {fieldsep field} [fieldsep]
+
+ field ::= ‘[’ exp ‘]’ ‘=’ exp | Name ‘=’ exp | exp
+
+ fieldsep ::= ‘,’ | ‘;’
+
+ binop ::= ‘+’ | ‘-’ | ‘*’ | ‘/’ | ‘//’ | ‘^’ | ‘%’ |
+ ‘&’ | ‘~’ | ‘|’ | ‘>>’ | ‘<<’ | ‘..’ |
+ ‘<’ | ‘<=’ | ‘>’ | ‘>=’ | ‘==’ | ‘~=’ |
+ and | or
+
+ unop ::= ‘-’ | not | ‘#’ | ‘~’
+
+
+Lua is a powerful, efficient, lightweight, embeddable scripting language
+developed by a
+team
+at
+PUC-Rio,
+the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil.
+Lua is
+free software
+used in
+many products and projects
+around the world.
+
+
+Lua is distributed in
+source
+form.
+You need to build it before using it.
+Building Lua should be straightforward
+because
+Lua is implemented in pure ANSI C and compiles unmodified in all known
+platforms that have an ANSI C compiler.
+Lua also compiles unmodified as C++.
+The instructions given below for building Lua are for Unix-like platforms,
+such as Linux and Mac OS X.
+See also
+instructions for other systems
+and
+customization options.
+
+
+If you don't have the time or the inclination to compile Lua yourself,
+get a binary from
+LuaBinaries.
+
+
Building Lua
+
+In most common Unix-like platforms, simply do "make".
+Here are the details.
+
+
+
+Open a terminal window and move to
+the top-level directory, which is named lua-5.4.5.
+The Makefile there controls both the build process and the installation process.
+
+
+ Do "make". The Makefile will guess your platform and build Lua for it.
+
+
+ If the guess failed, do "make help" and see if your platform is listed.
+ The platforms currently supported are:
+
+
+ guess aix bsd c89 freebsd generic ios linux linux-readline macosx mingw posix solaris
+
+
+ If your platform is listed, just do "make xxx", where xxx
+ is your platform name.
+
+ If your platform is not listed, try the closest one or posix, generic,
+ c89, in this order.
+
+
+The compilation takes only a few moments
+and produces three files in the src directory:
+lua (the interpreter),
+luac (the compiler),
+and liblua.a (the library).
+
+
+ To check that Lua has been built correctly, do "make test"
+ after building Lua. This will run the interpreter and print its version.
+
+
+If you're running Linux, try "make linux-readline" to build the interactive Lua interpreter with handy line-editing and history capabilities.
+If you get compilation errors,
+make sure you have installed the readline development package
+(which is probably named libreadline-dev or readline-devel).
+If you get link errors after that,
+then try "make linux-readline MYLIBS=-ltermcap".
+
+
Installing Lua
+
+ Once you have built Lua, you may want to install it in an official
+ place in your system. In this case, do "make install". The official
+ place and the way to install files are defined in the Makefile. You'll
+ probably need the right permissions to install files, and so may need to do "sudo make install".
+
+
+ To build and install Lua in one step, do "make all install",
+ or "make xxx install",
+ where xxx is your platform name.
+
+
+ To install Lua locally after building it, do "make local".
+ This will create a directory install with subdirectories
+ bin, include, lib, man, share,
+ and install Lua as listed below.
+
+ To install Lua locally, but in some other directory, do
+ "make install INSTALL_TOP=xxx", where xxx is your chosen directory.
+ The installation starts in the src and doc directories,
+ so take care if INSTALL_TOP is not an absolute path.
+
+
+
+ bin:
+
+ lua luac
+
+ include:
+
+ lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h lua.hpp
+
+ lib:
+
+ liblua.a
+
+ man/man1:
+
+ lua.1 luac.1
+
+
+
+ These are the only directories you need for development.
+ If you only want to run Lua programs,
+ you only need the files in bin and man.
+ The files in include and lib are needed for
+ embedding Lua in C or C++ programs.
+
+
+ Three kinds of things can be customized by editing a file:
+
+
Where and how to install Lua — edit Makefile.
+
How to build Lua — edit src/Makefile.
+
Lua features — edit src/luaconf.h.
+
+
+
+ You don't actually need to edit the Makefiles because you may set the
+ relevant variables in the command line when invoking make.
+ Nevertheless, it's probably best to edit and save the Makefiles to
+ record the changes you've made.
+
+
+ On the other hand, if you need to customize some Lua features, you'll need
+ to edit src/luaconf.h before building and installing Lua.
+ The edited file will be the one installed, and
+ it will be used by any Lua clients that you build, to ensure consistency.
+ Further customization is available to experts by editing the Lua sources.
+
+
+ If you're not using the usual Unix tools, then the instructions for
+ building Lua depend on the compiler you use. You'll need to create
+ projects (or whatever your compiler uses) for building the library,
+ the interpreter, and the compiler, as follows:
+
+
+ To use Lua as a library in your own programs, you'll need to know how to
+ create and use libraries with your compiler. Moreover, to dynamically load
+ C libraries for Lua, you'll need to know how to create dynamic libraries
+ and you'll need to make sure that the Lua API functions are accessible to
+ those dynamic libraries — but don't link the Lua library
+ into each dynamic library. For Unix, we recommend that the Lua library
+ be linked statically into the host program and its symbols exported for
+ dynamic linking; src/Makefile does this for the Lua interpreter.
+ For Windows, we recommend that the Lua library be a DLL.
+ In all cases, the compiler luac should be linked statically.
+
+
+ As mentioned above, you may edit src/luaconf.h to customize
+ some features before building Lua.
+
+
+
+
+
+Lua is free software distributed under the terms of the
+MIT license
+reproduced below;
+it may be used for any purpose, including commercial purposes,
+at absolutely no cost without having to ask us.
+
+The only requirement is that if you do use Lua,
+then you should give us credit by including the appropriate copyright notice somewhere in your product or its documentation.
+
+For details, see
+this.
+
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+THE SOFTWARE.
+
+
+
+
+Last update:
+Mon Mar 27 21:22:06 UTC 2023
+
+
+
+
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/Makefile b/lua-5.4.5/src/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b771196
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+# Makefile for building Lua
+# See ../doc/readme.html for installation and customization instructions.
+
+# == CHANGE THE SETTINGS BELOW TO SUIT YOUR ENVIRONMENT =======================
+
+# Your platform. See PLATS for possible values.
+PLAT= guess
+
+CC= gcc -std=gnu99
+CFLAGS= -O2 -Wall -Wextra -DLUA_COMPAT_5_3 $(SYSCFLAGS) $(MYCFLAGS)
+LDFLAGS= $(SYSLDFLAGS) $(MYLDFLAGS)
+LIBS= -lm $(SYSLIBS) $(MYLIBS)
+
+AR= ar rcu
+RANLIB= ranlib
+RM= rm -f
+UNAME= uname
+
+SYSCFLAGS=
+SYSLDFLAGS=
+SYSLIBS=
+
+MYCFLAGS=
+MYLDFLAGS=
+MYLIBS=
+MYOBJS=
+
+# Special flags for compiler modules; -Os reduces code size.
+CMCFLAGS=
+
+# == END OF USER SETTINGS -- NO NEED TO CHANGE ANYTHING BELOW THIS LINE =======
+
+PLATS= guess aix bsd c89 freebsd generic ios linux linux-readline macosx mingw posix solaris
+
+LUA_A= liblua.a
+CORE_O= lapi.o lcode.o lctype.o ldebug.o ldo.o ldump.o lfunc.o lgc.o llex.o lmem.o lobject.o lopcodes.o lparser.o lstate.o lstring.o ltable.o ltm.o lundump.o lvm.o lzio.o
+LIB_O= lauxlib.o lbaselib.o lcorolib.o ldblib.o liolib.o lmathlib.o loadlib.o loslib.o lstrlib.o ltablib.o lutf8lib.o linit.o
+BASE_O= $(CORE_O) $(LIB_O) $(MYOBJS)
+
+LUA_T= lua
+LUA_O= lua.o
+
+LUAC_T= luac
+LUAC_O= luac.o
+
+ALL_O= $(BASE_O) $(LUA_O) $(LUAC_O)
+ALL_T= $(LUA_A) $(LUA_T) $(LUAC_T)
+ALL_A= $(LUA_A)
+
+# Targets start here.
+default: $(PLAT)
+
+all: $(ALL_T)
+
+o: $(ALL_O)
+
+a: $(ALL_A)
+
+$(LUA_A): $(BASE_O)
+ $(AR) $@ $(BASE_O)
+ $(RANLIB) $@
+
+$(LUA_T): $(LUA_O) $(LUA_A)
+ $(CC) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) $(LUA_O) $(LUA_A) $(LIBS)
+
+$(LUAC_T): $(LUAC_O) $(LUA_A)
+ $(CC) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) $(LUAC_O) $(LUA_A) $(LIBS)
+
+test:
+ ./$(LUA_T) -v
+
+clean:
+ $(RM) $(ALL_T) $(ALL_O)
+
+depend:
+ @$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -MM l*.c
+
+echo:
+ @echo "PLAT= $(PLAT)"
+ @echo "CC= $(CC)"
+ @echo "CFLAGS= $(CFLAGS)"
+ @echo "LDFLAGS= $(LDFLAGS)"
+ @echo "LIBS= $(LIBS)"
+ @echo "AR= $(AR)"
+ @echo "RANLIB= $(RANLIB)"
+ @echo "RM= $(RM)"
+ @echo "UNAME= $(UNAME)"
+
+# Convenience targets for popular platforms.
+ALL= all
+
+help:
+ @echo "Do 'make PLATFORM' where PLATFORM is one of these:"
+ @echo " $(PLATS)"
+ @echo "See doc/readme.html for complete instructions."
+
+guess:
+ @echo Guessing `$(UNAME)`
+ @$(MAKE) `$(UNAME)`
+
+AIX aix:
+ $(MAKE) $(ALL) CC="xlc" CFLAGS="-O2 -DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" SYSLIBS="-ldl" SYSLDFLAGS="-brtl -bexpall"
+
+bsd:
+ $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E"
+
+c89:
+ $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_C89" CC="gcc -std=c89"
+ @echo ''
+ @echo '*** C89 does not guarantee 64-bit integers for Lua.'
+ @echo '*** Make sure to compile all external Lua libraries'
+ @echo '*** with LUA_USE_C89 to ensure consistency'
+ @echo ''
+
+FreeBSD NetBSD OpenBSD freebsd:
+ $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_LINUX -DLUA_USE_READLINE -I/usr/include/edit" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E -ledit" CC="cc"
+
+generic: $(ALL)
+
+ios:
+ $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_IOS"
+
+Linux linux: linux-noreadline
+
+linux-noreadline:
+ $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_LINUX" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E -ldl"
+
+linux-readline:
+ $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_LINUX -DLUA_USE_READLINE" SYSLIBS="-Wl,-E -ldl -lreadline"
+
+Darwin macos macosx:
+ $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_MACOSX -DLUA_USE_READLINE" SYSLIBS="-lreadline"
+
+mingw:
+ $(MAKE) "LUA_A=lua54.dll" "LUA_T=lua.exe" \
+ "AR=$(CC) -shared -o" "RANLIB=strip --strip-unneeded" \
+ "SYSCFLAGS=-DLUA_BUILD_AS_DLL" "SYSLIBS=" "SYSLDFLAGS=-s" lua.exe
+ $(MAKE) "LUAC_T=luac.exe" luac.exe
+
+posix:
+ $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX"
+
+SunOS solaris:
+ $(MAKE) $(ALL) SYSCFLAGS="-DLUA_USE_POSIX -DLUA_USE_DLOPEN -D_REENTRANT" SYSLIBS="-ldl"
+
+# Targets that do not create files (not all makes understand .PHONY).
+.PHONY: all $(PLATS) help test clean default o a depend echo
+
+# Compiler modules may use special flags.
+llex.o:
+ $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CMCFLAGS) -c llex.c
+
+lparser.o:
+ $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CMCFLAGS) -c lparser.c
+
+lcode.o:
+ $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CMCFLAGS) -c lcode.c
+
+# DO NOT DELETE
+
+lapi.o: lapi.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h \
+ lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lstring.h \
+ ltable.h lundump.h lvm.h
+lauxlib.o: lauxlib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h
+lbaselib.o: lbaselib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+lcode.o: lcode.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lcode.h llex.h lobject.h \
+ llimits.h lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lparser.h ldebug.h lstate.h ltm.h \
+ ldo.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h
+lcorolib.o: lcorolib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+lctype.o: lctype.c lprefix.h lctype.h lua.h luaconf.h llimits.h
+ldblib.o: ldblib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+ldebug.o: ldebug.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h \
+ lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lcode.h llex.h lopcodes.h lparser.h \
+ ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h lvm.h
+ldo.o: ldo.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h \
+ lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lopcodes.h \
+ lparser.h lstring.h ltable.h lundump.h lvm.h
+ldump.o: ldump.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lobject.h llimits.h lstate.h \
+ ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lundump.h
+lfunc.o: lfunc.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
+ llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h
+lgc.o: lgc.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
+ llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h
+linit.o: linit.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lualib.h lauxlib.h
+liolib.o: liolib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+llex.o: llex.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lctype.h llimits.h ldebug.h \
+ lstate.h lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h llex.h lparser.h \
+ lstring.h ltable.h
+lmathlib.o: lmathlib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+lmem.o: lmem.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
+ llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h
+loadlib.o: loadlib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+lobject.o: lobject.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lctype.h llimits.h \
+ ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lstring.h lgc.h \
+ lvm.h
+lopcodes.o: lopcodes.c lprefix.h lopcodes.h llimits.h lua.h luaconf.h
+loslib.o: loslib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+lparser.o: lparser.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lcode.h llex.h lobject.h \
+ llimits.h lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lparser.h ldebug.h lstate.h ltm.h \
+ ldo.h lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h ltable.h
+lstate.o: lstate.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lapi.h llimits.h lstate.h \
+ lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldebug.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h llex.h \
+ lstring.h ltable.h
+lstring.o: lstring.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h \
+ lobject.h llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lstring.h lgc.h
+lstrlib.o: lstrlib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+ltable.o: ltable.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
+ llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h
+ltablib.o: ltablib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+ltm.o: ltm.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
+ llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lgc.h lstring.h ltable.h lvm.h
+lua.o: lua.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+luac.o: luac.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h ldebug.h lstate.h \
+ lobject.h llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h lopcodes.h lopnames.h lundump.h
+lundump.o: lundump.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h \
+ lobject.h llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lstring.h lgc.h \
+ lundump.h
+lutf8lib.o: lutf8lib.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h lauxlib.h lualib.h
+lvm.o: lvm.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h ldebug.h lstate.h lobject.h \
+ llimits.h ltm.h lzio.h lmem.h ldo.h lfunc.h lgc.h lopcodes.h lstring.h \
+ ltable.h lvm.h ljumptab.h
+lzio.o: lzio.c lprefix.h lua.h luaconf.h llimits.h lmem.h lstate.h \
+ lobject.h ltm.h lzio.h
+
+# (end of Makefile)
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lapi.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lapi.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..34e64af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lapi.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1463 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lapi.c $
+** Lua API
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lapi_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lapi.h"
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h"
+#include "lfunc.h"
+#include "lgc.h"
+#include "lmem.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+#include "lstring.h"
+#include "ltable.h"
+#include "ltm.h"
+#include "lundump.h"
+#include "lvm.h"
+
+
+
+const char lua_ident[] =
+ "$LuaVersion: " LUA_COPYRIGHT " $"
+ "$LuaAuthors: " LUA_AUTHORS " $";
+
+
+
+/*
+** Test for a valid index (one that is not the 'nilvalue').
+** '!ttisnil(o)' implies 'o != &G(L)->nilvalue', so it is not needed.
+** However, it covers the most common cases in a faster way.
+*/
+#define isvalid(L, o) (!ttisnil(o) || o != &G(L)->nilvalue)
+
+
+/* test for pseudo index */
+#define ispseudo(i) ((i) <= LUA_REGISTRYINDEX)
+
+/* test for upvalue */
+#define isupvalue(i) ((i) < LUA_REGISTRYINDEX)
+
+
+/*
+** Convert an acceptable index to a pointer to its respective value.
+** Non-valid indices return the special nil value 'G(L)->nilvalue'.
+*/
+static TValue *index2value (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
+ if (idx > 0) {
+ StkId o = ci->func.p + idx;
+ api_check(L, idx <= ci->top.p - (ci->func.p + 1), "unacceptable index");
+ if (o >= L->top.p) return &G(L)->nilvalue;
+ else return s2v(o);
+ }
+ else if (!ispseudo(idx)) { /* negative index */
+ api_check(L, idx != 0 && -idx <= L->top.p - (ci->func.p + 1),
+ "invalid index");
+ return s2v(L->top.p + idx);
+ }
+ else if (idx == LUA_REGISTRYINDEX)
+ return &G(L)->l_registry;
+ else { /* upvalues */
+ idx = LUA_REGISTRYINDEX - idx;
+ api_check(L, idx <= MAXUPVAL + 1, "upvalue index too large");
+ if (ttisCclosure(s2v(ci->func.p))) { /* C closure? */
+ CClosure *func = clCvalue(s2v(ci->func.p));
+ return (idx <= func->nupvalues) ? &func->upvalue[idx-1]
+ : &G(L)->nilvalue;
+ }
+ else { /* light C function or Lua function (through a hook)?) */
+ api_check(L, ttislcf(s2v(ci->func.p)), "caller not a C function");
+ return &G(L)->nilvalue; /* no upvalues */
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+** Convert a valid actual index (not a pseudo-index) to its address.
+*/
+l_sinline StkId index2stack (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
+ if (idx > 0) {
+ StkId o = ci->func.p + idx;
+ api_check(L, o < L->top.p, "invalid index");
+ return o;
+ }
+ else { /* non-positive index */
+ api_check(L, idx != 0 && -idx <= L->top.p - (ci->func.p + 1),
+ "invalid index");
+ api_check(L, !ispseudo(idx), "invalid index");
+ return L->top.p + idx;
+ }
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_checkstack (lua_State *L, int n) {
+ int res;
+ CallInfo *ci;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ ci = L->ci;
+ api_check(L, n >= 0, "negative 'n'");
+ if (L->stack_last.p - L->top.p > n) /* stack large enough? */
+ res = 1; /* yes; check is OK */
+ else /* need to grow stack */
+ res = luaD_growstack(L, n, 0);
+ if (res && ci->top.p < L->top.p + n)
+ ci->top.p = L->top.p + n; /* adjust frame top */
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return res;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_xmove (lua_State *from, lua_State *to, int n) {
+ int i;
+ if (from == to) return;
+ lua_lock(to);
+ api_checknelems(from, n);
+ api_check(from, G(from) == G(to), "moving among independent states");
+ api_check(from, to->ci->top.p - to->top.p >= n, "stack overflow");
+ from->top.p -= n;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ setobjs2s(to, to->top.p, from->top.p + i);
+ to->top.p++; /* stack already checked by previous 'api_check' */
+ }
+ lua_unlock(to);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API lua_CFunction lua_atpanic (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction panicf) {
+ lua_CFunction old;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ old = G(L)->panic;
+ G(L)->panic = panicf;
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return old;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API lua_Number lua_version (lua_State *L) {
+ UNUSED(L);
+ return LUA_VERSION_NUM;
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+** basic stack manipulation
+*/
+
+
+/*
+** convert an acceptable stack index into an absolute index
+*/
+LUA_API int lua_absindex (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ return (idx > 0 || ispseudo(idx))
+ ? idx
+ : cast_int(L->top.p - L->ci->func.p) + idx;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_gettop (lua_State *L) {
+ return cast_int(L->top.p - (L->ci->func.p + 1));
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_settop (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ CallInfo *ci;
+ StkId func, newtop;
+ ptrdiff_t diff; /* difference for new top */
+ lua_lock(L);
+ ci = L->ci;
+ func = ci->func.p;
+ if (idx >= 0) {
+ api_check(L, idx <= ci->top.p - (func + 1), "new top too large");
+ diff = ((func + 1) + idx) - L->top.p;
+ for (; diff > 0; diff--)
+ setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p++)); /* clear new slots */
+ }
+ else {
+ api_check(L, -(idx+1) <= (L->top.p - (func + 1)), "invalid new top");
+ diff = idx + 1; /* will "subtract" index (as it is negative) */
+ }
+ api_check(L, L->tbclist.p < L->top.p, "previous pop of an unclosed slot");
+ newtop = L->top.p + diff;
+ if (diff < 0 && L->tbclist.p >= newtop) {
+ lua_assert(hastocloseCfunc(ci->nresults));
+ newtop = luaF_close(L, newtop, CLOSEKTOP, 0);
+ }
+ L->top.p = newtop; /* correct top only after closing any upvalue */
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_closeslot (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ StkId level;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ level = index2stack(L, idx);
+ api_check(L, hastocloseCfunc(L->ci->nresults) && L->tbclist.p == level,
+ "no variable to close at given level");
+ level = luaF_close(L, level, CLOSEKTOP, 0);
+ setnilvalue(s2v(level));
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Reverse the stack segment from 'from' to 'to'
+** (auxiliary to 'lua_rotate')
+** Note that we move(copy) only the value inside the stack.
+** (We do not move additional fields that may exist.)
+*/
+l_sinline void reverse (lua_State *L, StkId from, StkId to) {
+ for (; from < to; from++, to--) {
+ TValue temp;
+ setobj(L, &temp, s2v(from));
+ setobjs2s(L, from, to);
+ setobj2s(L, to, &temp);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Let x = AB, where A is a prefix of length 'n'. Then,
+** rotate x n == BA. But BA == (A^r . B^r)^r.
+*/
+LUA_API void lua_rotate (lua_State *L, int idx, int n) {
+ StkId p, t, m;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ t = L->top.p - 1; /* end of stack segment being rotated */
+ p = index2stack(L, idx); /* start of segment */
+ api_check(L, (n >= 0 ? n : -n) <= (t - p + 1), "invalid 'n'");
+ m = (n >= 0 ? t - n : p - n - 1); /* end of prefix */
+ reverse(L, p, m); /* reverse the prefix with length 'n' */
+ reverse(L, m + 1, t); /* reverse the suffix */
+ reverse(L, p, t); /* reverse the entire segment */
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_copy (lua_State *L, int fromidx, int toidx) {
+ TValue *fr, *to;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ fr = index2value(L, fromidx);
+ to = index2value(L, toidx);
+ api_check(L, isvalid(L, to), "invalid index");
+ setobj(L, to, fr);
+ if (isupvalue(toidx)) /* function upvalue? */
+ luaC_barrier(L, clCvalue(s2v(L->ci->func.p)), fr);
+ /* LUA_REGISTRYINDEX does not need gc barrier
+ (collector revisits it before finishing collection) */
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_pushvalue (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ lua_lock(L);
+ setobj2s(L, L->top.p, index2value(L, idx));
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+** access functions (stack -> C)
+*/
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_type (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
+ return (isvalid(L, o) ? ttype(o) : LUA_TNONE);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API const char *lua_typename (lua_State *L, int t) {
+ UNUSED(L);
+ api_check(L, LUA_TNONE <= t && t < LUA_NUMTYPES, "invalid type");
+ return ttypename(t);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_iscfunction (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
+ return (ttislcf(o) || (ttisCclosure(o)));
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_isinteger (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
+ return ttisinteger(o);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_isnumber (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ lua_Number n;
+ const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
+ return tonumber(o, &n);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_isstring (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
+ return (ttisstring(o) || cvt2str(o));
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_isuserdata (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
+ return (ttisfulluserdata(o) || ttislightuserdata(o));
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_rawequal (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2) {
+ const TValue *o1 = index2value(L, index1);
+ const TValue *o2 = index2value(L, index2);
+ return (isvalid(L, o1) && isvalid(L, o2)) ? luaV_rawequalobj(o1, o2) : 0;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_arith (lua_State *L, int op) {
+ lua_lock(L);
+ if (op != LUA_OPUNM && op != LUA_OPBNOT)
+ api_checknelems(L, 2); /* all other operations expect two operands */
+ else { /* for unary operations, add fake 2nd operand */
+ api_checknelems(L, 1);
+ setobjs2s(L, L->top.p, L->top.p - 1);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ }
+ /* first operand at top - 2, second at top - 1; result go to top - 2 */
+ luaO_arith(L, op, s2v(L->top.p - 2), s2v(L->top.p - 1), L->top.p - 2);
+ L->top.p--; /* remove second operand */
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_compare (lua_State *L, int index1, int index2, int op) {
+ const TValue *o1;
+ const TValue *o2;
+ int i = 0;
+ lua_lock(L); /* may call tag method */
+ o1 = index2value(L, index1);
+ o2 = index2value(L, index2);
+ if (isvalid(L, o1) && isvalid(L, o2)) {
+ switch (op) {
+ case LUA_OPEQ: i = luaV_equalobj(L, o1, o2); break;
+ case LUA_OPLT: i = luaV_lessthan(L, o1, o2); break;
+ case LUA_OPLE: i = luaV_lessequal(L, o1, o2); break;
+ default: api_check(L, 0, "invalid option");
+ }
+ }
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return i;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API size_t lua_stringtonumber (lua_State *L, const char *s) {
+ size_t sz = luaO_str2num(s, s2v(L->top.p));
+ if (sz != 0)
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ return sz;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API lua_Number lua_tonumberx (lua_State *L, int idx, int *pisnum) {
+ lua_Number n = 0;
+ const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
+ int isnum = tonumber(o, &n);
+ if (pisnum)
+ *pisnum = isnum;
+ return n;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API lua_Integer lua_tointegerx (lua_State *L, int idx, int *pisnum) {
+ lua_Integer res = 0;
+ const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
+ int isnum = tointeger(o, &res);
+ if (pisnum)
+ *pisnum = isnum;
+ return res;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_toboolean (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
+ return !l_isfalse(o);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API const char *lua_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len) {
+ TValue *o;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ o = index2value(L, idx);
+ if (!ttisstring(o)) {
+ if (!cvt2str(o)) { /* not convertible? */
+ if (len != NULL) *len = 0;
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ luaO_tostring(L, o);
+ luaC_checkGC(L);
+ o = index2value(L, idx); /* previous call may reallocate the stack */
+ }
+ if (len != NULL)
+ *len = vslen(o);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return svalue(o);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API lua_Unsigned lua_rawlen (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
+ switch (ttypetag(o)) {
+ case LUA_VSHRSTR: return tsvalue(o)->shrlen;
+ case LUA_VLNGSTR: return tsvalue(o)->u.lnglen;
+ case LUA_VUSERDATA: return uvalue(o)->len;
+ case LUA_VTABLE: return luaH_getn(hvalue(o));
+ default: return 0;
+ }
+}
+
+
+LUA_API lua_CFunction lua_tocfunction (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
+ if (ttislcf(o)) return fvalue(o);
+ else if (ttisCclosure(o))
+ return clCvalue(o)->f;
+ else return NULL; /* not a C function */
+}
+
+
+l_sinline void *touserdata (const TValue *o) {
+ switch (ttype(o)) {
+ case LUA_TUSERDATA: return getudatamem(uvalue(o));
+ case LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA: return pvalue(o);
+ default: return NULL;
+ }
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void *lua_touserdata (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
+ return touserdata(o);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API lua_State *lua_tothread (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
+ return (!ttisthread(o)) ? NULL : thvalue(o);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Returns a pointer to the internal representation of an object.
+** Note that ANSI C does not allow the conversion of a pointer to
+** function to a 'void*', so the conversion here goes through
+** a 'size_t'. (As the returned pointer is only informative, this
+** conversion should not be a problem.)
+*/
+LUA_API const void *lua_topointer (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ const TValue *o = index2value(L, idx);
+ switch (ttypetag(o)) {
+ case LUA_VLCF: return cast_voidp(cast_sizet(fvalue(o)));
+ case LUA_VUSERDATA: case LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA:
+ return touserdata(o);
+ default: {
+ if (iscollectable(o))
+ return gcvalue(o);
+ else
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+** push functions (C -> stack)
+*/
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_pushnil (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_lock(L);
+ setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p));
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_pushnumber (lua_State *L, lua_Number n) {
+ lua_lock(L);
+ setfltvalue(s2v(L->top.p), n);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_pushinteger (lua_State *L, lua_Integer n) {
+ lua_lock(L);
+ setivalue(s2v(L->top.p), n);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Pushes on the stack a string with given length. Avoid using 's' when
+** 'len' == 0 (as 's' can be NULL in that case), due to later use of
+** 'memcmp' and 'memcpy'.
+*/
+LUA_API const char *lua_pushlstring (lua_State *L, const char *s, size_t len) {
+ TString *ts;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ ts = (len == 0) ? luaS_new(L, "") : luaS_newlstr(L, s, len);
+ setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, ts);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ luaC_checkGC(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return getstr(ts);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API const char *lua_pushstring (lua_State *L, const char *s) {
+ lua_lock(L);
+ if (s == NULL)
+ setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p));
+ else {
+ TString *ts;
+ ts = luaS_new(L, s);
+ setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, ts);
+ s = getstr(ts); /* internal copy's address */
+ }
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ luaC_checkGC(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return s;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API const char *lua_pushvfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt,
+ va_list argp) {
+ const char *ret;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ ret = luaO_pushvfstring(L, fmt, argp);
+ luaC_checkGC(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API const char *lua_pushfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...) {
+ const char *ret;
+ va_list argp;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ va_start(argp, fmt);
+ ret = luaO_pushvfstring(L, fmt, argp);
+ va_end(argp);
+ luaC_checkGC(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return ret;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_pushcclosure (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction fn, int n) {
+ lua_lock(L);
+ if (n == 0) {
+ setfvalue(s2v(L->top.p), fn);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ }
+ else {
+ CClosure *cl;
+ api_checknelems(L, n);
+ api_check(L, n <= MAXUPVAL, "upvalue index too large");
+ cl = luaF_newCclosure(L, n);
+ cl->f = fn;
+ L->top.p -= n;
+ while (n--) {
+ setobj2n(L, &cl->upvalue[n], s2v(L->top.p + n));
+ /* does not need barrier because closure is white */
+ lua_assert(iswhite(cl));
+ }
+ setclCvalue(L, s2v(L->top.p), cl);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ luaC_checkGC(L);
+ }
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_pushboolean (lua_State *L, int b) {
+ lua_lock(L);
+ if (b)
+ setbtvalue(s2v(L->top.p));
+ else
+ setbfvalue(s2v(L->top.p));
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_pushlightuserdata (lua_State *L, void *p) {
+ lua_lock(L);
+ setpvalue(s2v(L->top.p), p);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_pushthread (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_lock(L);
+ setthvalue(L, s2v(L->top.p), L);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return (G(L)->mainthread == L);
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+** get functions (Lua -> stack)
+*/
+
+
+l_sinline int auxgetstr (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, const char *k) {
+ const TValue *slot;
+ TString *str = luaS_new(L, k);
+ if (luaV_fastget(L, t, str, slot, luaH_getstr)) {
+ setobj2s(L, L->top.p, slot);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ }
+ else {
+ setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, str);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ luaV_finishget(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1), L->top.p - 1, slot);
+ }
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return ttype(s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Get the global table in the registry. Since all predefined
+** indices in the registry were inserted right when the registry
+** was created and never removed, they must always be in the array
+** part of the registry.
+*/
+#define getGtable(L) \
+ (&hvalue(&G(L)->l_registry)->array[LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS - 1])
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_getglobal (lua_State *L, const char *name) {
+ const TValue *G;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ G = getGtable(L);
+ return auxgetstr(L, G, name);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_gettable (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ const TValue *slot;
+ TValue *t;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ t = index2value(L, idx);
+ if (luaV_fastget(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1), slot, luaH_get)) {
+ setobj2s(L, L->top.p - 1, slot);
+ }
+ else
+ luaV_finishget(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1), L->top.p - 1, slot);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return ttype(s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_getfield (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k) {
+ lua_lock(L);
+ return auxgetstr(L, index2value(L, idx), k);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_geti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
+ TValue *t;
+ const TValue *slot;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ t = index2value(L, idx);
+ if (luaV_fastgeti(L, t, n, slot)) {
+ setobj2s(L, L->top.p, slot);
+ }
+ else {
+ TValue aux;
+ setivalue(&aux, n);
+ luaV_finishget(L, t, &aux, L->top.p, slot);
+ }
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return ttype(s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+}
+
+
+l_sinline int finishrawget (lua_State *L, const TValue *val) {
+ if (isempty(val)) /* avoid copying empty items to the stack */
+ setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p));
+ else
+ setobj2s(L, L->top.p, val);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return ttype(s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+}
+
+
+static Table *gettable (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ TValue *t = index2value(L, idx);
+ api_check(L, ttistable(t), "table expected");
+ return hvalue(t);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_rawget (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ Table *t;
+ const TValue *val;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ api_checknelems(L, 1);
+ t = gettable(L, idx);
+ val = luaH_get(t, s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+ L->top.p--; /* remove key */
+ return finishrawget(L, val);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_rawgeti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
+ Table *t;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ t = gettable(L, idx);
+ return finishrawget(L, luaH_getint(t, n));
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_rawgetp (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p) {
+ Table *t;
+ TValue k;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ t = gettable(L, idx);
+ setpvalue(&k, cast_voidp(p));
+ return finishrawget(L, luaH_get(t, &k));
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_createtable (lua_State *L, int narray, int nrec) {
+ Table *t;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ t = luaH_new(L);
+ sethvalue2s(L, L->top.p, t);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ if (narray > 0 || nrec > 0)
+ luaH_resize(L, t, narray, nrec);
+ luaC_checkGC(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_getmetatable (lua_State *L, int objindex) {
+ const TValue *obj;
+ Table *mt;
+ int res = 0;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ obj = index2value(L, objindex);
+ switch (ttype(obj)) {
+ case LUA_TTABLE:
+ mt = hvalue(obj)->metatable;
+ break;
+ case LUA_TUSERDATA:
+ mt = uvalue(obj)->metatable;
+ break;
+ default:
+ mt = G(L)->mt[ttype(obj)];
+ break;
+ }
+ if (mt != NULL) {
+ sethvalue2s(L, L->top.p, mt);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ res = 1;
+ }
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return res;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_getiuservalue (lua_State *L, int idx, int n) {
+ TValue *o;
+ int t;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ o = index2value(L, idx);
+ api_check(L, ttisfulluserdata(o), "full userdata expected");
+ if (n <= 0 || n > uvalue(o)->nuvalue) {
+ setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p));
+ t = LUA_TNONE;
+ }
+ else {
+ setobj2s(L, L->top.p, &uvalue(o)->uv[n - 1].uv);
+ t = ttype(s2v(L->top.p));
+ }
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return t;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** set functions (stack -> Lua)
+*/
+
+/*
+** t[k] = value at the top of the stack (where 'k' is a string)
+*/
+static void auxsetstr (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, const char *k) {
+ const TValue *slot;
+ TString *str = luaS_new(L, k);
+ api_checknelems(L, 1);
+ if (luaV_fastget(L, t, str, slot, luaH_getstr)) {
+ luaV_finishfastset(L, t, slot, s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+ L->top.p--; /* pop value */
+ }
+ else {
+ setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, str); /* push 'str' (to make it a TValue) */
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ luaV_finishset(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 1), s2v(L->top.p - 2), slot);
+ L->top.p -= 2; /* pop value and key */
+ }
+ lua_unlock(L); /* lock done by caller */
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_setglobal (lua_State *L, const char *name) {
+ const TValue *G;
+ lua_lock(L); /* unlock done in 'auxsetstr' */
+ G = getGtable(L);
+ auxsetstr(L, G, name);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_settable (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ TValue *t;
+ const TValue *slot;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ api_checknelems(L, 2);
+ t = index2value(L, idx);
+ if (luaV_fastget(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 2), slot, luaH_get)) {
+ luaV_finishfastset(L, t, slot, s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+ }
+ else
+ luaV_finishset(L, t, s2v(L->top.p - 2), s2v(L->top.p - 1), slot);
+ L->top.p -= 2; /* pop index and value */
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_setfield (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k) {
+ lua_lock(L); /* unlock done in 'auxsetstr' */
+ auxsetstr(L, index2value(L, idx), k);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_seti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
+ TValue *t;
+ const TValue *slot;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ api_checknelems(L, 1);
+ t = index2value(L, idx);
+ if (luaV_fastgeti(L, t, n, slot)) {
+ luaV_finishfastset(L, t, slot, s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+ }
+ else {
+ TValue aux;
+ setivalue(&aux, n);
+ luaV_finishset(L, t, &aux, s2v(L->top.p - 1), slot);
+ }
+ L->top.p--; /* pop value */
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+static void aux_rawset (lua_State *L, int idx, TValue *key, int n) {
+ Table *t;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ api_checknelems(L, n);
+ t = gettable(L, idx);
+ luaH_set(L, t, key, s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+ invalidateTMcache(t);
+ luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(t), s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+ L->top.p -= n;
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_rawset (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ aux_rawset(L, idx, s2v(L->top.p - 2), 2);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_rawsetp (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p) {
+ TValue k;
+ setpvalue(&k, cast_voidp(p));
+ aux_rawset(L, idx, &k, 1);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_rawseti (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n) {
+ Table *t;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ api_checknelems(L, 1);
+ t = gettable(L, idx);
+ luaH_setint(L, t, n, s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+ luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(t), s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+ L->top.p--;
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_setmetatable (lua_State *L, int objindex) {
+ TValue *obj;
+ Table *mt;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ api_checknelems(L, 1);
+ obj = index2value(L, objindex);
+ if (ttisnil(s2v(L->top.p - 1)))
+ mt = NULL;
+ else {
+ api_check(L, ttistable(s2v(L->top.p - 1)), "table expected");
+ mt = hvalue(s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+ }
+ switch (ttype(obj)) {
+ case LUA_TTABLE: {
+ hvalue(obj)->metatable = mt;
+ if (mt) {
+ luaC_objbarrier(L, gcvalue(obj), mt);
+ luaC_checkfinalizer(L, gcvalue(obj), mt);
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_TUSERDATA: {
+ uvalue(obj)->metatable = mt;
+ if (mt) {
+ luaC_objbarrier(L, uvalue(obj), mt);
+ luaC_checkfinalizer(L, gcvalue(obj), mt);
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ default: {
+ G(L)->mt[ttype(obj)] = mt;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ L->top.p--;
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_setiuservalue (lua_State *L, int idx, int n) {
+ TValue *o;
+ int res;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ api_checknelems(L, 1);
+ o = index2value(L, idx);
+ api_check(L, ttisfulluserdata(o), "full userdata expected");
+ if (!(cast_uint(n) - 1u < cast_uint(uvalue(o)->nuvalue)))
+ res = 0; /* 'n' not in [1, uvalue(o)->nuvalue] */
+ else {
+ setobj(L, &uvalue(o)->uv[n - 1].uv, s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+ luaC_barrierback(L, gcvalue(o), s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+ res = 1;
+ }
+ L->top.p--;
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return res;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** 'load' and 'call' functions (run Lua code)
+*/
+
+
+#define checkresults(L,na,nr) \
+ api_check(L, (nr) == LUA_MULTRET \
+ || (L->ci->top.p - L->top.p >= (nr) - (na)), \
+ "results from function overflow current stack size")
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_callk (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults,
+ lua_KContext ctx, lua_KFunction k) {
+ StkId func;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ api_check(L, k == NULL || !isLua(L->ci),
+ "cannot use continuations inside hooks");
+ api_checknelems(L, nargs+1);
+ api_check(L, L->status == LUA_OK, "cannot do calls on non-normal thread");
+ checkresults(L, nargs, nresults);
+ func = L->top.p - (nargs+1);
+ if (k != NULL && yieldable(L)) { /* need to prepare continuation? */
+ L->ci->u.c.k = k; /* save continuation */
+ L->ci->u.c.ctx = ctx; /* save context */
+ luaD_call(L, func, nresults); /* do the call */
+ }
+ else /* no continuation or no yieldable */
+ luaD_callnoyield(L, func, nresults); /* just do the call */
+ adjustresults(L, nresults);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+** Execute a protected call.
+*/
+struct CallS { /* data to 'f_call' */
+ StkId func;
+ int nresults;
+};
+
+
+static void f_call (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
+ struct CallS *c = cast(struct CallS *, ud);
+ luaD_callnoyield(L, c->func, c->nresults);
+}
+
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_pcallk (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int errfunc,
+ lua_KContext ctx, lua_KFunction k) {
+ struct CallS c;
+ int status;
+ ptrdiff_t func;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ api_check(L, k == NULL || !isLua(L->ci),
+ "cannot use continuations inside hooks");
+ api_checknelems(L, nargs+1);
+ api_check(L, L->status == LUA_OK, "cannot do calls on non-normal thread");
+ checkresults(L, nargs, nresults);
+ if (errfunc == 0)
+ func = 0;
+ else {
+ StkId o = index2stack(L, errfunc);
+ api_check(L, ttisfunction(s2v(o)), "error handler must be a function");
+ func = savestack(L, o);
+ }
+ c.func = L->top.p - (nargs+1); /* function to be called */
+ if (k == NULL || !yieldable(L)) { /* no continuation or no yieldable? */
+ c.nresults = nresults; /* do a 'conventional' protected call */
+ status = luaD_pcall(L, f_call, &c, savestack(L, c.func), func);
+ }
+ else { /* prepare continuation (call is already protected by 'resume') */
+ CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
+ ci->u.c.k = k; /* save continuation */
+ ci->u.c.ctx = ctx; /* save context */
+ /* save information for error recovery */
+ ci->u2.funcidx = cast_int(savestack(L, c.func));
+ ci->u.c.old_errfunc = L->errfunc;
+ L->errfunc = func;
+ setoah(ci->callstatus, L->allowhook); /* save value of 'allowhook' */
+ ci->callstatus |= CIST_YPCALL; /* function can do error recovery */
+ luaD_call(L, c.func, nresults); /* do the call */
+ ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_YPCALL;
+ L->errfunc = ci->u.c.old_errfunc;
+ status = LUA_OK; /* if it is here, there were no errors */
+ }
+ adjustresults(L, nresults);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return status;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_load (lua_State *L, lua_Reader reader, void *data,
+ const char *chunkname, const char *mode) {
+ ZIO z;
+ int status;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ if (!chunkname) chunkname = "?";
+ luaZ_init(L, &z, reader, data);
+ status = luaD_protectedparser(L, &z, chunkname, mode);
+ if (status == LUA_OK) { /* no errors? */
+ LClosure *f = clLvalue(s2v(L->top.p - 1)); /* get new function */
+ if (f->nupvalues >= 1) { /* does it have an upvalue? */
+ /* get global table from registry */
+ const TValue *gt = getGtable(L);
+ /* set global table as 1st upvalue of 'f' (may be LUA_ENV) */
+ setobj(L, f->upvals[0]->v.p, gt);
+ luaC_barrier(L, f->upvals[0], gt);
+ }
+ }
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return status;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_dump (lua_State *L, lua_Writer writer, void *data, int strip) {
+ int status;
+ TValue *o;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ api_checknelems(L, 1);
+ o = s2v(L->top.p - 1);
+ if (isLfunction(o))
+ status = luaU_dump(L, getproto(o), writer, data, strip);
+ else
+ status = 1;
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return status;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_status (lua_State *L) {
+ return L->status;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Garbage-collection function
+*/
+LUA_API int lua_gc (lua_State *L, int what, ...) {
+ va_list argp;
+ int res = 0;
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ if (g->gcstp & GCSTPGC) /* internal stop? */
+ return -1; /* all options are invalid when stopped */
+ lua_lock(L);
+ va_start(argp, what);
+ switch (what) {
+ case LUA_GCSTOP: {
+ g->gcstp = GCSTPUSR; /* stopped by the user */
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_GCRESTART: {
+ luaE_setdebt(g, 0);
+ g->gcstp = 0; /* (GCSTPGC must be already zero here) */
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_GCCOLLECT: {
+ luaC_fullgc(L, 0);
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_GCCOUNT: {
+ /* GC values are expressed in Kbytes: #bytes/2^10 */
+ res = cast_int(gettotalbytes(g) >> 10);
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_GCCOUNTB: {
+ res = cast_int(gettotalbytes(g) & 0x3ff);
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_GCSTEP: {
+ int data = va_arg(argp, int);
+ l_mem debt = 1; /* =1 to signal that it did an actual step */
+ lu_byte oldstp = g->gcstp;
+ g->gcstp = 0; /* allow GC to run (GCSTPGC must be zero here) */
+ if (data == 0) {
+ luaE_setdebt(g, 0); /* do a basic step */
+ luaC_step(L);
+ }
+ else { /* add 'data' to total debt */
+ debt = cast(l_mem, data) * 1024 + g->GCdebt;
+ luaE_setdebt(g, debt);
+ luaC_checkGC(L);
+ }
+ g->gcstp = oldstp; /* restore previous state */
+ if (debt > 0 && g->gcstate == GCSpause) /* end of cycle? */
+ res = 1; /* signal it */
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_GCSETPAUSE: {
+ int data = va_arg(argp, int);
+ res = getgcparam(g->gcpause);
+ setgcparam(g->gcpause, data);
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL: {
+ int data = va_arg(argp, int);
+ res = getgcparam(g->gcstepmul);
+ setgcparam(g->gcstepmul, data);
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_GCISRUNNING: {
+ res = gcrunning(g);
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_GCGEN: {
+ int minormul = va_arg(argp, int);
+ int majormul = va_arg(argp, int);
+ res = isdecGCmodegen(g) ? LUA_GCGEN : LUA_GCINC;
+ if (minormul != 0)
+ g->genminormul = minormul;
+ if (majormul != 0)
+ setgcparam(g->genmajormul, majormul);
+ luaC_changemode(L, KGC_GEN);
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_GCINC: {
+ int pause = va_arg(argp, int);
+ int stepmul = va_arg(argp, int);
+ int stepsize = va_arg(argp, int);
+ res = isdecGCmodegen(g) ? LUA_GCGEN : LUA_GCINC;
+ if (pause != 0)
+ setgcparam(g->gcpause, pause);
+ if (stepmul != 0)
+ setgcparam(g->gcstepmul, stepmul);
+ if (stepsize != 0)
+ g->gcstepsize = stepsize;
+ luaC_changemode(L, KGC_INC);
+ break;
+ }
+ default: res = -1; /* invalid option */
+ }
+ va_end(argp);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return res;
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+** miscellaneous functions
+*/
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_error (lua_State *L) {
+ TValue *errobj;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ errobj = s2v(L->top.p - 1);
+ api_checknelems(L, 1);
+ /* error object is the memory error message? */
+ if (ttisshrstring(errobj) && eqshrstr(tsvalue(errobj), G(L)->memerrmsg))
+ luaM_error(L); /* raise a memory error */
+ else
+ luaG_errormsg(L); /* raise a regular error */
+ /* code unreachable; will unlock when control actually leaves the kernel */
+ return 0; /* to avoid warnings */
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_next (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ Table *t;
+ int more;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ api_checknelems(L, 1);
+ t = gettable(L, idx);
+ more = luaH_next(L, t, L->top.p - 1);
+ if (more) {
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ }
+ else /* no more elements */
+ L->top.p -= 1; /* remove key */
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return more;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_toclose (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ int nresults;
+ StkId o;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ o = index2stack(L, idx);
+ nresults = L->ci->nresults;
+ api_check(L, L->tbclist.p < o, "given index below or equal a marked one");
+ luaF_newtbcupval(L, o); /* create new to-be-closed upvalue */
+ if (!hastocloseCfunc(nresults)) /* function not marked yet? */
+ L->ci->nresults = codeNresults(nresults); /* mark it */
+ lua_assert(hastocloseCfunc(L->ci->nresults));
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_concat (lua_State *L, int n) {
+ lua_lock(L);
+ api_checknelems(L, n);
+ if (n > 0)
+ luaV_concat(L, n);
+ else { /* nothing to concatenate */
+ setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, luaS_newlstr(L, "", 0)); /* push empty string */
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ }
+ luaC_checkGC(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_len (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ TValue *t;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ t = index2value(L, idx);
+ luaV_objlen(L, L->top.p, t);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API lua_Alloc lua_getallocf (lua_State *L, void **ud) {
+ lua_Alloc f;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ if (ud) *ud = G(L)->ud;
+ f = G(L)->frealloc;
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return f;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_setallocf (lua_State *L, lua_Alloc f, void *ud) {
+ lua_lock(L);
+ G(L)->ud = ud;
+ G(L)->frealloc = f;
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+void lua_setwarnf (lua_State *L, lua_WarnFunction f, void *ud) {
+ lua_lock(L);
+ G(L)->ud_warn = ud;
+ G(L)->warnf = f;
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+void lua_warning (lua_State *L, const char *msg, int tocont) {
+ lua_lock(L);
+ luaE_warning(L, msg, tocont);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+}
+
+
+
+LUA_API void *lua_newuserdatauv (lua_State *L, size_t size, int nuvalue) {
+ Udata *u;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ api_check(L, 0 <= nuvalue && nuvalue < USHRT_MAX, "invalid value");
+ u = luaS_newudata(L, size, nuvalue);
+ setuvalue(L, s2v(L->top.p), u);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ luaC_checkGC(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return getudatamem(u);
+}
+
+
+
+static const char *aux_upvalue (TValue *fi, int n, TValue **val,
+ GCObject **owner) {
+ switch (ttypetag(fi)) {
+ case LUA_VCCL: { /* C closure */
+ CClosure *f = clCvalue(fi);
+ if (!(cast_uint(n) - 1u < cast_uint(f->nupvalues)))
+ return NULL; /* 'n' not in [1, f->nupvalues] */
+ *val = &f->upvalue[n-1];
+ if (owner) *owner = obj2gco(f);
+ return "";
+ }
+ case LUA_VLCL: { /* Lua closure */
+ LClosure *f = clLvalue(fi);
+ TString *name;
+ Proto *p = f->p;
+ if (!(cast_uint(n) - 1u < cast_uint(p->sizeupvalues)))
+ return NULL; /* 'n' not in [1, p->sizeupvalues] */
+ *val = f->upvals[n-1]->v.p;
+ if (owner) *owner = obj2gco(f->upvals[n - 1]);
+ name = p->upvalues[n-1].name;
+ return (name == NULL) ? "(no name)" : getstr(name);
+ }
+ default: return NULL; /* not a closure */
+ }
+}
+
+
+LUA_API const char *lua_getupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n) {
+ const char *name;
+ TValue *val = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */
+ lua_lock(L);
+ name = aux_upvalue(index2value(L, funcindex), n, &val, NULL);
+ if (name) {
+ setobj2s(L, L->top.p, val);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ }
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return name;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API const char *lua_setupvalue (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n) {
+ const char *name;
+ TValue *val = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */
+ GCObject *owner = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */
+ TValue *fi;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ fi = index2value(L, funcindex);
+ api_checknelems(L, 1);
+ name = aux_upvalue(fi, n, &val, &owner);
+ if (name) {
+ L->top.p--;
+ setobj(L, val, s2v(L->top.p));
+ luaC_barrier(L, owner, val);
+ }
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return name;
+}
+
+
+static UpVal **getupvalref (lua_State *L, int fidx, int n, LClosure **pf) {
+ static const UpVal *const nullup = NULL;
+ LClosure *f;
+ TValue *fi = index2value(L, fidx);
+ api_check(L, ttisLclosure(fi), "Lua function expected");
+ f = clLvalue(fi);
+ if (pf) *pf = f;
+ if (1 <= n && n <= f->p->sizeupvalues)
+ return &f->upvals[n - 1]; /* get its upvalue pointer */
+ else
+ return (UpVal**)&nullup;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void *lua_upvalueid (lua_State *L, int fidx, int n) {
+ TValue *fi = index2value(L, fidx);
+ switch (ttypetag(fi)) {
+ case LUA_VLCL: { /* lua closure */
+ return *getupvalref(L, fidx, n, NULL);
+ }
+ case LUA_VCCL: { /* C closure */
+ CClosure *f = clCvalue(fi);
+ if (1 <= n && n <= f->nupvalues)
+ return &f->upvalue[n - 1];
+ /* else */
+ } /* FALLTHROUGH */
+ case LUA_VLCF:
+ return NULL; /* light C functions have no upvalues */
+ default: {
+ api_check(L, 0, "function expected");
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_upvaluejoin (lua_State *L, int fidx1, int n1,
+ int fidx2, int n2) {
+ LClosure *f1;
+ UpVal **up1 = getupvalref(L, fidx1, n1, &f1);
+ UpVal **up2 = getupvalref(L, fidx2, n2, NULL);
+ api_check(L, *up1 != NULL && *up2 != NULL, "invalid upvalue index");
+ *up1 = *up2;
+ luaC_objbarrier(L, f1, *up1);
+}
+
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lapi.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lapi.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a742427
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lapi.h
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lapi.h $
+** Auxiliary functions from Lua API
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef lapi_h
+#define lapi_h
+
+
+#include "llimits.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+
+
+/* Increments 'L->top.p', checking for stack overflows */
+#define api_incr_top(L) {L->top.p++; \
+ api_check(L, L->top.p <= L->ci->top.p, \
+ "stack overflow");}
+
+
+/*
+** If a call returns too many multiple returns, the callee may not have
+** stack space to accommodate all results. In this case, this macro
+** increases its stack space ('L->ci->top.p').
+*/
+#define adjustresults(L,nres) \
+ { if ((nres) <= LUA_MULTRET && L->ci->top.p < L->top.p) \
+ L->ci->top.p = L->top.p; }
+
+
+/* Ensure the stack has at least 'n' elements */
+#define api_checknelems(L,n) \
+ api_check(L, (n) < (L->top.p - L->ci->func.p), \
+ "not enough elements in the stack")
+
+
+/*
+** To reduce the overhead of returning from C functions, the presence of
+** to-be-closed variables in these functions is coded in the CallInfo's
+** field 'nresults', in a way that functions with no to-be-closed variables
+** with zero, one, or "all" wanted results have no overhead. Functions
+** with other number of wanted results, as well as functions with
+** variables to be closed, have an extra check.
+*/
+
+#define hastocloseCfunc(n) ((n) < LUA_MULTRET)
+
+/* Map [-1, inf) (range of 'nresults') into (-inf, -2] */
+#define codeNresults(n) (-(n) - 3)
+#define decodeNresults(n) (-(n) - 3)
+
+#endif
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lauxlib.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lauxlib.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ca6c65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lauxlib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1112 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lauxlib.c $
+** Auxiliary functions for building Lua libraries
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lauxlib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+
+/*
+** This file uses only the official API of Lua.
+** Any function declared here could be written as an application function.
+*/
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lauxlib.h"
+
+
+#if !defined(MAX_SIZET)
+/* maximum value for size_t */
+#define MAX_SIZET ((size_t)(~(size_t)0))
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Traceback
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+
+#define LEVELS1 10 /* size of the first part of the stack */
+#define LEVELS2 11 /* size of the second part of the stack */
+
+
+
+/*
+** Search for 'objidx' in table at index -1. ('objidx' must be an
+** absolute index.) Return 1 + string at top if it found a good name.
+*/
+static int findfield (lua_State *L, int objidx, int level) {
+ if (level == 0 || !lua_istable(L, -1))
+ return 0; /* not found */
+ lua_pushnil(L); /* start 'next' loop */
+ while (lua_next(L, -2)) { /* for each pair in table */
+ if (lua_type(L, -2) == LUA_TSTRING) { /* ignore non-string keys */
+ if (lua_rawequal(L, objidx, -1)) { /* found object? */
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove value (but keep name) */
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else if (findfield(L, objidx, level - 1)) { /* try recursively */
+ /* stack: lib_name, lib_table, field_name (top) */
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "."); /* place '.' between the two names */
+ lua_replace(L, -3); /* (in the slot occupied by table) */
+ lua_concat(L, 3); /* lib_name.field_name */
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove value */
+ }
+ return 0; /* not found */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Search for a name for a function in all loaded modules
+*/
+static int pushglobalfuncname (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) {
+ int top = lua_gettop(L);
+ lua_getinfo(L, "f", ar); /* push function */
+ lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_LOADED_TABLE);
+ if (findfield(L, top + 1, 2)) {
+ const char *name = lua_tostring(L, -1);
+ if (strncmp(name, LUA_GNAME ".", 3) == 0) { /* name start with '_G.'? */
+ lua_pushstring(L, name + 3); /* push name without prefix */
+ lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove original name */
+ }
+ lua_copy(L, -1, top + 1); /* copy name to proper place */
+ lua_settop(L, top + 1); /* remove table "loaded" and name copy */
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else {
+ lua_settop(L, top); /* remove function and global table */
+ return 0;
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void pushfuncname (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) {
+ if (pushglobalfuncname(L, ar)) { /* try first a global name */
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "function '%s'", lua_tostring(L, -1));
+ lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove name */
+ }
+ else if (*ar->namewhat != '\0') /* is there a name from code? */
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "%s '%s'", ar->namewhat, ar->name); /* use it */
+ else if (*ar->what == 'm') /* main? */
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "main chunk");
+ else if (*ar->what != 'C') /* for Lua functions, use */
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "function <%s:%d>", ar->short_src, ar->linedefined);
+ else /* nothing left... */
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "?");
+}
+
+
+static int lastlevel (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_Debug ar;
+ int li = 1, le = 1;
+ /* find an upper bound */
+ while (lua_getstack(L, le, &ar)) { li = le; le *= 2; }
+ /* do a binary search */
+ while (li < le) {
+ int m = (li + le)/2;
+ if (lua_getstack(L, m, &ar)) li = m + 1;
+ else le = m;
+ }
+ return le - 1;
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API void luaL_traceback (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1,
+ const char *msg, int level) {
+ luaL_Buffer b;
+ lua_Debug ar;
+ int last = lastlevel(L1);
+ int limit2show = (last - level > LEVELS1 + LEVELS2) ? LEVELS1 : -1;
+ luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
+ if (msg) {
+ luaL_addstring(&b, msg);
+ luaL_addchar(&b, '\n');
+ }
+ luaL_addstring(&b, "stack traceback:");
+ while (lua_getstack(L1, level++, &ar)) {
+ if (limit2show-- == 0) { /* too many levels? */
+ int n = last - level - LEVELS2 + 1; /* number of levels to skip */
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "\n\t...\t(skipping %d levels)", n);
+ luaL_addvalue(&b); /* add warning about skip */
+ level += n; /* and skip to last levels */
+ }
+ else {
+ lua_getinfo(L1, "Slnt", &ar);
+ if (ar.currentline <= 0)
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "\n\t%s: in ", ar.short_src);
+ else
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "\n\t%s:%d: in ", ar.short_src, ar.currentline);
+ luaL_addvalue(&b);
+ pushfuncname(L, &ar);
+ luaL_addvalue(&b);
+ if (ar.istailcall)
+ luaL_addstring(&b, "\n\t(...tail calls...)");
+ }
+ }
+ luaL_pushresult(&b);
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Error-report functions
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+LUALIB_API int luaL_argerror (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *extramsg) {
+ lua_Debug ar;
+ if (!lua_getstack(L, 0, &ar)) /* no stack frame? */
+ return luaL_error(L, "bad argument #%d (%s)", arg, extramsg);
+ lua_getinfo(L, "n", &ar);
+ if (strcmp(ar.namewhat, "method") == 0) {
+ arg--; /* do not count 'self' */
+ if (arg == 0) /* error is in the self argument itself? */
+ return luaL_error(L, "calling '%s' on bad self (%s)",
+ ar.name, extramsg);
+ }
+ if (ar.name == NULL)
+ ar.name = (pushglobalfuncname(L, &ar)) ? lua_tostring(L, -1) : "?";
+ return luaL_error(L, "bad argument #%d to '%s' (%s)",
+ arg, ar.name, extramsg);
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API int luaL_typeerror (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *tname) {
+ const char *msg;
+ const char *typearg; /* name for the type of the actual argument */
+ if (luaL_getmetafield(L, arg, "__name") == LUA_TSTRING)
+ typearg = lua_tostring(L, -1); /* use the given type name */
+ else if (lua_type(L, arg) == LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA)
+ typearg = "light userdata"; /* special name for messages */
+ else
+ typearg = luaL_typename(L, arg); /* standard name */
+ msg = lua_pushfstring(L, "%s expected, got %s", tname, typearg);
+ return luaL_argerror(L, arg, msg);
+}
+
+
+static void tag_error (lua_State *L, int arg, int tag) {
+ luaL_typeerror(L, arg, lua_typename(L, tag));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** The use of 'lua_pushfstring' ensures this function does not
+** need reserved stack space when called.
+*/
+LUALIB_API void luaL_where (lua_State *L, int level) {
+ lua_Debug ar;
+ if (lua_getstack(L, level, &ar)) { /* check function at level */
+ lua_getinfo(L, "Sl", &ar); /* get info about it */
+ if (ar.currentline > 0) { /* is there info? */
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "%s:%d: ", ar.short_src, ar.currentline);
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+ lua_pushfstring(L, ""); /* else, no information available... */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Again, the use of 'lua_pushvfstring' ensures this function does
+** not need reserved stack space when called. (At worst, it generates
+** an error with "stack overflow" instead of the given message.)
+*/
+LUALIB_API int luaL_error (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...) {
+ va_list argp;
+ va_start(argp, fmt);
+ luaL_where(L, 1);
+ lua_pushvfstring(L, fmt, argp);
+ va_end(argp);
+ lua_concat(L, 2);
+ return lua_error(L);
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API int luaL_fileresult (lua_State *L, int stat, const char *fname) {
+ int en = errno; /* calls to Lua API may change this value */
+ if (stat) {
+ lua_pushboolean(L, 1);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else {
+ luaL_pushfail(L);
+ if (fname)
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "%s: %s", fname, strerror(en));
+ else
+ lua_pushstring(L, strerror(en));
+ lua_pushinteger(L, en);
+ return 3;
+ }
+}
+
+
+#if !defined(l_inspectstat) /* { */
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX)
+
+#include
+
+/*
+** use appropriate macros to interpret 'pclose' return status
+*/
+#define l_inspectstat(stat,what) \
+ if (WIFEXITED(stat)) { stat = WEXITSTATUS(stat); } \
+ else if (WIFSIGNALED(stat)) { stat = WTERMSIG(stat); what = "signal"; }
+
+#else
+
+#define l_inspectstat(stat,what) /* no op */
+
+#endif
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+LUALIB_API int luaL_execresult (lua_State *L, int stat) {
+ if (stat != 0 && errno != 0) /* error with an 'errno'? */
+ return luaL_fileresult(L, 0, NULL);
+ else {
+ const char *what = "exit"; /* type of termination */
+ l_inspectstat(stat, what); /* interpret result */
+ if (*what == 'e' && stat == 0) /* successful termination? */
+ lua_pushboolean(L, 1);
+ else
+ luaL_pushfail(L);
+ lua_pushstring(L, what);
+ lua_pushinteger(L, stat);
+ return 3; /* return true/fail,what,code */
+ }
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Userdata's metatable manipulation
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+LUALIB_API int luaL_newmetatable (lua_State *L, const char *tname) {
+ if (luaL_getmetatable(L, tname) != LUA_TNIL) /* name already in use? */
+ return 0; /* leave previous value on top, but return 0 */
+ lua_pop(L, 1);
+ lua_createtable(L, 0, 2); /* create metatable */
+ lua_pushstring(L, tname);
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, "__name"); /* metatable.__name = tname */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
+ lua_setfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, tname); /* registry.name = metatable */
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API void luaL_setmetatable (lua_State *L, const char *tname) {
+ luaL_getmetatable(L, tname);
+ lua_setmetatable(L, -2);
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API void *luaL_testudata (lua_State *L, int ud, const char *tname) {
+ void *p = lua_touserdata(L, ud);
+ if (p != NULL) { /* value is a userdata? */
+ if (lua_getmetatable(L, ud)) { /* does it have a metatable? */
+ luaL_getmetatable(L, tname); /* get correct metatable */
+ if (!lua_rawequal(L, -1, -2)) /* not the same? */
+ p = NULL; /* value is a userdata with wrong metatable */
+ lua_pop(L, 2); /* remove both metatables */
+ return p;
+ }
+ }
+ return NULL; /* value is not a userdata with a metatable */
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API void *luaL_checkudata (lua_State *L, int ud, const char *tname) {
+ void *p = luaL_testudata(L, ud, tname);
+ luaL_argexpected(L, p != NULL, ud, tname);
+ return p;
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Argument check functions
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+LUALIB_API int luaL_checkoption (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *def,
+ const char *const lst[]) {
+ const char *name = (def) ? luaL_optstring(L, arg, def) :
+ luaL_checkstring(L, arg);
+ int i;
+ for (i=0; lst[i]; i++)
+ if (strcmp(lst[i], name) == 0)
+ return i;
+ return luaL_argerror(L, arg,
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "invalid option '%s'", name));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Ensures the stack has at least 'space' extra slots, raising an error
+** if it cannot fulfill the request. (The error handling needs a few
+** extra slots to format the error message. In case of an error without
+** this extra space, Lua will generate the same 'stack overflow' error,
+** but without 'msg'.)
+*/
+LUALIB_API void luaL_checkstack (lua_State *L, int space, const char *msg) {
+ if (l_unlikely(!lua_checkstack(L, space))) {
+ if (msg)
+ luaL_error(L, "stack overflow (%s)", msg);
+ else
+ luaL_error(L, "stack overflow");
+ }
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API void luaL_checktype (lua_State *L, int arg, int t) {
+ if (l_unlikely(lua_type(L, arg) != t))
+ tag_error(L, arg, t);
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API void luaL_checkany (lua_State *L, int arg) {
+ if (l_unlikely(lua_type(L, arg) == LUA_TNONE))
+ luaL_argerror(L, arg, "value expected");
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API const char *luaL_checklstring (lua_State *L, int arg, size_t *len) {
+ const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, arg, len);
+ if (l_unlikely(!s)) tag_error(L, arg, LUA_TSTRING);
+ return s;
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API const char *luaL_optlstring (lua_State *L, int arg,
+ const char *def, size_t *len) {
+ if (lua_isnoneornil(L, arg)) {
+ if (len)
+ *len = (def ? strlen(def) : 0);
+ return def;
+ }
+ else return luaL_checklstring(L, arg, len);
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API lua_Number luaL_checknumber (lua_State *L, int arg) {
+ int isnum;
+ lua_Number d = lua_tonumberx(L, arg, &isnum);
+ if (l_unlikely(!isnum))
+ tag_error(L, arg, LUA_TNUMBER);
+ return d;
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API lua_Number luaL_optnumber (lua_State *L, int arg, lua_Number def) {
+ return luaL_opt(L, luaL_checknumber, arg, def);
+}
+
+
+static void interror (lua_State *L, int arg) {
+ if (lua_isnumber(L, arg))
+ luaL_argerror(L, arg, "number has no integer representation");
+ else
+ tag_error(L, arg, LUA_TNUMBER);
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API lua_Integer luaL_checkinteger (lua_State *L, int arg) {
+ int isnum;
+ lua_Integer d = lua_tointegerx(L, arg, &isnum);
+ if (l_unlikely(!isnum)) {
+ interror(L, arg);
+ }
+ return d;
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API lua_Integer luaL_optinteger (lua_State *L, int arg,
+ lua_Integer def) {
+ return luaL_opt(L, luaL_checkinteger, arg, def);
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Generic Buffer manipulation
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+/* userdata to box arbitrary data */
+typedef struct UBox {
+ void *box;
+ size_t bsize;
+} UBox;
+
+
+static void *resizebox (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t newsize) {
+ void *ud;
+ lua_Alloc allocf = lua_getallocf(L, &ud);
+ UBox *box = (UBox *)lua_touserdata(L, idx);
+ void *temp = allocf(ud, box->box, box->bsize, newsize);
+ if (l_unlikely(temp == NULL && newsize > 0)) { /* allocation error? */
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "not enough memory");
+ lua_error(L); /* raise a memory error */
+ }
+ box->box = temp;
+ box->bsize = newsize;
+ return temp;
+}
+
+
+static int boxgc (lua_State *L) {
+ resizebox(L, 1, 0);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+static const luaL_Reg boxmt[] = { /* box metamethods */
+ {"__gc", boxgc},
+ {"__close", boxgc},
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+
+static void newbox (lua_State *L) {
+ UBox *box = (UBox *)lua_newuserdatauv(L, sizeof(UBox), 0);
+ box->box = NULL;
+ box->bsize = 0;
+ if (luaL_newmetatable(L, "_UBOX*")) /* creating metatable? */
+ luaL_setfuncs(L, boxmt, 0); /* set its metamethods */
+ lua_setmetatable(L, -2);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** check whether buffer is using a userdata on the stack as a temporary
+** buffer
+*/
+#define buffonstack(B) ((B)->b != (B)->init.b)
+
+
+/*
+** Whenever buffer is accessed, slot 'idx' must either be a box (which
+** cannot be NULL) or it is a placeholder for the buffer.
+*/
+#define checkbufferlevel(B,idx) \
+ lua_assert(buffonstack(B) ? lua_touserdata(B->L, idx) != NULL \
+ : lua_touserdata(B->L, idx) == (void*)B)
+
+
+/*
+** Compute new size for buffer 'B', enough to accommodate extra 'sz'
+** bytes. (The test for "not big enough" also gets the case when the
+** computation of 'newsize' overflows.)
+*/
+static size_t newbuffsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz) {
+ size_t newsize = (B->size / 2) * 3; /* buffer size * 1.5 */
+ if (l_unlikely(MAX_SIZET - sz < B->n)) /* overflow in (B->n + sz)? */
+ return luaL_error(B->L, "buffer too large");
+ if (newsize < B->n + sz) /* not big enough? */
+ newsize = B->n + sz;
+ return newsize;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Returns a pointer to a free area with at least 'sz' bytes in buffer
+** 'B'. 'boxidx' is the relative position in the stack where is the
+** buffer's box or its placeholder.
+*/
+static char *prepbuffsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz, int boxidx) {
+ checkbufferlevel(B, boxidx);
+ if (B->size - B->n >= sz) /* enough space? */
+ return B->b + B->n;
+ else {
+ lua_State *L = B->L;
+ char *newbuff;
+ size_t newsize = newbuffsize(B, sz);
+ /* create larger buffer */
+ if (buffonstack(B)) /* buffer already has a box? */
+ newbuff = (char *)resizebox(L, boxidx, newsize); /* resize it */
+ else { /* no box yet */
+ lua_remove(L, boxidx); /* remove placeholder */
+ newbox(L); /* create a new box */
+ lua_insert(L, boxidx); /* move box to its intended position */
+ lua_toclose(L, boxidx);
+ newbuff = (char *)resizebox(L, boxidx, newsize);
+ memcpy(newbuff, B->b, B->n * sizeof(char)); /* copy original content */
+ }
+ B->b = newbuff;
+ B->size = newsize;
+ return newbuff + B->n;
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+** returns a pointer to a free area with at least 'sz' bytes
+*/
+LUALIB_API char *luaL_prepbuffsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz) {
+ return prepbuffsize(B, sz, -1);
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API void luaL_addlstring (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s, size_t l) {
+ if (l > 0) { /* avoid 'memcpy' when 's' can be NULL */
+ char *b = prepbuffsize(B, l, -1);
+ memcpy(b, s, l * sizeof(char));
+ luaL_addsize(B, l);
+ }
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API void luaL_addstring (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s) {
+ luaL_addlstring(B, s, strlen(s));
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API void luaL_pushresult (luaL_Buffer *B) {
+ lua_State *L = B->L;
+ checkbufferlevel(B, -1);
+ lua_pushlstring(L, B->b, B->n);
+ if (buffonstack(B))
+ lua_closeslot(L, -2); /* close the box */
+ lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove box or placeholder from the stack */
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API void luaL_pushresultsize (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz) {
+ luaL_addsize(B, sz);
+ luaL_pushresult(B);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** 'luaL_addvalue' is the only function in the Buffer system where the
+** box (if existent) is not on the top of the stack. So, instead of
+** calling 'luaL_addlstring', it replicates the code using -2 as the
+** last argument to 'prepbuffsize', signaling that the box is (or will
+** be) below the string being added to the buffer. (Box creation can
+** trigger an emergency GC, so we should not remove the string from the
+** stack before we have the space guaranteed.)
+*/
+LUALIB_API void luaL_addvalue (luaL_Buffer *B) {
+ lua_State *L = B->L;
+ size_t len;
+ const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, -1, &len);
+ char *b = prepbuffsize(B, len, -2);
+ memcpy(b, s, len * sizeof(char));
+ luaL_addsize(B, len);
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop string */
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API void luaL_buffinit (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B) {
+ B->L = L;
+ B->b = B->init.b;
+ B->n = 0;
+ B->size = LUAL_BUFFERSIZE;
+ lua_pushlightuserdata(L, (void*)B); /* push placeholder */
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API char *luaL_buffinitsize (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz) {
+ luaL_buffinit(L, B);
+ return prepbuffsize(B, sz, -1);
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Reference system
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+/* index of free-list header (after the predefined values) */
+#define freelist (LUA_RIDX_LAST + 1)
+
+/*
+** The previously freed references form a linked list:
+** t[freelist] is the index of a first free index, or zero if list is
+** empty; t[t[freelist]] is the index of the second element; etc.
+*/
+LUALIB_API int luaL_ref (lua_State *L, int t) {
+ int ref;
+ if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) {
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove from stack */
+ return LUA_REFNIL; /* 'nil' has a unique fixed reference */
+ }
+ t = lua_absindex(L, t);
+ if (lua_rawgeti(L, t, freelist) == LUA_TNIL) { /* first access? */
+ ref = 0; /* list is empty */
+ lua_pushinteger(L, 0); /* initialize as an empty list */
+ lua_rawseti(L, t, freelist); /* ref = t[freelist] = 0 */
+ }
+ else { /* already initialized */
+ lua_assert(lua_isinteger(L, -1));
+ ref = (int)lua_tointeger(L, -1); /* ref = t[freelist] */
+ }
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove element from stack */
+ if (ref != 0) { /* any free element? */
+ lua_rawgeti(L, t, ref); /* remove it from list */
+ lua_rawseti(L, t, freelist); /* (t[freelist] = t[ref]) */
+ }
+ else /* no free elements */
+ ref = (int)lua_rawlen(L, t) + 1; /* get a new reference */
+ lua_rawseti(L, t, ref);
+ return ref;
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API void luaL_unref (lua_State *L, int t, int ref) {
+ if (ref >= 0) {
+ t = lua_absindex(L, t);
+ lua_rawgeti(L, t, freelist);
+ lua_assert(lua_isinteger(L, -1));
+ lua_rawseti(L, t, ref); /* t[ref] = t[freelist] */
+ lua_pushinteger(L, ref);
+ lua_rawseti(L, t, freelist); /* t[freelist] = ref */
+ }
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Load functions
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+typedef struct LoadF {
+ int n; /* number of pre-read characters */
+ FILE *f; /* file being read */
+ char buff[BUFSIZ]; /* area for reading file */
+} LoadF;
+
+
+static const char *getF (lua_State *L, void *ud, size_t *size) {
+ LoadF *lf = (LoadF *)ud;
+ (void)L; /* not used */
+ if (lf->n > 0) { /* are there pre-read characters to be read? */
+ *size = lf->n; /* return them (chars already in buffer) */
+ lf->n = 0; /* no more pre-read characters */
+ }
+ else { /* read a block from file */
+ /* 'fread' can return > 0 *and* set the EOF flag. If next call to
+ 'getF' called 'fread', it might still wait for user input.
+ The next check avoids this problem. */
+ if (feof(lf->f)) return NULL;
+ *size = fread(lf->buff, 1, sizeof(lf->buff), lf->f); /* read block */
+ }
+ return lf->buff;
+}
+
+
+static int errfile (lua_State *L, const char *what, int fnameindex) {
+ const char *serr = strerror(errno);
+ const char *filename = lua_tostring(L, fnameindex) + 1;
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "cannot %s %s: %s", what, filename, serr);
+ lua_remove(L, fnameindex);
+ return LUA_ERRFILE;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Skip an optional BOM at the start of a stream. If there is an
+** incomplete BOM (the first character is correct but the rest is
+** not), returns the first character anyway to force an error
+** (as no chunk can start with 0xEF).
+*/
+static int skipBOM (FILE *f) {
+ int c = getc(f); /* read first character */
+ if (c == 0xEF && getc(f) == 0xBB && getc(f) == 0xBF) /* correct BOM? */
+ return getc(f); /* ignore BOM and return next char */
+ else /* no (valid) BOM */
+ return c; /* return first character */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** reads the first character of file 'f' and skips an optional BOM mark
+** in its beginning plus its first line if it starts with '#'. Returns
+** true if it skipped the first line. In any case, '*cp' has the
+** first "valid" character of the file (after the optional BOM and
+** a first-line comment).
+*/
+static int skipcomment (FILE *f, int *cp) {
+ int c = *cp = skipBOM(f);
+ if (c == '#') { /* first line is a comment (Unix exec. file)? */
+ do { /* skip first line */
+ c = getc(f);
+ } while (c != EOF && c != '\n');
+ *cp = getc(f); /* next character after comment, if present */
+ return 1; /* there was a comment */
+ }
+ else return 0; /* no comment */
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API int luaL_loadfilex (lua_State *L, const char *filename,
+ const char *mode) {
+ LoadF lf;
+ int status, readstatus;
+ int c;
+ int fnameindex = lua_gettop(L) + 1; /* index of filename on the stack */
+ if (filename == NULL) {
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "=stdin");
+ lf.f = stdin;
+ }
+ else {
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "@%s", filename);
+ lf.f = fopen(filename, "r");
+ if (lf.f == NULL) return errfile(L, "open", fnameindex);
+ }
+ lf.n = 0;
+ if (skipcomment(lf.f, &c)) /* read initial portion */
+ lf.buff[lf.n++] = '\n'; /* add newline to correct line numbers */
+ if (c == LUA_SIGNATURE[0]) { /* binary file? */
+ lf.n = 0; /* remove possible newline */
+ if (filename) { /* "real" file? */
+ lf.f = freopen(filename, "rb", lf.f); /* reopen in binary mode */
+ if (lf.f == NULL) return errfile(L, "reopen", fnameindex);
+ skipcomment(lf.f, &c); /* re-read initial portion */
+ }
+ }
+ if (c != EOF)
+ lf.buff[lf.n++] = c; /* 'c' is the first character of the stream */
+ status = lua_load(L, getF, &lf, lua_tostring(L, -1), mode);
+ readstatus = ferror(lf.f);
+ if (filename) fclose(lf.f); /* close file (even in case of errors) */
+ if (readstatus) {
+ lua_settop(L, fnameindex); /* ignore results from 'lua_load' */
+ return errfile(L, "read", fnameindex);
+ }
+ lua_remove(L, fnameindex);
+ return status;
+}
+
+
+typedef struct LoadS {
+ const char *s;
+ size_t size;
+} LoadS;
+
+
+static const char *getS (lua_State *L, void *ud, size_t *size) {
+ LoadS *ls = (LoadS *)ud;
+ (void)L; /* not used */
+ if (ls->size == 0) return NULL;
+ *size = ls->size;
+ ls->size = 0;
+ return ls->s;
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API int luaL_loadbufferx (lua_State *L, const char *buff, size_t size,
+ const char *name, const char *mode) {
+ LoadS ls;
+ ls.s = buff;
+ ls.size = size;
+ return lua_load(L, getS, &ls, name, mode);
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API int luaL_loadstring (lua_State *L, const char *s) {
+ return luaL_loadbuffer(L, s, strlen(s), s);
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+
+LUALIB_API int luaL_getmetafield (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *event) {
+ if (!lua_getmetatable(L, obj)) /* no metatable? */
+ return LUA_TNIL;
+ else {
+ int tt;
+ lua_pushstring(L, event);
+ tt = lua_rawget(L, -2);
+ if (tt == LUA_TNIL) /* is metafield nil? */
+ lua_pop(L, 2); /* remove metatable and metafield */
+ else
+ lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove only metatable */
+ return tt; /* return metafield type */
+ }
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API int luaL_callmeta (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *event) {
+ obj = lua_absindex(L, obj);
+ if (luaL_getmetafield(L, obj, event) == LUA_TNIL) /* no metafield? */
+ return 0;
+ lua_pushvalue(L, obj);
+ lua_call(L, 1, 1);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API lua_Integer luaL_len (lua_State *L, int idx) {
+ lua_Integer l;
+ int isnum;
+ lua_len(L, idx);
+ l = lua_tointegerx(L, -1, &isnum);
+ if (l_unlikely(!isnum))
+ luaL_error(L, "object length is not an integer");
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove object */
+ return l;
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API const char *luaL_tolstring (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len) {
+ idx = lua_absindex(L,idx);
+ if (luaL_callmeta(L, idx, "__tostring")) { /* metafield? */
+ if (!lua_isstring(L, -1))
+ luaL_error(L, "'__tostring' must return a string");
+ }
+ else {
+ switch (lua_type(L, idx)) {
+ case LUA_TNUMBER: {
+ if (lua_isinteger(L, idx))
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "%I", (LUAI_UACINT)lua_tointeger(L, idx));
+ else
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "%f", (LUAI_UACNUMBER)lua_tonumber(L, idx));
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_TSTRING:
+ lua_pushvalue(L, idx);
+ break;
+ case LUA_TBOOLEAN:
+ lua_pushstring(L, (lua_toboolean(L, idx) ? "true" : "false"));
+ break;
+ case LUA_TNIL:
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "nil");
+ break;
+ default: {
+ int tt = luaL_getmetafield(L, idx, "__name"); /* try name */
+ const char *kind = (tt == LUA_TSTRING) ? lua_tostring(L, -1) :
+ luaL_typename(L, idx);
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "%s: %p", kind, lua_topointer(L, idx));
+ if (tt != LUA_TNIL)
+ lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove '__name' */
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return lua_tolstring(L, -1, len);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** set functions from list 'l' into table at top - 'nup'; each
+** function gets the 'nup' elements at the top as upvalues.
+** Returns with only the table at the stack.
+*/
+LUALIB_API void luaL_setfuncs (lua_State *L, const luaL_Reg *l, int nup) {
+ luaL_checkstack(L, nup, "too many upvalues");
+ for (; l->name != NULL; l++) { /* fill the table with given functions */
+ if (l->func == NULL) /* place holder? */
+ lua_pushboolean(L, 0);
+ else {
+ int i;
+ for (i = 0; i < nup; i++) /* copy upvalues to the top */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, -nup);
+ lua_pushcclosure(L, l->func, nup); /* closure with those upvalues */
+ }
+ lua_setfield(L, -(nup + 2), l->name);
+ }
+ lua_pop(L, nup); /* remove upvalues */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** ensure that stack[idx][fname] has a table and push that table
+** into the stack
+*/
+LUALIB_API int luaL_getsubtable (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *fname) {
+ if (lua_getfield(L, idx, fname) == LUA_TTABLE)
+ return 1; /* table already there */
+ else {
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove previous result */
+ idx = lua_absindex(L, idx);
+ lua_newtable(L);
+ lua_pushvalue(L, -1); /* copy to be left at top */
+ lua_setfield(L, idx, fname); /* assign new table to field */
+ return 0; /* false, because did not find table there */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Stripped-down 'require': After checking "loaded" table, calls 'openf'
+** to open a module, registers the result in 'package.loaded' table and,
+** if 'glb' is true, also registers the result in the global table.
+** Leaves resulting module on the top.
+*/
+LUALIB_API void luaL_requiref (lua_State *L, const char *modname,
+ lua_CFunction openf, int glb) {
+ luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_LOADED_TABLE);
+ lua_getfield(L, -1, modname); /* LOADED[modname] */
+ if (!lua_toboolean(L, -1)) { /* package not already loaded? */
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove field */
+ lua_pushcfunction(L, openf);
+ lua_pushstring(L, modname); /* argument to open function */
+ lua_call(L, 1, 1); /* call 'openf' to open module */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, -1); /* make copy of module (call result) */
+ lua_setfield(L, -3, modname); /* LOADED[modname] = module */
+ }
+ lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove LOADED table */
+ if (glb) {
+ lua_pushvalue(L, -1); /* copy of module */
+ lua_setglobal(L, modname); /* _G[modname] = module */
+ }
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API void luaL_addgsub (luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s,
+ const char *p, const char *r) {
+ const char *wild;
+ size_t l = strlen(p);
+ while ((wild = strstr(s, p)) != NULL) {
+ luaL_addlstring(b, s, wild - s); /* push prefix */
+ luaL_addstring(b, r); /* push replacement in place of pattern */
+ s = wild + l; /* continue after 'p' */
+ }
+ luaL_addstring(b, s); /* push last suffix */
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API const char *luaL_gsub (lua_State *L, const char *s,
+ const char *p, const char *r) {
+ luaL_Buffer b;
+ luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
+ luaL_addgsub(&b, s, p, r);
+ luaL_pushresult(&b);
+ return lua_tostring(L, -1);
+}
+
+
+static void *l_alloc (void *ud, void *ptr, size_t osize, size_t nsize) {
+ (void)ud; (void)osize; /* not used */
+ if (nsize == 0) {
+ free(ptr);
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ else
+ return realloc(ptr, nsize);
+}
+
+
+static int panic (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *msg = lua_tostring(L, -1);
+ if (msg == NULL) msg = "error object is not a string";
+ lua_writestringerror("PANIC: unprotected error in call to Lua API (%s)\n",
+ msg);
+ return 0; /* return to Lua to abort */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Warning functions:
+** warnfoff: warning system is off
+** warnfon: ready to start a new message
+** warnfcont: previous message is to be continued
+*/
+static void warnfoff (void *ud, const char *message, int tocont);
+static void warnfon (void *ud, const char *message, int tocont);
+static void warnfcont (void *ud, const char *message, int tocont);
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether message is a control message. If so, execute the
+** control or ignore it if unknown.
+*/
+static int checkcontrol (lua_State *L, const char *message, int tocont) {
+ if (tocont || *(message++) != '@') /* not a control message? */
+ return 0;
+ else {
+ if (strcmp(message, "off") == 0)
+ lua_setwarnf(L, warnfoff, L); /* turn warnings off */
+ else if (strcmp(message, "on") == 0)
+ lua_setwarnf(L, warnfon, L); /* turn warnings on */
+ return 1; /* it was a control message */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void warnfoff (void *ud, const char *message, int tocont) {
+ checkcontrol((lua_State *)ud, message, tocont);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Writes the message and handle 'tocont', finishing the message
+** if needed and setting the next warn function.
+*/
+static void warnfcont (void *ud, const char *message, int tocont) {
+ lua_State *L = (lua_State *)ud;
+ lua_writestringerror("%s", message); /* write message */
+ if (tocont) /* not the last part? */
+ lua_setwarnf(L, warnfcont, L); /* to be continued */
+ else { /* last part */
+ lua_writestringerror("%s", "\n"); /* finish message with end-of-line */
+ lua_setwarnf(L, warnfon, L); /* next call is a new message */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void warnfon (void *ud, const char *message, int tocont) {
+ if (checkcontrol((lua_State *)ud, message, tocont)) /* control message? */
+ return; /* nothing else to be done */
+ lua_writestringerror("%s", "Lua warning: "); /* start a new warning */
+ warnfcont(ud, message, tocont); /* finish processing */
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API lua_State *luaL_newstate (void) {
+ lua_State *L = lua_newstate(l_alloc, NULL);
+ if (l_likely(L)) {
+ lua_atpanic(L, &panic);
+ lua_setwarnf(L, warnfoff, L); /* default is warnings off */
+ }
+ return L;
+}
+
+
+LUALIB_API void luaL_checkversion_ (lua_State *L, lua_Number ver, size_t sz) {
+ lua_Number v = lua_version(L);
+ if (sz != LUAL_NUMSIZES) /* check numeric types */
+ luaL_error(L, "core and library have incompatible numeric types");
+ else if (v != ver)
+ luaL_error(L, "version mismatch: app. needs %f, Lua core provides %f",
+ (LUAI_UACNUMBER)ver, (LUAI_UACNUMBER)v);
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lauxlib.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lauxlib.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5b977e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lauxlib.h
@@ -0,0 +1,301 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lauxlib.h $
+** Auxiliary functions for building Lua libraries
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+
+#ifndef lauxlib_h
+#define lauxlib_h
+
+
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "luaconf.h"
+#include "lua.h"
+
+
+/* global table */
+#define LUA_GNAME "_G"
+
+
+typedef struct luaL_Buffer luaL_Buffer;
+
+
+/* extra error code for 'luaL_loadfilex' */
+#define LUA_ERRFILE (LUA_ERRERR+1)
+
+
+/* key, in the registry, for table of loaded modules */
+#define LUA_LOADED_TABLE "_LOADED"
+
+
+/* key, in the registry, for table of preloaded loaders */
+#define LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE "_PRELOAD"
+
+
+typedef struct luaL_Reg {
+ const char *name;
+ lua_CFunction func;
+} luaL_Reg;
+
+
+#define LUAL_NUMSIZES (sizeof(lua_Integer)*16 + sizeof(lua_Number))
+
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_checkversion_) (lua_State *L, lua_Number ver, size_t sz);
+#define luaL_checkversion(L) \
+ luaL_checkversion_(L, LUA_VERSION_NUM, LUAL_NUMSIZES)
+
+LUALIB_API int (luaL_getmetafield) (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *e);
+LUALIB_API int (luaL_callmeta) (lua_State *L, int obj, const char *e);
+LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_tolstring) (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len);
+LUALIB_API int (luaL_argerror) (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *extramsg);
+LUALIB_API int (luaL_typeerror) (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *tname);
+LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_checklstring) (lua_State *L, int arg,
+ size_t *l);
+LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_optlstring) (lua_State *L, int arg,
+ const char *def, size_t *l);
+LUALIB_API lua_Number (luaL_checknumber) (lua_State *L, int arg);
+LUALIB_API lua_Number (luaL_optnumber) (lua_State *L, int arg, lua_Number def);
+
+LUALIB_API lua_Integer (luaL_checkinteger) (lua_State *L, int arg);
+LUALIB_API lua_Integer (luaL_optinteger) (lua_State *L, int arg,
+ lua_Integer def);
+
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_checkstack) (lua_State *L, int sz, const char *msg);
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_checktype) (lua_State *L, int arg, int t);
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_checkany) (lua_State *L, int arg);
+
+LUALIB_API int (luaL_newmetatable) (lua_State *L, const char *tname);
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_setmetatable) (lua_State *L, const char *tname);
+LUALIB_API void *(luaL_testudata) (lua_State *L, int ud, const char *tname);
+LUALIB_API void *(luaL_checkudata) (lua_State *L, int ud, const char *tname);
+
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_where) (lua_State *L, int lvl);
+LUALIB_API int (luaL_error) (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...);
+
+LUALIB_API int (luaL_checkoption) (lua_State *L, int arg, const char *def,
+ const char *const lst[]);
+
+LUALIB_API int (luaL_fileresult) (lua_State *L, int stat, const char *fname);
+LUALIB_API int (luaL_execresult) (lua_State *L, int stat);
+
+
+/* predefined references */
+#define LUA_NOREF (-2)
+#define LUA_REFNIL (-1)
+
+LUALIB_API int (luaL_ref) (lua_State *L, int t);
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_unref) (lua_State *L, int t, int ref);
+
+LUALIB_API int (luaL_loadfilex) (lua_State *L, const char *filename,
+ const char *mode);
+
+#define luaL_loadfile(L,f) luaL_loadfilex(L,f,NULL)
+
+LUALIB_API int (luaL_loadbufferx) (lua_State *L, const char *buff, size_t sz,
+ const char *name, const char *mode);
+LUALIB_API int (luaL_loadstring) (lua_State *L, const char *s);
+
+LUALIB_API lua_State *(luaL_newstate) (void);
+
+LUALIB_API lua_Integer (luaL_len) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_addgsub) (luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s,
+ const char *p, const char *r);
+LUALIB_API const char *(luaL_gsub) (lua_State *L, const char *s,
+ const char *p, const char *r);
+
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_setfuncs) (lua_State *L, const luaL_Reg *l, int nup);
+
+LUALIB_API int (luaL_getsubtable) (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *fname);
+
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_traceback) (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1,
+ const char *msg, int level);
+
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_requiref) (lua_State *L, const char *modname,
+ lua_CFunction openf, int glb);
+
+/*
+** ===============================================================
+** some useful macros
+** ===============================================================
+*/
+
+
+#define luaL_newlibtable(L,l) \
+ lua_createtable(L, 0, sizeof(l)/sizeof((l)[0]) - 1)
+
+#define luaL_newlib(L,l) \
+ (luaL_checkversion(L), luaL_newlibtable(L,l), luaL_setfuncs(L,l,0))
+
+#define luaL_argcheck(L, cond,arg,extramsg) \
+ ((void)(luai_likely(cond) || luaL_argerror(L, (arg), (extramsg))))
+
+#define luaL_argexpected(L,cond,arg,tname) \
+ ((void)(luai_likely(cond) || luaL_typeerror(L, (arg), (tname))))
+
+#define luaL_checkstring(L,n) (luaL_checklstring(L, (n), NULL))
+#define luaL_optstring(L,n,d) (luaL_optlstring(L, (n), (d), NULL))
+
+#define luaL_typename(L,i) lua_typename(L, lua_type(L,(i)))
+
+#define luaL_dofile(L, fn) \
+ (luaL_loadfile(L, fn) || lua_pcall(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET, 0))
+
+#define luaL_dostring(L, s) \
+ (luaL_loadstring(L, s) || lua_pcall(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET, 0))
+
+#define luaL_getmetatable(L,n) (lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, (n)))
+
+#define luaL_opt(L,f,n,d) (lua_isnoneornil(L,(n)) ? (d) : f(L,(n)))
+
+#define luaL_loadbuffer(L,s,sz,n) luaL_loadbufferx(L,s,sz,n,NULL)
+
+
+/*
+** Perform arithmetic operations on lua_Integer values with wrap-around
+** semantics, as the Lua core does.
+*/
+#define luaL_intop(op,v1,v2) \
+ ((lua_Integer)((lua_Unsigned)(v1) op (lua_Unsigned)(v2)))
+
+
+/* push the value used to represent failure/error */
+#define luaL_pushfail(L) lua_pushnil(L)
+
+
+/*
+** Internal assertions for in-house debugging
+*/
+#if !defined(lua_assert)
+
+#if defined LUAI_ASSERT
+ #include
+ #define lua_assert(c) assert(c)
+#else
+ #define lua_assert(c) ((void)0)
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Generic Buffer manipulation
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+struct luaL_Buffer {
+ char *b; /* buffer address */
+ size_t size; /* buffer size */
+ size_t n; /* number of characters in buffer */
+ lua_State *L;
+ union {
+ LUAI_MAXALIGN; /* ensure maximum alignment for buffer */
+ char b[LUAL_BUFFERSIZE]; /* initial buffer */
+ } init;
+};
+
+
+#define luaL_bufflen(bf) ((bf)->n)
+#define luaL_buffaddr(bf) ((bf)->b)
+
+
+#define luaL_addchar(B,c) \
+ ((void)((B)->n < (B)->size || luaL_prepbuffsize((B), 1)), \
+ ((B)->b[(B)->n++] = (c)))
+
+#define luaL_addsize(B,s) ((B)->n += (s))
+
+#define luaL_buffsub(B,s) ((B)->n -= (s))
+
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_buffinit) (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B);
+LUALIB_API char *(luaL_prepbuffsize) (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz);
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_addlstring) (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s, size_t l);
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_addstring) (luaL_Buffer *B, const char *s);
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_addvalue) (luaL_Buffer *B);
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_pushresult) (luaL_Buffer *B);
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_pushresultsize) (luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz);
+LUALIB_API char *(luaL_buffinitsize) (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *B, size_t sz);
+
+#define luaL_prepbuffer(B) luaL_prepbuffsize(B, LUAL_BUFFERSIZE)
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** File handles for IO library
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+** A file handle is a userdata with metatable 'LUA_FILEHANDLE' and
+** initial structure 'luaL_Stream' (it may contain other fields
+** after that initial structure).
+*/
+
+#define LUA_FILEHANDLE "FILE*"
+
+
+typedef struct luaL_Stream {
+ FILE *f; /* stream (NULL for incompletely created streams) */
+ lua_CFunction closef; /* to close stream (NULL for closed streams) */
+} luaL_Stream;
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** "Abstraction Layer" for basic report of messages and errors
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/* print a string */
+#if !defined(lua_writestring)
+#define lua_writestring(s,l) fwrite((s), sizeof(char), (l), stdout)
+#endif
+
+/* print a newline and flush the output */
+#if !defined(lua_writeline)
+#define lua_writeline() (lua_writestring("\n", 1), fflush(stdout))
+#endif
+
+/* print an error message */
+#if !defined(lua_writestringerror)
+#define lua_writestringerror(s,p) \
+ (fprintf(stderr, (s), (p)), fflush(stderr))
+#endif
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {============================================================
+** Compatibility with deprecated conversions
+** =============================================================
+*/
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_APIINTCASTS)
+
+#define luaL_checkunsigned(L,a) ((lua_Unsigned)luaL_checkinteger(L,a))
+#define luaL_optunsigned(L,a,d) \
+ ((lua_Unsigned)luaL_optinteger(L,a,(lua_Integer)(d)))
+
+#define luaL_checkint(L,n) ((int)luaL_checkinteger(L, (n)))
+#define luaL_optint(L,n,d) ((int)luaL_optinteger(L, (n), (d)))
+
+#define luaL_checklong(L,n) ((long)luaL_checkinteger(L, (n)))
+#define luaL_optlong(L,n,d) ((long)luaL_optinteger(L, (n), (d)))
+
+#endif
+/* }============================================================ */
+
+
+
+#endif
+
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lbaselib.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lbaselib.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d60c9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lbaselib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,549 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lbaselib.c $
+** Basic library
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lbaselib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lauxlib.h"
+#include "lualib.h"
+
+
+static int luaB_print (lua_State *L) {
+ int n = lua_gettop(L); /* number of arguments */
+ int i;
+ for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) { /* for each argument */
+ size_t l;
+ const char *s = luaL_tolstring(L, i, &l); /* convert it to string */
+ if (i > 1) /* not the first element? */
+ lua_writestring("\t", 1); /* add a tab before it */
+ lua_writestring(s, l); /* print it */
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop result */
+ }
+ lua_writeline();
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Creates a warning with all given arguments.
+** Check first for errors; otherwise an error may interrupt
+** the composition of a warning, leaving it unfinished.
+*/
+static int luaB_warn (lua_State *L) {
+ int n = lua_gettop(L); /* number of arguments */
+ int i;
+ luaL_checkstring(L, 1); /* at least one argument */
+ for (i = 2; i <= n; i++)
+ luaL_checkstring(L, i); /* make sure all arguments are strings */
+ for (i = 1; i < n; i++) /* compose warning */
+ lua_warning(L, lua_tostring(L, i), 1);
+ lua_warning(L, lua_tostring(L, n), 0); /* close warning */
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+#define SPACECHARS " \f\n\r\t\v"
+
+static const char *b_str2int (const char *s, int base, lua_Integer *pn) {
+ lua_Unsigned n = 0;
+ int neg = 0;
+ s += strspn(s, SPACECHARS); /* skip initial spaces */
+ if (*s == '-') { s++; neg = 1; } /* handle sign */
+ else if (*s == '+') s++;
+ if (!isalnum((unsigned char)*s)) /* no digit? */
+ return NULL;
+ do {
+ int digit = (isdigit((unsigned char)*s)) ? *s - '0'
+ : (toupper((unsigned char)*s) - 'A') + 10;
+ if (digit >= base) return NULL; /* invalid numeral */
+ n = n * base + digit;
+ s++;
+ } while (isalnum((unsigned char)*s));
+ s += strspn(s, SPACECHARS); /* skip trailing spaces */
+ *pn = (lua_Integer)((neg) ? (0u - n) : n);
+ return s;
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_tonumber (lua_State *L) {
+ if (lua_isnoneornil(L, 2)) { /* standard conversion? */
+ if (lua_type(L, 1) == LUA_TNUMBER) { /* already a number? */
+ lua_settop(L, 1); /* yes; return it */
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else {
+ size_t l;
+ const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, 1, &l);
+ if (s != NULL && lua_stringtonumber(L, s) == l + 1)
+ return 1; /* successful conversion to number */
+ /* else not a number */
+ luaL_checkany(L, 1); /* (but there must be some parameter) */
+ }
+ }
+ else {
+ size_t l;
+ const char *s;
+ lua_Integer n = 0; /* to avoid warnings */
+ lua_Integer base = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
+ luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TSTRING); /* no numbers as strings */
+ s = lua_tolstring(L, 1, &l);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, 2 <= base && base <= 36, 2, "base out of range");
+ if (b_str2int(s, (int)base, &n) == s + l) {
+ lua_pushinteger(L, n);
+ return 1;
+ } /* else not a number */
+ } /* else not a number */
+ luaL_pushfail(L); /* not a number */
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_error (lua_State *L) {
+ int level = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1);
+ lua_settop(L, 1);
+ if (lua_type(L, 1) == LUA_TSTRING && level > 0) {
+ luaL_where(L, level); /* add extra information */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, 1);
+ lua_concat(L, 2);
+ }
+ return lua_error(L);
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_getmetatable (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_checkany(L, 1);
+ if (!lua_getmetatable(L, 1)) {
+ lua_pushnil(L);
+ return 1; /* no metatable */
+ }
+ luaL_getmetafield(L, 1, "__metatable");
+ return 1; /* returns either __metatable field (if present) or metatable */
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_setmetatable (lua_State *L) {
+ int t = lua_type(L, 2);
+ luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
+ luaL_argexpected(L, t == LUA_TNIL || t == LUA_TTABLE, 2, "nil or table");
+ if (l_unlikely(luaL_getmetafield(L, 1, "__metatable") != LUA_TNIL))
+ return luaL_error(L, "cannot change a protected metatable");
+ lua_settop(L, 2);
+ lua_setmetatable(L, 1);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_rawequal (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_checkany(L, 1);
+ luaL_checkany(L, 2);
+ lua_pushboolean(L, lua_rawequal(L, 1, 2));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_rawlen (lua_State *L) {
+ int t = lua_type(L, 1);
+ luaL_argexpected(L, t == LUA_TTABLE || t == LUA_TSTRING, 1,
+ "table or string");
+ lua_pushinteger(L, lua_rawlen(L, 1));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_rawget (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
+ luaL_checkany(L, 2);
+ lua_settop(L, 2);
+ lua_rawget(L, 1);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int luaB_rawset (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
+ luaL_checkany(L, 2);
+ luaL_checkany(L, 3);
+ lua_settop(L, 3);
+ lua_rawset(L, 1);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int pushmode (lua_State *L, int oldmode) {
+ if (oldmode == -1)
+ luaL_pushfail(L); /* invalid call to 'lua_gc' */
+ else
+ lua_pushstring(L, (oldmode == LUA_GCINC) ? "incremental"
+ : "generational");
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** check whether call to 'lua_gc' was valid (not inside a finalizer)
+*/
+#define checkvalres(res) { if (res == -1) break; }
+
+static int luaB_collectgarbage (lua_State *L) {
+ static const char *const opts[] = {"stop", "restart", "collect",
+ "count", "step", "setpause", "setstepmul",
+ "isrunning", "generational", "incremental", NULL};
+ static const int optsnum[] = {LUA_GCSTOP, LUA_GCRESTART, LUA_GCCOLLECT,
+ LUA_GCCOUNT, LUA_GCSTEP, LUA_GCSETPAUSE, LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL,
+ LUA_GCISRUNNING, LUA_GCGEN, LUA_GCINC};
+ int o = optsnum[luaL_checkoption(L, 1, "collect", opts)];
+ switch (o) {
+ case LUA_GCCOUNT: {
+ int k = lua_gc(L, o);
+ int b = lua_gc(L, LUA_GCCOUNTB);
+ checkvalres(k);
+ lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)k + ((lua_Number)b/1024));
+ return 1;
+ }
+ case LUA_GCSTEP: {
+ int step = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 0);
+ int res = lua_gc(L, o, step);
+ checkvalres(res);
+ lua_pushboolean(L, res);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ case LUA_GCSETPAUSE:
+ case LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL: {
+ int p = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 0);
+ int previous = lua_gc(L, o, p);
+ checkvalres(previous);
+ lua_pushinteger(L, previous);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ case LUA_GCISRUNNING: {
+ int res = lua_gc(L, o);
+ checkvalres(res);
+ lua_pushboolean(L, res);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ case LUA_GCGEN: {
+ int minormul = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 0);
+ int majormul = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 0);
+ return pushmode(L, lua_gc(L, o, minormul, majormul));
+ }
+ case LUA_GCINC: {
+ int pause = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 0);
+ int stepmul = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 0);
+ int stepsize = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 4, 0);
+ return pushmode(L, lua_gc(L, o, pause, stepmul, stepsize));
+ }
+ default: {
+ int res = lua_gc(L, o);
+ checkvalres(res);
+ lua_pushinteger(L, res);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ luaL_pushfail(L); /* invalid call (inside a finalizer) */
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_type (lua_State *L) {
+ int t = lua_type(L, 1);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, t != LUA_TNONE, 1, "value expected");
+ lua_pushstring(L, lua_typename(L, t));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_next (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
+ lua_settop(L, 2); /* create a 2nd argument if there isn't one */
+ if (lua_next(L, 1))
+ return 2;
+ else {
+ lua_pushnil(L);
+ return 1;
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int pairscont (lua_State *L, int status, lua_KContext k) {
+ (void)L; (void)status; (void)k; /* unused */
+ return 3;
+}
+
+static int luaB_pairs (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_checkany(L, 1);
+ if (luaL_getmetafield(L, 1, "__pairs") == LUA_TNIL) { /* no metamethod? */
+ lua_pushcfunction(L, luaB_next); /* will return generator, */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* state, */
+ lua_pushnil(L); /* and initial value */
+ }
+ else {
+ lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* argument 'self' to metamethod */
+ lua_callk(L, 1, 3, 0, pairscont); /* get 3 values from metamethod */
+ }
+ return 3;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Traversal function for 'ipairs'
+*/
+static int ipairsaux (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_Integer i = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
+ i = luaL_intop(+, i, 1);
+ lua_pushinteger(L, i);
+ return (lua_geti(L, 1, i) == LUA_TNIL) ? 1 : 2;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** 'ipairs' function. Returns 'ipairsaux', given "table", 0.
+** (The given "table" may not be a table.)
+*/
+static int luaB_ipairs (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_checkany(L, 1);
+ lua_pushcfunction(L, ipairsaux); /* iteration function */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* state */
+ lua_pushinteger(L, 0); /* initial value */
+ return 3;
+}
+
+
+static int load_aux (lua_State *L, int status, int envidx) {
+ if (l_likely(status == LUA_OK)) {
+ if (envidx != 0) { /* 'env' parameter? */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, envidx); /* environment for loaded function */
+ if (!lua_setupvalue(L, -2, 1)) /* set it as 1st upvalue */
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove 'env' if not used by previous call */
+ }
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else { /* error (message is on top of the stack) */
+ luaL_pushfail(L);
+ lua_insert(L, -2); /* put before error message */
+ return 2; /* return fail plus error message */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_loadfile (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *fname = luaL_optstring(L, 1, NULL);
+ const char *mode = luaL_optstring(L, 2, NULL);
+ int env = (!lua_isnone(L, 3) ? 3 : 0); /* 'env' index or 0 if no 'env' */
+ int status = luaL_loadfilex(L, fname, mode);
+ return load_aux(L, status, env);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Generic Read function
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+
+/*
+** reserved slot, above all arguments, to hold a copy of the returned
+** string to avoid it being collected while parsed. 'load' has four
+** optional arguments (chunk, source name, mode, and environment).
+*/
+#define RESERVEDSLOT 5
+
+
+/*
+** Reader for generic 'load' function: 'lua_load' uses the
+** stack for internal stuff, so the reader cannot change the
+** stack top. Instead, it keeps its resulting string in a
+** reserved slot inside the stack.
+*/
+static const char *generic_reader (lua_State *L, void *ud, size_t *size) {
+ (void)(ud); /* not used */
+ luaL_checkstack(L, 2, "too many nested functions");
+ lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* get function */
+ lua_call(L, 0, 1); /* call it */
+ if (lua_isnil(L, -1)) {
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop result */
+ *size = 0;
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ else if (l_unlikely(!lua_isstring(L, -1)))
+ luaL_error(L, "reader function must return a string");
+ lua_replace(L, RESERVEDSLOT); /* save string in reserved slot */
+ return lua_tolstring(L, RESERVEDSLOT, size);
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_load (lua_State *L) {
+ int status;
+ size_t l;
+ const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, 1, &l);
+ const char *mode = luaL_optstring(L, 3, "bt");
+ int env = (!lua_isnone(L, 4) ? 4 : 0); /* 'env' index or 0 if no 'env' */
+ if (s != NULL) { /* loading a string? */
+ const char *chunkname = luaL_optstring(L, 2, s);
+ status = luaL_loadbufferx(L, s, l, chunkname, mode);
+ }
+ else { /* loading from a reader function */
+ const char *chunkname = luaL_optstring(L, 2, "=(load)");
+ luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TFUNCTION);
+ lua_settop(L, RESERVEDSLOT); /* create reserved slot */
+ status = lua_load(L, generic_reader, NULL, chunkname, mode);
+ }
+ return load_aux(L, status, env);
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+static int dofilecont (lua_State *L, int d1, lua_KContext d2) {
+ (void)d1; (void)d2; /* only to match 'lua_Kfunction' prototype */
+ return lua_gettop(L) - 1;
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_dofile (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *fname = luaL_optstring(L, 1, NULL);
+ lua_settop(L, 1);
+ if (l_unlikely(luaL_loadfile(L, fname) != LUA_OK))
+ return lua_error(L);
+ lua_callk(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET, 0, dofilecont);
+ return dofilecont(L, 0, 0);
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_assert (lua_State *L) {
+ if (l_likely(lua_toboolean(L, 1))) /* condition is true? */
+ return lua_gettop(L); /* return all arguments */
+ else { /* error */
+ luaL_checkany(L, 1); /* there must be a condition */
+ lua_remove(L, 1); /* remove it */
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "assertion failed!"); /* default message */
+ lua_settop(L, 1); /* leave only message (default if no other one) */
+ return luaB_error(L); /* call 'error' */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_select (lua_State *L) {
+ int n = lua_gettop(L);
+ if (lua_type(L, 1) == LUA_TSTRING && *lua_tostring(L, 1) == '#') {
+ lua_pushinteger(L, n-1);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else {
+ lua_Integer i = luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
+ if (i < 0) i = n + i;
+ else if (i > n) i = n;
+ luaL_argcheck(L, 1 <= i, 1, "index out of range");
+ return n - (int)i;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Continuation function for 'pcall' and 'xpcall'. Both functions
+** already pushed a 'true' before doing the call, so in case of success
+** 'finishpcall' only has to return everything in the stack minus
+** 'extra' values (where 'extra' is exactly the number of items to be
+** ignored).
+*/
+static int finishpcall (lua_State *L, int status, lua_KContext extra) {
+ if (l_unlikely(status != LUA_OK && status != LUA_YIELD)) { /* error? */
+ lua_pushboolean(L, 0); /* first result (false) */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* error message */
+ return 2; /* return false, msg */
+ }
+ else
+ return lua_gettop(L) - (int)extra; /* return all results */
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_pcall (lua_State *L) {
+ int status;
+ luaL_checkany(L, 1);
+ lua_pushboolean(L, 1); /* first result if no errors */
+ lua_insert(L, 1); /* put it in place */
+ status = lua_pcallk(L, lua_gettop(L) - 2, LUA_MULTRET, 0, 0, finishpcall);
+ return finishpcall(L, status, 0);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Do a protected call with error handling. After 'lua_rotate', the
+** stack will have ; so, the function passes
+** 2 to 'finishpcall' to skip the 2 first values when returning results.
+*/
+static int luaB_xpcall (lua_State *L) {
+ int status;
+ int n = lua_gettop(L);
+ luaL_checktype(L, 2, LUA_TFUNCTION); /* check error function */
+ lua_pushboolean(L, 1); /* first result */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* function */
+ lua_rotate(L, 3, 2); /* move them below function's arguments */
+ status = lua_pcallk(L, n - 2, LUA_MULTRET, 2, 2, finishpcall);
+ return finishpcall(L, status, 2);
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_tostring (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_checkany(L, 1);
+ luaL_tolstring(L, 1, NULL);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static const luaL_Reg base_funcs[] = {
+ {"assert", luaB_assert},
+ {"collectgarbage", luaB_collectgarbage},
+ {"dofile", luaB_dofile},
+ {"error", luaB_error},
+ {"getmetatable", luaB_getmetatable},
+ {"ipairs", luaB_ipairs},
+ {"loadfile", luaB_loadfile},
+ {"load", luaB_load},
+ {"next", luaB_next},
+ {"pairs", luaB_pairs},
+ {"pcall", luaB_pcall},
+ {"print", luaB_print},
+ {"warn", luaB_warn},
+ {"rawequal", luaB_rawequal},
+ {"rawlen", luaB_rawlen},
+ {"rawget", luaB_rawget},
+ {"rawset", luaB_rawset},
+ {"select", luaB_select},
+ {"setmetatable", luaB_setmetatable},
+ {"tonumber", luaB_tonumber},
+ {"tostring", luaB_tostring},
+ {"type", luaB_type},
+ {"xpcall", luaB_xpcall},
+ /* placeholders */
+ {LUA_GNAME, NULL},
+ {"_VERSION", NULL},
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+
+LUAMOD_API int luaopen_base (lua_State *L) {
+ /* open lib into global table */
+ lua_pushglobaltable(L);
+ luaL_setfuncs(L, base_funcs, 0);
+ /* set global _G */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, LUA_GNAME);
+ /* set global _VERSION */
+ lua_pushliteral(L, LUA_VERSION);
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, "_VERSION");
+ return 1;
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lcode.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lcode.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1a371ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lcode.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1871 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lcode.c $
+** Code generator for Lua
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lcode_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lcode.h"
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h"
+#include "lgc.h"
+#include "llex.h"
+#include "lmem.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lopcodes.h"
+#include "lparser.h"
+#include "lstring.h"
+#include "ltable.h"
+#include "lvm.h"
+
+
+/* Maximum number of registers in a Lua function (must fit in 8 bits) */
+#define MAXREGS 255
+
+
+#define hasjumps(e) ((e)->t != (e)->f)
+
+
+static int codesJ (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int sj, int k);
+
+
+
+/* semantic error */
+l_noret luaK_semerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg) {
+ ls->t.token = 0; /* remove "near " from final message */
+ luaX_syntaxerror(ls, msg);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** If expression is a numeric constant, fills 'v' with its value
+** and returns 1. Otherwise, returns 0.
+*/
+static int tonumeral (const expdesc *e, TValue *v) {
+ if (hasjumps(e))
+ return 0; /* not a numeral */
+ switch (e->k) {
+ case VKINT:
+ if (v) setivalue(v, e->u.ival);
+ return 1;
+ case VKFLT:
+ if (v) setfltvalue(v, e->u.nval);
+ return 1;
+ default: return 0;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Get the constant value from a constant expression
+*/
+static TValue *const2val (FuncState *fs, const expdesc *e) {
+ lua_assert(e->k == VCONST);
+ return &fs->ls->dyd->actvar.arr[e->u.info].k;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** If expression is a constant, fills 'v' with its value
+** and returns 1. Otherwise, returns 0.
+*/
+int luaK_exp2const (FuncState *fs, const expdesc *e, TValue *v) {
+ if (hasjumps(e))
+ return 0; /* not a constant */
+ switch (e->k) {
+ case VFALSE:
+ setbfvalue(v);
+ return 1;
+ case VTRUE:
+ setbtvalue(v);
+ return 1;
+ case VNIL:
+ setnilvalue(v);
+ return 1;
+ case VKSTR: {
+ setsvalue(fs->ls->L, v, e->u.strval);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ case VCONST: {
+ setobj(fs->ls->L, v, const2val(fs, e));
+ return 1;
+ }
+ default: return tonumeral(e, v);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Return the previous instruction of the current code. If there
+** may be a jump target between the current instruction and the
+** previous one, return an invalid instruction (to avoid wrong
+** optimizations).
+*/
+static Instruction *previousinstruction (FuncState *fs) {
+ static const Instruction invalidinstruction = ~(Instruction)0;
+ if (fs->pc > fs->lasttarget)
+ return &fs->f->code[fs->pc - 1]; /* previous instruction */
+ else
+ return cast(Instruction*, &invalidinstruction);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Create a OP_LOADNIL instruction, but try to optimize: if the previous
+** instruction is also OP_LOADNIL and ranges are compatible, adjust
+** range of previous instruction instead of emitting a new one. (For
+** instance, 'local a; local b' will generate a single opcode.)
+*/
+void luaK_nil (FuncState *fs, int from, int n) {
+ int l = from + n - 1; /* last register to set nil */
+ Instruction *previous = previousinstruction(fs);
+ if (GET_OPCODE(*previous) == OP_LOADNIL) { /* previous is LOADNIL? */
+ int pfrom = GETARG_A(*previous); /* get previous range */
+ int pl = pfrom + GETARG_B(*previous);
+ if ((pfrom <= from && from <= pl + 1) ||
+ (from <= pfrom && pfrom <= l + 1)) { /* can connect both? */
+ if (pfrom < from) from = pfrom; /* from = min(from, pfrom) */
+ if (pl > l) l = pl; /* l = max(l, pl) */
+ SETARG_A(*previous, from);
+ SETARG_B(*previous, l - from);
+ return;
+ } /* else go through */
+ }
+ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_LOADNIL, from, n - 1, 0); /* else no optimization */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Gets the destination address of a jump instruction. Used to traverse
+** a list of jumps.
+*/
+static int getjump (FuncState *fs, int pc) {
+ int offset = GETARG_sJ(fs->f->code[pc]);
+ if (offset == NO_JUMP) /* point to itself represents end of list */
+ return NO_JUMP; /* end of list */
+ else
+ return (pc+1)+offset; /* turn offset into absolute position */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Fix jump instruction at position 'pc' to jump to 'dest'.
+** (Jump addresses are relative in Lua)
+*/
+static void fixjump (FuncState *fs, int pc, int dest) {
+ Instruction *jmp = &fs->f->code[pc];
+ int offset = dest - (pc + 1);
+ lua_assert(dest != NO_JUMP);
+ if (!(-OFFSET_sJ <= offset && offset <= MAXARG_sJ - OFFSET_sJ))
+ luaX_syntaxerror(fs->ls, "control structure too long");
+ lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*jmp) == OP_JMP);
+ SETARG_sJ(*jmp, offset);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Concatenate jump-list 'l2' into jump-list 'l1'
+*/
+void luaK_concat (FuncState *fs, int *l1, int l2) {
+ if (l2 == NO_JUMP) return; /* nothing to concatenate? */
+ else if (*l1 == NO_JUMP) /* no original list? */
+ *l1 = l2; /* 'l1' points to 'l2' */
+ else {
+ int list = *l1;
+ int next;
+ while ((next = getjump(fs, list)) != NO_JUMP) /* find last element */
+ list = next;
+ fixjump(fs, list, l2); /* last element links to 'l2' */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Create a jump instruction and return its position, so its destination
+** can be fixed later (with 'fixjump').
+*/
+int luaK_jump (FuncState *fs) {
+ return codesJ(fs, OP_JMP, NO_JUMP, 0);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Code a 'return' instruction
+*/
+void luaK_ret (FuncState *fs, int first, int nret) {
+ OpCode op;
+ switch (nret) {
+ case 0: op = OP_RETURN0; break;
+ case 1: op = OP_RETURN1; break;
+ default: op = OP_RETURN; break;
+ }
+ luaK_codeABC(fs, op, first, nret + 1, 0);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Code a "conditional jump", that is, a test or comparison opcode
+** followed by a jump. Return jump position.
+*/
+static int condjump (FuncState *fs, OpCode op, int A, int B, int C, int k) {
+ luaK_codeABCk(fs, op, A, B, C, k);
+ return luaK_jump(fs);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** returns current 'pc' and marks it as a jump target (to avoid wrong
+** optimizations with consecutive instructions not in the same basic block).
+*/
+int luaK_getlabel (FuncState *fs) {
+ fs->lasttarget = fs->pc;
+ return fs->pc;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Returns the position of the instruction "controlling" a given
+** jump (that is, its condition), or the jump itself if it is
+** unconditional.
+*/
+static Instruction *getjumpcontrol (FuncState *fs, int pc) {
+ Instruction *pi = &fs->f->code[pc];
+ if (pc >= 1 && testTMode(GET_OPCODE(*(pi-1))))
+ return pi-1;
+ else
+ return pi;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Patch destination register for a TESTSET instruction.
+** If instruction in position 'node' is not a TESTSET, return 0 ("fails").
+** Otherwise, if 'reg' is not 'NO_REG', set it as the destination
+** register. Otherwise, change instruction to a simple 'TEST' (produces
+** no register value)
+*/
+static int patchtestreg (FuncState *fs, int node, int reg) {
+ Instruction *i = getjumpcontrol(fs, node);
+ if (GET_OPCODE(*i) != OP_TESTSET)
+ return 0; /* cannot patch other instructions */
+ if (reg != NO_REG && reg != GETARG_B(*i))
+ SETARG_A(*i, reg);
+ else {
+ /* no register to put value or register already has the value;
+ change instruction to simple test */
+ *i = CREATE_ABCk(OP_TEST, GETARG_B(*i), 0, 0, GETARG_k(*i));
+ }
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Traverse a list of tests ensuring no one produces a value
+*/
+static void removevalues (FuncState *fs, int list) {
+ for (; list != NO_JUMP; list = getjump(fs, list))
+ patchtestreg(fs, list, NO_REG);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Traverse a list of tests, patching their destination address and
+** registers: tests producing values jump to 'vtarget' (and put their
+** values in 'reg'), other tests jump to 'dtarget'.
+*/
+static void patchlistaux (FuncState *fs, int list, int vtarget, int reg,
+ int dtarget) {
+ while (list != NO_JUMP) {
+ int next = getjump(fs, list);
+ if (patchtestreg(fs, list, reg))
+ fixjump(fs, list, vtarget);
+ else
+ fixjump(fs, list, dtarget); /* jump to default target */
+ list = next;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Path all jumps in 'list' to jump to 'target'.
+** (The assert means that we cannot fix a jump to a forward address
+** because we only know addresses once code is generated.)
+*/
+void luaK_patchlist (FuncState *fs, int list, int target) {
+ lua_assert(target <= fs->pc);
+ patchlistaux(fs, list, target, NO_REG, target);
+}
+
+
+void luaK_patchtohere (FuncState *fs, int list) {
+ int hr = luaK_getlabel(fs); /* mark "here" as a jump target */
+ luaK_patchlist(fs, list, hr);
+}
+
+
+/* limit for difference between lines in relative line info. */
+#define LIMLINEDIFF 0x80
+
+
+/*
+** Save line info for a new instruction. If difference from last line
+** does not fit in a byte, of after that many instructions, save a new
+** absolute line info; (in that case, the special value 'ABSLINEINFO'
+** in 'lineinfo' signals the existence of this absolute information.)
+** Otherwise, store the difference from last line in 'lineinfo'.
+*/
+static void savelineinfo (FuncState *fs, Proto *f, int line) {
+ int linedif = line - fs->previousline;
+ int pc = fs->pc - 1; /* last instruction coded */
+ if (abs(linedif) >= LIMLINEDIFF || fs->iwthabs++ >= MAXIWTHABS) {
+ luaM_growvector(fs->ls->L, f->abslineinfo, fs->nabslineinfo,
+ f->sizeabslineinfo, AbsLineInfo, MAX_INT, "lines");
+ f->abslineinfo[fs->nabslineinfo].pc = pc;
+ f->abslineinfo[fs->nabslineinfo++].line = line;
+ linedif = ABSLINEINFO; /* signal that there is absolute information */
+ fs->iwthabs = 1; /* restart counter */
+ }
+ luaM_growvector(fs->ls->L, f->lineinfo, pc, f->sizelineinfo, ls_byte,
+ MAX_INT, "opcodes");
+ f->lineinfo[pc] = linedif;
+ fs->previousline = line; /* last line saved */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Remove line information from the last instruction.
+** If line information for that instruction is absolute, set 'iwthabs'
+** above its max to force the new (replacing) instruction to have
+** absolute line info, too.
+*/
+static void removelastlineinfo (FuncState *fs) {
+ Proto *f = fs->f;
+ int pc = fs->pc - 1; /* last instruction coded */
+ if (f->lineinfo[pc] != ABSLINEINFO) { /* relative line info? */
+ fs->previousline -= f->lineinfo[pc]; /* correct last line saved */
+ fs->iwthabs--; /* undo previous increment */
+ }
+ else { /* absolute line information */
+ lua_assert(f->abslineinfo[fs->nabslineinfo - 1].pc == pc);
+ fs->nabslineinfo--; /* remove it */
+ fs->iwthabs = MAXIWTHABS + 1; /* force next line info to be absolute */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Remove the last instruction created, correcting line information
+** accordingly.
+*/
+static void removelastinstruction (FuncState *fs) {
+ removelastlineinfo(fs);
+ fs->pc--;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Emit instruction 'i', checking for array sizes and saving also its
+** line information. Return 'i' position.
+*/
+int luaK_code (FuncState *fs, Instruction i) {
+ Proto *f = fs->f;
+ /* put new instruction in code array */
+ luaM_growvector(fs->ls->L, f->code, fs->pc, f->sizecode, Instruction,
+ MAX_INT, "opcodes");
+ f->code[fs->pc++] = i;
+ savelineinfo(fs, f, fs->ls->lastline);
+ return fs->pc - 1; /* index of new instruction */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Format and emit an 'iABC' instruction. (Assertions check consistency
+** of parameters versus opcode.)
+*/
+int luaK_codeABCk (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int a, int b, int c, int k) {
+ lua_assert(getOpMode(o) == iABC);
+ lua_assert(a <= MAXARG_A && b <= MAXARG_B &&
+ c <= MAXARG_C && (k & ~1) == 0);
+ return luaK_code(fs, CREATE_ABCk(o, a, b, c, k));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Format and emit an 'iABx' instruction.
+*/
+int luaK_codeABx (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int a, unsigned int bc) {
+ lua_assert(getOpMode(o) == iABx);
+ lua_assert(a <= MAXARG_A && bc <= MAXARG_Bx);
+ return luaK_code(fs, CREATE_ABx(o, a, bc));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Format and emit an 'iAsBx' instruction.
+*/
+int luaK_codeAsBx (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int a, int bc) {
+ unsigned int b = bc + OFFSET_sBx;
+ lua_assert(getOpMode(o) == iAsBx);
+ lua_assert(a <= MAXARG_A && b <= MAXARG_Bx);
+ return luaK_code(fs, CREATE_ABx(o, a, b));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Format and emit an 'isJ' instruction.
+*/
+static int codesJ (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int sj, int k) {
+ unsigned int j = sj + OFFSET_sJ;
+ lua_assert(getOpMode(o) == isJ);
+ lua_assert(j <= MAXARG_sJ && (k & ~1) == 0);
+ return luaK_code(fs, CREATE_sJ(o, j, k));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Emit an "extra argument" instruction (format 'iAx')
+*/
+static int codeextraarg (FuncState *fs, int a) {
+ lua_assert(a <= MAXARG_Ax);
+ return luaK_code(fs, CREATE_Ax(OP_EXTRAARG, a));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Emit a "load constant" instruction, using either 'OP_LOADK'
+** (if constant index 'k' fits in 18 bits) or an 'OP_LOADKX'
+** instruction with "extra argument".
+*/
+static int luaK_codek (FuncState *fs, int reg, int k) {
+ if (k <= MAXARG_Bx)
+ return luaK_codeABx(fs, OP_LOADK, reg, k);
+ else {
+ int p = luaK_codeABx(fs, OP_LOADKX, reg, 0);
+ codeextraarg(fs, k);
+ return p;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check register-stack level, keeping track of its maximum size
+** in field 'maxstacksize'
+*/
+void luaK_checkstack (FuncState *fs, int n) {
+ int newstack = fs->freereg + n;
+ if (newstack > fs->f->maxstacksize) {
+ if (newstack >= MAXREGS)
+ luaX_syntaxerror(fs->ls,
+ "function or expression needs too many registers");
+ fs->f->maxstacksize = cast_byte(newstack);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Reserve 'n' registers in register stack
+*/
+void luaK_reserveregs (FuncState *fs, int n) {
+ luaK_checkstack(fs, n);
+ fs->freereg += n;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Free register 'reg', if it is neither a constant index nor
+** a local variable.
+)
+*/
+static void freereg (FuncState *fs, int reg) {
+ if (reg >= luaY_nvarstack(fs)) {
+ fs->freereg--;
+ lua_assert(reg == fs->freereg);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Free two registers in proper order
+*/
+static void freeregs (FuncState *fs, int r1, int r2) {
+ if (r1 > r2) {
+ freereg(fs, r1);
+ freereg(fs, r2);
+ }
+ else {
+ freereg(fs, r2);
+ freereg(fs, r1);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Free register used by expression 'e' (if any)
+*/
+static void freeexp (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
+ if (e->k == VNONRELOC)
+ freereg(fs, e->u.info);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Free registers used by expressions 'e1' and 'e2' (if any) in proper
+** order.
+*/
+static void freeexps (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) {
+ int r1 = (e1->k == VNONRELOC) ? e1->u.info : -1;
+ int r2 = (e2->k == VNONRELOC) ? e2->u.info : -1;
+ freeregs(fs, r1, r2);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Add constant 'v' to prototype's list of constants (field 'k').
+** Use scanner's table to cache position of constants in constant list
+** and try to reuse constants. Because some values should not be used
+** as keys (nil cannot be a key, integer keys can collapse with float
+** keys), the caller must provide a useful 'key' for indexing the cache.
+** Note that all functions share the same table, so entering or exiting
+** a function can make some indices wrong.
+*/
+static int addk (FuncState *fs, TValue *key, TValue *v) {
+ TValue val;
+ lua_State *L = fs->ls->L;
+ Proto *f = fs->f;
+ const TValue *idx = luaH_get(fs->ls->h, key); /* query scanner table */
+ int k, oldsize;
+ if (ttisinteger(idx)) { /* is there an index there? */
+ k = cast_int(ivalue(idx));
+ /* correct value? (warning: must distinguish floats from integers!) */
+ if (k < fs->nk && ttypetag(&f->k[k]) == ttypetag(v) &&
+ luaV_rawequalobj(&f->k[k], v))
+ return k; /* reuse index */
+ }
+ /* constant not found; create a new entry */
+ oldsize = f->sizek;
+ k = fs->nk;
+ /* numerical value does not need GC barrier;
+ table has no metatable, so it does not need to invalidate cache */
+ setivalue(&val, k);
+ luaH_finishset(L, fs->ls->h, key, idx, &val);
+ luaM_growvector(L, f->k, k, f->sizek, TValue, MAXARG_Ax, "constants");
+ while (oldsize < f->sizek) setnilvalue(&f->k[oldsize++]);
+ setobj(L, &f->k[k], v);
+ fs->nk++;
+ luaC_barrier(L, f, v);
+ return k;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Add a string to list of constants and return its index.
+*/
+static int stringK (FuncState *fs, TString *s) {
+ TValue o;
+ setsvalue(fs->ls->L, &o, s);
+ return addk(fs, &o, &o); /* use string itself as key */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Add an integer to list of constants and return its index.
+*/
+static int luaK_intK (FuncState *fs, lua_Integer n) {
+ TValue o;
+ setivalue(&o, n);
+ return addk(fs, &o, &o); /* use integer itself as key */
+}
+
+/*
+** Add a float to list of constants and return its index. Floats
+** with integral values need a different key, to avoid collision
+** with actual integers. To that, we add to the number its smaller
+** power-of-two fraction that is still significant in its scale.
+** For doubles, that would be 1/2^52.
+** (This method is not bulletproof: there may be another float
+** with that value, and for floats larger than 2^53 the result is
+** still an integer. At worst, this only wastes an entry with
+** a duplicate.)
+*/
+static int luaK_numberK (FuncState *fs, lua_Number r) {
+ TValue o;
+ lua_Integer ik;
+ setfltvalue(&o, r);
+ if (!luaV_flttointeger(r, &ik, F2Ieq)) /* not an integral value? */
+ return addk(fs, &o, &o); /* use number itself as key */
+ else { /* must build an alternative key */
+ const int nbm = l_floatatt(MANT_DIG);
+ const lua_Number q = l_mathop(ldexp)(l_mathop(1.0), -nbm + 1);
+ const lua_Number k = (ik == 0) ? q : r + r*q; /* new key */
+ TValue kv;
+ setfltvalue(&kv, k);
+ /* result is not an integral value, unless value is too large */
+ lua_assert(!luaV_flttointeger(k, &ik, F2Ieq) ||
+ l_mathop(fabs)(r) >= l_mathop(1e6));
+ return addk(fs, &kv, &o);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Add a false to list of constants and return its index.
+*/
+static int boolF (FuncState *fs) {
+ TValue o;
+ setbfvalue(&o);
+ return addk(fs, &o, &o); /* use boolean itself as key */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Add a true to list of constants and return its index.
+*/
+static int boolT (FuncState *fs) {
+ TValue o;
+ setbtvalue(&o);
+ return addk(fs, &o, &o); /* use boolean itself as key */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Add nil to list of constants and return its index.
+*/
+static int nilK (FuncState *fs) {
+ TValue k, v;
+ setnilvalue(&v);
+ /* cannot use nil as key; instead use table itself to represent nil */
+ sethvalue(fs->ls->L, &k, fs->ls->h);
+ return addk(fs, &k, &v);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether 'i' can be stored in an 'sC' operand. Equivalent to
+** (0 <= int2sC(i) && int2sC(i) <= MAXARG_C) but without risk of
+** overflows in the hidden addition inside 'int2sC'.
+*/
+static int fitsC (lua_Integer i) {
+ return (l_castS2U(i) + OFFSET_sC <= cast_uint(MAXARG_C));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether 'i' can be stored in an 'sBx' operand.
+*/
+static int fitsBx (lua_Integer i) {
+ return (-OFFSET_sBx <= i && i <= MAXARG_Bx - OFFSET_sBx);
+}
+
+
+void luaK_int (FuncState *fs, int reg, lua_Integer i) {
+ if (fitsBx(i))
+ luaK_codeAsBx(fs, OP_LOADI, reg, cast_int(i));
+ else
+ luaK_codek(fs, reg, luaK_intK(fs, i));
+}
+
+
+static void luaK_float (FuncState *fs, int reg, lua_Number f) {
+ lua_Integer fi;
+ if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &fi, F2Ieq) && fitsBx(fi))
+ luaK_codeAsBx(fs, OP_LOADF, reg, cast_int(fi));
+ else
+ luaK_codek(fs, reg, luaK_numberK(fs, f));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Convert a constant in 'v' into an expression description 'e'
+*/
+static void const2exp (TValue *v, expdesc *e) {
+ switch (ttypetag(v)) {
+ case LUA_VNUMINT:
+ e->k = VKINT; e->u.ival = ivalue(v);
+ break;
+ case LUA_VNUMFLT:
+ e->k = VKFLT; e->u.nval = fltvalue(v);
+ break;
+ case LUA_VFALSE:
+ e->k = VFALSE;
+ break;
+ case LUA_VTRUE:
+ e->k = VTRUE;
+ break;
+ case LUA_VNIL:
+ e->k = VNIL;
+ break;
+ case LUA_VSHRSTR: case LUA_VLNGSTR:
+ e->k = VKSTR; e->u.strval = tsvalue(v);
+ break;
+ default: lua_assert(0);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Fix an expression to return the number of results 'nresults'.
+** 'e' must be a multi-ret expression (function call or vararg).
+*/
+void luaK_setreturns (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int nresults) {
+ Instruction *pc = &getinstruction(fs, e);
+ if (e->k == VCALL) /* expression is an open function call? */
+ SETARG_C(*pc, nresults + 1);
+ else {
+ lua_assert(e->k == VVARARG);
+ SETARG_C(*pc, nresults + 1);
+ SETARG_A(*pc, fs->freereg);
+ luaK_reserveregs(fs, 1);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Convert a VKSTR to a VK
+*/
+static void str2K (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
+ lua_assert(e->k == VKSTR);
+ e->u.info = stringK(fs, e->u.strval);
+ e->k = VK;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Fix an expression to return one result.
+** If expression is not a multi-ret expression (function call or
+** vararg), it already returns one result, so nothing needs to be done.
+** Function calls become VNONRELOC expressions (as its result comes
+** fixed in the base register of the call), while vararg expressions
+** become VRELOC (as OP_VARARG puts its results where it wants).
+** (Calls are created returning one result, so that does not need
+** to be fixed.)
+*/
+void luaK_setoneret (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
+ if (e->k == VCALL) { /* expression is an open function call? */
+ /* already returns 1 value */
+ lua_assert(GETARG_C(getinstruction(fs, e)) == 2);
+ e->k = VNONRELOC; /* result has fixed position */
+ e->u.info = GETARG_A(getinstruction(fs, e));
+ }
+ else if (e->k == VVARARG) {
+ SETARG_C(getinstruction(fs, e), 2);
+ e->k = VRELOC; /* can relocate its simple result */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Ensure that expression 'e' is not a variable (nor a ).
+** (Expression still may have jump lists.)
+*/
+void luaK_dischargevars (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
+ switch (e->k) {
+ case VCONST: {
+ const2exp(const2val(fs, e), e);
+ break;
+ }
+ case VLOCAL: { /* already in a register */
+ e->u.info = e->u.var.ridx;
+ e->k = VNONRELOC; /* becomes a non-relocatable value */
+ break;
+ }
+ case VUPVAL: { /* move value to some (pending) register */
+ e->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_GETUPVAL, 0, e->u.info, 0);
+ e->k = VRELOC;
+ break;
+ }
+ case VINDEXUP: {
+ e->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_GETTABUP, 0, e->u.ind.t, e->u.ind.idx);
+ e->k = VRELOC;
+ break;
+ }
+ case VINDEXI: {
+ freereg(fs, e->u.ind.t);
+ e->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_GETI, 0, e->u.ind.t, e->u.ind.idx);
+ e->k = VRELOC;
+ break;
+ }
+ case VINDEXSTR: {
+ freereg(fs, e->u.ind.t);
+ e->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_GETFIELD, 0, e->u.ind.t, e->u.ind.idx);
+ e->k = VRELOC;
+ break;
+ }
+ case VINDEXED: {
+ freeregs(fs, e->u.ind.t, e->u.ind.idx);
+ e->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_GETTABLE, 0, e->u.ind.t, e->u.ind.idx);
+ e->k = VRELOC;
+ break;
+ }
+ case VVARARG: case VCALL: {
+ luaK_setoneret(fs, e);
+ break;
+ }
+ default: break; /* there is one value available (somewhere) */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Ensure expression value is in register 'reg', making 'e' a
+** non-relocatable expression.
+** (Expression still may have jump lists.)
+*/
+static void discharge2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) {
+ luaK_dischargevars(fs, e);
+ switch (e->k) {
+ case VNIL: {
+ luaK_nil(fs, reg, 1);
+ break;
+ }
+ case VFALSE: {
+ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_LOADFALSE, reg, 0, 0);
+ break;
+ }
+ case VTRUE: {
+ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_LOADTRUE, reg, 0, 0);
+ break;
+ }
+ case VKSTR: {
+ str2K(fs, e);
+ } /* FALLTHROUGH */
+ case VK: {
+ luaK_codek(fs, reg, e->u.info);
+ break;
+ }
+ case VKFLT: {
+ luaK_float(fs, reg, e->u.nval);
+ break;
+ }
+ case VKINT: {
+ luaK_int(fs, reg, e->u.ival);
+ break;
+ }
+ case VRELOC: {
+ Instruction *pc = &getinstruction(fs, e);
+ SETARG_A(*pc, reg); /* instruction will put result in 'reg' */
+ break;
+ }
+ case VNONRELOC: {
+ if (reg != e->u.info)
+ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_MOVE, reg, e->u.info, 0);
+ break;
+ }
+ default: {
+ lua_assert(e->k == VJMP);
+ return; /* nothing to do... */
+ }
+ }
+ e->u.info = reg;
+ e->k = VNONRELOC;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Ensure expression value is in a register, making 'e' a
+** non-relocatable expression.
+** (Expression still may have jump lists.)
+*/
+static void discharge2anyreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
+ if (e->k != VNONRELOC) { /* no fixed register yet? */
+ luaK_reserveregs(fs, 1); /* get a register */
+ discharge2reg(fs, e, fs->freereg-1); /* put value there */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int code_loadbool (FuncState *fs, int A, OpCode op) {
+ luaK_getlabel(fs); /* those instructions may be jump targets */
+ return luaK_codeABC(fs, op, A, 0, 0);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** check whether list has any jump that do not produce a value
+** or produce an inverted value
+*/
+static int need_value (FuncState *fs, int list) {
+ for (; list != NO_JUMP; list = getjump(fs, list)) {
+ Instruction i = *getjumpcontrol(fs, list);
+ if (GET_OPCODE(i) != OP_TESTSET) return 1;
+ }
+ return 0; /* not found */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Ensures final expression result (which includes results from its
+** jump lists) is in register 'reg'.
+** If expression has jumps, need to patch these jumps either to
+** its final position or to "load" instructions (for those tests
+** that do not produce values).
+*/
+static void exp2reg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int reg) {
+ discharge2reg(fs, e, reg);
+ if (e->k == VJMP) /* expression itself is a test? */
+ luaK_concat(fs, &e->t, e->u.info); /* put this jump in 't' list */
+ if (hasjumps(e)) {
+ int final; /* position after whole expression */
+ int p_f = NO_JUMP; /* position of an eventual LOAD false */
+ int p_t = NO_JUMP; /* position of an eventual LOAD true */
+ if (need_value(fs, e->t) || need_value(fs, e->f)) {
+ int fj = (e->k == VJMP) ? NO_JUMP : luaK_jump(fs);
+ p_f = code_loadbool(fs, reg, OP_LFALSESKIP); /* skip next inst. */
+ p_t = code_loadbool(fs, reg, OP_LOADTRUE);
+ /* jump around these booleans if 'e' is not a test */
+ luaK_patchtohere(fs, fj);
+ }
+ final = luaK_getlabel(fs);
+ patchlistaux(fs, e->f, final, reg, p_f);
+ patchlistaux(fs, e->t, final, reg, p_t);
+ }
+ e->f = e->t = NO_JUMP;
+ e->u.info = reg;
+ e->k = VNONRELOC;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Ensures final expression result is in next available register.
+*/
+void luaK_exp2nextreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
+ luaK_dischargevars(fs, e);
+ freeexp(fs, e);
+ luaK_reserveregs(fs, 1);
+ exp2reg(fs, e, fs->freereg - 1);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Ensures final expression result is in some (any) register
+** and return that register.
+*/
+int luaK_exp2anyreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
+ luaK_dischargevars(fs, e);
+ if (e->k == VNONRELOC) { /* expression already has a register? */
+ if (!hasjumps(e)) /* no jumps? */
+ return e->u.info; /* result is already in a register */
+ if (e->u.info >= luaY_nvarstack(fs)) { /* reg. is not a local? */
+ exp2reg(fs, e, e->u.info); /* put final result in it */
+ return e->u.info;
+ }
+ /* else expression has jumps and cannot change its register
+ to hold the jump values, because it is a local variable.
+ Go through to the default case. */
+ }
+ luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, e); /* default: use next available register */
+ return e->u.info;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Ensures final expression result is either in a register
+** or in an upvalue.
+*/
+void luaK_exp2anyregup (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
+ if (e->k != VUPVAL || hasjumps(e))
+ luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Ensures final expression result is either in a register
+** or it is a constant.
+*/
+void luaK_exp2val (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
+ if (hasjumps(e))
+ luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e);
+ else
+ luaK_dischargevars(fs, e);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Try to make 'e' a K expression with an index in the range of R/K
+** indices. Return true iff succeeded.
+*/
+static int luaK_exp2K (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
+ if (!hasjumps(e)) {
+ int info;
+ switch (e->k) { /* move constants to 'k' */
+ case VTRUE: info = boolT(fs); break;
+ case VFALSE: info = boolF(fs); break;
+ case VNIL: info = nilK(fs); break;
+ case VKINT: info = luaK_intK(fs, e->u.ival); break;
+ case VKFLT: info = luaK_numberK(fs, e->u.nval); break;
+ case VKSTR: info = stringK(fs, e->u.strval); break;
+ case VK: info = e->u.info; break;
+ default: return 0; /* not a constant */
+ }
+ if (info <= MAXINDEXRK) { /* does constant fit in 'argC'? */
+ e->k = VK; /* make expression a 'K' expression */
+ e->u.info = info;
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ /* else, expression doesn't fit; leave it unchanged */
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Ensures final expression result is in a valid R/K index
+** (that is, it is either in a register or in 'k' with an index
+** in the range of R/K indices).
+** Returns 1 iff expression is K.
+*/
+int luaK_exp2RK (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
+ if (luaK_exp2K(fs, e))
+ return 1;
+ else { /* not a constant in the right range: put it in a register */
+ luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e);
+ return 0;
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void codeABRK (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int a, int b,
+ expdesc *ec) {
+ int k = luaK_exp2RK(fs, ec);
+ luaK_codeABCk(fs, o, a, b, ec->u.info, k);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Generate code to store result of expression 'ex' into variable 'var'.
+*/
+void luaK_storevar (FuncState *fs, expdesc *var, expdesc *ex) {
+ switch (var->k) {
+ case VLOCAL: {
+ freeexp(fs, ex);
+ exp2reg(fs, ex, var->u.var.ridx); /* compute 'ex' into proper place */
+ return;
+ }
+ case VUPVAL: {
+ int e = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, ex);
+ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_SETUPVAL, e, var->u.info, 0);
+ break;
+ }
+ case VINDEXUP: {
+ codeABRK(fs, OP_SETTABUP, var->u.ind.t, var->u.ind.idx, ex);
+ break;
+ }
+ case VINDEXI: {
+ codeABRK(fs, OP_SETI, var->u.ind.t, var->u.ind.idx, ex);
+ break;
+ }
+ case VINDEXSTR: {
+ codeABRK(fs, OP_SETFIELD, var->u.ind.t, var->u.ind.idx, ex);
+ break;
+ }
+ case VINDEXED: {
+ codeABRK(fs, OP_SETTABLE, var->u.ind.t, var->u.ind.idx, ex);
+ break;
+ }
+ default: lua_assert(0); /* invalid var kind to store */
+ }
+ freeexp(fs, ex);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Emit SELF instruction (convert expression 'e' into 'e:key(e,').
+*/
+void luaK_self (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, expdesc *key) {
+ int ereg;
+ luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e);
+ ereg = e->u.info; /* register where 'e' was placed */
+ freeexp(fs, e);
+ e->u.info = fs->freereg; /* base register for op_self */
+ e->k = VNONRELOC; /* self expression has a fixed register */
+ luaK_reserveregs(fs, 2); /* function and 'self' produced by op_self */
+ codeABRK(fs, OP_SELF, e->u.info, ereg, key);
+ freeexp(fs, key);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Negate condition 'e' (where 'e' is a comparison).
+*/
+static void negatecondition (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
+ Instruction *pc = getjumpcontrol(fs, e->u.info);
+ lua_assert(testTMode(GET_OPCODE(*pc)) && GET_OPCODE(*pc) != OP_TESTSET &&
+ GET_OPCODE(*pc) != OP_TEST);
+ SETARG_k(*pc, (GETARG_k(*pc) ^ 1));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Emit instruction to jump if 'e' is 'cond' (that is, if 'cond'
+** is true, code will jump if 'e' is true.) Return jump position.
+** Optimize when 'e' is 'not' something, inverting the condition
+** and removing the 'not'.
+*/
+static int jumponcond (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int cond) {
+ if (e->k == VRELOC) {
+ Instruction ie = getinstruction(fs, e);
+ if (GET_OPCODE(ie) == OP_NOT) {
+ removelastinstruction(fs); /* remove previous OP_NOT */
+ return condjump(fs, OP_TEST, GETARG_B(ie), 0, 0, !cond);
+ }
+ /* else go through */
+ }
+ discharge2anyreg(fs, e);
+ freeexp(fs, e);
+ return condjump(fs, OP_TESTSET, NO_REG, e->u.info, 0, cond);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Emit code to go through if 'e' is true, jump otherwise.
+*/
+void luaK_goiftrue (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
+ int pc; /* pc of new jump */
+ luaK_dischargevars(fs, e);
+ switch (e->k) {
+ case VJMP: { /* condition? */
+ negatecondition(fs, e); /* jump when it is false */
+ pc = e->u.info; /* save jump position */
+ break;
+ }
+ case VK: case VKFLT: case VKINT: case VKSTR: case VTRUE: {
+ pc = NO_JUMP; /* always true; do nothing */
+ break;
+ }
+ default: {
+ pc = jumponcond(fs, e, 0); /* jump when false */
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ luaK_concat(fs, &e->f, pc); /* insert new jump in false list */
+ luaK_patchtohere(fs, e->t); /* true list jumps to here (to go through) */
+ e->t = NO_JUMP;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Emit code to go through if 'e' is false, jump otherwise.
+*/
+void luaK_goiffalse (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
+ int pc; /* pc of new jump */
+ luaK_dischargevars(fs, e);
+ switch (e->k) {
+ case VJMP: {
+ pc = e->u.info; /* already jump if true */
+ break;
+ }
+ case VNIL: case VFALSE: {
+ pc = NO_JUMP; /* always false; do nothing */
+ break;
+ }
+ default: {
+ pc = jumponcond(fs, e, 1); /* jump if true */
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ luaK_concat(fs, &e->t, pc); /* insert new jump in 't' list */
+ luaK_patchtohere(fs, e->f); /* false list jumps to here (to go through) */
+ e->f = NO_JUMP;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Code 'not e', doing constant folding.
+*/
+static void codenot (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
+ switch (e->k) {
+ case VNIL: case VFALSE: {
+ e->k = VTRUE; /* true == not nil == not false */
+ break;
+ }
+ case VK: case VKFLT: case VKINT: case VKSTR: case VTRUE: {
+ e->k = VFALSE; /* false == not "x" == not 0.5 == not 1 == not true */
+ break;
+ }
+ case VJMP: {
+ negatecondition(fs, e);
+ break;
+ }
+ case VRELOC:
+ case VNONRELOC: {
+ discharge2anyreg(fs, e);
+ freeexp(fs, e);
+ e->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_NOT, 0, e->u.info, 0);
+ e->k = VRELOC;
+ break;
+ }
+ default: lua_assert(0); /* cannot happen */
+ }
+ /* interchange true and false lists */
+ { int temp = e->f; e->f = e->t; e->t = temp; }
+ removevalues(fs, e->f); /* values are useless when negated */
+ removevalues(fs, e->t);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether expression 'e' is a small literal string
+*/
+static int isKstr (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e) {
+ return (e->k == VK && !hasjumps(e) && e->u.info <= MAXARG_B &&
+ ttisshrstring(&fs->f->k[e->u.info]));
+}
+
+/*
+** Check whether expression 'e' is a literal integer.
+*/
+int luaK_isKint (expdesc *e) {
+ return (e->k == VKINT && !hasjumps(e));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether expression 'e' is a literal integer in
+** proper range to fit in register C
+*/
+static int isCint (expdesc *e) {
+ return luaK_isKint(e) && (l_castS2U(e->u.ival) <= l_castS2U(MAXARG_C));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether expression 'e' is a literal integer in
+** proper range to fit in register sC
+*/
+static int isSCint (expdesc *e) {
+ return luaK_isKint(e) && fitsC(e->u.ival);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether expression 'e' is a literal integer or float in
+** proper range to fit in a register (sB or sC).
+*/
+static int isSCnumber (expdesc *e, int *pi, int *isfloat) {
+ lua_Integer i;
+ if (e->k == VKINT)
+ i = e->u.ival;
+ else if (e->k == VKFLT && luaV_flttointeger(e->u.nval, &i, F2Ieq))
+ *isfloat = 1;
+ else
+ return 0; /* not a number */
+ if (!hasjumps(e) && fitsC(i)) {
+ *pi = int2sC(cast_int(i));
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Create expression 't[k]'. 't' must have its final result already in a
+** register or upvalue. Upvalues can only be indexed by literal strings.
+** Keys can be literal strings in the constant table or arbitrary
+** values in registers.
+*/
+void luaK_indexed (FuncState *fs, expdesc *t, expdesc *k) {
+ if (k->k == VKSTR)
+ str2K(fs, k);
+ lua_assert(!hasjumps(t) &&
+ (t->k == VLOCAL || t->k == VNONRELOC || t->k == VUPVAL));
+ if (t->k == VUPVAL && !isKstr(fs, k)) /* upvalue indexed by non 'Kstr'? */
+ luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, t); /* put it in a register */
+ if (t->k == VUPVAL) {
+ t->u.ind.t = t->u.info; /* upvalue index */
+ t->u.ind.idx = k->u.info; /* literal string */
+ t->k = VINDEXUP;
+ }
+ else {
+ /* register index of the table */
+ t->u.ind.t = (t->k == VLOCAL) ? t->u.var.ridx: t->u.info;
+ if (isKstr(fs, k)) {
+ t->u.ind.idx = k->u.info; /* literal string */
+ t->k = VINDEXSTR;
+ }
+ else if (isCint(k)) {
+ t->u.ind.idx = cast_int(k->u.ival); /* int. constant in proper range */
+ t->k = VINDEXI;
+ }
+ else {
+ t->u.ind.idx = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, k); /* register */
+ t->k = VINDEXED;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Return false if folding can raise an error.
+** Bitwise operations need operands convertible to integers; division
+** operations cannot have 0 as divisor.
+*/
+static int validop (int op, TValue *v1, TValue *v2) {
+ switch (op) {
+ case LUA_OPBAND: case LUA_OPBOR: case LUA_OPBXOR:
+ case LUA_OPSHL: case LUA_OPSHR: case LUA_OPBNOT: { /* conversion errors */
+ lua_Integer i;
+ return (luaV_tointegerns(v1, &i, LUA_FLOORN2I) &&
+ luaV_tointegerns(v2, &i, LUA_FLOORN2I));
+ }
+ case LUA_OPDIV: case LUA_OPIDIV: case LUA_OPMOD: /* division by 0 */
+ return (nvalue(v2) != 0);
+ default: return 1; /* everything else is valid */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Try to "constant-fold" an operation; return 1 iff successful.
+** (In this case, 'e1' has the final result.)
+*/
+static int constfolding (FuncState *fs, int op, expdesc *e1,
+ const expdesc *e2) {
+ TValue v1, v2, res;
+ if (!tonumeral(e1, &v1) || !tonumeral(e2, &v2) || !validop(op, &v1, &v2))
+ return 0; /* non-numeric operands or not safe to fold */
+ luaO_rawarith(fs->ls->L, op, &v1, &v2, &res); /* does operation */
+ if (ttisinteger(&res)) {
+ e1->k = VKINT;
+ e1->u.ival = ivalue(&res);
+ }
+ else { /* folds neither NaN nor 0.0 (to avoid problems with -0.0) */
+ lua_Number n = fltvalue(&res);
+ if (luai_numisnan(n) || n == 0)
+ return 0;
+ e1->k = VKFLT;
+ e1->u.nval = n;
+ }
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Convert a BinOpr to an OpCode (ORDER OPR - ORDER OP)
+*/
+l_sinline OpCode binopr2op (BinOpr opr, BinOpr baser, OpCode base) {
+ lua_assert(baser <= opr &&
+ ((baser == OPR_ADD && opr <= OPR_SHR) ||
+ (baser == OPR_LT && opr <= OPR_LE)));
+ return cast(OpCode, (cast_int(opr) - cast_int(baser)) + cast_int(base));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Convert a UnOpr to an OpCode (ORDER OPR - ORDER OP)
+*/
+l_sinline OpCode unopr2op (UnOpr opr) {
+ return cast(OpCode, (cast_int(opr) - cast_int(OPR_MINUS)) +
+ cast_int(OP_UNM));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Convert a BinOpr to a tag method (ORDER OPR - ORDER TM)
+*/
+l_sinline TMS binopr2TM (BinOpr opr) {
+ lua_assert(OPR_ADD <= opr && opr <= OPR_SHR);
+ return cast(TMS, (cast_int(opr) - cast_int(OPR_ADD)) + cast_int(TM_ADD));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Emit code for unary expressions that "produce values"
+** (everything but 'not').
+** Expression to produce final result will be encoded in 'e'.
+*/
+static void codeunexpval (FuncState *fs, OpCode op, expdesc *e, int line) {
+ int r = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e); /* opcodes operate only on registers */
+ freeexp(fs, e);
+ e->u.info = luaK_codeABC(fs, op, 0, r, 0); /* generate opcode */
+ e->k = VRELOC; /* all those operations are relocatable */
+ luaK_fixline(fs, line);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Emit code for binary expressions that "produce values"
+** (everything but logical operators 'and'/'or' and comparison
+** operators).
+** Expression to produce final result will be encoded in 'e1'.
+*/
+static void finishbinexpval (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2,
+ OpCode op, int v2, int flip, int line,
+ OpCode mmop, TMS event) {
+ int v1 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e1);
+ int pc = luaK_codeABCk(fs, op, 0, v1, v2, 0);
+ freeexps(fs, e1, e2);
+ e1->u.info = pc;
+ e1->k = VRELOC; /* all those operations are relocatable */
+ luaK_fixline(fs, line);
+ luaK_codeABCk(fs, mmop, v1, v2, event, flip); /* to call metamethod */
+ luaK_fixline(fs, line);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Emit code for binary expressions that "produce values" over
+** two registers.
+*/
+static void codebinexpval (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr,
+ expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int line) {
+ OpCode op = binopr2op(opr, OPR_ADD, OP_ADD);
+ int v2 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e2); /* make sure 'e2' is in a register */
+ /* 'e1' must be already in a register or it is a constant */
+ lua_assert((VNIL <= e1->k && e1->k <= VKSTR) ||
+ e1->k == VNONRELOC || e1->k == VRELOC);
+ lua_assert(OP_ADD <= op && op <= OP_SHR);
+ finishbinexpval(fs, e1, e2, op, v2, 0, line, OP_MMBIN, binopr2TM(opr));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Code binary operators with immediate operands.
+*/
+static void codebini (FuncState *fs, OpCode op,
+ expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int flip, int line,
+ TMS event) {
+ int v2 = int2sC(cast_int(e2->u.ival)); /* immediate operand */
+ lua_assert(e2->k == VKINT);
+ finishbinexpval(fs, e1, e2, op, v2, flip, line, OP_MMBINI, event);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Code binary operators with K operand.
+*/
+static void codebinK (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr,
+ expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int flip, int line) {
+ TMS event = binopr2TM(opr);
+ int v2 = e2->u.info; /* K index */
+ OpCode op = binopr2op(opr, OPR_ADD, OP_ADDK);
+ finishbinexpval(fs, e1, e2, op, v2, flip, line, OP_MMBINK, event);
+}
+
+
+/* Try to code a binary operator negating its second operand.
+** For the metamethod, 2nd operand must keep its original value.
+*/
+static int finishbinexpneg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2,
+ OpCode op, int line, TMS event) {
+ if (!luaK_isKint(e2))
+ return 0; /* not an integer constant */
+ else {
+ lua_Integer i2 = e2->u.ival;
+ if (!(fitsC(i2) && fitsC(-i2)))
+ return 0; /* not in the proper range */
+ else { /* operating a small integer constant */
+ int v2 = cast_int(i2);
+ finishbinexpval(fs, e1, e2, op, int2sC(-v2), 0, line, OP_MMBINI, event);
+ /* correct metamethod argument */
+ SETARG_B(fs->f->code[fs->pc - 1], int2sC(v2));
+ return 1; /* successfully coded */
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void swapexps (expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) {
+ expdesc temp = *e1; *e1 = *e2; *e2 = temp; /* swap 'e1' and 'e2' */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Code binary operators with no constant operand.
+*/
+static void codebinNoK (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr,
+ expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int flip, int line) {
+ if (flip)
+ swapexps(e1, e2); /* back to original order */
+ codebinexpval(fs, opr, e1, e2, line); /* use standard operators */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Code arithmetic operators ('+', '-', ...). If second operand is a
+** constant in the proper range, use variant opcodes with K operands.
+*/
+static void codearith (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr,
+ expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int flip, int line) {
+ if (tonumeral(e2, NULL) && luaK_exp2K(fs, e2)) /* K operand? */
+ codebinK(fs, opr, e1, e2, flip, line);
+ else /* 'e2' is neither an immediate nor a K operand */
+ codebinNoK(fs, opr, e1, e2, flip, line);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Code commutative operators ('+', '*'). If first operand is a
+** numeric constant, change order of operands to try to use an
+** immediate or K operator.
+*/
+static void codecommutative (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op,
+ expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int line) {
+ int flip = 0;
+ if (tonumeral(e1, NULL)) { /* is first operand a numeric constant? */
+ swapexps(e1, e2); /* change order */
+ flip = 1;
+ }
+ if (op == OPR_ADD && isSCint(e2)) /* immediate operand? */
+ codebini(fs, OP_ADDI, e1, e2, flip, line, TM_ADD);
+ else
+ codearith(fs, op, e1, e2, flip, line);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Code bitwise operations; they are all commutative, so the function
+** tries to put an integer constant as the 2nd operand (a K operand).
+*/
+static void codebitwise (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr,
+ expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int line) {
+ int flip = 0;
+ if (e1->k == VKINT) {
+ swapexps(e1, e2); /* 'e2' will be the constant operand */
+ flip = 1;
+ }
+ if (e2->k == VKINT && luaK_exp2K(fs, e2)) /* K operand? */
+ codebinK(fs, opr, e1, e2, flip, line);
+ else /* no constants */
+ codebinNoK(fs, opr, e1, e2, flip, line);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Emit code for order comparisons. When using an immediate operand,
+** 'isfloat' tells whether the original value was a float.
+*/
+static void codeorder (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) {
+ int r1, r2;
+ int im;
+ int isfloat = 0;
+ OpCode op;
+ if (isSCnumber(e2, &im, &isfloat)) {
+ /* use immediate operand */
+ r1 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e1);
+ r2 = im;
+ op = binopr2op(opr, OPR_LT, OP_LTI);
+ }
+ else if (isSCnumber(e1, &im, &isfloat)) {
+ /* transform (A < B) to (B > A) and (A <= B) to (B >= A) */
+ r1 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e2);
+ r2 = im;
+ op = binopr2op(opr, OPR_LT, OP_GTI);
+ }
+ else { /* regular case, compare two registers */
+ r1 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e1);
+ r2 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e2);
+ op = binopr2op(opr, OPR_LT, OP_LT);
+ }
+ freeexps(fs, e1, e2);
+ e1->u.info = condjump(fs, op, r1, r2, isfloat, 1);
+ e1->k = VJMP;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Emit code for equality comparisons ('==', '~=').
+** 'e1' was already put as RK by 'luaK_infix'.
+*/
+static void codeeq (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2) {
+ int r1, r2;
+ int im;
+ int isfloat = 0; /* not needed here, but kept for symmetry */
+ OpCode op;
+ if (e1->k != VNONRELOC) {
+ lua_assert(e1->k == VK || e1->k == VKINT || e1->k == VKFLT);
+ swapexps(e1, e2);
+ }
+ r1 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e1); /* 1st expression must be in register */
+ if (isSCnumber(e2, &im, &isfloat)) {
+ op = OP_EQI;
+ r2 = im; /* immediate operand */
+ }
+ else if (luaK_exp2RK(fs, e2)) { /* 2nd expression is constant? */
+ op = OP_EQK;
+ r2 = e2->u.info; /* constant index */
+ }
+ else {
+ op = OP_EQ; /* will compare two registers */
+ r2 = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, e2);
+ }
+ freeexps(fs, e1, e2);
+ e1->u.info = condjump(fs, op, r1, r2, isfloat, (opr == OPR_EQ));
+ e1->k = VJMP;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Apply prefix operation 'op' to expression 'e'.
+*/
+void luaK_prefix (FuncState *fs, UnOpr opr, expdesc *e, int line) {
+ static const expdesc ef = {VKINT, {0}, NO_JUMP, NO_JUMP};
+ luaK_dischargevars(fs, e);
+ switch (opr) {
+ case OPR_MINUS: case OPR_BNOT: /* use 'ef' as fake 2nd operand */
+ if (constfolding(fs, opr + LUA_OPUNM, e, &ef))
+ break;
+ /* else */ /* FALLTHROUGH */
+ case OPR_LEN:
+ codeunexpval(fs, unopr2op(opr), e, line);
+ break;
+ case OPR_NOT: codenot(fs, e); break;
+ default: lua_assert(0);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Process 1st operand 'v' of binary operation 'op' before reading
+** 2nd operand.
+*/
+void luaK_infix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *v) {
+ luaK_dischargevars(fs, v);
+ switch (op) {
+ case OPR_AND: {
+ luaK_goiftrue(fs, v); /* go ahead only if 'v' is true */
+ break;
+ }
+ case OPR_OR: {
+ luaK_goiffalse(fs, v); /* go ahead only if 'v' is false */
+ break;
+ }
+ case OPR_CONCAT: {
+ luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, v); /* operand must be on the stack */
+ break;
+ }
+ case OPR_ADD: case OPR_SUB:
+ case OPR_MUL: case OPR_DIV: case OPR_IDIV:
+ case OPR_MOD: case OPR_POW:
+ case OPR_BAND: case OPR_BOR: case OPR_BXOR:
+ case OPR_SHL: case OPR_SHR: {
+ if (!tonumeral(v, NULL))
+ luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, v);
+ /* else keep numeral, which may be folded or used as an immediate
+ operand */
+ break;
+ }
+ case OPR_EQ: case OPR_NE: {
+ if (!tonumeral(v, NULL))
+ luaK_exp2RK(fs, v);
+ /* else keep numeral, which may be an immediate operand */
+ break;
+ }
+ case OPR_LT: case OPR_LE:
+ case OPR_GT: case OPR_GE: {
+ int dummy, dummy2;
+ if (!isSCnumber(v, &dummy, &dummy2))
+ luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, v);
+ /* else keep numeral, which may be an immediate operand */
+ break;
+ }
+ default: lua_assert(0);
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+** Create code for '(e1 .. e2)'.
+** For '(e1 .. e2.1 .. e2.2)' (which is '(e1 .. (e2.1 .. e2.2))',
+** because concatenation is right associative), merge both CONCATs.
+*/
+static void codeconcat (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int line) {
+ Instruction *ie2 = previousinstruction(fs);
+ if (GET_OPCODE(*ie2) == OP_CONCAT) { /* is 'e2' a concatenation? */
+ int n = GETARG_B(*ie2); /* # of elements concatenated in 'e2' */
+ lua_assert(e1->u.info + 1 == GETARG_A(*ie2));
+ freeexp(fs, e2);
+ SETARG_A(*ie2, e1->u.info); /* correct first element ('e1') */
+ SETARG_B(*ie2, n + 1); /* will concatenate one more element */
+ }
+ else { /* 'e2' is not a concatenation */
+ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_CONCAT, e1->u.info, 2, 0); /* new concat opcode */
+ freeexp(fs, e2);
+ luaK_fixline(fs, line);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Finalize code for binary operation, after reading 2nd operand.
+*/
+void luaK_posfix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr opr,
+ expdesc *e1, expdesc *e2, int line) {
+ luaK_dischargevars(fs, e2);
+ if (foldbinop(opr) && constfolding(fs, opr + LUA_OPADD, e1, e2))
+ return; /* done by folding */
+ switch (opr) {
+ case OPR_AND: {
+ lua_assert(e1->t == NO_JUMP); /* list closed by 'luaK_infix' */
+ luaK_concat(fs, &e2->f, e1->f);
+ *e1 = *e2;
+ break;
+ }
+ case OPR_OR: {
+ lua_assert(e1->f == NO_JUMP); /* list closed by 'luaK_infix' */
+ luaK_concat(fs, &e2->t, e1->t);
+ *e1 = *e2;
+ break;
+ }
+ case OPR_CONCAT: { /* e1 .. e2 */
+ luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, e2);
+ codeconcat(fs, e1, e2, line);
+ break;
+ }
+ case OPR_ADD: case OPR_MUL: {
+ codecommutative(fs, opr, e1, e2, line);
+ break;
+ }
+ case OPR_SUB: {
+ if (finishbinexpneg(fs, e1, e2, OP_ADDI, line, TM_SUB))
+ break; /* coded as (r1 + -I) */
+ /* ELSE */
+ } /* FALLTHROUGH */
+ case OPR_DIV: case OPR_IDIV: case OPR_MOD: case OPR_POW: {
+ codearith(fs, opr, e1, e2, 0, line);
+ break;
+ }
+ case OPR_BAND: case OPR_BOR: case OPR_BXOR: {
+ codebitwise(fs, opr, e1, e2, line);
+ break;
+ }
+ case OPR_SHL: {
+ if (isSCint(e1)) {
+ swapexps(e1, e2);
+ codebini(fs, OP_SHLI, e1, e2, 1, line, TM_SHL); /* I << r2 */
+ }
+ else if (finishbinexpneg(fs, e1, e2, OP_SHRI, line, TM_SHL)) {
+ /* coded as (r1 >> -I) */;
+ }
+ else /* regular case (two registers) */
+ codebinexpval(fs, opr, e1, e2, line);
+ break;
+ }
+ case OPR_SHR: {
+ if (isSCint(e2))
+ codebini(fs, OP_SHRI, e1, e2, 0, line, TM_SHR); /* r1 >> I */
+ else /* regular case (two registers) */
+ codebinexpval(fs, opr, e1, e2, line);
+ break;
+ }
+ case OPR_EQ: case OPR_NE: {
+ codeeq(fs, opr, e1, e2);
+ break;
+ }
+ case OPR_GT: case OPR_GE: {
+ /* '(a > b)' <=> '(b < a)'; '(a >= b)' <=> '(b <= a)' */
+ swapexps(e1, e2);
+ opr = cast(BinOpr, (opr - OPR_GT) + OPR_LT);
+ } /* FALLTHROUGH */
+ case OPR_LT: case OPR_LE: {
+ codeorder(fs, opr, e1, e2);
+ break;
+ }
+ default: lua_assert(0);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Change line information associated with current position, by removing
+** previous info and adding it again with new line.
+*/
+void luaK_fixline (FuncState *fs, int line) {
+ removelastlineinfo(fs);
+ savelineinfo(fs, fs->f, line);
+}
+
+
+void luaK_settablesize (FuncState *fs, int pc, int ra, int asize, int hsize) {
+ Instruction *inst = &fs->f->code[pc];
+ int rb = (hsize != 0) ? luaO_ceillog2(hsize) + 1 : 0; /* hash size */
+ int extra = asize / (MAXARG_C + 1); /* higher bits of array size */
+ int rc = asize % (MAXARG_C + 1); /* lower bits of array size */
+ int k = (extra > 0); /* true iff needs extra argument */
+ *inst = CREATE_ABCk(OP_NEWTABLE, ra, rb, rc, k);
+ *(inst + 1) = CREATE_Ax(OP_EXTRAARG, extra);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Emit a SETLIST instruction.
+** 'base' is register that keeps table;
+** 'nelems' is #table plus those to be stored now;
+** 'tostore' is number of values (in registers 'base + 1',...) to add to
+** table (or LUA_MULTRET to add up to stack top).
+*/
+void luaK_setlist (FuncState *fs, int base, int nelems, int tostore) {
+ lua_assert(tostore != 0 && tostore <= LFIELDS_PER_FLUSH);
+ if (tostore == LUA_MULTRET)
+ tostore = 0;
+ if (nelems <= MAXARG_C)
+ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_SETLIST, base, tostore, nelems);
+ else {
+ int extra = nelems / (MAXARG_C + 1);
+ nelems %= (MAXARG_C + 1);
+ luaK_codeABCk(fs, OP_SETLIST, base, tostore, nelems, 1);
+ codeextraarg(fs, extra);
+ }
+ fs->freereg = base + 1; /* free registers with list values */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** return the final target of a jump (skipping jumps to jumps)
+*/
+static int finaltarget (Instruction *code, int i) {
+ int count;
+ for (count = 0; count < 100; count++) { /* avoid infinite loops */
+ Instruction pc = code[i];
+ if (GET_OPCODE(pc) != OP_JMP)
+ break;
+ else
+ i += GETARG_sJ(pc) + 1;
+ }
+ return i;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Do a final pass over the code of a function, doing small peephole
+** optimizations and adjustments.
+*/
+void luaK_finish (FuncState *fs) {
+ int i;
+ Proto *p = fs->f;
+ for (i = 0; i < fs->pc; i++) {
+ Instruction *pc = &p->code[i];
+ lua_assert(i == 0 || isOT(*(pc - 1)) == isIT(*pc));
+ switch (GET_OPCODE(*pc)) {
+ case OP_RETURN0: case OP_RETURN1: {
+ if (!(fs->needclose || p->is_vararg))
+ break; /* no extra work */
+ /* else use OP_RETURN to do the extra work */
+ SET_OPCODE(*pc, OP_RETURN);
+ } /* FALLTHROUGH */
+ case OP_RETURN: case OP_TAILCALL: {
+ if (fs->needclose)
+ SETARG_k(*pc, 1); /* signal that it needs to close */
+ if (p->is_vararg)
+ SETARG_C(*pc, p->numparams + 1); /* signal that it is vararg */
+ break;
+ }
+ case OP_JMP: {
+ int target = finaltarget(p->code, i);
+ fixjump(fs, i, target);
+ break;
+ }
+ default: break;
+ }
+ }
+}
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lcode.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lcode.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3265824
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lcode.h
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lcode.h $
+** Code generator for Lua
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef lcode_h
+#define lcode_h
+
+#include "llex.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lopcodes.h"
+#include "lparser.h"
+
+
+/*
+** Marks the end of a patch list. It is an invalid value both as an absolute
+** address, and as a list link (would link an element to itself).
+*/
+#define NO_JUMP (-1)
+
+
+/*
+** grep "ORDER OPR" if you change these enums (ORDER OP)
+*/
+typedef enum BinOpr {
+ /* arithmetic operators */
+ OPR_ADD, OPR_SUB, OPR_MUL, OPR_MOD, OPR_POW,
+ OPR_DIV, OPR_IDIV,
+ /* bitwise operators */
+ OPR_BAND, OPR_BOR, OPR_BXOR,
+ OPR_SHL, OPR_SHR,
+ /* string operator */
+ OPR_CONCAT,
+ /* comparison operators */
+ OPR_EQ, OPR_LT, OPR_LE,
+ OPR_NE, OPR_GT, OPR_GE,
+ /* logical operators */
+ OPR_AND, OPR_OR,
+ OPR_NOBINOPR
+} BinOpr;
+
+
+/* true if operation is foldable (that is, it is arithmetic or bitwise) */
+#define foldbinop(op) ((op) <= OPR_SHR)
+
+
+#define luaK_codeABC(fs,o,a,b,c) luaK_codeABCk(fs,o,a,b,c,0)
+
+
+typedef enum UnOpr { OPR_MINUS, OPR_BNOT, OPR_NOT, OPR_LEN, OPR_NOUNOPR } UnOpr;
+
+
+/* get (pointer to) instruction of given 'expdesc' */
+#define getinstruction(fs,e) ((fs)->f->code[(e)->u.info])
+
+
+#define luaK_setmultret(fs,e) luaK_setreturns(fs, e, LUA_MULTRET)
+
+#define luaK_jumpto(fs,t) luaK_patchlist(fs, luaK_jump(fs), t)
+
+LUAI_FUNC int luaK_code (FuncState *fs, Instruction i);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaK_codeABx (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int A, unsigned int Bx);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaK_codeAsBx (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int A, int Bx);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaK_codeABCk (FuncState *fs, OpCode o, int A,
+ int B, int C, int k);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaK_isKint (expdesc *e);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaK_exp2const (FuncState *fs, const expdesc *e, TValue *v);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_fixline (FuncState *fs, int line);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_nil (FuncState *fs, int from, int n);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_reserveregs (FuncState *fs, int n);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_checkstack (FuncState *fs, int n);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_int (FuncState *fs, int reg, lua_Integer n);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_dischargevars (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaK_exp2anyreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_exp2anyregup (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_exp2nextreg (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_exp2val (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaK_exp2RK (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_self (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, expdesc *key);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_indexed (FuncState *fs, expdesc *t, expdesc *k);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_goiftrue (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_goiffalse (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_storevar (FuncState *fs, expdesc *var, expdesc *e);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_setreturns (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int nresults);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_setoneret (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaK_jump (FuncState *fs);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_ret (FuncState *fs, int first, int nret);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_patchlist (FuncState *fs, int list, int target);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_patchtohere (FuncState *fs, int list);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_concat (FuncState *fs, int *l1, int l2);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaK_getlabel (FuncState *fs);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_prefix (FuncState *fs, UnOpr op, expdesc *v, int line);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_infix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *v);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_posfix (FuncState *fs, BinOpr op, expdesc *v1,
+ expdesc *v2, int line);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_settablesize (FuncState *fs, int pc,
+ int ra, int asize, int hsize);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_setlist (FuncState *fs, int base, int nelems, int tostore);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaK_finish (FuncState *fs);
+LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaK_semerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg);
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lcorolib.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lcorolib.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..40b880b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lcorolib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lcorolib.c $
+** Coroutine Library
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lcorolib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lauxlib.h"
+#include "lualib.h"
+
+
+static lua_State *getco (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_State *co = lua_tothread(L, 1);
+ luaL_argexpected(L, co, 1, "thread");
+ return co;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Resumes a coroutine. Returns the number of results for non-error
+** cases or -1 for errors.
+*/
+static int auxresume (lua_State *L, lua_State *co, int narg) {
+ int status, nres;
+ if (l_unlikely(!lua_checkstack(co, narg))) {
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "too many arguments to resume");
+ return -1; /* error flag */
+ }
+ lua_xmove(L, co, narg);
+ status = lua_resume(co, L, narg, &nres);
+ if (l_likely(status == LUA_OK || status == LUA_YIELD)) {
+ if (l_unlikely(!lua_checkstack(L, nres + 1))) {
+ lua_pop(co, nres); /* remove results anyway */
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "too many results to resume");
+ return -1; /* error flag */
+ }
+ lua_xmove(co, L, nres); /* move yielded values */
+ return nres;
+ }
+ else {
+ lua_xmove(co, L, 1); /* move error message */
+ return -1; /* error flag */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_coresume (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_State *co = getco(L);
+ int r;
+ r = auxresume(L, co, lua_gettop(L) - 1);
+ if (l_unlikely(r < 0)) {
+ lua_pushboolean(L, 0);
+ lua_insert(L, -2);
+ return 2; /* return false + error message */
+ }
+ else {
+ lua_pushboolean(L, 1);
+ lua_insert(L, -(r + 1));
+ return r + 1; /* return true + 'resume' returns */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_auxwrap (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_State *co = lua_tothread(L, lua_upvalueindex(1));
+ int r = auxresume(L, co, lua_gettop(L));
+ if (l_unlikely(r < 0)) { /* error? */
+ int stat = lua_status(co);
+ if (stat != LUA_OK && stat != LUA_YIELD) { /* error in the coroutine? */
+ stat = lua_resetthread(co, L); /* close its tbc variables */
+ lua_assert(stat != LUA_OK);
+ lua_xmove(co, L, 1); /* move error message to the caller */
+ }
+ if (stat != LUA_ERRMEM && /* not a memory error and ... */
+ lua_type(L, -1) == LUA_TSTRING) { /* ... error object is a string? */
+ luaL_where(L, 1); /* add extra info, if available */
+ lua_insert(L, -2);
+ lua_concat(L, 2);
+ }
+ return lua_error(L); /* propagate error */
+ }
+ return r;
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_cocreate (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_State *NL;
+ luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TFUNCTION);
+ NL = lua_newthread(L);
+ lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* move function to top */
+ lua_xmove(L, NL, 1); /* move function from L to NL */
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_cowrap (lua_State *L) {
+ luaB_cocreate(L);
+ lua_pushcclosure(L, luaB_auxwrap, 1);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_yield (lua_State *L) {
+ return lua_yield(L, lua_gettop(L));
+}
+
+
+#define COS_RUN 0
+#define COS_DEAD 1
+#define COS_YIELD 2
+#define COS_NORM 3
+
+
+static const char *const statname[] =
+ {"running", "dead", "suspended", "normal"};
+
+
+static int auxstatus (lua_State *L, lua_State *co) {
+ if (L == co) return COS_RUN;
+ else {
+ switch (lua_status(co)) {
+ case LUA_YIELD:
+ return COS_YIELD;
+ case LUA_OK: {
+ lua_Debug ar;
+ if (lua_getstack(co, 0, &ar)) /* does it have frames? */
+ return COS_NORM; /* it is running */
+ else if (lua_gettop(co) == 0)
+ return COS_DEAD;
+ else
+ return COS_YIELD; /* initial state */
+ }
+ default: /* some error occurred */
+ return COS_DEAD;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_costatus (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_State *co = getco(L);
+ lua_pushstring(L, statname[auxstatus(L, co)]);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_yieldable (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_State *co = lua_isnone(L, 1) ? L : getco(L);
+ lua_pushboolean(L, lua_isyieldable(co));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_corunning (lua_State *L) {
+ int ismain = lua_pushthread(L);
+ lua_pushboolean(L, ismain);
+ return 2;
+}
+
+
+static int luaB_close (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_State *co = getco(L);
+ int status = auxstatus(L, co);
+ switch (status) {
+ case COS_DEAD: case COS_YIELD: {
+ status = lua_resetthread(co, L);
+ if (status == LUA_OK) {
+ lua_pushboolean(L, 1);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else {
+ lua_pushboolean(L, 0);
+ lua_xmove(co, L, 1); /* move error message */
+ return 2;
+ }
+ }
+ default: /* normal or running coroutine */
+ return luaL_error(L, "cannot close a %s coroutine", statname[status]);
+ }
+}
+
+
+static const luaL_Reg co_funcs[] = {
+ {"create", luaB_cocreate},
+ {"resume", luaB_coresume},
+ {"running", luaB_corunning},
+ {"status", luaB_costatus},
+ {"wrap", luaB_cowrap},
+ {"yield", luaB_yield},
+ {"isyieldable", luaB_yieldable},
+ {"close", luaB_close},
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+
+
+LUAMOD_API int luaopen_coroutine (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_newlib(L, co_funcs);
+ return 1;
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lctype.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lctype.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9542280
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lctype.c
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lctype.c $
+** 'ctype' functions for Lua
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lctype_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include "lctype.h"
+
+#if !LUA_USE_CTYPE /* { */
+
+#include
+
+
+#if defined (LUA_UCID) /* accept UniCode IDentifiers? */
+/* consider all non-ascii codepoints to be alphabetic */
+#define NONA 0x01
+#else
+#define NONA 0x00 /* default */
+#endif
+
+
+LUAI_DDEF const lu_byte luai_ctype_[UCHAR_MAX + 2] = {
+ 0x00, /* EOZ */
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 0. */
+ 0x00, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* 1. */
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00,
+ 0x0c, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, /* 2. */
+ 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04,
+ 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, 0x16, /* 3. */
+ 0x16, 0x16, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04,
+ 0x04, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x05, /* 4. */
+ 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05,
+ 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, /* 5. */
+ 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x05,
+ 0x04, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x15, 0x05, /* 6. */
+ 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05,
+ 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, /* 7. */
+ 0x05, 0x05, 0x05, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x04, 0x00,
+ NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, /* 8. */
+ NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA,
+ NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, /* 9. */
+ NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA,
+ NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, /* a. */
+ NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA,
+ NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, /* b. */
+ NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA,
+ 0x00, 0x00, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, /* c. */
+ NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA,
+ NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, /* d. */
+ NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA,
+ NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, /* e. */
+ NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA,
+ NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, NONA, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, /* f. */
+ 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00
+};
+
+#endif /* } */
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lctype.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lctype.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..864e190
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lctype.h
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lctype.h $
+** 'ctype' functions for Lua
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef lctype_h
+#define lctype_h
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+
+/*
+** WARNING: the functions defined here do not necessarily correspond
+** to the similar functions in the standard C ctype.h. They are
+** optimized for the specific needs of Lua.
+*/
+
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_CTYPE)
+
+#if 'A' == 65 && '0' == 48
+/* ASCII case: can use its own tables; faster and fixed */
+#define LUA_USE_CTYPE 0
+#else
+/* must use standard C ctype */
+#define LUA_USE_CTYPE 1
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+
+#if !LUA_USE_CTYPE /* { */
+
+#include
+
+#include "llimits.h"
+
+
+#define ALPHABIT 0
+#define DIGITBIT 1
+#define PRINTBIT 2
+#define SPACEBIT 3
+#define XDIGITBIT 4
+
+
+#define MASK(B) (1 << (B))
+
+
+/*
+** add 1 to char to allow index -1 (EOZ)
+*/
+#define testprop(c,p) (luai_ctype_[(c)+1] & (p))
+
+/*
+** 'lalpha' (Lua alphabetic) and 'lalnum' (Lua alphanumeric) both include '_'
+*/
+#define lislalpha(c) testprop(c, MASK(ALPHABIT))
+#define lislalnum(c) testprop(c, (MASK(ALPHABIT) | MASK(DIGITBIT)))
+#define lisdigit(c) testprop(c, MASK(DIGITBIT))
+#define lisspace(c) testprop(c, MASK(SPACEBIT))
+#define lisprint(c) testprop(c, MASK(PRINTBIT))
+#define lisxdigit(c) testprop(c, MASK(XDIGITBIT))
+
+
+/*
+** In ASCII, this 'ltolower' is correct for alphabetic characters and
+** for '.'. That is enough for Lua needs. ('check_exp' ensures that
+** the character either is an upper-case letter or is unchanged by
+** the transformation, which holds for lower-case letters and '.'.)
+*/
+#define ltolower(c) \
+ check_exp(('A' <= (c) && (c) <= 'Z') || (c) == ((c) | ('A' ^ 'a')), \
+ (c) | ('A' ^ 'a'))
+
+
+/* one entry for each character and for -1 (EOZ) */
+LUAI_DDEC(const lu_byte luai_ctype_[UCHAR_MAX + 2];)
+
+
+#else /* }{ */
+
+/*
+** use standard C ctypes
+*/
+
+#include
+
+
+#define lislalpha(c) (isalpha(c) || (c) == '_')
+#define lislalnum(c) (isalnum(c) || (c) == '_')
+#define lisdigit(c) (isdigit(c))
+#define lisspace(c) (isspace(c))
+#define lisprint(c) (isprint(c))
+#define lisxdigit(c) (isxdigit(c))
+
+#define ltolower(c) (tolower(c))
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/ldblib.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/ldblib.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6dcbaa9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/ldblib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,483 @@
+/*
+** $Id: ldblib.c $
+** Interface from Lua to its debug API
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define ldblib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lauxlib.h"
+#include "lualib.h"
+
+
+/*
+** The hook table at registry[HOOKKEY] maps threads to their current
+** hook function.
+*/
+static const char *const HOOKKEY = "_HOOKKEY";
+
+
+/*
+** If L1 != L, L1 can be in any state, and therefore there are no
+** guarantees about its stack space; any push in L1 must be
+** checked.
+*/
+static void checkstack (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1, int n) {
+ if (l_unlikely(L != L1 && !lua_checkstack(L1, n)))
+ luaL_error(L, "stack overflow");
+}
+
+
+static int db_getregistry (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_pushvalue(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int db_getmetatable (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_checkany(L, 1);
+ if (!lua_getmetatable(L, 1)) {
+ lua_pushnil(L); /* no metatable */
+ }
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int db_setmetatable (lua_State *L) {
+ int t = lua_type(L, 2);
+ luaL_argexpected(L, t == LUA_TNIL || t == LUA_TTABLE, 2, "nil or table");
+ lua_settop(L, 2);
+ lua_setmetatable(L, 1);
+ return 1; /* return 1st argument */
+}
+
+
+static int db_getuservalue (lua_State *L) {
+ int n = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1);
+ if (lua_type(L, 1) != LUA_TUSERDATA)
+ luaL_pushfail(L);
+ else if (lua_getiuservalue(L, 1, n) != LUA_TNONE) {
+ lua_pushboolean(L, 1);
+ return 2;
+ }
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int db_setuservalue (lua_State *L) {
+ int n = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 1);
+ luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TUSERDATA);
+ luaL_checkany(L, 2);
+ lua_settop(L, 2);
+ if (!lua_setiuservalue(L, 1, n))
+ luaL_pushfail(L);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Auxiliary function used by several library functions: check for
+** an optional thread as function's first argument and set 'arg' with
+** 1 if this argument is present (so that functions can skip it to
+** access their other arguments)
+*/
+static lua_State *getthread (lua_State *L, int *arg) {
+ if (lua_isthread(L, 1)) {
+ *arg = 1;
+ return lua_tothread(L, 1);
+ }
+ else {
+ *arg = 0;
+ return L; /* function will operate over current thread */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Variations of 'lua_settable', used by 'db_getinfo' to put results
+** from 'lua_getinfo' into result table. Key is always a string;
+** value can be a string, an int, or a boolean.
+*/
+static void settabss (lua_State *L, const char *k, const char *v) {
+ lua_pushstring(L, v);
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, k);
+}
+
+static void settabsi (lua_State *L, const char *k, int v) {
+ lua_pushinteger(L, v);
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, k);
+}
+
+static void settabsb (lua_State *L, const char *k, int v) {
+ lua_pushboolean(L, v);
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, k);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** In function 'db_getinfo', the call to 'lua_getinfo' may push
+** results on the stack; later it creates the result table to put
+** these objects. Function 'treatstackoption' puts the result from
+** 'lua_getinfo' on top of the result table so that it can call
+** 'lua_setfield'.
+*/
+static void treatstackoption (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1, const char *fname) {
+ if (L == L1)
+ lua_rotate(L, -2, 1); /* exchange object and table */
+ else
+ lua_xmove(L1, L, 1); /* move object to the "main" stack */
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, fname); /* put object into table */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Calls 'lua_getinfo' and collects all results in a new table.
+** L1 needs stack space for an optional input (function) plus
+** two optional outputs (function and line table) from function
+** 'lua_getinfo'.
+*/
+static int db_getinfo (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_Debug ar;
+ int arg;
+ lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg);
+ const char *options = luaL_optstring(L, arg+2, "flnSrtu");
+ checkstack(L, L1, 3);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, options[0] != '>', arg + 2, "invalid option '>'");
+ if (lua_isfunction(L, arg + 1)) { /* info about a function? */
+ options = lua_pushfstring(L, ">%s", options); /* add '>' to 'options' */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, arg + 1); /* move function to 'L1' stack */
+ lua_xmove(L, L1, 1);
+ }
+ else { /* stack level */
+ if (!lua_getstack(L1, (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 1), &ar)) {
+ luaL_pushfail(L); /* level out of range */
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ if (!lua_getinfo(L1, options, &ar))
+ return luaL_argerror(L, arg+2, "invalid option");
+ lua_newtable(L); /* table to collect results */
+ if (strchr(options, 'S')) {
+ lua_pushlstring(L, ar.source, ar.srclen);
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, "source");
+ settabss(L, "short_src", ar.short_src);
+ settabsi(L, "linedefined", ar.linedefined);
+ settabsi(L, "lastlinedefined", ar.lastlinedefined);
+ settabss(L, "what", ar.what);
+ }
+ if (strchr(options, 'l'))
+ settabsi(L, "currentline", ar.currentline);
+ if (strchr(options, 'u')) {
+ settabsi(L, "nups", ar.nups);
+ settabsi(L, "nparams", ar.nparams);
+ settabsb(L, "isvararg", ar.isvararg);
+ }
+ if (strchr(options, 'n')) {
+ settabss(L, "name", ar.name);
+ settabss(L, "namewhat", ar.namewhat);
+ }
+ if (strchr(options, 'r')) {
+ settabsi(L, "ftransfer", ar.ftransfer);
+ settabsi(L, "ntransfer", ar.ntransfer);
+ }
+ if (strchr(options, 't'))
+ settabsb(L, "istailcall", ar.istailcall);
+ if (strchr(options, 'L'))
+ treatstackoption(L, L1, "activelines");
+ if (strchr(options, 'f'))
+ treatstackoption(L, L1, "func");
+ return 1; /* return table */
+}
+
+
+static int db_getlocal (lua_State *L) {
+ int arg;
+ lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg);
+ int nvar = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 2); /* local-variable index */
+ if (lua_isfunction(L, arg + 1)) { /* function argument? */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, arg + 1); /* push function */
+ lua_pushstring(L, lua_getlocal(L, NULL, nvar)); /* push local name */
+ return 1; /* return only name (there is no value) */
+ }
+ else { /* stack-level argument */
+ lua_Debug ar;
+ const char *name;
+ int level = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 1);
+ if (l_unlikely(!lua_getstack(L1, level, &ar))) /* out of range? */
+ return luaL_argerror(L, arg+1, "level out of range");
+ checkstack(L, L1, 1);
+ name = lua_getlocal(L1, &ar, nvar);
+ if (name) {
+ lua_xmove(L1, L, 1); /* move local value */
+ lua_pushstring(L, name); /* push name */
+ lua_rotate(L, -2, 1); /* re-order */
+ return 2;
+ }
+ else {
+ luaL_pushfail(L); /* no name (nor value) */
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int db_setlocal (lua_State *L) {
+ int arg;
+ const char *name;
+ lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg);
+ lua_Debug ar;
+ int level = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 1);
+ int nvar = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg + 2);
+ if (l_unlikely(!lua_getstack(L1, level, &ar))) /* out of range? */
+ return luaL_argerror(L, arg+1, "level out of range");
+ luaL_checkany(L, arg+3);
+ lua_settop(L, arg+3);
+ checkstack(L, L1, 1);
+ lua_xmove(L, L1, 1);
+ name = lua_setlocal(L1, &ar, nvar);
+ if (name == NULL)
+ lua_pop(L1, 1); /* pop value (if not popped by 'lua_setlocal') */
+ lua_pushstring(L, name);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** get (if 'get' is true) or set an upvalue from a closure
+*/
+static int auxupvalue (lua_State *L, int get) {
+ const char *name;
+ int n = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, 2); /* upvalue index */
+ luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TFUNCTION); /* closure */
+ name = get ? lua_getupvalue(L, 1, n) : lua_setupvalue(L, 1, n);
+ if (name == NULL) return 0;
+ lua_pushstring(L, name);
+ lua_insert(L, -(get+1)); /* no-op if get is false */
+ return get + 1;
+}
+
+
+static int db_getupvalue (lua_State *L) {
+ return auxupvalue(L, 1);
+}
+
+
+static int db_setupvalue (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_checkany(L, 3);
+ return auxupvalue(L, 0);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether a given upvalue from a given closure exists and
+** returns its index
+*/
+static void *checkupval (lua_State *L, int argf, int argnup, int *pnup) {
+ void *id;
+ int nup = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, argnup); /* upvalue index */
+ luaL_checktype(L, argf, LUA_TFUNCTION); /* closure */
+ id = lua_upvalueid(L, argf, nup);
+ if (pnup) {
+ luaL_argcheck(L, id != NULL, argnup, "invalid upvalue index");
+ *pnup = nup;
+ }
+ return id;
+}
+
+
+static int db_upvalueid (lua_State *L) {
+ void *id = checkupval(L, 1, 2, NULL);
+ if (id != NULL)
+ lua_pushlightuserdata(L, id);
+ else
+ luaL_pushfail(L);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int db_upvaluejoin (lua_State *L) {
+ int n1, n2;
+ checkupval(L, 1, 2, &n1);
+ checkupval(L, 3, 4, &n2);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, !lua_iscfunction(L, 1), 1, "Lua function expected");
+ luaL_argcheck(L, !lua_iscfunction(L, 3), 3, "Lua function expected");
+ lua_upvaluejoin(L, 1, n1, 3, n2);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Call hook function registered at hook table for the current
+** thread (if there is one)
+*/
+static void hookf (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) {
+ static const char *const hooknames[] =
+ {"call", "return", "line", "count", "tail call"};
+ lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, HOOKKEY);
+ lua_pushthread(L);
+ if (lua_rawget(L, -2) == LUA_TFUNCTION) { /* is there a hook function? */
+ lua_pushstring(L, hooknames[(int)ar->event]); /* push event name */
+ if (ar->currentline >= 0)
+ lua_pushinteger(L, ar->currentline); /* push current line */
+ else lua_pushnil(L);
+ lua_assert(lua_getinfo(L, "lS", ar));
+ lua_call(L, 2, 0); /* call hook function */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Convert a string mask (for 'sethook') into a bit mask
+*/
+static int makemask (const char *smask, int count) {
+ int mask = 0;
+ if (strchr(smask, 'c')) mask |= LUA_MASKCALL;
+ if (strchr(smask, 'r')) mask |= LUA_MASKRET;
+ if (strchr(smask, 'l')) mask |= LUA_MASKLINE;
+ if (count > 0) mask |= LUA_MASKCOUNT;
+ return mask;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Convert a bit mask (for 'gethook') into a string mask
+*/
+static char *unmakemask (int mask, char *smask) {
+ int i = 0;
+ if (mask & LUA_MASKCALL) smask[i++] = 'c';
+ if (mask & LUA_MASKRET) smask[i++] = 'r';
+ if (mask & LUA_MASKLINE) smask[i++] = 'l';
+ smask[i] = '\0';
+ return smask;
+}
+
+
+static int db_sethook (lua_State *L) {
+ int arg, mask, count;
+ lua_Hook func;
+ lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg);
+ if (lua_isnoneornil(L, arg+1)) { /* no hook? */
+ lua_settop(L, arg+1);
+ func = NULL; mask = 0; count = 0; /* turn off hooks */
+ }
+ else {
+ const char *smask = luaL_checkstring(L, arg+2);
+ luaL_checktype(L, arg+1, LUA_TFUNCTION);
+ count = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, arg + 3, 0);
+ func = hookf; mask = makemask(smask, count);
+ }
+ if (!luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, HOOKKEY)) {
+ /* table just created; initialize it */
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "k");
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, "__mode"); /** hooktable.__mode = "k" */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
+ lua_setmetatable(L, -2); /* metatable(hooktable) = hooktable */
+ }
+ checkstack(L, L1, 1);
+ lua_pushthread(L1); lua_xmove(L1, L, 1); /* key (thread) */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, arg + 1); /* value (hook function) */
+ lua_rawset(L, -3); /* hooktable[L1] = new Lua hook */
+ lua_sethook(L1, func, mask, count);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+static int db_gethook (lua_State *L) {
+ int arg;
+ lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg);
+ char buff[5];
+ int mask = lua_gethookmask(L1);
+ lua_Hook hook = lua_gethook(L1);
+ if (hook == NULL) { /* no hook? */
+ luaL_pushfail(L);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else if (hook != hookf) /* external hook? */
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "external hook");
+ else { /* hook table must exist */
+ lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, HOOKKEY);
+ checkstack(L, L1, 1);
+ lua_pushthread(L1); lua_xmove(L1, L, 1);
+ lua_rawget(L, -2); /* 1st result = hooktable[L1] */
+ lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove hook table */
+ }
+ lua_pushstring(L, unmakemask(mask, buff)); /* 2nd result = mask */
+ lua_pushinteger(L, lua_gethookcount(L1)); /* 3rd result = count */
+ return 3;
+}
+
+
+static int db_debug (lua_State *L) {
+ for (;;) {
+ char buffer[250];
+ lua_writestringerror("%s", "lua_debug> ");
+ if (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), stdin) == NULL ||
+ strcmp(buffer, "cont\n") == 0)
+ return 0;
+ if (luaL_loadbuffer(L, buffer, strlen(buffer), "=(debug command)") ||
+ lua_pcall(L, 0, 0, 0))
+ lua_writestringerror("%s\n", luaL_tolstring(L, -1, NULL));
+ lua_settop(L, 0); /* remove eventual returns */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int db_traceback (lua_State *L) {
+ int arg;
+ lua_State *L1 = getthread(L, &arg);
+ const char *msg = lua_tostring(L, arg + 1);
+ if (msg == NULL && !lua_isnoneornil(L, arg + 1)) /* non-string 'msg'? */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, arg + 1); /* return it untouched */
+ else {
+ int level = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, arg + 2, (L == L1) ? 1 : 0);
+ luaL_traceback(L, L1, msg, level);
+ }
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int db_setcstacklimit (lua_State *L) {
+ int limit = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
+ int res = lua_setcstacklimit(L, limit);
+ lua_pushinteger(L, res);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static const luaL_Reg dblib[] = {
+ {"debug", db_debug},
+ {"getuservalue", db_getuservalue},
+ {"gethook", db_gethook},
+ {"getinfo", db_getinfo},
+ {"getlocal", db_getlocal},
+ {"getregistry", db_getregistry},
+ {"getmetatable", db_getmetatable},
+ {"getupvalue", db_getupvalue},
+ {"upvaluejoin", db_upvaluejoin},
+ {"upvalueid", db_upvalueid},
+ {"setuservalue", db_setuservalue},
+ {"sethook", db_sethook},
+ {"setlocal", db_setlocal},
+ {"setmetatable", db_setmetatable},
+ {"setupvalue", db_setupvalue},
+ {"traceback", db_traceback},
+ {"setcstacklimit", db_setcstacklimit},
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+
+LUAMOD_API int luaopen_debug (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_newlib(L, dblib);
+ return 1;
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/ldebug.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/ldebug.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..28b1caa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/ldebug.c
@@ -0,0 +1,924 @@
+/*
+** $Id: ldebug.c $
+** Debug Interface
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define ldebug_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lapi.h"
+#include "lcode.h"
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h"
+#include "lfunc.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lopcodes.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+#include "lstring.h"
+#include "ltable.h"
+#include "ltm.h"
+#include "lvm.h"
+
+
+
+#define noLuaClosure(f) ((f) == NULL || (f)->c.tt == LUA_VCCL)
+
+
+static const char *funcnamefromcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci,
+ const char **name);
+
+
+static int currentpc (CallInfo *ci) {
+ lua_assert(isLua(ci));
+ return pcRel(ci->u.l.savedpc, ci_func(ci)->p);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Get a "base line" to find the line corresponding to an instruction.
+** Base lines are regularly placed at MAXIWTHABS intervals, so usually
+** an integer division gets the right place. When the source file has
+** large sequences of empty/comment lines, it may need extra entries,
+** so the original estimate needs a correction.
+** If the original estimate is -1, the initial 'if' ensures that the
+** 'while' will run at least once.
+** The assertion that the estimate is a lower bound for the correct base
+** is valid as long as the debug info has been generated with the same
+** value for MAXIWTHABS or smaller. (Previous releases use a little
+** smaller value.)
+*/
+static int getbaseline (const Proto *f, int pc, int *basepc) {
+ if (f->sizeabslineinfo == 0 || pc < f->abslineinfo[0].pc) {
+ *basepc = -1; /* start from the beginning */
+ return f->linedefined;
+ }
+ else {
+ int i = cast_uint(pc) / MAXIWTHABS - 1; /* get an estimate */
+ /* estimate must be a lower bound of the correct base */
+ lua_assert(i < 0 ||
+ (i < f->sizeabslineinfo && f->abslineinfo[i].pc <= pc));
+ while (i + 1 < f->sizeabslineinfo && pc >= f->abslineinfo[i + 1].pc)
+ i++; /* low estimate; adjust it */
+ *basepc = f->abslineinfo[i].pc;
+ return f->abslineinfo[i].line;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Get the line corresponding to instruction 'pc' in function 'f';
+** first gets a base line and from there does the increments until
+** the desired instruction.
+*/
+int luaG_getfuncline (const Proto *f, int pc) {
+ if (f->lineinfo == NULL) /* no debug information? */
+ return -1;
+ else {
+ int basepc;
+ int baseline = getbaseline(f, pc, &basepc);
+ while (basepc++ < pc) { /* walk until given instruction */
+ lua_assert(f->lineinfo[basepc] != ABSLINEINFO);
+ baseline += f->lineinfo[basepc]; /* correct line */
+ }
+ return baseline;
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int getcurrentline (CallInfo *ci) {
+ return luaG_getfuncline(ci_func(ci)->p, currentpc(ci));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Set 'trap' for all active Lua frames.
+** This function can be called during a signal, under "reasonable"
+** assumptions. A new 'ci' is completely linked in the list before it
+** becomes part of the "active" list, and we assume that pointers are
+** atomic; see comment in next function.
+** (A compiler doing interprocedural optimizations could, theoretically,
+** reorder memory writes in such a way that the list could be
+** temporarily broken while inserting a new element. We simply assume it
+** has no good reasons to do that.)
+*/
+static void settraps (CallInfo *ci) {
+ for (; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous)
+ if (isLua(ci))
+ ci->u.l.trap = 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** This function can be called during a signal, under "reasonable"
+** assumptions.
+** Fields 'basehookcount' and 'hookcount' (set by 'resethookcount')
+** are for debug only, and it is no problem if they get arbitrary
+** values (causes at most one wrong hook call). 'hookmask' is an atomic
+** value. We assume that pointers are atomic too (e.g., gcc ensures that
+** for all platforms where it runs). Moreover, 'hook' is always checked
+** before being called (see 'luaD_hook').
+*/
+LUA_API void lua_sethook (lua_State *L, lua_Hook func, int mask, int count) {
+ if (func == NULL || mask == 0) { /* turn off hooks? */
+ mask = 0;
+ func = NULL;
+ }
+ L->hook = func;
+ L->basehookcount = count;
+ resethookcount(L);
+ L->hookmask = cast_byte(mask);
+ if (mask)
+ settraps(L->ci); /* to trace inside 'luaV_execute' */
+}
+
+
+LUA_API lua_Hook lua_gethook (lua_State *L) {
+ return L->hook;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_gethookmask (lua_State *L) {
+ return L->hookmask;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_gethookcount (lua_State *L) {
+ return L->basehookcount;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_getstack (lua_State *L, int level, lua_Debug *ar) {
+ int status;
+ CallInfo *ci;
+ if (level < 0) return 0; /* invalid (negative) level */
+ lua_lock(L);
+ for (ci = L->ci; level > 0 && ci != &L->base_ci; ci = ci->previous)
+ level--;
+ if (level == 0 && ci != &L->base_ci) { /* level found? */
+ status = 1;
+ ar->i_ci = ci;
+ }
+ else status = 0; /* no such level */
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return status;
+}
+
+
+static const char *upvalname (const Proto *p, int uv) {
+ TString *s = check_exp(uv < p->sizeupvalues, p->upvalues[uv].name);
+ if (s == NULL) return "?";
+ else return getstr(s);
+}
+
+
+static const char *findvararg (CallInfo *ci, int n, StkId *pos) {
+ if (clLvalue(s2v(ci->func.p))->p->is_vararg) {
+ int nextra = ci->u.l.nextraargs;
+ if (n >= -nextra) { /* 'n' is negative */
+ *pos = ci->func.p - nextra - (n + 1);
+ return "(vararg)"; /* generic name for any vararg */
+ }
+ }
+ return NULL; /* no such vararg */
+}
+
+
+const char *luaG_findlocal (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int n, StkId *pos) {
+ StkId base = ci->func.p + 1;
+ const char *name = NULL;
+ if (isLua(ci)) {
+ if (n < 0) /* access to vararg values? */
+ return findvararg(ci, n, pos);
+ else
+ name = luaF_getlocalname(ci_func(ci)->p, n, currentpc(ci));
+ }
+ if (name == NULL) { /* no 'standard' name? */
+ StkId limit = (ci == L->ci) ? L->top.p : ci->next->func.p;
+ if (limit - base >= n && n > 0) { /* is 'n' inside 'ci' stack? */
+ /* generic name for any valid slot */
+ name = isLua(ci) ? "(temporary)" : "(C temporary)";
+ }
+ else
+ return NULL; /* no name */
+ }
+ if (pos)
+ *pos = base + (n - 1);
+ return name;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API const char *lua_getlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n) {
+ const char *name;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ if (ar == NULL) { /* information about non-active function? */
+ if (!isLfunction(s2v(L->top.p - 1))) /* not a Lua function? */
+ name = NULL;
+ else /* consider live variables at function start (parameters) */
+ name = luaF_getlocalname(clLvalue(s2v(L->top.p - 1))->p, n, 0);
+ }
+ else { /* active function; get information through 'ar' */
+ StkId pos = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */
+ name = luaG_findlocal(L, ar->i_ci, n, &pos);
+ if (name) {
+ setobjs2s(L, L->top.p, pos);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ }
+ }
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return name;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API const char *lua_setlocal (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n) {
+ StkId pos = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */
+ const char *name;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ name = luaG_findlocal(L, ar->i_ci, n, &pos);
+ if (name) {
+ setobjs2s(L, pos, L->top.p - 1);
+ L->top.p--; /* pop value */
+ }
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return name;
+}
+
+
+static void funcinfo (lua_Debug *ar, Closure *cl) {
+ if (noLuaClosure(cl)) {
+ ar->source = "=[C]";
+ ar->srclen = LL("=[C]");
+ ar->linedefined = -1;
+ ar->lastlinedefined = -1;
+ ar->what = "C";
+ }
+ else {
+ const Proto *p = cl->l.p;
+ if (p->source) {
+ ar->source = getstr(p->source);
+ ar->srclen = tsslen(p->source);
+ }
+ else {
+ ar->source = "=?";
+ ar->srclen = LL("=?");
+ }
+ ar->linedefined = p->linedefined;
+ ar->lastlinedefined = p->lastlinedefined;
+ ar->what = (ar->linedefined == 0) ? "main" : "Lua";
+ }
+ luaO_chunkid(ar->short_src, ar->source, ar->srclen);
+}
+
+
+static int nextline (const Proto *p, int currentline, int pc) {
+ if (p->lineinfo[pc] != ABSLINEINFO)
+ return currentline + p->lineinfo[pc];
+ else
+ return luaG_getfuncline(p, pc);
+}
+
+
+static void collectvalidlines (lua_State *L, Closure *f) {
+ if (noLuaClosure(f)) {
+ setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p));
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ }
+ else {
+ int i;
+ TValue v;
+ const Proto *p = f->l.p;
+ int currentline = p->linedefined;
+ Table *t = luaH_new(L); /* new table to store active lines */
+ sethvalue2s(L, L->top.p, t); /* push it on stack */
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ setbtvalue(&v); /* boolean 'true' to be the value of all indices */
+ if (!p->is_vararg) /* regular function? */
+ i = 0; /* consider all instructions */
+ else { /* vararg function */
+ lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(p->code[0]) == OP_VARARGPREP);
+ currentline = nextline(p, currentline, 0);
+ i = 1; /* skip first instruction (OP_VARARGPREP) */
+ }
+ for (; i < p->sizelineinfo; i++) { /* for each instruction */
+ currentline = nextline(p, currentline, i); /* get its line */
+ luaH_setint(L, t, currentline, &v); /* table[line] = true */
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+static const char *getfuncname (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, const char **name) {
+ /* calling function is a known function? */
+ if (ci != NULL && !(ci->callstatus & CIST_TAIL))
+ return funcnamefromcall(L, ci->previous, name);
+ else return NULL; /* no way to find a name */
+}
+
+
+static int auxgetinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar,
+ Closure *f, CallInfo *ci) {
+ int status = 1;
+ for (; *what; what++) {
+ switch (*what) {
+ case 'S': {
+ funcinfo(ar, f);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'l': {
+ ar->currentline = (ci && isLua(ci)) ? getcurrentline(ci) : -1;
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'u': {
+ ar->nups = (f == NULL) ? 0 : f->c.nupvalues;
+ if (noLuaClosure(f)) {
+ ar->isvararg = 1;
+ ar->nparams = 0;
+ }
+ else {
+ ar->isvararg = f->l.p->is_vararg;
+ ar->nparams = f->l.p->numparams;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ case 't': {
+ ar->istailcall = (ci) ? ci->callstatus & CIST_TAIL : 0;
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'n': {
+ ar->namewhat = getfuncname(L, ci, &ar->name);
+ if (ar->namewhat == NULL) {
+ ar->namewhat = ""; /* not found */
+ ar->name = NULL;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'r': {
+ if (ci == NULL || !(ci->callstatus & CIST_TRAN))
+ ar->ftransfer = ar->ntransfer = 0;
+ else {
+ ar->ftransfer = ci->u2.transferinfo.ftransfer;
+ ar->ntransfer = ci->u2.transferinfo.ntransfer;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'L':
+ case 'f': /* handled by lua_getinfo */
+ break;
+ default: status = 0; /* invalid option */
+ }
+ }
+ return status;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_getinfo (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar) {
+ int status;
+ Closure *cl;
+ CallInfo *ci;
+ TValue *func;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ if (*what == '>') {
+ ci = NULL;
+ func = s2v(L->top.p - 1);
+ api_check(L, ttisfunction(func), "function expected");
+ what++; /* skip the '>' */
+ L->top.p--; /* pop function */
+ }
+ else {
+ ci = ar->i_ci;
+ func = s2v(ci->func.p);
+ lua_assert(ttisfunction(func));
+ }
+ cl = ttisclosure(func) ? clvalue(func) : NULL;
+ status = auxgetinfo(L, what, ar, cl, ci);
+ if (strchr(what, 'f')) {
+ setobj2s(L, L->top.p, func);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ }
+ if (strchr(what, 'L'))
+ collectvalidlines(L, cl);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return status;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Symbolic Execution
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+static const char *getobjname (const Proto *p, int lastpc, int reg,
+ const char **name);
+
+
+/*
+** Find a "name" for the constant 'c'.
+*/
+static void kname (const Proto *p, int c, const char **name) {
+ TValue *kvalue = &p->k[c];
+ *name = (ttisstring(kvalue)) ? svalue(kvalue) : "?";
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Find a "name" for the register 'c'.
+*/
+static void rname (const Proto *p, int pc, int c, const char **name) {
+ const char *what = getobjname(p, pc, c, name); /* search for 'c' */
+ if (!(what && *what == 'c')) /* did not find a constant name? */
+ *name = "?";
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Find a "name" for a 'C' value in an RK instruction.
+*/
+static void rkname (const Proto *p, int pc, Instruction i, const char **name) {
+ int c = GETARG_C(i); /* key index */
+ if (GETARG_k(i)) /* is 'c' a constant? */
+ kname(p, c, name);
+ else /* 'c' is a register */
+ rname(p, pc, c, name);
+}
+
+
+static int filterpc (int pc, int jmptarget) {
+ if (pc < jmptarget) /* is code conditional (inside a jump)? */
+ return -1; /* cannot know who sets that register */
+ else return pc; /* current position sets that register */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Try to find last instruction before 'lastpc' that modified register 'reg'.
+*/
+static int findsetreg (const Proto *p, int lastpc, int reg) {
+ int pc;
+ int setreg = -1; /* keep last instruction that changed 'reg' */
+ int jmptarget = 0; /* any code before this address is conditional */
+ if (testMMMode(GET_OPCODE(p->code[lastpc])))
+ lastpc--; /* previous instruction was not actually executed */
+ for (pc = 0; pc < lastpc; pc++) {
+ Instruction i = p->code[pc];
+ OpCode op = GET_OPCODE(i);
+ int a = GETARG_A(i);
+ int change; /* true if current instruction changed 'reg' */
+ switch (op) {
+ case OP_LOADNIL: { /* set registers from 'a' to 'a+b' */
+ int b = GETARG_B(i);
+ change = (a <= reg && reg <= a + b);
+ break;
+ }
+ case OP_TFORCALL: { /* affect all regs above its base */
+ change = (reg >= a + 2);
+ break;
+ }
+ case OP_CALL:
+ case OP_TAILCALL: { /* affect all registers above base */
+ change = (reg >= a);
+ break;
+ }
+ case OP_JMP: { /* doesn't change registers, but changes 'jmptarget' */
+ int b = GETARG_sJ(i);
+ int dest = pc + 1 + b;
+ /* jump does not skip 'lastpc' and is larger than current one? */
+ if (dest <= lastpc && dest > jmptarget)
+ jmptarget = dest; /* update 'jmptarget' */
+ change = 0;
+ break;
+ }
+ default: /* any instruction that sets A */
+ change = (testAMode(op) && reg == a);
+ break;
+ }
+ if (change)
+ setreg = filterpc(pc, jmptarget);
+ }
+ return setreg;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether table being indexed by instruction 'i' is the
+** environment '_ENV'
+*/
+static const char *gxf (const Proto *p, int pc, Instruction i, int isup) {
+ int t = GETARG_B(i); /* table index */
+ const char *name; /* name of indexed variable */
+ if (isup) /* is an upvalue? */
+ name = upvalname(p, t);
+ else
+ getobjname(p, pc, t, &name);
+ return (name && strcmp(name, LUA_ENV) == 0) ? "global" : "field";
+}
+
+
+static const char *getobjname (const Proto *p, int lastpc, int reg,
+ const char **name) {
+ int pc;
+ *name = luaF_getlocalname(p, reg + 1, lastpc);
+ if (*name) /* is a local? */
+ return "local";
+ /* else try symbolic execution */
+ pc = findsetreg(p, lastpc, reg);
+ if (pc != -1) { /* could find instruction? */
+ Instruction i = p->code[pc];
+ OpCode op = GET_OPCODE(i);
+ switch (op) {
+ case OP_MOVE: {
+ int b = GETARG_B(i); /* move from 'b' to 'a' */
+ if (b < GETARG_A(i))
+ return getobjname(p, pc, b, name); /* get name for 'b' */
+ break;
+ }
+ case OP_GETTABUP: {
+ int k = GETARG_C(i); /* key index */
+ kname(p, k, name);
+ return gxf(p, pc, i, 1);
+ }
+ case OP_GETTABLE: {
+ int k = GETARG_C(i); /* key index */
+ rname(p, pc, k, name);
+ return gxf(p, pc, i, 0);
+ }
+ case OP_GETI: {
+ *name = "integer index";
+ return "field";
+ }
+ case OP_GETFIELD: {
+ int k = GETARG_C(i); /* key index */
+ kname(p, k, name);
+ return gxf(p, pc, i, 0);
+ }
+ case OP_GETUPVAL: {
+ *name = upvalname(p, GETARG_B(i));
+ return "upvalue";
+ }
+ case OP_LOADK:
+ case OP_LOADKX: {
+ int b = (op == OP_LOADK) ? GETARG_Bx(i)
+ : GETARG_Ax(p->code[pc + 1]);
+ if (ttisstring(&p->k[b])) {
+ *name = svalue(&p->k[b]);
+ return "constant";
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ case OP_SELF: {
+ rkname(p, pc, i, name);
+ return "method";
+ }
+ default: break; /* go through to return NULL */
+ }
+ }
+ return NULL; /* could not find reasonable name */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Try to find a name for a function based on the code that called it.
+** (Only works when function was called by a Lua function.)
+** Returns what the name is (e.g., "for iterator", "method",
+** "metamethod") and sets '*name' to point to the name.
+*/
+static const char *funcnamefromcode (lua_State *L, const Proto *p,
+ int pc, const char **name) {
+ TMS tm = (TMS)0; /* (initial value avoids warnings) */
+ Instruction i = p->code[pc]; /* calling instruction */
+ switch (GET_OPCODE(i)) {
+ case OP_CALL:
+ case OP_TAILCALL:
+ return getobjname(p, pc, GETARG_A(i), name); /* get function name */
+ case OP_TFORCALL: { /* for iterator */
+ *name = "for iterator";
+ return "for iterator";
+ }
+ /* other instructions can do calls through metamethods */
+ case OP_SELF: case OP_GETTABUP: case OP_GETTABLE:
+ case OP_GETI: case OP_GETFIELD:
+ tm = TM_INDEX;
+ break;
+ case OP_SETTABUP: case OP_SETTABLE: case OP_SETI: case OP_SETFIELD:
+ tm = TM_NEWINDEX;
+ break;
+ case OP_MMBIN: case OP_MMBINI: case OP_MMBINK: {
+ tm = cast(TMS, GETARG_C(i));
+ break;
+ }
+ case OP_UNM: tm = TM_UNM; break;
+ case OP_BNOT: tm = TM_BNOT; break;
+ case OP_LEN: tm = TM_LEN; break;
+ case OP_CONCAT: tm = TM_CONCAT; break;
+ case OP_EQ: tm = TM_EQ; break;
+ /* no cases for OP_EQI and OP_EQK, as they don't call metamethods */
+ case OP_LT: case OP_LTI: case OP_GTI: tm = TM_LT; break;
+ case OP_LE: case OP_LEI: case OP_GEI: tm = TM_LE; break;
+ case OP_CLOSE: case OP_RETURN: tm = TM_CLOSE; break;
+ default:
+ return NULL; /* cannot find a reasonable name */
+ }
+ *name = getstr(G(L)->tmname[tm]) + 2;
+ return "metamethod";
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Try to find a name for a function based on how it was called.
+*/
+static const char *funcnamefromcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci,
+ const char **name) {
+ if (ci->callstatus & CIST_HOOKED) { /* was it called inside a hook? */
+ *name = "?";
+ return "hook";
+ }
+ else if (ci->callstatus & CIST_FIN) { /* was it called as a finalizer? */
+ *name = "__gc";
+ return "metamethod"; /* report it as such */
+ }
+ else if (isLua(ci))
+ return funcnamefromcode(L, ci_func(ci)->p, currentpc(ci), name);
+ else
+ return NULL;
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether pointer 'o' points to some value in the stack frame of
+** the current function and, if so, returns its index. Because 'o' may
+** not point to a value in this stack, we cannot compare it with the
+** region boundaries (undefined behavior in ISO C).
+*/
+static int instack (CallInfo *ci, const TValue *o) {
+ int pos;
+ StkId base = ci->func.p + 1;
+ for (pos = 0; base + pos < ci->top.p; pos++) {
+ if (o == s2v(base + pos))
+ return pos;
+ }
+ return -1; /* not found */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Checks whether value 'o' came from an upvalue. (That can only happen
+** with instructions OP_GETTABUP/OP_SETTABUP, which operate directly on
+** upvalues.)
+*/
+static const char *getupvalname (CallInfo *ci, const TValue *o,
+ const char **name) {
+ LClosure *c = ci_func(ci);
+ int i;
+ for (i = 0; i < c->nupvalues; i++) {
+ if (c->upvals[i]->v.p == o) {
+ *name = upvalname(c->p, i);
+ return "upvalue";
+ }
+ }
+ return NULL;
+}
+
+
+static const char *formatvarinfo (lua_State *L, const char *kind,
+ const char *name) {
+ if (kind == NULL)
+ return ""; /* no information */
+ else
+ return luaO_pushfstring(L, " (%s '%s')", kind, name);
+}
+
+/*
+** Build a string with a "description" for the value 'o', such as
+** "variable 'x'" or "upvalue 'y'".
+*/
+static const char *varinfo (lua_State *L, const TValue *o) {
+ CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
+ const char *name = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */
+ const char *kind = NULL;
+ if (isLua(ci)) {
+ kind = getupvalname(ci, o, &name); /* check whether 'o' is an upvalue */
+ if (!kind) { /* not an upvalue? */
+ int reg = instack(ci, o); /* try a register */
+ if (reg >= 0) /* is 'o' a register? */
+ kind = getobjname(ci_func(ci)->p, currentpc(ci), reg, &name);
+ }
+ }
+ return formatvarinfo(L, kind, name);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Raise a type error
+*/
+static l_noret typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *op,
+ const char *extra) {
+ const char *t = luaT_objtypename(L, o);
+ luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to %s a %s value%s", op, t, extra);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Raise a type error with "standard" information about the faulty
+** object 'o' (using 'varinfo').
+*/
+l_noret luaG_typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *op) {
+ typeerror(L, o, op, varinfo(L, o));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Raise an error for calling a non-callable object. Try to find a name
+** for the object based on how it was called ('funcnamefromcall'); if it
+** cannot get a name there, try 'varinfo'.
+*/
+l_noret luaG_callerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o) {
+ CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
+ const char *name = NULL; /* to avoid warnings */
+ const char *kind = funcnamefromcall(L, ci, &name);
+ const char *extra = kind ? formatvarinfo(L, kind, name) : varinfo(L, o);
+ typeerror(L, o, "call", extra);
+}
+
+
+l_noret luaG_forerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o, const char *what) {
+ luaG_runerror(L, "bad 'for' %s (number expected, got %s)",
+ what, luaT_objtypename(L, o));
+}
+
+
+l_noret luaG_concaterror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) {
+ if (ttisstring(p1) || cvt2str(p1)) p1 = p2;
+ luaG_typeerror(L, p1, "concatenate");
+}
+
+
+l_noret luaG_opinterror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
+ const TValue *p2, const char *msg) {
+ if (!ttisnumber(p1)) /* first operand is wrong? */
+ p2 = p1; /* now second is wrong */
+ luaG_typeerror(L, p2, msg);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Error when both values are convertible to numbers, but not to integers
+*/
+l_noret luaG_tointerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) {
+ lua_Integer temp;
+ if (!luaV_tointegerns(p1, &temp, LUA_FLOORN2I))
+ p2 = p1;
+ luaG_runerror(L, "number%s has no integer representation", varinfo(L, p2));
+}
+
+
+l_noret luaG_ordererror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2) {
+ const char *t1 = luaT_objtypename(L, p1);
+ const char *t2 = luaT_objtypename(L, p2);
+ if (strcmp(t1, t2) == 0)
+ luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to compare two %s values", t1);
+ else
+ luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to compare %s with %s", t1, t2);
+}
+
+
+/* add src:line information to 'msg' */
+const char *luaG_addinfo (lua_State *L, const char *msg, TString *src,
+ int line) {
+ char buff[LUA_IDSIZE];
+ if (src)
+ luaO_chunkid(buff, getstr(src), tsslen(src));
+ else { /* no source available; use "?" instead */
+ buff[0] = '?'; buff[1] = '\0';
+ }
+ return luaO_pushfstring(L, "%s:%d: %s", buff, line, msg);
+}
+
+
+l_noret luaG_errormsg (lua_State *L) {
+ if (L->errfunc != 0) { /* is there an error handling function? */
+ StkId errfunc = restorestack(L, L->errfunc);
+ lua_assert(ttisfunction(s2v(errfunc)));
+ setobjs2s(L, L->top.p, L->top.p - 1); /* move argument */
+ setobjs2s(L, L->top.p - 1, errfunc); /* push function */
+ L->top.p++; /* assume EXTRA_STACK */
+ luaD_callnoyield(L, L->top.p - 2, 1); /* call it */
+ }
+ luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRRUN);
+}
+
+
+l_noret luaG_runerror (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...) {
+ CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
+ const char *msg;
+ va_list argp;
+ luaC_checkGC(L); /* error message uses memory */
+ va_start(argp, fmt);
+ msg = luaO_pushvfstring(L, fmt, argp); /* format message */
+ va_end(argp);
+ if (isLua(ci)) { /* if Lua function, add source:line information */
+ luaG_addinfo(L, msg, ci_func(ci)->p->source, getcurrentline(ci));
+ setobjs2s(L, L->top.p - 2, L->top.p - 1); /* remove 'msg' */
+ L->top.p--;
+ }
+ luaG_errormsg(L);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether new instruction 'newpc' is in a different line from
+** previous instruction 'oldpc'. More often than not, 'newpc' is only
+** one or a few instructions after 'oldpc' (it must be after, see
+** caller), so try to avoid calling 'luaG_getfuncline'. If they are
+** too far apart, there is a good chance of a ABSLINEINFO in the way,
+** so it goes directly to 'luaG_getfuncline'.
+*/
+static int changedline (const Proto *p, int oldpc, int newpc) {
+ if (p->lineinfo == NULL) /* no debug information? */
+ return 0;
+ if (newpc - oldpc < MAXIWTHABS / 2) { /* not too far apart? */
+ int delta = 0; /* line difference */
+ int pc = oldpc;
+ for (;;) {
+ int lineinfo = p->lineinfo[++pc];
+ if (lineinfo == ABSLINEINFO)
+ break; /* cannot compute delta; fall through */
+ delta += lineinfo;
+ if (pc == newpc)
+ return (delta != 0); /* delta computed successfully */
+ }
+ }
+ /* either instructions are too far apart or there is an absolute line
+ info in the way; compute line difference explicitly */
+ return (luaG_getfuncline(p, oldpc) != luaG_getfuncline(p, newpc));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Traces the execution of a Lua function. Called before the execution
+** of each opcode, when debug is on. 'L->oldpc' stores the last
+** instruction traced, to detect line changes. When entering a new
+** function, 'npci' will be zero and will test as a new line whatever
+** the value of 'oldpc'. Some exceptional conditions may return to
+** a function without setting 'oldpc'. In that case, 'oldpc' may be
+** invalid; if so, use zero as a valid value. (A wrong but valid 'oldpc'
+** at most causes an extra call to a line hook.)
+** This function is not "Protected" when called, so it should correct
+** 'L->top.p' before calling anything that can run the GC.
+*/
+int luaG_traceexec (lua_State *L, const Instruction *pc) {
+ CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
+ lu_byte mask = L->hookmask;
+ const Proto *p = ci_func(ci)->p;
+ int counthook;
+ if (!(mask & (LUA_MASKLINE | LUA_MASKCOUNT))) { /* no hooks? */
+ ci->u.l.trap = 0; /* don't need to stop again */
+ return 0; /* turn off 'trap' */
+ }
+ pc++; /* reference is always next instruction */
+ ci->u.l.savedpc = pc; /* save 'pc' */
+ counthook = (--L->hookcount == 0 && (mask & LUA_MASKCOUNT));
+ if (counthook)
+ resethookcount(L); /* reset count */
+ else if (!(mask & LUA_MASKLINE))
+ return 1; /* no line hook and count != 0; nothing to be done now */
+ if (ci->callstatus & CIST_HOOKYIELD) { /* called hook last time? */
+ ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_HOOKYIELD; /* erase mark */
+ return 1; /* do not call hook again (VM yielded, so it did not move) */
+ }
+ if (!isIT(*(ci->u.l.savedpc - 1))) /* top not being used? */
+ L->top.p = ci->top.p; /* correct top */
+ if (counthook)
+ luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKCOUNT, -1, 0, 0); /* call count hook */
+ if (mask & LUA_MASKLINE) {
+ /* 'L->oldpc' may be invalid; use zero in this case */
+ int oldpc = (L->oldpc < p->sizecode) ? L->oldpc : 0;
+ int npci = pcRel(pc, p);
+ if (npci <= oldpc || /* call hook when jump back (loop), */
+ changedline(p, oldpc, npci)) { /* or when enter new line */
+ int newline = luaG_getfuncline(p, npci);
+ luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKLINE, newline, 0, 0); /* call line hook */
+ }
+ L->oldpc = npci; /* 'pc' of last call to line hook */
+ }
+ if (L->status == LUA_YIELD) { /* did hook yield? */
+ if (counthook)
+ L->hookcount = 1; /* undo decrement to zero */
+ ci->u.l.savedpc--; /* undo increment (resume will increment it again) */
+ ci->callstatus |= CIST_HOOKYIELD; /* mark that it yielded */
+ luaD_throw(L, LUA_YIELD);
+ }
+ return 1; /* keep 'trap' on */
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/ldebug.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/ldebug.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c3074c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/ldebug.h
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+/*
+** $Id: ldebug.h $
+** Auxiliary functions from Debug Interface module
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef ldebug_h
+#define ldebug_h
+
+
+#include "lstate.h"
+
+
+#define pcRel(pc, p) (cast_int((pc) - (p)->code) - 1)
+
+
+/* Active Lua function (given call info) */
+#define ci_func(ci) (clLvalue(s2v((ci)->func.p)))
+
+
+#define resethookcount(L) (L->hookcount = L->basehookcount)
+
+/*
+** mark for entries in 'lineinfo' array that has absolute information in
+** 'abslineinfo' array
+*/
+#define ABSLINEINFO (-0x80)
+
+
+/*
+** MAXimum number of successive Instructions WiTHout ABSolute line
+** information. (A power of two allows fast divisions.)
+*/
+#if !defined(MAXIWTHABS)
+#define MAXIWTHABS 128
+#endif
+
+
+LUAI_FUNC int luaG_getfuncline (const Proto *f, int pc);
+LUAI_FUNC const char *luaG_findlocal (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int n,
+ StkId *pos);
+LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_typeerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o,
+ const char *opname);
+LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_callerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o);
+LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_forerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *o,
+ const char *what);
+LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_concaterror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
+ const TValue *p2);
+LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_opinterror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
+ const TValue *p2,
+ const char *msg);
+LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_tointerror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
+ const TValue *p2);
+LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_ordererror (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
+ const TValue *p2);
+LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_runerror (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...);
+LUAI_FUNC const char *luaG_addinfo (lua_State *L, const char *msg,
+ TString *src, int line);
+LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaG_errormsg (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaG_traceexec (lua_State *L, const Instruction *pc);
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/ldo.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/ldo.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2a0017c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/ldo.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1024 @@
+/*
+** $Id: ldo.c $
+** Stack and Call structure of Lua
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define ldo_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lapi.h"
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h"
+#include "lfunc.h"
+#include "lgc.h"
+#include "lmem.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lopcodes.h"
+#include "lparser.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+#include "lstring.h"
+#include "ltable.h"
+#include "ltm.h"
+#include "lundump.h"
+#include "lvm.h"
+#include "lzio.h"
+
+
+
+#define errorstatus(s) ((s) > LUA_YIELD)
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Error-recovery functions
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+** LUAI_THROW/LUAI_TRY define how Lua does exception handling. By
+** default, Lua handles errors with exceptions when compiling as
+** C++ code, with _longjmp/_setjmp when asked to use them, and with
+** longjmp/setjmp otherwise.
+*/
+#if !defined(LUAI_THROW) /* { */
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus) && !defined(LUA_USE_LONGJMP) /* { */
+
+/* C++ exceptions */
+#define LUAI_THROW(L,c) throw(c)
+#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a) \
+ try { a } catch(...) { if ((c)->status == 0) (c)->status = -1; }
+#define luai_jmpbuf int /* dummy variable */
+
+#elif defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* }{ */
+
+/* in POSIX, try _longjmp/_setjmp (more efficient) */
+#define LUAI_THROW(L,c) _longjmp((c)->b, 1)
+#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a) if (_setjmp((c)->b) == 0) { a }
+#define luai_jmpbuf jmp_buf
+
+#else /* }{ */
+
+/* ISO C handling with long jumps */
+#define LUAI_THROW(L,c) longjmp((c)->b, 1)
+#define LUAI_TRY(L,c,a) if (setjmp((c)->b) == 0) { a }
+#define luai_jmpbuf jmp_buf
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+
+/* chain list of long jump buffers */
+struct lua_longjmp {
+ struct lua_longjmp *previous;
+ luai_jmpbuf b;
+ volatile int status; /* error code */
+};
+
+
+void luaD_seterrorobj (lua_State *L, int errcode, StkId oldtop) {
+ switch (errcode) {
+ case LUA_ERRMEM: { /* memory error? */
+ setsvalue2s(L, oldtop, G(L)->memerrmsg); /* reuse preregistered msg. */
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_ERRERR: {
+ setsvalue2s(L, oldtop, luaS_newliteral(L, "error in error handling"));
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_OK: { /* special case only for closing upvalues */
+ setnilvalue(s2v(oldtop)); /* no error message */
+ break;
+ }
+ default: {
+ lua_assert(errorstatus(errcode)); /* real error */
+ setobjs2s(L, oldtop, L->top.p - 1); /* error message on current top */
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ L->top.p = oldtop + 1;
+}
+
+
+l_noret luaD_throw (lua_State *L, int errcode) {
+ if (L->errorJmp) { /* thread has an error handler? */
+ L->errorJmp->status = errcode; /* set status */
+ LUAI_THROW(L, L->errorJmp); /* jump to it */
+ }
+ else { /* thread has no error handler */
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ errcode = luaE_resetthread(L, errcode); /* close all upvalues */
+ if (g->mainthread->errorJmp) { /* main thread has a handler? */
+ setobjs2s(L, g->mainthread->top.p++, L->top.p - 1); /* copy error obj. */
+ luaD_throw(g->mainthread, errcode); /* re-throw in main thread */
+ }
+ else { /* no handler at all; abort */
+ if (g->panic) { /* panic function? */
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ g->panic(L); /* call panic function (last chance to jump out) */
+ }
+ abort();
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+int luaD_rawrunprotected (lua_State *L, Pfunc f, void *ud) {
+ l_uint32 oldnCcalls = L->nCcalls;
+ struct lua_longjmp lj;
+ lj.status = LUA_OK;
+ lj.previous = L->errorJmp; /* chain new error handler */
+ L->errorJmp = &lj;
+ LUAI_TRY(L, &lj,
+ (*f)(L, ud);
+ );
+ L->errorJmp = lj.previous; /* restore old error handler */
+ L->nCcalls = oldnCcalls;
+ return lj.status;
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Stack reallocation
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+
+/*
+** Change all pointers to the stack into offsets.
+*/
+static void relstack (lua_State *L) {
+ CallInfo *ci;
+ UpVal *up;
+ L->top.offset = savestack(L, L->top.p);
+ L->tbclist.offset = savestack(L, L->tbclist.p);
+ for (up = L->openupval; up != NULL; up = up->u.open.next)
+ up->v.offset = savestack(L, uplevel(up));
+ for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous) {
+ ci->top.offset = savestack(L, ci->top.p);
+ ci->func.offset = savestack(L, ci->func.p);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Change back all offsets into pointers.
+*/
+static void correctstack (lua_State *L) {
+ CallInfo *ci;
+ UpVal *up;
+ L->top.p = restorestack(L, L->top.offset);
+ L->tbclist.p = restorestack(L, L->tbclist.offset);
+ for (up = L->openupval; up != NULL; up = up->u.open.next)
+ up->v.p = s2v(restorestack(L, up->v.offset));
+ for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous) {
+ ci->top.p = restorestack(L, ci->top.offset);
+ ci->func.p = restorestack(L, ci->func.offset);
+ if (isLua(ci))
+ ci->u.l.trap = 1; /* signal to update 'trap' in 'luaV_execute' */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/* some space for error handling */
+#define ERRORSTACKSIZE (LUAI_MAXSTACK + 200)
+
+/*
+** Reallocate the stack to a new size, correcting all pointers into it.
+** In ISO C, any pointer use after the pointer has been deallocated is
+** undefined behavior. So, before the reallocation, all pointers are
+** changed to offsets, and after the reallocation they are changed back
+** to pointers. As during the reallocation the pointers are invalid, the
+** reallocation cannot run emergency collections.
+**
+** In case of allocation error, raise an error or return false according
+** to 'raiseerror'.
+*/
+int luaD_reallocstack (lua_State *L, int newsize, int raiseerror) {
+ int oldsize = stacksize(L);
+ int i;
+ StkId newstack;
+ int oldgcstop = G(L)->gcstopem;
+ lua_assert(newsize <= LUAI_MAXSTACK || newsize == ERRORSTACKSIZE);
+ relstack(L); /* change pointers to offsets */
+ G(L)->gcstopem = 1; /* stop emergency collection */
+ newstack = luaM_reallocvector(L, L->stack.p, oldsize + EXTRA_STACK,
+ newsize + EXTRA_STACK, StackValue);
+ G(L)->gcstopem = oldgcstop; /* restore emergency collection */
+ if (l_unlikely(newstack == NULL)) { /* reallocation failed? */
+ correctstack(L); /* change offsets back to pointers */
+ if (raiseerror)
+ luaM_error(L);
+ else return 0; /* do not raise an error */
+ }
+ L->stack.p = newstack;
+ correctstack(L); /* change offsets back to pointers */
+ L->stack_last.p = L->stack.p + newsize;
+ for (i = oldsize + EXTRA_STACK; i < newsize + EXTRA_STACK; i++)
+ setnilvalue(s2v(newstack + i)); /* erase new segment */
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Try to grow the stack by at least 'n' elements. When 'raiseerror'
+** is true, raises any error; otherwise, return 0 in case of errors.
+*/
+int luaD_growstack (lua_State *L, int n, int raiseerror) {
+ int size = stacksize(L);
+ if (l_unlikely(size > LUAI_MAXSTACK)) {
+ /* if stack is larger than maximum, thread is already using the
+ extra space reserved for errors, that is, thread is handling
+ a stack error; cannot grow further than that. */
+ lua_assert(stacksize(L) == ERRORSTACKSIZE);
+ if (raiseerror)
+ luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRERR); /* error inside message handler */
+ return 0; /* if not 'raiseerror', just signal it */
+ }
+ else if (n < LUAI_MAXSTACK) { /* avoids arithmetic overflows */
+ int newsize = 2 * size; /* tentative new size */
+ int needed = cast_int(L->top.p - L->stack.p) + n;
+ if (newsize > LUAI_MAXSTACK) /* cannot cross the limit */
+ newsize = LUAI_MAXSTACK;
+ if (newsize < needed) /* but must respect what was asked for */
+ newsize = needed;
+ if (l_likely(newsize <= LUAI_MAXSTACK))
+ return luaD_reallocstack(L, newsize, raiseerror);
+ }
+ /* else stack overflow */
+ /* add extra size to be able to handle the error message */
+ luaD_reallocstack(L, ERRORSTACKSIZE, raiseerror);
+ if (raiseerror)
+ luaG_runerror(L, "stack overflow");
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Compute how much of the stack is being used, by computing the
+** maximum top of all call frames in the stack and the current top.
+*/
+static int stackinuse (lua_State *L) {
+ CallInfo *ci;
+ int res;
+ StkId lim = L->top.p;
+ for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous) {
+ if (lim < ci->top.p) lim = ci->top.p;
+ }
+ lua_assert(lim <= L->stack_last.p + EXTRA_STACK);
+ res = cast_int(lim - L->stack.p) + 1; /* part of stack in use */
+ if (res < LUA_MINSTACK)
+ res = LUA_MINSTACK; /* ensure a minimum size */
+ return res;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** If stack size is more than 3 times the current use, reduce that size
+** to twice the current use. (So, the final stack size is at most 2/3 the
+** previous size, and half of its entries are empty.)
+** As a particular case, if stack was handling a stack overflow and now
+** it is not, 'max' (limited by LUAI_MAXSTACK) will be smaller than
+** stacksize (equal to ERRORSTACKSIZE in this case), and so the stack
+** will be reduced to a "regular" size.
+*/
+void luaD_shrinkstack (lua_State *L) {
+ int inuse = stackinuse(L);
+ int max = (inuse > LUAI_MAXSTACK / 3) ? LUAI_MAXSTACK : inuse * 3;
+ /* if thread is currently not handling a stack overflow and its
+ size is larger than maximum "reasonable" size, shrink it */
+ if (inuse <= LUAI_MAXSTACK && stacksize(L) > max) {
+ int nsize = (inuse > LUAI_MAXSTACK / 2) ? LUAI_MAXSTACK : inuse * 2;
+ luaD_reallocstack(L, nsize, 0); /* ok if that fails */
+ }
+ else /* don't change stack */
+ condmovestack(L,{},{}); /* (change only for debugging) */
+ luaE_shrinkCI(L); /* shrink CI list */
+}
+
+
+void luaD_inctop (lua_State *L) {
+ luaD_checkstack(L, 1);
+ L->top.p++;
+}
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** Call a hook for the given event. Make sure there is a hook to be
+** called. (Both 'L->hook' and 'L->hookmask', which trigger this
+** function, can be changed asynchronously by signals.)
+*/
+void luaD_hook (lua_State *L, int event, int line,
+ int ftransfer, int ntransfer) {
+ lua_Hook hook = L->hook;
+ if (hook && L->allowhook) { /* make sure there is a hook */
+ int mask = CIST_HOOKED;
+ CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
+ ptrdiff_t top = savestack(L, L->top.p); /* preserve original 'top' */
+ ptrdiff_t ci_top = savestack(L, ci->top.p); /* idem for 'ci->top' */
+ lua_Debug ar;
+ ar.event = event;
+ ar.currentline = line;
+ ar.i_ci = ci;
+ if (ntransfer != 0) {
+ mask |= CIST_TRAN; /* 'ci' has transfer information */
+ ci->u2.transferinfo.ftransfer = ftransfer;
+ ci->u2.transferinfo.ntransfer = ntransfer;
+ }
+ if (isLua(ci) && L->top.p < ci->top.p)
+ L->top.p = ci->top.p; /* protect entire activation register */
+ luaD_checkstack(L, LUA_MINSTACK); /* ensure minimum stack size */
+ if (ci->top.p < L->top.p + LUA_MINSTACK)
+ ci->top.p = L->top.p + LUA_MINSTACK;
+ L->allowhook = 0; /* cannot call hooks inside a hook */
+ ci->callstatus |= mask;
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ (*hook)(L, &ar);
+ lua_lock(L);
+ lua_assert(!L->allowhook);
+ L->allowhook = 1;
+ ci->top.p = restorestack(L, ci_top);
+ L->top.p = restorestack(L, top);
+ ci->callstatus &= ~mask;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Executes a call hook for Lua functions. This function is called
+** whenever 'hookmask' is not zero, so it checks whether call hooks are
+** active.
+*/
+void luaD_hookcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) {
+ L->oldpc = 0; /* set 'oldpc' for new function */
+ if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKCALL) { /* is call hook on? */
+ int event = (ci->callstatus & CIST_TAIL) ? LUA_HOOKTAILCALL
+ : LUA_HOOKCALL;
+ Proto *p = ci_func(ci)->p;
+ ci->u.l.savedpc++; /* hooks assume 'pc' is already incremented */
+ luaD_hook(L, event, -1, 1, p->numparams);
+ ci->u.l.savedpc--; /* correct 'pc' */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Executes a return hook for Lua and C functions and sets/corrects
+** 'oldpc'. (Note that this correction is needed by the line hook, so it
+** is done even when return hooks are off.)
+*/
+static void rethook (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int nres) {
+ if (L->hookmask & LUA_MASKRET) { /* is return hook on? */
+ StkId firstres = L->top.p - nres; /* index of first result */
+ int delta = 0; /* correction for vararg functions */
+ int ftransfer;
+ if (isLua(ci)) {
+ Proto *p = ci_func(ci)->p;
+ if (p->is_vararg)
+ delta = ci->u.l.nextraargs + p->numparams + 1;
+ }
+ ci->func.p += delta; /* if vararg, back to virtual 'func' */
+ ftransfer = cast(unsigned short, firstres - ci->func.p);
+ luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKRET, -1, ftransfer, nres); /* call it */
+ ci->func.p -= delta;
+ }
+ if (isLua(ci = ci->previous))
+ L->oldpc = pcRel(ci->u.l.savedpc, ci_func(ci)->p); /* set 'oldpc' */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether 'func' has a '__call' metafield. If so, put it in the
+** stack, below original 'func', so that 'luaD_precall' can call it. Raise
+** an error if there is no '__call' metafield.
+*/
+StkId luaD_tryfuncTM (lua_State *L, StkId func) {
+ const TValue *tm;
+ StkId p;
+ checkstackGCp(L, 1, func); /* space for metamethod */
+ tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, s2v(func), TM_CALL); /* (after previous GC) */
+ if (l_unlikely(ttisnil(tm)))
+ luaG_callerror(L, s2v(func)); /* nothing to call */
+ for (p = L->top.p; p > func; p--) /* open space for metamethod */
+ setobjs2s(L, p, p-1);
+ L->top.p++; /* stack space pre-allocated by the caller */
+ setobj2s(L, func, tm); /* metamethod is the new function to be called */
+ return func;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Given 'nres' results at 'firstResult', move 'wanted' of them to 'res'.
+** Handle most typical cases (zero results for commands, one result for
+** expressions, multiple results for tail calls/single parameters)
+** separated.
+*/
+l_sinline void moveresults (lua_State *L, StkId res, int nres, int wanted) {
+ StkId firstresult;
+ int i;
+ switch (wanted) { /* handle typical cases separately */
+ case 0: /* no values needed */
+ L->top.p = res;
+ return;
+ case 1: /* one value needed */
+ if (nres == 0) /* no results? */
+ setnilvalue(s2v(res)); /* adjust with nil */
+ else /* at least one result */
+ setobjs2s(L, res, L->top.p - nres); /* move it to proper place */
+ L->top.p = res + 1;
+ return;
+ case LUA_MULTRET:
+ wanted = nres; /* we want all results */
+ break;
+ default: /* two/more results and/or to-be-closed variables */
+ if (hastocloseCfunc(wanted)) { /* to-be-closed variables? */
+ L->ci->callstatus |= CIST_CLSRET; /* in case of yields */
+ L->ci->u2.nres = nres;
+ res = luaF_close(L, res, CLOSEKTOP, 1);
+ L->ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_CLSRET;
+ if (L->hookmask) { /* if needed, call hook after '__close's */
+ ptrdiff_t savedres = savestack(L, res);
+ rethook(L, L->ci, nres);
+ res = restorestack(L, savedres); /* hook can move stack */
+ }
+ wanted = decodeNresults(wanted);
+ if (wanted == LUA_MULTRET)
+ wanted = nres; /* we want all results */
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ /* generic case */
+ firstresult = L->top.p - nres; /* index of first result */
+ if (nres > wanted) /* extra results? */
+ nres = wanted; /* don't need them */
+ for (i = 0; i < nres; i++) /* move all results to correct place */
+ setobjs2s(L, res + i, firstresult + i);
+ for (; i < wanted; i++) /* complete wanted number of results */
+ setnilvalue(s2v(res + i));
+ L->top.p = res + wanted; /* top points after the last result */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Finishes a function call: calls hook if necessary, moves current
+** number of results to proper place, and returns to previous call
+** info. If function has to close variables, hook must be called after
+** that.
+*/
+void luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int nres) {
+ int wanted = ci->nresults;
+ if (l_unlikely(L->hookmask && !hastocloseCfunc(wanted)))
+ rethook(L, ci, nres);
+ /* move results to proper place */
+ moveresults(L, ci->func.p, nres, wanted);
+ /* function cannot be in any of these cases when returning */
+ lua_assert(!(ci->callstatus &
+ (CIST_HOOKED | CIST_YPCALL | CIST_FIN | CIST_TRAN | CIST_CLSRET)));
+ L->ci = ci->previous; /* back to caller (after closing variables) */
+}
+
+
+
+#define next_ci(L) (L->ci->next ? L->ci->next : luaE_extendCI(L))
+
+
+l_sinline CallInfo *prepCallInfo (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nret,
+ int mask, StkId top) {
+ CallInfo *ci = L->ci = next_ci(L); /* new frame */
+ ci->func.p = func;
+ ci->nresults = nret;
+ ci->callstatus = mask;
+ ci->top.p = top;
+ return ci;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** precall for C functions
+*/
+l_sinline int precallC (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nresults,
+ lua_CFunction f) {
+ int n; /* number of returns */
+ CallInfo *ci;
+ checkstackGCp(L, LUA_MINSTACK, func); /* ensure minimum stack size */
+ L->ci = ci = prepCallInfo(L, func, nresults, CIST_C,
+ L->top.p + LUA_MINSTACK);
+ lua_assert(ci->top.p <= L->stack_last.p);
+ if (l_unlikely(L->hookmask & LUA_MASKCALL)) {
+ int narg = cast_int(L->top.p - func) - 1;
+ luaD_hook(L, LUA_HOOKCALL, -1, 1, narg);
+ }
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ n = (*f)(L); /* do the actual call */
+ lua_lock(L);
+ api_checknelems(L, n);
+ luaD_poscall(L, ci, n);
+ return n;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Prepare a function for a tail call, building its call info on top
+** of the current call info. 'narg1' is the number of arguments plus 1
+** (so that it includes the function itself). Return the number of
+** results, if it was a C function, or -1 for a Lua function.
+*/
+int luaD_pretailcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, StkId func,
+ int narg1, int delta) {
+ retry:
+ switch (ttypetag(s2v(func))) {
+ case LUA_VCCL: /* C closure */
+ return precallC(L, func, LUA_MULTRET, clCvalue(s2v(func))->f);
+ case LUA_VLCF: /* light C function */
+ return precallC(L, func, LUA_MULTRET, fvalue(s2v(func)));
+ case LUA_VLCL: { /* Lua function */
+ Proto *p = clLvalue(s2v(func))->p;
+ int fsize = p->maxstacksize; /* frame size */
+ int nfixparams = p->numparams;
+ int i;
+ checkstackGCp(L, fsize - delta, func);
+ ci->func.p -= delta; /* restore 'func' (if vararg) */
+ for (i = 0; i < narg1; i++) /* move down function and arguments */
+ setobjs2s(L, ci->func.p + i, func + i);
+ func = ci->func.p; /* moved-down function */
+ for (; narg1 <= nfixparams; narg1++)
+ setnilvalue(s2v(func + narg1)); /* complete missing arguments */
+ ci->top.p = func + 1 + fsize; /* top for new function */
+ lua_assert(ci->top.p <= L->stack_last.p);
+ ci->u.l.savedpc = p->code; /* starting point */
+ ci->callstatus |= CIST_TAIL;
+ L->top.p = func + narg1; /* set top */
+ return -1;
+ }
+ default: { /* not a function */
+ func = luaD_tryfuncTM(L, func); /* try to get '__call' metamethod */
+ /* return luaD_pretailcall(L, ci, func, narg1 + 1, delta); */
+ narg1++;
+ goto retry; /* try again */
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Prepares the call to a function (C or Lua). For C functions, also do
+** the call. The function to be called is at '*func'. The arguments
+** are on the stack, right after the function. Returns the CallInfo
+** to be executed, if it was a Lua function. Otherwise (a C function)
+** returns NULL, with all the results on the stack, starting at the
+** original function position.
+*/
+CallInfo *luaD_precall (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nresults) {
+ retry:
+ switch (ttypetag(s2v(func))) {
+ case LUA_VCCL: /* C closure */
+ precallC(L, func, nresults, clCvalue(s2v(func))->f);
+ return NULL;
+ case LUA_VLCF: /* light C function */
+ precallC(L, func, nresults, fvalue(s2v(func)));
+ return NULL;
+ case LUA_VLCL: { /* Lua function */
+ CallInfo *ci;
+ Proto *p = clLvalue(s2v(func))->p;
+ int narg = cast_int(L->top.p - func) - 1; /* number of real arguments */
+ int nfixparams = p->numparams;
+ int fsize = p->maxstacksize; /* frame size */
+ checkstackGCp(L, fsize, func);
+ L->ci = ci = prepCallInfo(L, func, nresults, 0, func + 1 + fsize);
+ ci->u.l.savedpc = p->code; /* starting point */
+ for (; narg < nfixparams; narg++)
+ setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p++)); /* complete missing arguments */
+ lua_assert(ci->top.p <= L->stack_last.p);
+ return ci;
+ }
+ default: { /* not a function */
+ func = luaD_tryfuncTM(L, func); /* try to get '__call' metamethod */
+ /* return luaD_precall(L, func, nresults); */
+ goto retry; /* try again with metamethod */
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Call a function (C or Lua) through C. 'inc' can be 1 (increment
+** number of recursive invocations in the C stack) or nyci (the same
+** plus increment number of non-yieldable calls).
+** This function can be called with some use of EXTRA_STACK, so it should
+** check the stack before doing anything else. 'luaD_precall' already
+** does that.
+*/
+l_sinline void ccall (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults, l_uint32 inc) {
+ CallInfo *ci;
+ L->nCcalls += inc;
+ if (l_unlikely(getCcalls(L) >= LUAI_MAXCCALLS)) {
+ checkstackp(L, 0, func); /* free any use of EXTRA_STACK */
+ luaE_checkcstack(L);
+ }
+ if ((ci = luaD_precall(L, func, nResults)) != NULL) { /* Lua function? */
+ ci->callstatus = CIST_FRESH; /* mark that it is a "fresh" execute */
+ luaV_execute(L, ci); /* call it */
+ }
+ L->nCcalls -= inc;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** External interface for 'ccall'
+*/
+void luaD_call (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults) {
+ ccall(L, func, nResults, 1);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Similar to 'luaD_call', but does not allow yields during the call.
+*/
+void luaD_callnoyield (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults) {
+ ccall(L, func, nResults, nyci);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Finish the job of 'lua_pcallk' after it was interrupted by an yield.
+** (The caller, 'finishCcall', does the final call to 'adjustresults'.)
+** The main job is to complete the 'luaD_pcall' called by 'lua_pcallk'.
+** If a '__close' method yields here, eventually control will be back
+** to 'finishCcall' (when that '__close' method finally returns) and
+** 'finishpcallk' will run again and close any still pending '__close'
+** methods. Similarly, if a '__close' method errs, 'precover' calls
+** 'unroll' which calls ''finishCcall' and we are back here again, to
+** close any pending '__close' methods.
+** Note that, up to the call to 'luaF_close', the corresponding
+** 'CallInfo' is not modified, so that this repeated run works like the
+** first one (except that it has at least one less '__close' to do). In
+** particular, field CIST_RECST preserves the error status across these
+** multiple runs, changing only if there is a new error.
+*/
+static int finishpcallk (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) {
+ int status = getcistrecst(ci); /* get original status */
+ if (l_likely(status == LUA_OK)) /* no error? */
+ status = LUA_YIELD; /* was interrupted by an yield */
+ else { /* error */
+ StkId func = restorestack(L, ci->u2.funcidx);
+ L->allowhook = getoah(ci->callstatus); /* restore 'allowhook' */
+ func = luaF_close(L, func, status, 1); /* can yield or raise an error */
+ luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, func);
+ luaD_shrinkstack(L); /* restore stack size in case of overflow */
+ setcistrecst(ci, LUA_OK); /* clear original status */
+ }
+ ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_YPCALL;
+ L->errfunc = ci->u.c.old_errfunc;
+ /* if it is here, there were errors or yields; unlike 'lua_pcallk',
+ do not change status */
+ return status;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Completes the execution of a C function interrupted by an yield.
+** The interruption must have happened while the function was either
+** closing its tbc variables in 'moveresults' or executing
+** 'lua_callk'/'lua_pcallk'. In the first case, it just redoes
+** 'luaD_poscall'. In the second case, the call to 'finishpcallk'
+** finishes the interrupted execution of 'lua_pcallk'. After that, it
+** calls the continuation of the interrupted function and finally it
+** completes the job of the 'luaD_call' that called the function. In
+** the call to 'adjustresults', we do not know the number of results
+** of the function called by 'lua_callk'/'lua_pcallk', so we are
+** conservative and use LUA_MULTRET (always adjust).
+*/
+static void finishCcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) {
+ int n; /* actual number of results from C function */
+ if (ci->callstatus & CIST_CLSRET) { /* was returning? */
+ lua_assert(hastocloseCfunc(ci->nresults));
+ n = ci->u2.nres; /* just redo 'luaD_poscall' */
+ /* don't need to reset CIST_CLSRET, as it will be set again anyway */
+ }
+ else {
+ int status = LUA_YIELD; /* default if there were no errors */
+ /* must have a continuation and must be able to call it */
+ lua_assert(ci->u.c.k != NULL && yieldable(L));
+ if (ci->callstatus & CIST_YPCALL) /* was inside a 'lua_pcallk'? */
+ status = finishpcallk(L, ci); /* finish it */
+ adjustresults(L, LUA_MULTRET); /* finish 'lua_callk' */
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ n = (*ci->u.c.k)(L, status, ci->u.c.ctx); /* call continuation */
+ lua_lock(L);
+ api_checknelems(L, n);
+ }
+ luaD_poscall(L, ci, n); /* finish 'luaD_call' */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Executes "full continuation" (everything in the stack) of a
+** previously interrupted coroutine until the stack is empty (or another
+** interruption long-jumps out of the loop).
+*/
+static void unroll (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
+ CallInfo *ci;
+ UNUSED(ud);
+ while ((ci = L->ci) != &L->base_ci) { /* something in the stack */
+ if (!isLua(ci)) /* C function? */
+ finishCcall(L, ci); /* complete its execution */
+ else { /* Lua function */
+ luaV_finishOp(L); /* finish interrupted instruction */
+ luaV_execute(L, ci); /* execute down to higher C 'boundary' */
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Try to find a suspended protected call (a "recover point") for the
+** given thread.
+*/
+static CallInfo *findpcall (lua_State *L) {
+ CallInfo *ci;
+ for (ci = L->ci; ci != NULL; ci = ci->previous) { /* search for a pcall */
+ if (ci->callstatus & CIST_YPCALL)
+ return ci;
+ }
+ return NULL; /* no pending pcall */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Signal an error in the call to 'lua_resume', not in the execution
+** of the coroutine itself. (Such errors should not be handled by any
+** coroutine error handler and should not kill the coroutine.)
+*/
+static int resume_error (lua_State *L, const char *msg, int narg) {
+ L->top.p -= narg; /* remove args from the stack */
+ setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, luaS_new(L, msg)); /* push error message */
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return LUA_ERRRUN;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Do the work for 'lua_resume' in protected mode. Most of the work
+** depends on the status of the coroutine: initial state, suspended
+** inside a hook, or regularly suspended (optionally with a continuation
+** function), plus erroneous cases: non-suspended coroutine or dead
+** coroutine.
+*/
+static void resume (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
+ int n = *(cast(int*, ud)); /* number of arguments */
+ StkId firstArg = L->top.p - n; /* first argument */
+ CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
+ if (L->status == LUA_OK) /* starting a coroutine? */
+ ccall(L, firstArg - 1, LUA_MULTRET, 0); /* just call its body */
+ else { /* resuming from previous yield */
+ lua_assert(L->status == LUA_YIELD);
+ L->status = LUA_OK; /* mark that it is running (again) */
+ if (isLua(ci)) { /* yielded inside a hook? */
+ L->top.p = firstArg; /* discard arguments */
+ luaV_execute(L, ci); /* just continue running Lua code */
+ }
+ else { /* 'common' yield */
+ if (ci->u.c.k != NULL) { /* does it have a continuation function? */
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ n = (*ci->u.c.k)(L, LUA_YIELD, ci->u.c.ctx); /* call continuation */
+ lua_lock(L);
+ api_checknelems(L, n);
+ }
+ luaD_poscall(L, ci, n); /* finish 'luaD_call' */
+ }
+ unroll(L, NULL); /* run continuation */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Unrolls a coroutine in protected mode while there are recoverable
+** errors, that is, errors inside a protected call. (Any error
+** interrupts 'unroll', and this loop protects it again so it can
+** continue.) Stops with a normal end (status == LUA_OK), an yield
+** (status == LUA_YIELD), or an unprotected error ('findpcall' doesn't
+** find a recover point).
+*/
+static int precover (lua_State *L, int status) {
+ CallInfo *ci;
+ while (errorstatus(status) && (ci = findpcall(L)) != NULL) {
+ L->ci = ci; /* go down to recovery functions */
+ setcistrecst(ci, status); /* status to finish 'pcall' */
+ status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, unroll, NULL);
+ }
+ return status;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_resume (lua_State *L, lua_State *from, int nargs,
+ int *nresults) {
+ int status;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ if (L->status == LUA_OK) { /* may be starting a coroutine */
+ if (L->ci != &L->base_ci) /* not in base level? */
+ return resume_error(L, "cannot resume non-suspended coroutine", nargs);
+ else if (L->top.p - (L->ci->func.p + 1) == nargs) /* no function? */
+ return resume_error(L, "cannot resume dead coroutine", nargs);
+ }
+ else if (L->status != LUA_YIELD) /* ended with errors? */
+ return resume_error(L, "cannot resume dead coroutine", nargs);
+ L->nCcalls = (from) ? getCcalls(from) : 0;
+ if (getCcalls(L) >= LUAI_MAXCCALLS)
+ return resume_error(L, "C stack overflow", nargs);
+ L->nCcalls++;
+ luai_userstateresume(L, nargs);
+ api_checknelems(L, (L->status == LUA_OK) ? nargs + 1 : nargs);
+ status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, resume, &nargs);
+ /* continue running after recoverable errors */
+ status = precover(L, status);
+ if (l_likely(!errorstatus(status)))
+ lua_assert(status == L->status); /* normal end or yield */
+ else { /* unrecoverable error */
+ L->status = cast_byte(status); /* mark thread as 'dead' */
+ luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, L->top.p); /* push error message */
+ L->ci->top.p = L->top.p;
+ }
+ *nresults = (status == LUA_YIELD) ? L->ci->u2.nyield
+ : cast_int(L->top.p - (L->ci->func.p + 1));
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return status;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_isyieldable (lua_State *L) {
+ return yieldable(L);
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_yieldk (lua_State *L, int nresults, lua_KContext ctx,
+ lua_KFunction k) {
+ CallInfo *ci;
+ luai_userstateyield(L, nresults);
+ lua_lock(L);
+ ci = L->ci;
+ api_checknelems(L, nresults);
+ if (l_unlikely(!yieldable(L))) {
+ if (L != G(L)->mainthread)
+ luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to yield across a C-call boundary");
+ else
+ luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to yield from outside a coroutine");
+ }
+ L->status = LUA_YIELD;
+ ci->u2.nyield = nresults; /* save number of results */
+ if (isLua(ci)) { /* inside a hook? */
+ lua_assert(!isLuacode(ci));
+ api_check(L, nresults == 0, "hooks cannot yield values");
+ api_check(L, k == NULL, "hooks cannot continue after yielding");
+ }
+ else {
+ if ((ci->u.c.k = k) != NULL) /* is there a continuation? */
+ ci->u.c.ctx = ctx; /* save context */
+ luaD_throw(L, LUA_YIELD);
+ }
+ lua_assert(ci->callstatus & CIST_HOOKED); /* must be inside a hook */
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return 0; /* return to 'luaD_hook' */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Auxiliary structure to call 'luaF_close' in protected mode.
+*/
+struct CloseP {
+ StkId level;
+ int status;
+};
+
+
+/*
+** Auxiliary function to call 'luaF_close' in protected mode.
+*/
+static void closepaux (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
+ struct CloseP *pcl = cast(struct CloseP *, ud);
+ luaF_close(L, pcl->level, pcl->status, 0);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Calls 'luaF_close' in protected mode. Return the original status
+** or, in case of errors, the new status.
+*/
+int luaD_closeprotected (lua_State *L, ptrdiff_t level, int status) {
+ CallInfo *old_ci = L->ci;
+ lu_byte old_allowhooks = L->allowhook;
+ for (;;) { /* keep closing upvalues until no more errors */
+ struct CloseP pcl;
+ pcl.level = restorestack(L, level); pcl.status = status;
+ status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, &closepaux, &pcl);
+ if (l_likely(status == LUA_OK)) /* no more errors? */
+ return pcl.status;
+ else { /* an error occurred; restore saved state and repeat */
+ L->ci = old_ci;
+ L->allowhook = old_allowhooks;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Call the C function 'func' in protected mode, restoring basic
+** thread information ('allowhook', etc.) and in particular
+** its stack level in case of errors.
+*/
+int luaD_pcall (lua_State *L, Pfunc func, void *u,
+ ptrdiff_t old_top, ptrdiff_t ef) {
+ int status;
+ CallInfo *old_ci = L->ci;
+ lu_byte old_allowhooks = L->allowhook;
+ ptrdiff_t old_errfunc = L->errfunc;
+ L->errfunc = ef;
+ status = luaD_rawrunprotected(L, func, u);
+ if (l_unlikely(status != LUA_OK)) { /* an error occurred? */
+ L->ci = old_ci;
+ L->allowhook = old_allowhooks;
+ status = luaD_closeprotected(L, old_top, status);
+ luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, restorestack(L, old_top));
+ luaD_shrinkstack(L); /* restore stack size in case of overflow */
+ }
+ L->errfunc = old_errfunc;
+ return status;
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+** Execute a protected parser.
+*/
+struct SParser { /* data to 'f_parser' */
+ ZIO *z;
+ Mbuffer buff; /* dynamic structure used by the scanner */
+ Dyndata dyd; /* dynamic structures used by the parser */
+ const char *mode;
+ const char *name;
+};
+
+
+static void checkmode (lua_State *L, const char *mode, const char *x) {
+ if (mode && strchr(mode, x[0]) == NULL) {
+ luaO_pushfstring(L,
+ "attempt to load a %s chunk (mode is '%s')", x, mode);
+ luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRSYNTAX);
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void f_parser (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
+ LClosure *cl;
+ struct SParser *p = cast(struct SParser *, ud);
+ int c = zgetc(p->z); /* read first character */
+ if (c == LUA_SIGNATURE[0]) {
+ checkmode(L, p->mode, "binary");
+ cl = luaU_undump(L, p->z, p->name);
+ }
+ else {
+ checkmode(L, p->mode, "text");
+ cl = luaY_parser(L, p->z, &p->buff, &p->dyd, p->name, c);
+ }
+ lua_assert(cl->nupvalues == cl->p->sizeupvalues);
+ luaF_initupvals(L, cl);
+}
+
+
+int luaD_protectedparser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, const char *name,
+ const char *mode) {
+ struct SParser p;
+ int status;
+ incnny(L); /* cannot yield during parsing */
+ p.z = z; p.name = name; p.mode = mode;
+ p.dyd.actvar.arr = NULL; p.dyd.actvar.size = 0;
+ p.dyd.gt.arr = NULL; p.dyd.gt.size = 0;
+ p.dyd.label.arr = NULL; p.dyd.label.size = 0;
+ luaZ_initbuffer(L, &p.buff);
+ status = luaD_pcall(L, f_parser, &p, savestack(L, L->top.p), L->errfunc);
+ luaZ_freebuffer(L, &p.buff);
+ luaM_freearray(L, p.dyd.actvar.arr, p.dyd.actvar.size);
+ luaM_freearray(L, p.dyd.gt.arr, p.dyd.gt.size);
+ luaM_freearray(L, p.dyd.label.arr, p.dyd.label.size);
+ decnny(L);
+ return status;
+}
+
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/ldo.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/ldo.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1aa446a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/ldo.h
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+/*
+** $Id: ldo.h $
+** Stack and Call structure of Lua
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef ldo_h
+#define ldo_h
+
+
+#include "llimits.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+#include "lzio.h"
+
+
+/*
+** Macro to check stack size and grow stack if needed. Parameters
+** 'pre'/'pos' allow the macro to preserve a pointer into the
+** stack across reallocations, doing the work only when needed.
+** It also allows the running of one GC step when the stack is
+** reallocated.
+** 'condmovestack' is used in heavy tests to force a stack reallocation
+** at every check.
+*/
+#define luaD_checkstackaux(L,n,pre,pos) \
+ if (l_unlikely(L->stack_last.p - L->top.p <= (n))) \
+ { pre; luaD_growstack(L, n, 1); pos; } \
+ else { condmovestack(L,pre,pos); }
+
+/* In general, 'pre'/'pos' are empty (nothing to save) */
+#define luaD_checkstack(L,n) luaD_checkstackaux(L,n,(void)0,(void)0)
+
+
+
+#define savestack(L,pt) (cast_charp(pt) - cast_charp(L->stack.p))
+#define restorestack(L,n) cast(StkId, cast_charp(L->stack.p) + (n))
+
+
+/* macro to check stack size, preserving 'p' */
+#define checkstackp(L,n,p) \
+ luaD_checkstackaux(L, n, \
+ ptrdiff_t t__ = savestack(L, p), /* save 'p' */ \
+ p = restorestack(L, t__)) /* 'pos' part: restore 'p' */
+
+
+/* macro to check stack size and GC, preserving 'p' */
+#define checkstackGCp(L,n,p) \
+ luaD_checkstackaux(L, n, \
+ ptrdiff_t t__ = savestack(L, p); /* save 'p' */ \
+ luaC_checkGC(L), /* stack grow uses memory */ \
+ p = restorestack(L, t__)) /* 'pos' part: restore 'p' */
+
+
+/* macro to check stack size and GC */
+#define checkstackGC(L,fsize) \
+ luaD_checkstackaux(L, (fsize), luaC_checkGC(L), (void)0)
+
+
+/* type of protected functions, to be ran by 'runprotected' */
+typedef void (*Pfunc) (lua_State *L, void *ud);
+
+LUAI_FUNC void luaD_seterrorobj (lua_State *L, int errcode, StkId oldtop);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaD_protectedparser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, const char *name,
+ const char *mode);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaD_hook (lua_State *L, int event, int line,
+ int fTransfer, int nTransfer);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaD_hookcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaD_pretailcall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, StkId func,
+ int narg1, int delta);
+LUAI_FUNC CallInfo *luaD_precall (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaD_call (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaD_callnoyield (lua_State *L, StkId func, int nResults);
+LUAI_FUNC StkId luaD_tryfuncTM (lua_State *L, StkId func);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaD_closeprotected (lua_State *L, ptrdiff_t level, int status);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaD_pcall (lua_State *L, Pfunc func, void *u,
+ ptrdiff_t oldtop, ptrdiff_t ef);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaD_poscall (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, int nres);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaD_reallocstack (lua_State *L, int newsize, int raiseerror);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaD_growstack (lua_State *L, int n, int raiseerror);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaD_shrinkstack (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaD_inctop (lua_State *L);
+
+LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaD_throw (lua_State *L, int errcode);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaD_rawrunprotected (lua_State *L, Pfunc f, void *ud);
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/ldump.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/ldump.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f231691
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/ldump.c
@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+/*
+** $Id: ldump.c $
+** save precompiled Lua chunks
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define ldump_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+#include "lundump.h"
+
+
+typedef struct {
+ lua_State *L;
+ lua_Writer writer;
+ void *data;
+ int strip;
+ int status;
+} DumpState;
+
+
+/*
+** All high-level dumps go through dumpVector; you can change it to
+** change the endianness of the result
+*/
+#define dumpVector(D,v,n) dumpBlock(D,v,(n)*sizeof((v)[0]))
+
+#define dumpLiteral(D, s) dumpBlock(D,s,sizeof(s) - sizeof(char))
+
+
+static void dumpBlock (DumpState *D, const void *b, size_t size) {
+ if (D->status == 0 && size > 0) {
+ lua_unlock(D->L);
+ D->status = (*D->writer)(D->L, b, size, D->data);
+ lua_lock(D->L);
+ }
+}
+
+
+#define dumpVar(D,x) dumpVector(D,&x,1)
+
+
+static void dumpByte (DumpState *D, int y) {
+ lu_byte x = (lu_byte)y;
+ dumpVar(D, x);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** 'dumpSize' buffer size: each byte can store up to 7 bits. (The "+6"
+** rounds up the division.)
+*/
+#define DIBS ((sizeof(size_t) * CHAR_BIT + 6) / 7)
+
+static void dumpSize (DumpState *D, size_t x) {
+ lu_byte buff[DIBS];
+ int n = 0;
+ do {
+ buff[DIBS - (++n)] = x & 0x7f; /* fill buffer in reverse order */
+ x >>= 7;
+ } while (x != 0);
+ buff[DIBS - 1] |= 0x80; /* mark last byte */
+ dumpVector(D, buff + DIBS - n, n);
+}
+
+
+static void dumpInt (DumpState *D, int x) {
+ dumpSize(D, x);
+}
+
+
+static void dumpNumber (DumpState *D, lua_Number x) {
+ dumpVar(D, x);
+}
+
+
+static void dumpInteger (DumpState *D, lua_Integer x) {
+ dumpVar(D, x);
+}
+
+
+static void dumpString (DumpState *D, const TString *s) {
+ if (s == NULL)
+ dumpSize(D, 0);
+ else {
+ size_t size = tsslen(s);
+ const char *str = getstr(s);
+ dumpSize(D, size + 1);
+ dumpVector(D, str, size);
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void dumpCode (DumpState *D, const Proto *f) {
+ dumpInt(D, f->sizecode);
+ dumpVector(D, f->code, f->sizecode);
+}
+
+
+static void dumpFunction(DumpState *D, const Proto *f, TString *psource);
+
+static void dumpConstants (DumpState *D, const Proto *f) {
+ int i;
+ int n = f->sizek;
+ dumpInt(D, n);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ const TValue *o = &f->k[i];
+ int tt = ttypetag(o);
+ dumpByte(D, tt);
+ switch (tt) {
+ case LUA_VNUMFLT:
+ dumpNumber(D, fltvalue(o));
+ break;
+ case LUA_VNUMINT:
+ dumpInteger(D, ivalue(o));
+ break;
+ case LUA_VSHRSTR:
+ case LUA_VLNGSTR:
+ dumpString(D, tsvalue(o));
+ break;
+ default:
+ lua_assert(tt == LUA_VNIL || tt == LUA_VFALSE || tt == LUA_VTRUE);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void dumpProtos (DumpState *D, const Proto *f) {
+ int i;
+ int n = f->sizep;
+ dumpInt(D, n);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+ dumpFunction(D, f->p[i], f->source);
+}
+
+
+static void dumpUpvalues (DumpState *D, const Proto *f) {
+ int i, n = f->sizeupvalues;
+ dumpInt(D, n);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ dumpByte(D, f->upvalues[i].instack);
+ dumpByte(D, f->upvalues[i].idx);
+ dumpByte(D, f->upvalues[i].kind);
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void dumpDebug (DumpState *D, const Proto *f) {
+ int i, n;
+ n = (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizelineinfo;
+ dumpInt(D, n);
+ dumpVector(D, f->lineinfo, n);
+ n = (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizeabslineinfo;
+ dumpInt(D, n);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ dumpInt(D, f->abslineinfo[i].pc);
+ dumpInt(D, f->abslineinfo[i].line);
+ }
+ n = (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizelocvars;
+ dumpInt(D, n);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ dumpString(D, f->locvars[i].varname);
+ dumpInt(D, f->locvars[i].startpc);
+ dumpInt(D, f->locvars[i].endpc);
+ }
+ n = (D->strip) ? 0 : f->sizeupvalues;
+ dumpInt(D, n);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+ dumpString(D, f->upvalues[i].name);
+}
+
+
+static void dumpFunction (DumpState *D, const Proto *f, TString *psource) {
+ if (D->strip || f->source == psource)
+ dumpString(D, NULL); /* no debug info or same source as its parent */
+ else
+ dumpString(D, f->source);
+ dumpInt(D, f->linedefined);
+ dumpInt(D, f->lastlinedefined);
+ dumpByte(D, f->numparams);
+ dumpByte(D, f->is_vararg);
+ dumpByte(D, f->maxstacksize);
+ dumpCode(D, f);
+ dumpConstants(D, f);
+ dumpUpvalues(D, f);
+ dumpProtos(D, f);
+ dumpDebug(D, f);
+}
+
+
+static void dumpHeader (DumpState *D) {
+ dumpLiteral(D, LUA_SIGNATURE);
+ dumpByte(D, LUAC_VERSION);
+ dumpByte(D, LUAC_FORMAT);
+ dumpLiteral(D, LUAC_DATA);
+ dumpByte(D, sizeof(Instruction));
+ dumpByte(D, sizeof(lua_Integer));
+ dumpByte(D, sizeof(lua_Number));
+ dumpInteger(D, LUAC_INT);
+ dumpNumber(D, LUAC_NUM);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** dump Lua function as precompiled chunk
+*/
+int luaU_dump(lua_State *L, const Proto *f, lua_Writer w, void *data,
+ int strip) {
+ DumpState D;
+ D.L = L;
+ D.writer = w;
+ D.data = data;
+ D.strip = strip;
+ D.status = 0;
+ dumpHeader(&D);
+ dumpByte(&D, f->sizeupvalues);
+ dumpFunction(&D, f, NULL);
+ return D.status;
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lfunc.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lfunc.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0945f24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lfunc.c
@@ -0,0 +1,294 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lfunc.c $
+** Auxiliary functions to manipulate prototypes and closures
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lfunc_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h"
+#include "lfunc.h"
+#include "lgc.h"
+#include "lmem.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+
+
+
+CClosure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int nupvals) {
+ GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VCCL, sizeCclosure(nupvals));
+ CClosure *c = gco2ccl(o);
+ c->nupvalues = cast_byte(nupvals);
+ return c;
+}
+
+
+LClosure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int nupvals) {
+ GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VLCL, sizeLclosure(nupvals));
+ LClosure *c = gco2lcl(o);
+ c->p = NULL;
+ c->nupvalues = cast_byte(nupvals);
+ while (nupvals--) c->upvals[nupvals] = NULL;
+ return c;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** fill a closure with new closed upvalues
+*/
+void luaF_initupvals (lua_State *L, LClosure *cl) {
+ int i;
+ for (i = 0; i < cl->nupvalues; i++) {
+ GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VUPVAL, sizeof(UpVal));
+ UpVal *uv = gco2upv(o);
+ uv->v.p = &uv->u.value; /* make it closed */
+ setnilvalue(uv->v.p);
+ cl->upvals[i] = uv;
+ luaC_objbarrier(L, cl, uv);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Create a new upvalue at the given level, and link it to the list of
+** open upvalues of 'L' after entry 'prev'.
+**/
+static UpVal *newupval (lua_State *L, StkId level, UpVal **prev) {
+ GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VUPVAL, sizeof(UpVal));
+ UpVal *uv = gco2upv(o);
+ UpVal *next = *prev;
+ uv->v.p = s2v(level); /* current value lives in the stack */
+ uv->u.open.next = next; /* link it to list of open upvalues */
+ uv->u.open.previous = prev;
+ if (next)
+ next->u.open.previous = &uv->u.open.next;
+ *prev = uv;
+ if (!isintwups(L)) { /* thread not in list of threads with upvalues? */
+ L->twups = G(L)->twups; /* link it to the list */
+ G(L)->twups = L;
+ }
+ return uv;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Find and reuse, or create if it does not exist, an upvalue
+** at the given level.
+*/
+UpVal *luaF_findupval (lua_State *L, StkId level) {
+ UpVal **pp = &L->openupval;
+ UpVal *p;
+ lua_assert(isintwups(L) || L->openupval == NULL);
+ while ((p = *pp) != NULL && uplevel(p) >= level) { /* search for it */
+ lua_assert(!isdead(G(L), p));
+ if (uplevel(p) == level) /* corresponding upvalue? */
+ return p; /* return it */
+ pp = &p->u.open.next;
+ }
+ /* not found: create a new upvalue after 'pp' */
+ return newupval(L, level, pp);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Call closing method for object 'obj' with error message 'err'. The
+** boolean 'yy' controls whether the call is yieldable.
+** (This function assumes EXTRA_STACK.)
+*/
+static void callclosemethod (lua_State *L, TValue *obj, TValue *err, int yy) {
+ StkId top = L->top.p;
+ const TValue *tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, obj, TM_CLOSE);
+ setobj2s(L, top, tm); /* will call metamethod... */
+ setobj2s(L, top + 1, obj); /* with 'self' as the 1st argument */
+ setobj2s(L, top + 2, err); /* and error msg. as 2nd argument */
+ L->top.p = top + 3; /* add function and arguments */
+ if (yy)
+ luaD_call(L, top, 0);
+ else
+ luaD_callnoyield(L, top, 0);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether object at given level has a close metamethod and raise
+** an error if not.
+*/
+static void checkclosemth (lua_State *L, StkId level) {
+ const TValue *tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, s2v(level), TM_CLOSE);
+ if (ttisnil(tm)) { /* no metamethod? */
+ int idx = cast_int(level - L->ci->func.p); /* variable index */
+ const char *vname = luaG_findlocal(L, L->ci, idx, NULL);
+ if (vname == NULL) vname = "?";
+ luaG_runerror(L, "variable '%s' got a non-closable value", vname);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Prepare and call a closing method.
+** If status is CLOSEKTOP, the call to the closing method will be pushed
+** at the top of the stack. Otherwise, values can be pushed right after
+** the 'level' of the upvalue being closed, as everything after that
+** won't be used again.
+*/
+static void prepcallclosemth (lua_State *L, StkId level, int status, int yy) {
+ TValue *uv = s2v(level); /* value being closed */
+ TValue *errobj;
+ if (status == CLOSEKTOP)
+ errobj = &G(L)->nilvalue; /* error object is nil */
+ else { /* 'luaD_seterrorobj' will set top to level + 2 */
+ errobj = s2v(level + 1); /* error object goes after 'uv' */
+ luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, level + 1); /* set error object */
+ }
+ callclosemethod(L, uv, errobj, yy);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Maximum value for deltas in 'tbclist', dependent on the type
+** of delta. (This macro assumes that an 'L' is in scope where it
+** is used.)
+*/
+#define MAXDELTA \
+ ((256ul << ((sizeof(L->stack.p->tbclist.delta) - 1) * 8)) - 1)
+
+
+/*
+** Insert a variable in the list of to-be-closed variables.
+*/
+void luaF_newtbcupval (lua_State *L, StkId level) {
+ lua_assert(level > L->tbclist.p);
+ if (l_isfalse(s2v(level)))
+ return; /* false doesn't need to be closed */
+ checkclosemth(L, level); /* value must have a close method */
+ while (cast_uint(level - L->tbclist.p) > MAXDELTA) {
+ L->tbclist.p += MAXDELTA; /* create a dummy node at maximum delta */
+ L->tbclist.p->tbclist.delta = 0;
+ }
+ level->tbclist.delta = cast(unsigned short, level - L->tbclist.p);
+ L->tbclist.p = level;
+}
+
+
+void luaF_unlinkupval (UpVal *uv) {
+ lua_assert(upisopen(uv));
+ *uv->u.open.previous = uv->u.open.next;
+ if (uv->u.open.next)
+ uv->u.open.next->u.open.previous = uv->u.open.previous;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Close all upvalues up to the given stack level.
+*/
+void luaF_closeupval (lua_State *L, StkId level) {
+ UpVal *uv;
+ StkId upl; /* stack index pointed by 'uv' */
+ while ((uv = L->openupval) != NULL && (upl = uplevel(uv)) >= level) {
+ TValue *slot = &uv->u.value; /* new position for value */
+ lua_assert(uplevel(uv) < L->top.p);
+ luaF_unlinkupval(uv); /* remove upvalue from 'openupval' list */
+ setobj(L, slot, uv->v.p); /* move value to upvalue slot */
+ uv->v.p = slot; /* now current value lives here */
+ if (!iswhite(uv)) { /* neither white nor dead? */
+ nw2black(uv); /* closed upvalues cannot be gray */
+ luaC_barrier(L, uv, slot);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Remove first element from the tbclist plus its dummy nodes.
+*/
+static void poptbclist (lua_State *L) {
+ StkId tbc = L->tbclist.p;
+ lua_assert(tbc->tbclist.delta > 0); /* first element cannot be dummy */
+ tbc -= tbc->tbclist.delta;
+ while (tbc > L->stack.p && tbc->tbclist.delta == 0)
+ tbc -= MAXDELTA; /* remove dummy nodes */
+ L->tbclist.p = tbc;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Close all upvalues and to-be-closed variables up to the given stack
+** level. Return restored 'level'.
+*/
+StkId luaF_close (lua_State *L, StkId level, int status, int yy) {
+ ptrdiff_t levelrel = savestack(L, level);
+ luaF_closeupval(L, level); /* first, close the upvalues */
+ while (L->tbclist.p >= level) { /* traverse tbc's down to that level */
+ StkId tbc = L->tbclist.p; /* get variable index */
+ poptbclist(L); /* remove it from list */
+ prepcallclosemth(L, tbc, status, yy); /* close variable */
+ level = restorestack(L, levelrel);
+ }
+ return level;
+}
+
+
+Proto *luaF_newproto (lua_State *L) {
+ GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VPROTO, sizeof(Proto));
+ Proto *f = gco2p(o);
+ f->k = NULL;
+ f->sizek = 0;
+ f->p = NULL;
+ f->sizep = 0;
+ f->code = NULL;
+ f->sizecode = 0;
+ f->lineinfo = NULL;
+ f->sizelineinfo = 0;
+ f->abslineinfo = NULL;
+ f->sizeabslineinfo = 0;
+ f->upvalues = NULL;
+ f->sizeupvalues = 0;
+ f->numparams = 0;
+ f->is_vararg = 0;
+ f->maxstacksize = 0;
+ f->locvars = NULL;
+ f->sizelocvars = 0;
+ f->linedefined = 0;
+ f->lastlinedefined = 0;
+ f->source = NULL;
+ return f;
+}
+
+
+void luaF_freeproto (lua_State *L, Proto *f) {
+ luaM_freearray(L, f->code, f->sizecode);
+ luaM_freearray(L, f->p, f->sizep);
+ luaM_freearray(L, f->k, f->sizek);
+ luaM_freearray(L, f->lineinfo, f->sizelineinfo);
+ luaM_freearray(L, f->abslineinfo, f->sizeabslineinfo);
+ luaM_freearray(L, f->locvars, f->sizelocvars);
+ luaM_freearray(L, f->upvalues, f->sizeupvalues);
+ luaM_free(L, f);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Look for n-th local variable at line 'line' in function 'func'.
+** Returns NULL if not found.
+*/
+const char *luaF_getlocalname (const Proto *f, int local_number, int pc) {
+ int i;
+ for (i = 0; isizelocvars && f->locvars[i].startpc <= pc; i++) {
+ if (pc < f->locvars[i].endpc) { /* is variable active? */
+ local_number--;
+ if (local_number == 0)
+ return getstr(f->locvars[i].varname);
+ }
+ }
+ return NULL; /* not found */
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lfunc.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lfunc.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3be265e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lfunc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lfunc.h $
+** Auxiliary functions to manipulate prototypes and closures
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef lfunc_h
+#define lfunc_h
+
+
+#include "lobject.h"
+
+
+#define sizeCclosure(n) (cast_int(offsetof(CClosure, upvalue)) + \
+ cast_int(sizeof(TValue)) * (n))
+
+#define sizeLclosure(n) (cast_int(offsetof(LClosure, upvals)) + \
+ cast_int(sizeof(TValue *)) * (n))
+
+
+/* test whether thread is in 'twups' list */
+#define isintwups(L) (L->twups != L)
+
+
+/*
+** maximum number of upvalues in a closure (both C and Lua). (Value
+** must fit in a VM register.)
+*/
+#define MAXUPVAL 255
+
+
+#define upisopen(up) ((up)->v.p != &(up)->u.value)
+
+
+#define uplevel(up) check_exp(upisopen(up), cast(StkId, (up)->v.p))
+
+
+/*
+** maximum number of misses before giving up the cache of closures
+** in prototypes
+*/
+#define MAXMISS 10
+
+
+
+/* special status to close upvalues preserving the top of the stack */
+#define CLOSEKTOP (-1)
+
+
+LUAI_FUNC Proto *luaF_newproto (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC CClosure *luaF_newCclosure (lua_State *L, int nupvals);
+LUAI_FUNC LClosure *luaF_newLclosure (lua_State *L, int nupvals);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaF_initupvals (lua_State *L, LClosure *cl);
+LUAI_FUNC UpVal *luaF_findupval (lua_State *L, StkId level);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaF_newtbcupval (lua_State *L, StkId level);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaF_closeupval (lua_State *L, StkId level);
+LUAI_FUNC StkId luaF_close (lua_State *L, StkId level, int status, int yy);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaF_unlinkupval (UpVal *uv);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaF_freeproto (lua_State *L, Proto *f);
+LUAI_FUNC const char *luaF_getlocalname (const Proto *func, int local_number,
+ int pc);
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lgc.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lgc.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3094ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lgc.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1739 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lgc.c $
+** Garbage Collector
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lgc_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+#include
+#include
+
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h"
+#include "lfunc.h"
+#include "lgc.h"
+#include "lmem.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+#include "lstring.h"
+#include "ltable.h"
+#include "ltm.h"
+
+
+/*
+** Maximum number of elements to sweep in each single step.
+** (Large enough to dissipate fixed overheads but small enough
+** to allow small steps for the collector.)
+*/
+#define GCSWEEPMAX 100
+
+/*
+** Maximum number of finalizers to call in each single step.
+*/
+#define GCFINMAX 10
+
+
+/*
+** Cost of calling one finalizer.
+*/
+#define GCFINALIZECOST 50
+
+
+/*
+** The equivalent, in bytes, of one unit of "work" (visiting a slot,
+** sweeping an object, etc.)
+*/
+#define WORK2MEM sizeof(TValue)
+
+
+/*
+** macro to adjust 'pause': 'pause' is actually used like
+** 'pause / PAUSEADJ' (value chosen by tests)
+*/
+#define PAUSEADJ 100
+
+
+/* mask with all color bits */
+#define maskcolors (bitmask(BLACKBIT) | WHITEBITS)
+
+/* mask with all GC bits */
+#define maskgcbits (maskcolors | AGEBITS)
+
+
+/* macro to erase all color bits then set only the current white bit */
+#define makewhite(g,x) \
+ (x->marked = cast_byte((x->marked & ~maskcolors) | luaC_white(g)))
+
+/* make an object gray (neither white nor black) */
+#define set2gray(x) resetbits(x->marked, maskcolors)
+
+
+/* make an object black (coming from any color) */
+#define set2black(x) \
+ (x->marked = cast_byte((x->marked & ~WHITEBITS) | bitmask(BLACKBIT)))
+
+
+#define valiswhite(x) (iscollectable(x) && iswhite(gcvalue(x)))
+
+#define keyiswhite(n) (keyiscollectable(n) && iswhite(gckey(n)))
+
+
+/*
+** Protected access to objects in values
+*/
+#define gcvalueN(o) (iscollectable(o) ? gcvalue(o) : NULL)
+
+
+#define markvalue(g,o) { checkliveness(g->mainthread,o); \
+ if (valiswhite(o)) reallymarkobject(g,gcvalue(o)); }
+
+#define markkey(g, n) { if keyiswhite(n) reallymarkobject(g,gckey(n)); }
+
+#define markobject(g,t) { if (iswhite(t)) reallymarkobject(g, obj2gco(t)); }
+
+/*
+** mark an object that can be NULL (either because it is really optional,
+** or it was stripped as debug info, or inside an uncompleted structure)
+*/
+#define markobjectN(g,t) { if (t) markobject(g,t); }
+
+static void reallymarkobject (global_State *g, GCObject *o);
+static lu_mem atomic (lua_State *L);
+static void entersweep (lua_State *L);
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Generic functions
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+
+/*
+** one after last element in a hash array
+*/
+#define gnodelast(h) gnode(h, cast_sizet(sizenode(h)))
+
+
+static GCObject **getgclist (GCObject *o) {
+ switch (o->tt) {
+ case LUA_VTABLE: return &gco2t(o)->gclist;
+ case LUA_VLCL: return &gco2lcl(o)->gclist;
+ case LUA_VCCL: return &gco2ccl(o)->gclist;
+ case LUA_VTHREAD: return &gco2th(o)->gclist;
+ case LUA_VPROTO: return &gco2p(o)->gclist;
+ case LUA_VUSERDATA: {
+ Udata *u = gco2u(o);
+ lua_assert(u->nuvalue > 0);
+ return &u->gclist;
+ }
+ default: lua_assert(0); return 0;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Link a collectable object 'o' with a known type into the list 'p'.
+** (Must be a macro to access the 'gclist' field in different types.)
+*/
+#define linkgclist(o,p) linkgclist_(obj2gco(o), &(o)->gclist, &(p))
+
+static void linkgclist_ (GCObject *o, GCObject **pnext, GCObject **list) {
+ lua_assert(!isgray(o)); /* cannot be in a gray list */
+ *pnext = *list;
+ *list = o;
+ set2gray(o); /* now it is */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Link a generic collectable object 'o' into the list 'p'.
+*/
+#define linkobjgclist(o,p) linkgclist_(obj2gco(o), getgclist(o), &(p))
+
+
+
+/*
+** Clear keys for empty entries in tables. If entry is empty, mark its
+** entry as dead. This allows the collection of the key, but keeps its
+** entry in the table: its removal could break a chain and could break
+** a table traversal. Other places never manipulate dead keys, because
+** its associated empty value is enough to signal that the entry is
+** logically empty.
+*/
+static void clearkey (Node *n) {
+ lua_assert(isempty(gval(n)));
+ if (keyiscollectable(n))
+ setdeadkey(n); /* unused key; remove it */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** tells whether a key or value can be cleared from a weak
+** table. Non-collectable objects are never removed from weak
+** tables. Strings behave as 'values', so are never removed too. for
+** other objects: if really collected, cannot keep them; for objects
+** being finalized, keep them in keys, but not in values
+*/
+static int iscleared (global_State *g, const GCObject *o) {
+ if (o == NULL) return 0; /* non-collectable value */
+ else if (novariant(o->tt) == LUA_TSTRING) {
+ markobject(g, o); /* strings are 'values', so are never weak */
+ return 0;
+ }
+ else return iswhite(o);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Barrier that moves collector forward, that is, marks the white object
+** 'v' being pointed by the black object 'o'. In the generational
+** mode, 'v' must also become old, if 'o' is old; however, it cannot
+** be changed directly to OLD, because it may still point to non-old
+** objects. So, it is marked as OLD0. In the next cycle it will become
+** OLD1, and in the next it will finally become OLD (regular old). By
+** then, any object it points to will also be old. If called in the
+** incremental sweep phase, it clears the black object to white (sweep
+** it) to avoid other barrier calls for this same object. (That cannot
+** be done is generational mode, as its sweep does not distinguish
+** whites from deads.)
+*/
+void luaC_barrier_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, GCObject *v) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ lua_assert(isblack(o) && iswhite(v) && !isdead(g, v) && !isdead(g, o));
+ if (keepinvariant(g)) { /* must keep invariant? */
+ reallymarkobject(g, v); /* restore invariant */
+ if (isold(o)) {
+ lua_assert(!isold(v)); /* white object could not be old */
+ setage(v, G_OLD0); /* restore generational invariant */
+ }
+ }
+ else { /* sweep phase */
+ lua_assert(issweepphase(g));
+ if (g->gckind == KGC_INC) /* incremental mode? */
+ makewhite(g, o); /* mark 'o' as white to avoid other barriers */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** barrier that moves collector backward, that is, mark the black object
+** pointing to a white object as gray again.
+*/
+void luaC_barrierback_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ lua_assert(isblack(o) && !isdead(g, o));
+ lua_assert((g->gckind == KGC_GEN) == (isold(o) && getage(o) != G_TOUCHED1));
+ if (getage(o) == G_TOUCHED2) /* already in gray list? */
+ set2gray(o); /* make it gray to become touched1 */
+ else /* link it in 'grayagain' and paint it gray */
+ linkobjgclist(o, g->grayagain);
+ if (isold(o)) /* generational mode? */
+ setage(o, G_TOUCHED1); /* touched in current cycle */
+}
+
+
+void luaC_fix (lua_State *L, GCObject *o) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ lua_assert(g->allgc == o); /* object must be 1st in 'allgc' list! */
+ set2gray(o); /* they will be gray forever */
+ setage(o, G_OLD); /* and old forever */
+ g->allgc = o->next; /* remove object from 'allgc' list */
+ o->next = g->fixedgc; /* link it to 'fixedgc' list */
+ g->fixedgc = o;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** create a new collectable object (with given type, size, and offset)
+** and link it to 'allgc' list.
+*/
+GCObject *luaC_newobjdt (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz, size_t offset) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ char *p = cast_charp(luaM_newobject(L, novariant(tt), sz));
+ GCObject *o = cast(GCObject *, p + offset);
+ o->marked = luaC_white(g);
+ o->tt = tt;
+ o->next = g->allgc;
+ g->allgc = o;
+ return o;
+}
+
+
+GCObject *luaC_newobj (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz) {
+ return luaC_newobjdt(L, tt, sz, 0);
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Mark functions
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+
+/*
+** Mark an object. Userdata with no user values, strings, and closed
+** upvalues are visited and turned black here. Open upvalues are
+** already indirectly linked through their respective threads in the
+** 'twups' list, so they don't go to the gray list; nevertheless, they
+** are kept gray to avoid barriers, as their values will be revisited
+** by the thread or by 'remarkupvals'. Other objects are added to the
+** gray list to be visited (and turned black) later. Both userdata and
+** upvalues can call this function recursively, but this recursion goes
+** for at most two levels: An upvalue cannot refer to another upvalue
+** (only closures can), and a userdata's metatable must be a table.
+*/
+static void reallymarkobject (global_State *g, GCObject *o) {
+ switch (o->tt) {
+ case LUA_VSHRSTR:
+ case LUA_VLNGSTR: {
+ set2black(o); /* nothing to visit */
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_VUPVAL: {
+ UpVal *uv = gco2upv(o);
+ if (upisopen(uv))
+ set2gray(uv); /* open upvalues are kept gray */
+ else
+ set2black(uv); /* closed upvalues are visited here */
+ markvalue(g, uv->v.p); /* mark its content */
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_VUSERDATA: {
+ Udata *u = gco2u(o);
+ if (u->nuvalue == 0) { /* no user values? */
+ markobjectN(g, u->metatable); /* mark its metatable */
+ set2black(u); /* nothing else to mark */
+ break;
+ }
+ /* else... */
+ } /* FALLTHROUGH */
+ case LUA_VLCL: case LUA_VCCL: case LUA_VTABLE:
+ case LUA_VTHREAD: case LUA_VPROTO: {
+ linkobjgclist(o, g->gray); /* to be visited later */
+ break;
+ }
+ default: lua_assert(0); break;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** mark metamethods for basic types
+*/
+static void markmt (global_State *g) {
+ int i;
+ for (i=0; i < LUA_NUMTAGS; i++)
+ markobjectN(g, g->mt[i]);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** mark all objects in list of being-finalized
+*/
+static lu_mem markbeingfnz (global_State *g) {
+ GCObject *o;
+ lu_mem count = 0;
+ for (o = g->tobefnz; o != NULL; o = o->next) {
+ count++;
+ markobject(g, o);
+ }
+ return count;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** For each non-marked thread, simulates a barrier between each open
+** upvalue and its value. (If the thread is collected, the value will be
+** assigned to the upvalue, but then it can be too late for the barrier
+** to act. The "barrier" does not need to check colors: A non-marked
+** thread must be young; upvalues cannot be older than their threads; so
+** any visited upvalue must be young too.) Also removes the thread from
+** the list, as it was already visited. Removes also threads with no
+** upvalues, as they have nothing to be checked. (If the thread gets an
+** upvalue later, it will be linked in the list again.)
+*/
+static int remarkupvals (global_State *g) {
+ lua_State *thread;
+ lua_State **p = &g->twups;
+ int work = 0; /* estimate of how much work was done here */
+ while ((thread = *p) != NULL) {
+ work++;
+ if (!iswhite(thread) && thread->openupval != NULL)
+ p = &thread->twups; /* keep marked thread with upvalues in the list */
+ else { /* thread is not marked or without upvalues */
+ UpVal *uv;
+ lua_assert(!isold(thread) || thread->openupval == NULL);
+ *p = thread->twups; /* remove thread from the list */
+ thread->twups = thread; /* mark that it is out of list */
+ for (uv = thread->openupval; uv != NULL; uv = uv->u.open.next) {
+ lua_assert(getage(uv) <= getage(thread));
+ work++;
+ if (!iswhite(uv)) { /* upvalue already visited? */
+ lua_assert(upisopen(uv) && isgray(uv));
+ markvalue(g, uv->v.p); /* mark its value */
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ return work;
+}
+
+
+static void cleargraylists (global_State *g) {
+ g->gray = g->grayagain = NULL;
+ g->weak = g->allweak = g->ephemeron = NULL;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** mark root set and reset all gray lists, to start a new collection
+*/
+static void restartcollection (global_State *g) {
+ cleargraylists(g);
+ markobject(g, g->mainthread);
+ markvalue(g, &g->l_registry);
+ markmt(g);
+ markbeingfnz(g); /* mark any finalizing object left from previous cycle */
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Traverse functions
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether object 'o' should be kept in the 'grayagain' list for
+** post-processing by 'correctgraylist'. (It could put all old objects
+** in the list and leave all the work to 'correctgraylist', but it is
+** more efficient to avoid adding elements that will be removed.) Only
+** TOUCHED1 objects need to be in the list. TOUCHED2 doesn't need to go
+** back to a gray list, but then it must become OLD. (That is what
+** 'correctgraylist' does when it finds a TOUCHED2 object.)
+*/
+static void genlink (global_State *g, GCObject *o) {
+ lua_assert(isblack(o));
+ if (getage(o) == G_TOUCHED1) { /* touched in this cycle? */
+ linkobjgclist(o, g->grayagain); /* link it back in 'grayagain' */
+ } /* everything else do not need to be linked back */
+ else if (getage(o) == G_TOUCHED2)
+ changeage(o, G_TOUCHED2, G_OLD); /* advance age */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Traverse a table with weak values and link it to proper list. During
+** propagate phase, keep it in 'grayagain' list, to be revisited in the
+** atomic phase. In the atomic phase, if table has any white value,
+** put it in 'weak' list, to be cleared.
+*/
+static void traverseweakvalue (global_State *g, Table *h) {
+ Node *n, *limit = gnodelast(h);
+ /* if there is array part, assume it may have white values (it is not
+ worth traversing it now just to check) */
+ int hasclears = (h->alimit > 0);
+ for (n = gnode(h, 0); n < limit; n++) { /* traverse hash part */
+ if (isempty(gval(n))) /* entry is empty? */
+ clearkey(n); /* clear its key */
+ else {
+ lua_assert(!keyisnil(n));
+ markkey(g, n);
+ if (!hasclears && iscleared(g, gcvalueN(gval(n)))) /* a white value? */
+ hasclears = 1; /* table will have to be cleared */
+ }
+ }
+ if (g->gcstate == GCSatomic && hasclears)
+ linkgclist(h, g->weak); /* has to be cleared later */
+ else
+ linkgclist(h, g->grayagain); /* must retraverse it in atomic phase */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Traverse an ephemeron table and link it to proper list. Returns true
+** iff any object was marked during this traversal (which implies that
+** convergence has to continue). During propagation phase, keep table
+** in 'grayagain' list, to be visited again in the atomic phase. In
+** the atomic phase, if table has any white->white entry, it has to
+** be revisited during ephemeron convergence (as that key may turn
+** black). Otherwise, if it has any white key, table has to be cleared
+** (in the atomic phase). In generational mode, some tables
+** must be kept in some gray list for post-processing; this is done
+** by 'genlink'.
+*/
+static int traverseephemeron (global_State *g, Table *h, int inv) {
+ int marked = 0; /* true if an object is marked in this traversal */
+ int hasclears = 0; /* true if table has white keys */
+ int hasww = 0; /* true if table has entry "white-key -> white-value" */
+ unsigned int i;
+ unsigned int asize = luaH_realasize(h);
+ unsigned int nsize = sizenode(h);
+ /* traverse array part */
+ for (i = 0; i < asize; i++) {
+ if (valiswhite(&h->array[i])) {
+ marked = 1;
+ reallymarkobject(g, gcvalue(&h->array[i]));
+ }
+ }
+ /* traverse hash part; if 'inv', traverse descending
+ (see 'convergeephemerons') */
+ for (i = 0; i < nsize; i++) {
+ Node *n = inv ? gnode(h, nsize - 1 - i) : gnode(h, i);
+ if (isempty(gval(n))) /* entry is empty? */
+ clearkey(n); /* clear its key */
+ else if (iscleared(g, gckeyN(n))) { /* key is not marked (yet)? */
+ hasclears = 1; /* table must be cleared */
+ if (valiswhite(gval(n))) /* value not marked yet? */
+ hasww = 1; /* white-white entry */
+ }
+ else if (valiswhite(gval(n))) { /* value not marked yet? */
+ marked = 1;
+ reallymarkobject(g, gcvalue(gval(n))); /* mark it now */
+ }
+ }
+ /* link table into proper list */
+ if (g->gcstate == GCSpropagate)
+ linkgclist(h, g->grayagain); /* must retraverse it in atomic phase */
+ else if (hasww) /* table has white->white entries? */
+ linkgclist(h, g->ephemeron); /* have to propagate again */
+ else if (hasclears) /* table has white keys? */
+ linkgclist(h, g->allweak); /* may have to clean white keys */
+ else
+ genlink(g, obj2gco(h)); /* check whether collector still needs to see it */
+ return marked;
+}
+
+
+static void traversestrongtable (global_State *g, Table *h) {
+ Node *n, *limit = gnodelast(h);
+ unsigned int i;
+ unsigned int asize = luaH_realasize(h);
+ for (i = 0; i < asize; i++) /* traverse array part */
+ markvalue(g, &h->array[i]);
+ for (n = gnode(h, 0); n < limit; n++) { /* traverse hash part */
+ if (isempty(gval(n))) /* entry is empty? */
+ clearkey(n); /* clear its key */
+ else {
+ lua_assert(!keyisnil(n));
+ markkey(g, n);
+ markvalue(g, gval(n));
+ }
+ }
+ genlink(g, obj2gco(h));
+}
+
+
+static lu_mem traversetable (global_State *g, Table *h) {
+ const char *weakkey, *weakvalue;
+ const TValue *mode = gfasttm(g, h->metatable, TM_MODE);
+ markobjectN(g, h->metatable);
+ if (mode && ttisstring(mode) && /* is there a weak mode? */
+ (cast_void(weakkey = strchr(svalue(mode), 'k')),
+ cast_void(weakvalue = strchr(svalue(mode), 'v')),
+ (weakkey || weakvalue))) { /* is really weak? */
+ if (!weakkey) /* strong keys? */
+ traverseweakvalue(g, h);
+ else if (!weakvalue) /* strong values? */
+ traverseephemeron(g, h, 0);
+ else /* all weak */
+ linkgclist(h, g->allweak); /* nothing to traverse now */
+ }
+ else /* not weak */
+ traversestrongtable(g, h);
+ return 1 + h->alimit + 2 * allocsizenode(h);
+}
+
+
+static int traverseudata (global_State *g, Udata *u) {
+ int i;
+ markobjectN(g, u->metatable); /* mark its metatable */
+ for (i = 0; i < u->nuvalue; i++)
+ markvalue(g, &u->uv[i].uv);
+ genlink(g, obj2gco(u));
+ return 1 + u->nuvalue;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Traverse a prototype. (While a prototype is being build, its
+** arrays can be larger than needed; the extra slots are filled with
+** NULL, so the use of 'markobjectN')
+*/
+static int traverseproto (global_State *g, Proto *f) {
+ int i;
+ markobjectN(g, f->source);
+ for (i = 0; i < f->sizek; i++) /* mark literals */
+ markvalue(g, &f->k[i]);
+ for (i = 0; i < f->sizeupvalues; i++) /* mark upvalue names */
+ markobjectN(g, f->upvalues[i].name);
+ for (i = 0; i < f->sizep; i++) /* mark nested protos */
+ markobjectN(g, f->p[i]);
+ for (i = 0; i < f->sizelocvars; i++) /* mark local-variable names */
+ markobjectN(g, f->locvars[i].varname);
+ return 1 + f->sizek + f->sizeupvalues + f->sizep + f->sizelocvars;
+}
+
+
+static int traverseCclosure (global_State *g, CClosure *cl) {
+ int i;
+ for (i = 0; i < cl->nupvalues; i++) /* mark its upvalues */
+ markvalue(g, &cl->upvalue[i]);
+ return 1 + cl->nupvalues;
+}
+
+/*
+** Traverse a Lua closure, marking its prototype and its upvalues.
+** (Both can be NULL while closure is being created.)
+*/
+static int traverseLclosure (global_State *g, LClosure *cl) {
+ int i;
+ markobjectN(g, cl->p); /* mark its prototype */
+ for (i = 0; i < cl->nupvalues; i++) { /* visit its upvalues */
+ UpVal *uv = cl->upvals[i];
+ markobjectN(g, uv); /* mark upvalue */
+ }
+ return 1 + cl->nupvalues;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Traverse a thread, marking the elements in the stack up to its top
+** and cleaning the rest of the stack in the final traversal. That
+** ensures that the entire stack have valid (non-dead) objects.
+** Threads have no barriers. In gen. mode, old threads must be visited
+** at every cycle, because they might point to young objects. In inc.
+** mode, the thread can still be modified before the end of the cycle,
+** and therefore it must be visited again in the atomic phase. To ensure
+** these visits, threads must return to a gray list if they are not new
+** (which can only happen in generational mode) or if the traverse is in
+** the propagate phase (which can only happen in incremental mode).
+*/
+static int traversethread (global_State *g, lua_State *th) {
+ UpVal *uv;
+ StkId o = th->stack.p;
+ if (isold(th) || g->gcstate == GCSpropagate)
+ linkgclist(th, g->grayagain); /* insert into 'grayagain' list */
+ if (o == NULL)
+ return 1; /* stack not completely built yet */
+ lua_assert(g->gcstate == GCSatomic ||
+ th->openupval == NULL || isintwups(th));
+ for (; o < th->top.p; o++) /* mark live elements in the stack */
+ markvalue(g, s2v(o));
+ for (uv = th->openupval; uv != NULL; uv = uv->u.open.next)
+ markobject(g, uv); /* open upvalues cannot be collected */
+ if (g->gcstate == GCSatomic) { /* final traversal? */
+ for (; o < th->stack_last.p + EXTRA_STACK; o++)
+ setnilvalue(s2v(o)); /* clear dead stack slice */
+ /* 'remarkupvals' may have removed thread from 'twups' list */
+ if (!isintwups(th) && th->openupval != NULL) {
+ th->twups = g->twups; /* link it back to the list */
+ g->twups = th;
+ }
+ }
+ else if (!g->gcemergency)
+ luaD_shrinkstack(th); /* do not change stack in emergency cycle */
+ return 1 + stacksize(th);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** traverse one gray object, turning it to black.
+*/
+static lu_mem propagatemark (global_State *g) {
+ GCObject *o = g->gray;
+ nw2black(o);
+ g->gray = *getgclist(o); /* remove from 'gray' list */
+ switch (o->tt) {
+ case LUA_VTABLE: return traversetable(g, gco2t(o));
+ case LUA_VUSERDATA: return traverseudata(g, gco2u(o));
+ case LUA_VLCL: return traverseLclosure(g, gco2lcl(o));
+ case LUA_VCCL: return traverseCclosure(g, gco2ccl(o));
+ case LUA_VPROTO: return traverseproto(g, gco2p(o));
+ case LUA_VTHREAD: return traversethread(g, gco2th(o));
+ default: lua_assert(0); return 0;
+ }
+}
+
+
+static lu_mem propagateall (global_State *g) {
+ lu_mem tot = 0;
+ while (g->gray)
+ tot += propagatemark(g);
+ return tot;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Traverse all ephemeron tables propagating marks from keys to values.
+** Repeat until it converges, that is, nothing new is marked. 'dir'
+** inverts the direction of the traversals, trying to speed up
+** convergence on chains in the same table.
+**
+*/
+static void convergeephemerons (global_State *g) {
+ int changed;
+ int dir = 0;
+ do {
+ GCObject *w;
+ GCObject *next = g->ephemeron; /* get ephemeron list */
+ g->ephemeron = NULL; /* tables may return to this list when traversed */
+ changed = 0;
+ while ((w = next) != NULL) { /* for each ephemeron table */
+ Table *h = gco2t(w);
+ next = h->gclist; /* list is rebuilt during loop */
+ nw2black(h); /* out of the list (for now) */
+ if (traverseephemeron(g, h, dir)) { /* marked some value? */
+ propagateall(g); /* propagate changes */
+ changed = 1; /* will have to revisit all ephemeron tables */
+ }
+ }
+ dir = !dir; /* invert direction next time */
+ } while (changed); /* repeat until no more changes */
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Sweep Functions
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+
+/*
+** clear entries with unmarked keys from all weaktables in list 'l'
+*/
+static void clearbykeys (global_State *g, GCObject *l) {
+ for (; l; l = gco2t(l)->gclist) {
+ Table *h = gco2t(l);
+ Node *limit = gnodelast(h);
+ Node *n;
+ for (n = gnode(h, 0); n < limit; n++) {
+ if (iscleared(g, gckeyN(n))) /* unmarked key? */
+ setempty(gval(n)); /* remove entry */
+ if (isempty(gval(n))) /* is entry empty? */
+ clearkey(n); /* clear its key */
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** clear entries with unmarked values from all weaktables in list 'l' up
+** to element 'f'
+*/
+static void clearbyvalues (global_State *g, GCObject *l, GCObject *f) {
+ for (; l != f; l = gco2t(l)->gclist) {
+ Table *h = gco2t(l);
+ Node *n, *limit = gnodelast(h);
+ unsigned int i;
+ unsigned int asize = luaH_realasize(h);
+ for (i = 0; i < asize; i++) {
+ TValue *o = &h->array[i];
+ if (iscleared(g, gcvalueN(o))) /* value was collected? */
+ setempty(o); /* remove entry */
+ }
+ for (n = gnode(h, 0); n < limit; n++) {
+ if (iscleared(g, gcvalueN(gval(n)))) /* unmarked value? */
+ setempty(gval(n)); /* remove entry */
+ if (isempty(gval(n))) /* is entry empty? */
+ clearkey(n); /* clear its key */
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void freeupval (lua_State *L, UpVal *uv) {
+ if (upisopen(uv))
+ luaF_unlinkupval(uv);
+ luaM_free(L, uv);
+}
+
+
+static void freeobj (lua_State *L, GCObject *o) {
+ switch (o->tt) {
+ case LUA_VPROTO:
+ luaF_freeproto(L, gco2p(o));
+ break;
+ case LUA_VUPVAL:
+ freeupval(L, gco2upv(o));
+ break;
+ case LUA_VLCL: {
+ LClosure *cl = gco2lcl(o);
+ luaM_freemem(L, cl, sizeLclosure(cl->nupvalues));
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_VCCL: {
+ CClosure *cl = gco2ccl(o);
+ luaM_freemem(L, cl, sizeCclosure(cl->nupvalues));
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_VTABLE:
+ luaH_free(L, gco2t(o));
+ break;
+ case LUA_VTHREAD:
+ luaE_freethread(L, gco2th(o));
+ break;
+ case LUA_VUSERDATA: {
+ Udata *u = gco2u(o);
+ luaM_freemem(L, o, sizeudata(u->nuvalue, u->len));
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_VSHRSTR: {
+ TString *ts = gco2ts(o);
+ luaS_remove(L, ts); /* remove it from hash table */
+ luaM_freemem(L, ts, sizelstring(ts->shrlen));
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_VLNGSTR: {
+ TString *ts = gco2ts(o);
+ luaM_freemem(L, ts, sizelstring(ts->u.lnglen));
+ break;
+ }
+ default: lua_assert(0);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** sweep at most 'countin' elements from a list of GCObjects erasing dead
+** objects, where a dead object is one marked with the old (non current)
+** white; change all non-dead objects back to white, preparing for next
+** collection cycle. Return where to continue the traversal or NULL if
+** list is finished. ('*countout' gets the number of elements traversed.)
+*/
+static GCObject **sweeplist (lua_State *L, GCObject **p, int countin,
+ int *countout) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ int ow = otherwhite(g);
+ int i;
+ int white = luaC_white(g); /* current white */
+ for (i = 0; *p != NULL && i < countin; i++) {
+ GCObject *curr = *p;
+ int marked = curr->marked;
+ if (isdeadm(ow, marked)) { /* is 'curr' dead? */
+ *p = curr->next; /* remove 'curr' from list */
+ freeobj(L, curr); /* erase 'curr' */
+ }
+ else { /* change mark to 'white' */
+ curr->marked = cast_byte((marked & ~maskgcbits) | white);
+ p = &curr->next; /* go to next element */
+ }
+ }
+ if (countout)
+ *countout = i; /* number of elements traversed */
+ return (*p == NULL) ? NULL : p;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** sweep a list until a live object (or end of list)
+*/
+static GCObject **sweeptolive (lua_State *L, GCObject **p) {
+ GCObject **old = p;
+ do {
+ p = sweeplist(L, p, 1, NULL);
+ } while (p == old);
+ return p;
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Finalization
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+** If possible, shrink string table.
+*/
+static void checkSizes (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
+ if (!g->gcemergency) {
+ if (g->strt.nuse < g->strt.size / 4) { /* string table too big? */
+ l_mem olddebt = g->GCdebt;
+ luaS_resize(L, g->strt.size / 2);
+ g->GCestimate += g->GCdebt - olddebt; /* correct estimate */
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Get the next udata to be finalized from the 'tobefnz' list, and
+** link it back into the 'allgc' list.
+*/
+static GCObject *udata2finalize (global_State *g) {
+ GCObject *o = g->tobefnz; /* get first element */
+ lua_assert(tofinalize(o));
+ g->tobefnz = o->next; /* remove it from 'tobefnz' list */
+ o->next = g->allgc; /* return it to 'allgc' list */
+ g->allgc = o;
+ resetbit(o->marked, FINALIZEDBIT); /* object is "normal" again */
+ if (issweepphase(g))
+ makewhite(g, o); /* "sweep" object */
+ else if (getage(o) == G_OLD1)
+ g->firstold1 = o; /* it is the first OLD1 object in the list */
+ return o;
+}
+
+
+static void dothecall (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
+ UNUSED(ud);
+ luaD_callnoyield(L, L->top.p - 2, 0);
+}
+
+
+static void GCTM (lua_State *L) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ const TValue *tm;
+ TValue v;
+ lua_assert(!g->gcemergency);
+ setgcovalue(L, &v, udata2finalize(g));
+ tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, &v, TM_GC);
+ if (!notm(tm)) { /* is there a finalizer? */
+ int status;
+ lu_byte oldah = L->allowhook;
+ int oldgcstp = g->gcstp;
+ g->gcstp |= GCSTPGC; /* avoid GC steps */
+ L->allowhook = 0; /* stop debug hooks during GC metamethod */
+ setobj2s(L, L->top.p++, tm); /* push finalizer... */
+ setobj2s(L, L->top.p++, &v); /* ... and its argument */
+ L->ci->callstatus |= CIST_FIN; /* will run a finalizer */
+ status = luaD_pcall(L, dothecall, NULL, savestack(L, L->top.p - 2), 0);
+ L->ci->callstatus &= ~CIST_FIN; /* not running a finalizer anymore */
+ L->allowhook = oldah; /* restore hooks */
+ g->gcstp = oldgcstp; /* restore state */
+ if (l_unlikely(status != LUA_OK)) { /* error while running __gc? */
+ luaE_warnerror(L, "__gc");
+ L->top.p--; /* pops error object */
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Call a few finalizers
+*/
+static int runafewfinalizers (lua_State *L, int n) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ int i;
+ for (i = 0; i < n && g->tobefnz; i++)
+ GCTM(L); /* call one finalizer */
+ return i;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** call all pending finalizers
+*/
+static void callallpendingfinalizers (lua_State *L) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ while (g->tobefnz)
+ GCTM(L);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** find last 'next' field in list 'p' list (to add elements in its end)
+*/
+static GCObject **findlast (GCObject **p) {
+ while (*p != NULL)
+ p = &(*p)->next;
+ return p;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Move all unreachable objects (or 'all' objects) that need
+** finalization from list 'finobj' to list 'tobefnz' (to be finalized).
+** (Note that objects after 'finobjold1' cannot be white, so they
+** don't need to be traversed. In incremental mode, 'finobjold1' is NULL,
+** so the whole list is traversed.)
+*/
+static void separatetobefnz (global_State *g, int all) {
+ GCObject *curr;
+ GCObject **p = &g->finobj;
+ GCObject **lastnext = findlast(&g->tobefnz);
+ while ((curr = *p) != g->finobjold1) { /* traverse all finalizable objects */
+ lua_assert(tofinalize(curr));
+ if (!(iswhite(curr) || all)) /* not being collected? */
+ p = &curr->next; /* don't bother with it */
+ else {
+ if (curr == g->finobjsur) /* removing 'finobjsur'? */
+ g->finobjsur = curr->next; /* correct it */
+ *p = curr->next; /* remove 'curr' from 'finobj' list */
+ curr->next = *lastnext; /* link at the end of 'tobefnz' list */
+ *lastnext = curr;
+ lastnext = &curr->next;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** If pointer 'p' points to 'o', move it to the next element.
+*/
+static void checkpointer (GCObject **p, GCObject *o) {
+ if (o == *p)
+ *p = o->next;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Correct pointers to objects inside 'allgc' list when
+** object 'o' is being removed from the list.
+*/
+static void correctpointers (global_State *g, GCObject *o) {
+ checkpointer(&g->survival, o);
+ checkpointer(&g->old1, o);
+ checkpointer(&g->reallyold, o);
+ checkpointer(&g->firstold1, o);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** if object 'o' has a finalizer, remove it from 'allgc' list (must
+** search the list to find it) and link it in 'finobj' list.
+*/
+void luaC_checkfinalizer (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, Table *mt) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ if (tofinalize(o) || /* obj. is already marked... */
+ gfasttm(g, mt, TM_GC) == NULL || /* or has no finalizer... */
+ (g->gcstp & GCSTPCLS)) /* or closing state? */
+ return; /* nothing to be done */
+ else { /* move 'o' to 'finobj' list */
+ GCObject **p;
+ if (issweepphase(g)) {
+ makewhite(g, o); /* "sweep" object 'o' */
+ if (g->sweepgc == &o->next) /* should not remove 'sweepgc' object */
+ g->sweepgc = sweeptolive(L, g->sweepgc); /* change 'sweepgc' */
+ }
+ else
+ correctpointers(g, o);
+ /* search for pointer pointing to 'o' */
+ for (p = &g->allgc; *p != o; p = &(*p)->next) { /* empty */ }
+ *p = o->next; /* remove 'o' from 'allgc' list */
+ o->next = g->finobj; /* link it in 'finobj' list */
+ g->finobj = o;
+ l_setbit(o->marked, FINALIZEDBIT); /* mark it as such */
+ }
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Generational Collector
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+
+/*
+** Set the "time" to wait before starting a new GC cycle; cycle will
+** start when memory use hits the threshold of ('estimate' * pause /
+** PAUSEADJ). (Division by 'estimate' should be OK: it cannot be zero,
+** because Lua cannot even start with less than PAUSEADJ bytes).
+*/
+static void setpause (global_State *g) {
+ l_mem threshold, debt;
+ int pause = getgcparam(g->gcpause);
+ l_mem estimate = g->GCestimate / PAUSEADJ; /* adjust 'estimate' */
+ lua_assert(estimate > 0);
+ threshold = (pause < MAX_LMEM / estimate) /* overflow? */
+ ? estimate * pause /* no overflow */
+ : MAX_LMEM; /* overflow; truncate to maximum */
+ debt = gettotalbytes(g) - threshold;
+ if (debt > 0) debt = 0;
+ luaE_setdebt(g, debt);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Sweep a list of objects to enter generational mode. Deletes dead
+** objects and turns the non dead to old. All non-dead threads---which
+** are now old---must be in a gray list. Everything else is not in a
+** gray list. Open upvalues are also kept gray.
+*/
+static void sweep2old (lua_State *L, GCObject **p) {
+ GCObject *curr;
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ while ((curr = *p) != NULL) {
+ if (iswhite(curr)) { /* is 'curr' dead? */
+ lua_assert(isdead(g, curr));
+ *p = curr->next; /* remove 'curr' from list */
+ freeobj(L, curr); /* erase 'curr' */
+ }
+ else { /* all surviving objects become old */
+ setage(curr, G_OLD);
+ if (curr->tt == LUA_VTHREAD) { /* threads must be watched */
+ lua_State *th = gco2th(curr);
+ linkgclist(th, g->grayagain); /* insert into 'grayagain' list */
+ }
+ else if (curr->tt == LUA_VUPVAL && upisopen(gco2upv(curr)))
+ set2gray(curr); /* open upvalues are always gray */
+ else /* everything else is black */
+ nw2black(curr);
+ p = &curr->next; /* go to next element */
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Sweep for generational mode. Delete dead objects. (Because the
+** collection is not incremental, there are no "new white" objects
+** during the sweep. So, any white object must be dead.) For
+** non-dead objects, advance their ages and clear the color of
+** new objects. (Old objects keep their colors.)
+** The ages of G_TOUCHED1 and G_TOUCHED2 objects cannot be advanced
+** here, because these old-generation objects are usually not swept
+** here. They will all be advanced in 'correctgraylist'. That function
+** will also remove objects turned white here from any gray list.
+*/
+static GCObject **sweepgen (lua_State *L, global_State *g, GCObject **p,
+ GCObject *limit, GCObject **pfirstold1) {
+ static const lu_byte nextage[] = {
+ G_SURVIVAL, /* from G_NEW */
+ G_OLD1, /* from G_SURVIVAL */
+ G_OLD1, /* from G_OLD0 */
+ G_OLD, /* from G_OLD1 */
+ G_OLD, /* from G_OLD (do not change) */
+ G_TOUCHED1, /* from G_TOUCHED1 (do not change) */
+ G_TOUCHED2 /* from G_TOUCHED2 (do not change) */
+ };
+ int white = luaC_white(g);
+ GCObject *curr;
+ while ((curr = *p) != limit) {
+ if (iswhite(curr)) { /* is 'curr' dead? */
+ lua_assert(!isold(curr) && isdead(g, curr));
+ *p = curr->next; /* remove 'curr' from list */
+ freeobj(L, curr); /* erase 'curr' */
+ }
+ else { /* correct mark and age */
+ if (getage(curr) == G_NEW) { /* new objects go back to white */
+ int marked = curr->marked & ~maskgcbits; /* erase GC bits */
+ curr->marked = cast_byte(marked | G_SURVIVAL | white);
+ }
+ else { /* all other objects will be old, and so keep their color */
+ setage(curr, nextage[getage(curr)]);
+ if (getage(curr) == G_OLD1 && *pfirstold1 == NULL)
+ *pfirstold1 = curr; /* first OLD1 object in the list */
+ }
+ p = &curr->next; /* go to next element */
+ }
+ }
+ return p;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Traverse a list making all its elements white and clearing their
+** age. In incremental mode, all objects are 'new' all the time,
+** except for fixed strings (which are always old).
+*/
+static void whitelist (global_State *g, GCObject *p) {
+ int white = luaC_white(g);
+ for (; p != NULL; p = p->next)
+ p->marked = cast_byte((p->marked & ~maskgcbits) | white);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Correct a list of gray objects. Return pointer to where rest of the
+** list should be linked.
+** Because this correction is done after sweeping, young objects might
+** be turned white and still be in the list. They are only removed.
+** 'TOUCHED1' objects are advanced to 'TOUCHED2' and remain on the list;
+** Non-white threads also remain on the list; 'TOUCHED2' objects become
+** regular old; they and anything else are removed from the list.
+*/
+static GCObject **correctgraylist (GCObject **p) {
+ GCObject *curr;
+ while ((curr = *p) != NULL) {
+ GCObject **next = getgclist(curr);
+ if (iswhite(curr))
+ goto remove; /* remove all white objects */
+ else if (getage(curr) == G_TOUCHED1) { /* touched in this cycle? */
+ lua_assert(isgray(curr));
+ nw2black(curr); /* make it black, for next barrier */
+ changeage(curr, G_TOUCHED1, G_TOUCHED2);
+ goto remain; /* keep it in the list and go to next element */
+ }
+ else if (curr->tt == LUA_VTHREAD) {
+ lua_assert(isgray(curr));
+ goto remain; /* keep non-white threads on the list */
+ }
+ else { /* everything else is removed */
+ lua_assert(isold(curr)); /* young objects should be white here */
+ if (getage(curr) == G_TOUCHED2) /* advance from TOUCHED2... */
+ changeage(curr, G_TOUCHED2, G_OLD); /* ... to OLD */
+ nw2black(curr); /* make object black (to be removed) */
+ goto remove;
+ }
+ remove: *p = *next; continue;
+ remain: p = next; continue;
+ }
+ return p;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Correct all gray lists, coalescing them into 'grayagain'.
+*/
+static void correctgraylists (global_State *g) {
+ GCObject **list = correctgraylist(&g->grayagain);
+ *list = g->weak; g->weak = NULL;
+ list = correctgraylist(list);
+ *list = g->allweak; g->allweak = NULL;
+ list = correctgraylist(list);
+ *list = g->ephemeron; g->ephemeron = NULL;
+ correctgraylist(list);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Mark black 'OLD1' objects when starting a new young collection.
+** Gray objects are already in some gray list, and so will be visited
+** in the atomic step.
+*/
+static void markold (global_State *g, GCObject *from, GCObject *to) {
+ GCObject *p;
+ for (p = from; p != to; p = p->next) {
+ if (getage(p) == G_OLD1) {
+ lua_assert(!iswhite(p));
+ changeage(p, G_OLD1, G_OLD); /* now they are old */
+ if (isblack(p))
+ reallymarkobject(g, p);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Finish a young-generation collection.
+*/
+static void finishgencycle (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
+ correctgraylists(g);
+ checkSizes(L, g);
+ g->gcstate = GCSpropagate; /* skip restart */
+ if (!g->gcemergency)
+ callallpendingfinalizers(L);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Does a young collection. First, mark 'OLD1' objects. Then does the
+** atomic step. Then, sweep all lists and advance pointers. Finally,
+** finish the collection.
+*/
+static void youngcollection (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
+ GCObject **psurvival; /* to point to first non-dead survival object */
+ GCObject *dummy; /* dummy out parameter to 'sweepgen' */
+ lua_assert(g->gcstate == GCSpropagate);
+ if (g->firstold1) { /* are there regular OLD1 objects? */
+ markold(g, g->firstold1, g->reallyold); /* mark them */
+ g->firstold1 = NULL; /* no more OLD1 objects (for now) */
+ }
+ markold(g, g->finobj, g->finobjrold);
+ markold(g, g->tobefnz, NULL);
+ atomic(L);
+
+ /* sweep nursery and get a pointer to its last live element */
+ g->gcstate = GCSswpallgc;
+ psurvival = sweepgen(L, g, &g->allgc, g->survival, &g->firstold1);
+ /* sweep 'survival' */
+ sweepgen(L, g, psurvival, g->old1, &g->firstold1);
+ g->reallyold = g->old1;
+ g->old1 = *psurvival; /* 'survival' survivals are old now */
+ g->survival = g->allgc; /* all news are survivals */
+
+ /* repeat for 'finobj' lists */
+ dummy = NULL; /* no 'firstold1' optimization for 'finobj' lists */
+ psurvival = sweepgen(L, g, &g->finobj, g->finobjsur, &dummy);
+ /* sweep 'survival' */
+ sweepgen(L, g, psurvival, g->finobjold1, &dummy);
+ g->finobjrold = g->finobjold1;
+ g->finobjold1 = *psurvival; /* 'survival' survivals are old now */
+ g->finobjsur = g->finobj; /* all news are survivals */
+
+ sweepgen(L, g, &g->tobefnz, NULL, &dummy);
+ finishgencycle(L, g);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Clears all gray lists, sweeps objects, and prepare sublists to enter
+** generational mode. The sweeps remove dead objects and turn all
+** surviving objects to old. Threads go back to 'grayagain'; everything
+** else is turned black (not in any gray list).
+*/
+static void atomic2gen (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
+ cleargraylists(g);
+ /* sweep all elements making them old */
+ g->gcstate = GCSswpallgc;
+ sweep2old(L, &g->allgc);
+ /* everything alive now is old */
+ g->reallyold = g->old1 = g->survival = g->allgc;
+ g->firstold1 = NULL; /* there are no OLD1 objects anywhere */
+
+ /* repeat for 'finobj' lists */
+ sweep2old(L, &g->finobj);
+ g->finobjrold = g->finobjold1 = g->finobjsur = g->finobj;
+
+ sweep2old(L, &g->tobefnz);
+
+ g->gckind = KGC_GEN;
+ g->lastatomic = 0;
+ g->GCestimate = gettotalbytes(g); /* base for memory control */
+ finishgencycle(L, g);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Set debt for the next minor collection, which will happen when
+** memory grows 'genminormul'%.
+*/
+static void setminordebt (global_State *g) {
+ luaE_setdebt(g, -(cast(l_mem, (gettotalbytes(g) / 100)) * g->genminormul));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Enter generational mode. Must go until the end of an atomic cycle
+** to ensure that all objects are correctly marked and weak tables
+** are cleared. Then, turn all objects into old and finishes the
+** collection.
+*/
+static lu_mem entergen (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
+ lu_mem numobjs;
+ luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpause)); /* prepare to start a new cycle */
+ luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpropagate)); /* start new cycle */
+ numobjs = atomic(L); /* propagates all and then do the atomic stuff */
+ atomic2gen(L, g);
+ setminordebt(g); /* set debt assuming next cycle will be minor */
+ return numobjs;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Enter incremental mode. Turn all objects white, make all
+** intermediate lists point to NULL (to avoid invalid pointers),
+** and go to the pause state.
+*/
+static void enterinc (global_State *g) {
+ whitelist(g, g->allgc);
+ g->reallyold = g->old1 = g->survival = NULL;
+ whitelist(g, g->finobj);
+ whitelist(g, g->tobefnz);
+ g->finobjrold = g->finobjold1 = g->finobjsur = NULL;
+ g->gcstate = GCSpause;
+ g->gckind = KGC_INC;
+ g->lastatomic = 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Change collector mode to 'newmode'.
+*/
+void luaC_changemode (lua_State *L, int newmode) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ if (newmode != g->gckind) {
+ if (newmode == KGC_GEN) /* entering generational mode? */
+ entergen(L, g);
+ else
+ enterinc(g); /* entering incremental mode */
+ }
+ g->lastatomic = 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Does a full collection in generational mode.
+*/
+static lu_mem fullgen (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
+ enterinc(g);
+ return entergen(L, g);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Does a major collection after last collection was a "bad collection".
+**
+** When the program is building a big structure, it allocates lots of
+** memory but generates very little garbage. In those scenarios,
+** the generational mode just wastes time doing small collections, and
+** major collections are frequently what we call a "bad collection", a
+** collection that frees too few objects. To avoid the cost of switching
+** between generational mode and the incremental mode needed for full
+** (major) collections, the collector tries to stay in incremental mode
+** after a bad collection, and to switch back to generational mode only
+** after a "good" collection (one that traverses less than 9/8 objects
+** of the previous one).
+** The collector must choose whether to stay in incremental mode or to
+** switch back to generational mode before sweeping. At this point, it
+** does not know the real memory in use, so it cannot use memory to
+** decide whether to return to generational mode. Instead, it uses the
+** number of objects traversed (returned by 'atomic') as a proxy. The
+** field 'g->lastatomic' keeps this count from the last collection.
+** ('g->lastatomic != 0' also means that the last collection was bad.)
+*/
+static void stepgenfull (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
+ lu_mem newatomic; /* count of traversed objects */
+ lu_mem lastatomic = g->lastatomic; /* count from last collection */
+ if (g->gckind == KGC_GEN) /* still in generational mode? */
+ enterinc(g); /* enter incremental mode */
+ luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpropagate)); /* start new cycle */
+ newatomic = atomic(L); /* mark everybody */
+ if (newatomic < lastatomic + (lastatomic >> 3)) { /* good collection? */
+ atomic2gen(L, g); /* return to generational mode */
+ setminordebt(g);
+ }
+ else { /* another bad collection; stay in incremental mode */
+ g->GCestimate = gettotalbytes(g); /* first estimate */;
+ entersweep(L);
+ luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpause)); /* finish collection */
+ setpause(g);
+ g->lastatomic = newatomic;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Does a generational "step".
+** Usually, this means doing a minor collection and setting the debt to
+** make another collection when memory grows 'genminormul'% larger.
+**
+** However, there are exceptions. If memory grows 'genmajormul'%
+** larger than it was at the end of the last major collection (kept
+** in 'g->GCestimate'), the function does a major collection. At the
+** end, it checks whether the major collection was able to free a
+** decent amount of memory (at least half the growth in memory since
+** previous major collection). If so, the collector keeps its state,
+** and the next collection will probably be minor again. Otherwise,
+** we have what we call a "bad collection". In that case, set the field
+** 'g->lastatomic' to signal that fact, so that the next collection will
+** go to 'stepgenfull'.
+**
+** 'GCdebt <= 0' means an explicit call to GC step with "size" zero;
+** in that case, do a minor collection.
+*/
+static void genstep (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
+ if (g->lastatomic != 0) /* last collection was a bad one? */
+ stepgenfull(L, g); /* do a full step */
+ else {
+ lu_mem majorbase = g->GCestimate; /* memory after last major collection */
+ lu_mem majorinc = (majorbase / 100) * getgcparam(g->genmajormul);
+ if (g->GCdebt > 0 && gettotalbytes(g) > majorbase + majorinc) {
+ lu_mem numobjs = fullgen(L, g); /* do a major collection */
+ if (gettotalbytes(g) < majorbase + (majorinc / 2)) {
+ /* collected at least half of memory growth since last major
+ collection; keep doing minor collections. */
+ lua_assert(g->lastatomic == 0);
+ }
+ else { /* bad collection */
+ g->lastatomic = numobjs; /* signal that last collection was bad */
+ setpause(g); /* do a long wait for next (major) collection */
+ }
+ }
+ else { /* regular case; do a minor collection */
+ youngcollection(L, g);
+ setminordebt(g);
+ g->GCestimate = majorbase; /* preserve base value */
+ }
+ }
+ lua_assert(isdecGCmodegen(g));
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** GC control
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+
+/*
+** Enter first sweep phase.
+** The call to 'sweeptolive' makes the pointer point to an object
+** inside the list (instead of to the header), so that the real sweep do
+** not need to skip objects created between "now" and the start of the
+** real sweep.
+*/
+static void entersweep (lua_State *L) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ g->gcstate = GCSswpallgc;
+ lua_assert(g->sweepgc == NULL);
+ g->sweepgc = sweeptolive(L, &g->allgc);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Delete all objects in list 'p' until (but not including) object
+** 'limit'.
+*/
+static void deletelist (lua_State *L, GCObject *p, GCObject *limit) {
+ while (p != limit) {
+ GCObject *next = p->next;
+ freeobj(L, p);
+ p = next;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Call all finalizers of the objects in the given Lua state, and
+** then free all objects, except for the main thread.
+*/
+void luaC_freeallobjects (lua_State *L) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ g->gcstp = GCSTPCLS; /* no extra finalizers after here */
+ luaC_changemode(L, KGC_INC);
+ separatetobefnz(g, 1); /* separate all objects with finalizers */
+ lua_assert(g->finobj == NULL);
+ callallpendingfinalizers(L);
+ deletelist(L, g->allgc, obj2gco(g->mainthread));
+ lua_assert(g->finobj == NULL); /* no new finalizers */
+ deletelist(L, g->fixedgc, NULL); /* collect fixed objects */
+ lua_assert(g->strt.nuse == 0);
+}
+
+
+static lu_mem atomic (lua_State *L) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ lu_mem work = 0;
+ GCObject *origweak, *origall;
+ GCObject *grayagain = g->grayagain; /* save original list */
+ g->grayagain = NULL;
+ lua_assert(g->ephemeron == NULL && g->weak == NULL);
+ lua_assert(!iswhite(g->mainthread));
+ g->gcstate = GCSatomic;
+ markobject(g, L); /* mark running thread */
+ /* registry and global metatables may be changed by API */
+ markvalue(g, &g->l_registry);
+ markmt(g); /* mark global metatables */
+ work += propagateall(g); /* empties 'gray' list */
+ /* remark occasional upvalues of (maybe) dead threads */
+ work += remarkupvals(g);
+ work += propagateall(g); /* propagate changes */
+ g->gray = grayagain;
+ work += propagateall(g); /* traverse 'grayagain' list */
+ convergeephemerons(g);
+ /* at this point, all strongly accessible objects are marked. */
+ /* Clear values from weak tables, before checking finalizers */
+ clearbyvalues(g, g->weak, NULL);
+ clearbyvalues(g, g->allweak, NULL);
+ origweak = g->weak; origall = g->allweak;
+ separatetobefnz(g, 0); /* separate objects to be finalized */
+ work += markbeingfnz(g); /* mark objects that will be finalized */
+ work += propagateall(g); /* remark, to propagate 'resurrection' */
+ convergeephemerons(g);
+ /* at this point, all resurrected objects are marked. */
+ /* remove dead objects from weak tables */
+ clearbykeys(g, g->ephemeron); /* clear keys from all ephemeron tables */
+ clearbykeys(g, g->allweak); /* clear keys from all 'allweak' tables */
+ /* clear values from resurrected weak tables */
+ clearbyvalues(g, g->weak, origweak);
+ clearbyvalues(g, g->allweak, origall);
+ luaS_clearcache(g);
+ g->currentwhite = cast_byte(otherwhite(g)); /* flip current white */
+ lua_assert(g->gray == NULL);
+ return work; /* estimate of slots marked by 'atomic' */
+}
+
+
+static int sweepstep (lua_State *L, global_State *g,
+ int nextstate, GCObject **nextlist) {
+ if (g->sweepgc) {
+ l_mem olddebt = g->GCdebt;
+ int count;
+ g->sweepgc = sweeplist(L, g->sweepgc, GCSWEEPMAX, &count);
+ g->GCestimate += g->GCdebt - olddebt; /* update estimate */
+ return count;
+ }
+ else { /* enter next state */
+ g->gcstate = nextstate;
+ g->sweepgc = nextlist;
+ return 0; /* no work done */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static lu_mem singlestep (lua_State *L) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ lu_mem work;
+ lua_assert(!g->gcstopem); /* collector is not reentrant */
+ g->gcstopem = 1; /* no emergency collections while collecting */
+ switch (g->gcstate) {
+ case GCSpause: {
+ restartcollection(g);
+ g->gcstate = GCSpropagate;
+ work = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ case GCSpropagate: {
+ if (g->gray == NULL) { /* no more gray objects? */
+ g->gcstate = GCSenteratomic; /* finish propagate phase */
+ work = 0;
+ }
+ else
+ work = propagatemark(g); /* traverse one gray object */
+ break;
+ }
+ case GCSenteratomic: {
+ work = atomic(L); /* work is what was traversed by 'atomic' */
+ entersweep(L);
+ g->GCestimate = gettotalbytes(g); /* first estimate */;
+ break;
+ }
+ case GCSswpallgc: { /* sweep "regular" objects */
+ work = sweepstep(L, g, GCSswpfinobj, &g->finobj);
+ break;
+ }
+ case GCSswpfinobj: { /* sweep objects with finalizers */
+ work = sweepstep(L, g, GCSswptobefnz, &g->tobefnz);
+ break;
+ }
+ case GCSswptobefnz: { /* sweep objects to be finalized */
+ work = sweepstep(L, g, GCSswpend, NULL);
+ break;
+ }
+ case GCSswpend: { /* finish sweeps */
+ checkSizes(L, g);
+ g->gcstate = GCScallfin;
+ work = 0;
+ break;
+ }
+ case GCScallfin: { /* call remaining finalizers */
+ if (g->tobefnz && !g->gcemergency) {
+ g->gcstopem = 0; /* ok collections during finalizers */
+ work = runafewfinalizers(L, GCFINMAX) * GCFINALIZECOST;
+ }
+ else { /* emergency mode or no more finalizers */
+ g->gcstate = GCSpause; /* finish collection */
+ work = 0;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ default: lua_assert(0); return 0;
+ }
+ g->gcstopem = 0;
+ return work;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** advances the garbage collector until it reaches a state allowed
+** by 'statemask'
+*/
+void luaC_runtilstate (lua_State *L, int statesmask) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ while (!testbit(statesmask, g->gcstate))
+ singlestep(L);
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+** Performs a basic incremental step. The debt and step size are
+** converted from bytes to "units of work"; then the function loops
+** running single steps until adding that many units of work or
+** finishing a cycle (pause state). Finally, it sets the debt that
+** controls when next step will be performed.
+*/
+static void incstep (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
+ int stepmul = (getgcparam(g->gcstepmul) | 1); /* avoid division by 0 */
+ l_mem debt = (g->GCdebt / WORK2MEM) * stepmul;
+ l_mem stepsize = (g->gcstepsize <= log2maxs(l_mem))
+ ? ((cast(l_mem, 1) << g->gcstepsize) / WORK2MEM) * stepmul
+ : MAX_LMEM; /* overflow; keep maximum value */
+ do { /* repeat until pause or enough "credit" (negative debt) */
+ lu_mem work = singlestep(L); /* perform one single step */
+ debt -= work;
+ } while (debt > -stepsize && g->gcstate != GCSpause);
+ if (g->gcstate == GCSpause)
+ setpause(g); /* pause until next cycle */
+ else {
+ debt = (debt / stepmul) * WORK2MEM; /* convert 'work units' to bytes */
+ luaE_setdebt(g, debt);
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+** Performs a basic GC step if collector is running. (If collector is
+** not running, set a reasonable debt to avoid it being called at
+** every single check.)
+*/
+void luaC_step (lua_State *L) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ if (!gcrunning(g)) /* not running? */
+ luaE_setdebt(g, -2000);
+ else {
+ if(isdecGCmodegen(g))
+ genstep(L, g);
+ else
+ incstep(L, g);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Perform a full collection in incremental mode.
+** Before running the collection, check 'keepinvariant'; if it is true,
+** there may be some objects marked as black, so the collector has
+** to sweep all objects to turn them back to white (as white has not
+** changed, nothing will be collected).
+*/
+static void fullinc (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
+ if (keepinvariant(g)) /* black objects? */
+ entersweep(L); /* sweep everything to turn them back to white */
+ /* finish any pending sweep phase to start a new cycle */
+ luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpause));
+ luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCScallfin)); /* run up to finalizers */
+ /* estimate must be correct after a full GC cycle */
+ lua_assert(g->GCestimate == gettotalbytes(g));
+ luaC_runtilstate(L, bitmask(GCSpause)); /* finish collection */
+ setpause(g);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Performs a full GC cycle; if 'isemergency', set a flag to avoid
+** some operations which could change the interpreter state in some
+** unexpected ways (running finalizers and shrinking some structures).
+*/
+void luaC_fullgc (lua_State *L, int isemergency) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ lua_assert(!g->gcemergency);
+ g->gcemergency = isemergency; /* set flag */
+ if (g->gckind == KGC_INC)
+ fullinc(L, g);
+ else
+ fullgen(L, g);
+ g->gcemergency = 0;
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lgc.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lgc.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..538f6ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lgc.h
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lgc.h $
+** Garbage Collector
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef lgc_h
+#define lgc_h
+
+
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+
+/*
+** Collectable objects may have one of three colors: white, which means
+** the object is not marked; gray, which means the object is marked, but
+** its references may be not marked; and black, which means that the
+** object and all its references are marked. The main invariant of the
+** garbage collector, while marking objects, is that a black object can
+** never point to a white one. Moreover, any gray object must be in a
+** "gray list" (gray, grayagain, weak, allweak, ephemeron) so that it
+** can be visited again before finishing the collection cycle. (Open
+** upvalues are an exception to this rule.) These lists have no meaning
+** when the invariant is not being enforced (e.g., sweep phase).
+*/
+
+
+/*
+** Possible states of the Garbage Collector
+*/
+#define GCSpropagate 0
+#define GCSenteratomic 1
+#define GCSatomic 2
+#define GCSswpallgc 3
+#define GCSswpfinobj 4
+#define GCSswptobefnz 5
+#define GCSswpend 6
+#define GCScallfin 7
+#define GCSpause 8
+
+
+#define issweepphase(g) \
+ (GCSswpallgc <= (g)->gcstate && (g)->gcstate <= GCSswpend)
+
+
+/*
+** macro to tell when main invariant (white objects cannot point to black
+** ones) must be kept. During a collection, the sweep
+** phase may break the invariant, as objects turned white may point to
+** still-black objects. The invariant is restored when sweep ends and
+** all objects are white again.
+*/
+
+#define keepinvariant(g) ((g)->gcstate <= GCSatomic)
+
+
+/*
+** some useful bit tricks
+*/
+#define resetbits(x,m) ((x) &= cast_byte(~(m)))
+#define setbits(x,m) ((x) |= (m))
+#define testbits(x,m) ((x) & (m))
+#define bitmask(b) (1<<(b))
+#define bit2mask(b1,b2) (bitmask(b1) | bitmask(b2))
+#define l_setbit(x,b) setbits(x, bitmask(b))
+#define resetbit(x,b) resetbits(x, bitmask(b))
+#define testbit(x,b) testbits(x, bitmask(b))
+
+
+/*
+** Layout for bit use in 'marked' field. First three bits are
+** used for object "age" in generational mode. Last bit is used
+** by tests.
+*/
+#define WHITE0BIT 3 /* object is white (type 0) */
+#define WHITE1BIT 4 /* object is white (type 1) */
+#define BLACKBIT 5 /* object is black */
+#define FINALIZEDBIT 6 /* object has been marked for finalization */
+
+#define TESTBIT 7
+
+
+
+#define WHITEBITS bit2mask(WHITE0BIT, WHITE1BIT)
+
+
+#define iswhite(x) testbits((x)->marked, WHITEBITS)
+#define isblack(x) testbit((x)->marked, BLACKBIT)
+#define isgray(x) /* neither white nor black */ \
+ (!testbits((x)->marked, WHITEBITS | bitmask(BLACKBIT)))
+
+#define tofinalize(x) testbit((x)->marked, FINALIZEDBIT)
+
+#define otherwhite(g) ((g)->currentwhite ^ WHITEBITS)
+#define isdeadm(ow,m) ((m) & (ow))
+#define isdead(g,v) isdeadm(otherwhite(g), (v)->marked)
+
+#define changewhite(x) ((x)->marked ^= WHITEBITS)
+#define nw2black(x) \
+ check_exp(!iswhite(x), l_setbit((x)->marked, BLACKBIT))
+
+#define luaC_white(g) cast_byte((g)->currentwhite & WHITEBITS)
+
+
+/* object age in generational mode */
+#define G_NEW 0 /* created in current cycle */
+#define G_SURVIVAL 1 /* created in previous cycle */
+#define G_OLD0 2 /* marked old by frw. barrier in this cycle */
+#define G_OLD1 3 /* first full cycle as old */
+#define G_OLD 4 /* really old object (not to be visited) */
+#define G_TOUCHED1 5 /* old object touched this cycle */
+#define G_TOUCHED2 6 /* old object touched in previous cycle */
+
+#define AGEBITS 7 /* all age bits (111) */
+
+#define getage(o) ((o)->marked & AGEBITS)
+#define setage(o,a) ((o)->marked = cast_byte(((o)->marked & (~AGEBITS)) | a))
+#define isold(o) (getage(o) > G_SURVIVAL)
+
+#define changeage(o,f,t) \
+ check_exp(getage(o) == (f), (o)->marked ^= ((f)^(t)))
+
+
+/* Default Values for GC parameters */
+#define LUAI_GENMAJORMUL 100
+#define LUAI_GENMINORMUL 20
+
+/* wait memory to double before starting new cycle */
+#define LUAI_GCPAUSE 200
+
+/*
+** some gc parameters are stored divided by 4 to allow a maximum value
+** up to 1023 in a 'lu_byte'.
+*/
+#define getgcparam(p) ((p) * 4)
+#define setgcparam(p,v) ((p) = (v) / 4)
+
+#define LUAI_GCMUL 100
+
+/* how much to allocate before next GC step (log2) */
+#define LUAI_GCSTEPSIZE 13 /* 8 KB */
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether the declared GC mode is generational. While in
+** generational mode, the collector can go temporarily to incremental
+** mode to improve performance. This is signaled by 'g->lastatomic != 0'.
+*/
+#define isdecGCmodegen(g) (g->gckind == KGC_GEN || g->lastatomic != 0)
+
+
+/*
+** Control when GC is running:
+*/
+#define GCSTPUSR 1 /* bit true when GC stopped by user */
+#define GCSTPGC 2 /* bit true when GC stopped by itself */
+#define GCSTPCLS 4 /* bit true when closing Lua state */
+#define gcrunning(g) ((g)->gcstp == 0)
+
+
+/*
+** Does one step of collection when debt becomes positive. 'pre'/'pos'
+** allows some adjustments to be done only when needed. macro
+** 'condchangemem' is used only for heavy tests (forcing a full
+** GC cycle on every opportunity)
+*/
+#define luaC_condGC(L,pre,pos) \
+ { if (G(L)->GCdebt > 0) { pre; luaC_step(L); pos;}; \
+ condchangemem(L,pre,pos); }
+
+/* more often than not, 'pre'/'pos' are empty */
+#define luaC_checkGC(L) luaC_condGC(L,(void)0,(void)0)
+
+
+#define luaC_objbarrier(L,p,o) ( \
+ (isblack(p) && iswhite(o)) ? \
+ luaC_barrier_(L,obj2gco(p),obj2gco(o)) : cast_void(0))
+
+#define luaC_barrier(L,p,v) ( \
+ iscollectable(v) ? luaC_objbarrier(L,p,gcvalue(v)) : cast_void(0))
+
+#define luaC_objbarrierback(L,p,o) ( \
+ (isblack(p) && iswhite(o)) ? luaC_barrierback_(L,p) : cast_void(0))
+
+#define luaC_barrierback(L,p,v) ( \
+ iscollectable(v) ? luaC_objbarrierback(L, p, gcvalue(v)) : cast_void(0))
+
+LUAI_FUNC void luaC_fix (lua_State *L, GCObject *o);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaC_freeallobjects (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaC_step (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaC_runtilstate (lua_State *L, int statesmask);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaC_fullgc (lua_State *L, int isemergency);
+LUAI_FUNC GCObject *luaC_newobj (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz);
+LUAI_FUNC GCObject *luaC_newobjdt (lua_State *L, int tt, size_t sz,
+ size_t offset);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaC_barrier_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, GCObject *v);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaC_barrierback_ (lua_State *L, GCObject *o);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaC_checkfinalizer (lua_State *L, GCObject *o, Table *mt);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaC_changemode (lua_State *L, int newmode);
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/linit.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/linit.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..69808f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/linit.c
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+** $Id: linit.c $
+** Initialization of libraries for lua.c and other clients
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+
+#define linit_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+/*
+** If you embed Lua in your program and need to open the standard
+** libraries, call luaL_openlibs in your program. If you need a
+** different set of libraries, copy this file to your project and edit
+** it to suit your needs.
+**
+** You can also *preload* libraries, so that a later 'require' can
+** open the library, which is already linked to the application.
+** For that, do the following code:
+**
+** luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE);
+** lua_pushcfunction(L, luaopen_modname);
+** lua_setfield(L, -2, modname);
+** lua_pop(L, 1); // remove PRELOAD table
+*/
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lualib.h"
+#include "lauxlib.h"
+
+
+/*
+** these libs are loaded by lua.c and are readily available to any Lua
+** program
+*/
+static const luaL_Reg loadedlibs[] = {
+ {LUA_GNAME, luaopen_base},
+ {LUA_LOADLIBNAME, luaopen_package},
+ {LUA_COLIBNAME, luaopen_coroutine},
+ {LUA_TABLIBNAME, luaopen_table},
+ {LUA_IOLIBNAME, luaopen_io},
+ {LUA_OSLIBNAME, luaopen_os},
+ {LUA_STRLIBNAME, luaopen_string},
+ {LUA_MATHLIBNAME, luaopen_math},
+ {LUA_UTF8LIBNAME, luaopen_utf8},
+ {LUA_DBLIBNAME, luaopen_debug},
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+
+LUALIB_API void luaL_openlibs (lua_State *L) {
+ const luaL_Reg *lib;
+ /* "require" functions from 'loadedlibs' and set results to global table */
+ for (lib = loadedlibs; lib->func; lib++) {
+ luaL_requiref(L, lib->name, lib->func, 1);
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove lib */
+ }
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/liolib.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/liolib.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b08397d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/liolib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,828 @@
+/*
+** $Id: liolib.c $
+** Standard I/O (and system) library
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define liolib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lauxlib.h"
+#include "lualib.h"
+
+
+
+
+/*
+** Change this macro to accept other modes for 'fopen' besides
+** the standard ones.
+*/
+#if !defined(l_checkmode)
+
+/* accepted extensions to 'mode' in 'fopen' */
+#if !defined(L_MODEEXT)
+#define L_MODEEXT "b"
+#endif
+
+/* Check whether 'mode' matches '[rwa]%+?[L_MODEEXT]*' */
+static int l_checkmode (const char *mode) {
+ return (*mode != '\0' && strchr("rwa", *(mode++)) != NULL &&
+ (*mode != '+' || ((void)(++mode), 1)) && /* skip if char is '+' */
+ (strspn(mode, L_MODEEXT) == strlen(mode))); /* check extensions */
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** l_popen spawns a new process connected to the current
+** one through the file streams.
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+#if !defined(l_popen) /* { */
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* { */
+
+#define l_popen(L,c,m) (fflush(NULL), popen(c,m))
+#define l_pclose(L,file) (pclose(file))
+
+#elif defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS) /* }{ */
+
+#define l_popen(L,c,m) (_popen(c,m))
+#define l_pclose(L,file) (_pclose(file))
+
+#if !defined(l_checkmodep)
+/* Windows accepts "[rw][bt]?" as valid modes */
+#define l_checkmodep(m) ((m[0] == 'r' || m[0] == 'w') && \
+ (m[1] == '\0' || ((m[1] == 'b' || m[1] == 't') && m[2] == '\0')))
+#endif
+
+#else /* }{ */
+
+/* ISO C definitions */
+#define l_popen(L,c,m) \
+ ((void)c, (void)m, \
+ luaL_error(L, "'popen' not supported"), \
+ (FILE*)0)
+#define l_pclose(L,file) ((void)L, (void)file, -1)
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+#if !defined(l_checkmodep)
+/* By default, Lua accepts only "r" or "w" as valid modes */
+#define l_checkmodep(m) ((m[0] == 'r' || m[0] == 'w') && m[1] == '\0')
+#endif
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+#if !defined(l_getc) /* { */
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX)
+#define l_getc(f) getc_unlocked(f)
+#define l_lockfile(f) flockfile(f)
+#define l_unlockfile(f) funlockfile(f)
+#else
+#define l_getc(f) getc(f)
+#define l_lockfile(f) ((void)0)
+#define l_unlockfile(f) ((void)0)
+#endif
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** l_fseek: configuration for longer offsets
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+#if !defined(l_fseek) /* { */
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* { */
+
+#include
+
+#define l_fseek(f,o,w) fseeko(f,o,w)
+#define l_ftell(f) ftello(f)
+#define l_seeknum off_t
+
+#elif defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS) && !defined(_CRTIMP_TYPEINFO) \
+ && defined(_MSC_VER) && (_MSC_VER >= 1400) /* }{ */
+
+/* Windows (but not DDK) and Visual C++ 2005 or higher */
+#define l_fseek(f,o,w) _fseeki64(f,o,w)
+#define l_ftell(f) _ftelli64(f)
+#define l_seeknum __int64
+
+#else /* }{ */
+
+/* ISO C definitions */
+#define l_fseek(f,o,w) fseek(f,o,w)
+#define l_ftell(f) ftell(f)
+#define l_seeknum long
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+
+#define IO_PREFIX "_IO_"
+#define IOPREF_LEN (sizeof(IO_PREFIX)/sizeof(char) - 1)
+#define IO_INPUT (IO_PREFIX "input")
+#define IO_OUTPUT (IO_PREFIX "output")
+
+
+typedef luaL_Stream LStream;
+
+
+#define tolstream(L) ((LStream *)luaL_checkudata(L, 1, LUA_FILEHANDLE))
+
+#define isclosed(p) ((p)->closef == NULL)
+
+
+static int io_type (lua_State *L) {
+ LStream *p;
+ luaL_checkany(L, 1);
+ p = (LStream *)luaL_testudata(L, 1, LUA_FILEHANDLE);
+ if (p == NULL)
+ luaL_pushfail(L); /* not a file */
+ else if (isclosed(p))
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "closed file");
+ else
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "file");
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int f_tostring (lua_State *L) {
+ LStream *p = tolstream(L);
+ if (isclosed(p))
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "file (closed)");
+ else
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "file (%p)", p->f);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static FILE *tofile (lua_State *L) {
+ LStream *p = tolstream(L);
+ if (l_unlikely(isclosed(p)))
+ luaL_error(L, "attempt to use a closed file");
+ lua_assert(p->f);
+ return p->f;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** When creating file handles, always creates a 'closed' file handle
+** before opening the actual file; so, if there is a memory error, the
+** handle is in a consistent state.
+*/
+static LStream *newprefile (lua_State *L) {
+ LStream *p = (LStream *)lua_newuserdatauv(L, sizeof(LStream), 0);
+ p->closef = NULL; /* mark file handle as 'closed' */
+ luaL_setmetatable(L, LUA_FILEHANDLE);
+ return p;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Calls the 'close' function from a file handle. The 'volatile' avoids
+** a bug in some versions of the Clang compiler (e.g., clang 3.0 for
+** 32 bits).
+*/
+static int aux_close (lua_State *L) {
+ LStream *p = tolstream(L);
+ volatile lua_CFunction cf = p->closef;
+ p->closef = NULL; /* mark stream as closed */
+ return (*cf)(L); /* close it */
+}
+
+
+static int f_close (lua_State *L) {
+ tofile(L); /* make sure argument is an open stream */
+ return aux_close(L);
+}
+
+
+static int io_close (lua_State *L) {
+ if (lua_isnone(L, 1)) /* no argument? */
+ lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, IO_OUTPUT); /* use default output */
+ return f_close(L);
+}
+
+
+static int f_gc (lua_State *L) {
+ LStream *p = tolstream(L);
+ if (!isclosed(p) && p->f != NULL)
+ aux_close(L); /* ignore closed and incompletely open files */
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** function to close regular files
+*/
+static int io_fclose (lua_State *L) {
+ LStream *p = tolstream(L);
+ int res = fclose(p->f);
+ return luaL_fileresult(L, (res == 0), NULL);
+}
+
+
+static LStream *newfile (lua_State *L) {
+ LStream *p = newprefile(L);
+ p->f = NULL;
+ p->closef = &io_fclose;
+ return p;
+}
+
+
+static void opencheck (lua_State *L, const char *fname, const char *mode) {
+ LStream *p = newfile(L);
+ p->f = fopen(fname, mode);
+ if (l_unlikely(p->f == NULL))
+ luaL_error(L, "cannot open file '%s' (%s)", fname, strerror(errno));
+}
+
+
+static int io_open (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *filename = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
+ const char *mode = luaL_optstring(L, 2, "r");
+ LStream *p = newfile(L);
+ const char *md = mode; /* to traverse/check mode */
+ luaL_argcheck(L, l_checkmode(md), 2, "invalid mode");
+ p->f = fopen(filename, mode);
+ return (p->f == NULL) ? luaL_fileresult(L, 0, filename) : 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** function to close 'popen' files
+*/
+static int io_pclose (lua_State *L) {
+ LStream *p = tolstream(L);
+ errno = 0;
+ return luaL_execresult(L, l_pclose(L, p->f));
+}
+
+
+static int io_popen (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *filename = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
+ const char *mode = luaL_optstring(L, 2, "r");
+ LStream *p = newprefile(L);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, l_checkmodep(mode), 2, "invalid mode");
+ p->f = l_popen(L, filename, mode);
+ p->closef = &io_pclose;
+ return (p->f == NULL) ? luaL_fileresult(L, 0, filename) : 1;
+}
+
+
+static int io_tmpfile (lua_State *L) {
+ LStream *p = newfile(L);
+ p->f = tmpfile();
+ return (p->f == NULL) ? luaL_fileresult(L, 0, NULL) : 1;
+}
+
+
+static FILE *getiofile (lua_State *L, const char *findex) {
+ LStream *p;
+ lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, findex);
+ p = (LStream *)lua_touserdata(L, -1);
+ if (l_unlikely(isclosed(p)))
+ luaL_error(L, "default %s file is closed", findex + IOPREF_LEN);
+ return p->f;
+}
+
+
+static int g_iofile (lua_State *L, const char *f, const char *mode) {
+ if (!lua_isnoneornil(L, 1)) {
+ const char *filename = lua_tostring(L, 1);
+ if (filename)
+ opencheck(L, filename, mode);
+ else {
+ tofile(L); /* check that it's a valid file handle */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, 1);
+ }
+ lua_setfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, f);
+ }
+ /* return current value */
+ lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, f);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int io_input (lua_State *L) {
+ return g_iofile(L, IO_INPUT, "r");
+}
+
+
+static int io_output (lua_State *L) {
+ return g_iofile(L, IO_OUTPUT, "w");
+}
+
+
+static int io_readline (lua_State *L);
+
+
+/*
+** maximum number of arguments to 'f:lines'/'io.lines' (it + 3 must fit
+** in the limit for upvalues of a closure)
+*/
+#define MAXARGLINE 250
+
+/*
+** Auxiliary function to create the iteration function for 'lines'.
+** The iteration function is a closure over 'io_readline', with
+** the following upvalues:
+** 1) The file being read (first value in the stack)
+** 2) the number of arguments to read
+** 3) a boolean, true iff file has to be closed when finished ('toclose')
+** *) a variable number of format arguments (rest of the stack)
+*/
+static void aux_lines (lua_State *L, int toclose) {
+ int n = lua_gettop(L) - 1; /* number of arguments to read */
+ luaL_argcheck(L, n <= MAXARGLINE, MAXARGLINE + 2, "too many arguments");
+ lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* file */
+ lua_pushinteger(L, n); /* number of arguments to read */
+ lua_pushboolean(L, toclose); /* close/not close file when finished */
+ lua_rotate(L, 2, 3); /* move the three values to their positions */
+ lua_pushcclosure(L, io_readline, 3 + n);
+}
+
+
+static int f_lines (lua_State *L) {
+ tofile(L); /* check that it's a valid file handle */
+ aux_lines(L, 0);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Return an iteration function for 'io.lines'. If file has to be
+** closed, also returns the file itself as a second result (to be
+** closed as the state at the exit of a generic for).
+*/
+static int io_lines (lua_State *L) {
+ int toclose;
+ if (lua_isnone(L, 1)) lua_pushnil(L); /* at least one argument */
+ if (lua_isnil(L, 1)) { /* no file name? */
+ lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, IO_INPUT); /* get default input */
+ lua_replace(L, 1); /* put it at index 1 */
+ tofile(L); /* check that it's a valid file handle */
+ toclose = 0; /* do not close it after iteration */
+ }
+ else { /* open a new file */
+ const char *filename = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
+ opencheck(L, filename, "r");
+ lua_replace(L, 1); /* put file at index 1 */
+ toclose = 1; /* close it after iteration */
+ }
+ aux_lines(L, toclose); /* push iteration function */
+ if (toclose) {
+ lua_pushnil(L); /* state */
+ lua_pushnil(L); /* control */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* file is the to-be-closed variable (4th result) */
+ return 4;
+ }
+ else
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** READ
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+
+/* maximum length of a numeral */
+#if !defined (L_MAXLENNUM)
+#define L_MAXLENNUM 200
+#endif
+
+
+/* auxiliary structure used by 'read_number' */
+typedef struct {
+ FILE *f; /* file being read */
+ int c; /* current character (look ahead) */
+ int n; /* number of elements in buffer 'buff' */
+ char buff[L_MAXLENNUM + 1]; /* +1 for ending '\0' */
+} RN;
+
+
+/*
+** Add current char to buffer (if not out of space) and read next one
+*/
+static int nextc (RN *rn) {
+ if (l_unlikely(rn->n >= L_MAXLENNUM)) { /* buffer overflow? */
+ rn->buff[0] = '\0'; /* invalidate result */
+ return 0; /* fail */
+ }
+ else {
+ rn->buff[rn->n++] = rn->c; /* save current char */
+ rn->c = l_getc(rn->f); /* read next one */
+ return 1;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Accept current char if it is in 'set' (of size 2)
+*/
+static int test2 (RN *rn, const char *set) {
+ if (rn->c == set[0] || rn->c == set[1])
+ return nextc(rn);
+ else return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Read a sequence of (hex)digits
+*/
+static int readdigits (RN *rn, int hex) {
+ int count = 0;
+ while ((hex ? isxdigit(rn->c) : isdigit(rn->c)) && nextc(rn))
+ count++;
+ return count;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Read a number: first reads a valid prefix of a numeral into a buffer.
+** Then it calls 'lua_stringtonumber' to check whether the format is
+** correct and to convert it to a Lua number.
+*/
+static int read_number (lua_State *L, FILE *f) {
+ RN rn;
+ int count = 0;
+ int hex = 0;
+ char decp[2];
+ rn.f = f; rn.n = 0;
+ decp[0] = lua_getlocaledecpoint(); /* get decimal point from locale */
+ decp[1] = '.'; /* always accept a dot */
+ l_lockfile(rn.f);
+ do { rn.c = l_getc(rn.f); } while (isspace(rn.c)); /* skip spaces */
+ test2(&rn, "-+"); /* optional sign */
+ if (test2(&rn, "00")) {
+ if (test2(&rn, "xX")) hex = 1; /* numeral is hexadecimal */
+ else count = 1; /* count initial '0' as a valid digit */
+ }
+ count += readdigits(&rn, hex); /* integral part */
+ if (test2(&rn, decp)) /* decimal point? */
+ count += readdigits(&rn, hex); /* fractional part */
+ if (count > 0 && test2(&rn, (hex ? "pP" : "eE"))) { /* exponent mark? */
+ test2(&rn, "-+"); /* exponent sign */
+ readdigits(&rn, 0); /* exponent digits */
+ }
+ ungetc(rn.c, rn.f); /* unread look-ahead char */
+ l_unlockfile(rn.f);
+ rn.buff[rn.n] = '\0'; /* finish string */
+ if (l_likely(lua_stringtonumber(L, rn.buff)))
+ return 1; /* ok, it is a valid number */
+ else { /* invalid format */
+ lua_pushnil(L); /* "result" to be removed */
+ return 0; /* read fails */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int test_eof (lua_State *L, FILE *f) {
+ int c = getc(f);
+ ungetc(c, f); /* no-op when c == EOF */
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "");
+ return (c != EOF);
+}
+
+
+static int read_line (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int chop) {
+ luaL_Buffer b;
+ int c;
+ luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
+ do { /* may need to read several chunks to get whole line */
+ char *buff = luaL_prepbuffer(&b); /* preallocate buffer space */
+ int i = 0;
+ l_lockfile(f); /* no memory errors can happen inside the lock */
+ while (i < LUAL_BUFFERSIZE && (c = l_getc(f)) != EOF && c != '\n')
+ buff[i++] = c; /* read up to end of line or buffer limit */
+ l_unlockfile(f);
+ luaL_addsize(&b, i);
+ } while (c != EOF && c != '\n'); /* repeat until end of line */
+ if (!chop && c == '\n') /* want a newline and have one? */
+ luaL_addchar(&b, c); /* add ending newline to result */
+ luaL_pushresult(&b); /* close buffer */
+ /* return ok if read something (either a newline or something else) */
+ return (c == '\n' || lua_rawlen(L, -1) > 0);
+}
+
+
+static void read_all (lua_State *L, FILE *f) {
+ size_t nr;
+ luaL_Buffer b;
+ luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
+ do { /* read file in chunks of LUAL_BUFFERSIZE bytes */
+ char *p = luaL_prepbuffer(&b);
+ nr = fread(p, sizeof(char), LUAL_BUFFERSIZE, f);
+ luaL_addsize(&b, nr);
+ } while (nr == LUAL_BUFFERSIZE);
+ luaL_pushresult(&b); /* close buffer */
+}
+
+
+static int read_chars (lua_State *L, FILE *f, size_t n) {
+ size_t nr; /* number of chars actually read */
+ char *p;
+ luaL_Buffer b;
+ luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
+ p = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, n); /* prepare buffer to read whole block */
+ nr = fread(p, sizeof(char), n, f); /* try to read 'n' chars */
+ luaL_addsize(&b, nr);
+ luaL_pushresult(&b); /* close buffer */
+ return (nr > 0); /* true iff read something */
+}
+
+
+static int g_read (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int first) {
+ int nargs = lua_gettop(L) - 1;
+ int n, success;
+ clearerr(f);
+ if (nargs == 0) { /* no arguments? */
+ success = read_line(L, f, 1);
+ n = first + 1; /* to return 1 result */
+ }
+ else {
+ /* ensure stack space for all results and for auxlib's buffer */
+ luaL_checkstack(L, nargs+LUA_MINSTACK, "too many arguments");
+ success = 1;
+ for (n = first; nargs-- && success; n++) {
+ if (lua_type(L, n) == LUA_TNUMBER) {
+ size_t l = (size_t)luaL_checkinteger(L, n);
+ success = (l == 0) ? test_eof(L, f) : read_chars(L, f, l);
+ }
+ else {
+ const char *p = luaL_checkstring(L, n);
+ if (*p == '*') p++; /* skip optional '*' (for compatibility) */
+ switch (*p) {
+ case 'n': /* number */
+ success = read_number(L, f);
+ break;
+ case 'l': /* line */
+ success = read_line(L, f, 1);
+ break;
+ case 'L': /* line with end-of-line */
+ success = read_line(L, f, 0);
+ break;
+ case 'a': /* file */
+ read_all(L, f); /* read entire file */
+ success = 1; /* always success */
+ break;
+ default:
+ return luaL_argerror(L, n, "invalid format");
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ if (ferror(f))
+ return luaL_fileresult(L, 0, NULL);
+ if (!success) {
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove last result */
+ luaL_pushfail(L); /* push nil instead */
+ }
+ return n - first;
+}
+
+
+static int io_read (lua_State *L) {
+ return g_read(L, getiofile(L, IO_INPUT), 1);
+}
+
+
+static int f_read (lua_State *L) {
+ return g_read(L, tofile(L), 2);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Iteration function for 'lines'.
+*/
+static int io_readline (lua_State *L) {
+ LStream *p = (LStream *)lua_touserdata(L, lua_upvalueindex(1));
+ int i;
+ int n = (int)lua_tointeger(L, lua_upvalueindex(2));
+ if (isclosed(p)) /* file is already closed? */
+ return luaL_error(L, "file is already closed");
+ lua_settop(L , 1);
+ luaL_checkstack(L, n, "too many arguments");
+ for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) /* push arguments to 'g_read' */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, lua_upvalueindex(3 + i));
+ n = g_read(L, p->f, 2); /* 'n' is number of results */
+ lua_assert(n > 0); /* should return at least a nil */
+ if (lua_toboolean(L, -n)) /* read at least one value? */
+ return n; /* return them */
+ else { /* first result is false: EOF or error */
+ if (n > 1) { /* is there error information? */
+ /* 2nd result is error message */
+ return luaL_error(L, "%s", lua_tostring(L, -n + 1));
+ }
+ if (lua_toboolean(L, lua_upvalueindex(3))) { /* generator created file? */
+ lua_settop(L, 0); /* clear stack */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, lua_upvalueindex(1)); /* push file at index 1 */
+ aux_close(L); /* close it */
+ }
+ return 0;
+ }
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+static int g_write (lua_State *L, FILE *f, int arg) {
+ int nargs = lua_gettop(L) - arg;
+ int status = 1;
+ for (; nargs--; arg++) {
+ if (lua_type(L, arg) == LUA_TNUMBER) {
+ /* optimization: could be done exactly as for strings */
+ int len = lua_isinteger(L, arg)
+ ? fprintf(f, LUA_INTEGER_FMT,
+ (LUAI_UACINT)lua_tointeger(L, arg))
+ : fprintf(f, LUA_NUMBER_FMT,
+ (LUAI_UACNUMBER)lua_tonumber(L, arg));
+ status = status && (len > 0);
+ }
+ else {
+ size_t l;
+ const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, arg, &l);
+ status = status && (fwrite(s, sizeof(char), l, f) == l);
+ }
+ }
+ if (l_likely(status))
+ return 1; /* file handle already on stack top */
+ else return luaL_fileresult(L, status, NULL);
+}
+
+
+static int io_write (lua_State *L) {
+ return g_write(L, getiofile(L, IO_OUTPUT), 1);
+}
+
+
+static int f_write (lua_State *L) {
+ FILE *f = tofile(L);
+ lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* push file at the stack top (to be returned) */
+ return g_write(L, f, 2);
+}
+
+
+static int f_seek (lua_State *L) {
+ static const int mode[] = {SEEK_SET, SEEK_CUR, SEEK_END};
+ static const char *const modenames[] = {"set", "cur", "end", NULL};
+ FILE *f = tofile(L);
+ int op = luaL_checkoption(L, 2, "cur", modenames);
+ lua_Integer p3 = luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 0);
+ l_seeknum offset = (l_seeknum)p3;
+ luaL_argcheck(L, (lua_Integer)offset == p3, 3,
+ "not an integer in proper range");
+ op = l_fseek(f, offset, mode[op]);
+ if (l_unlikely(op))
+ return luaL_fileresult(L, 0, NULL); /* error */
+ else {
+ lua_pushinteger(L, (lua_Integer)l_ftell(f));
+ return 1;
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int f_setvbuf (lua_State *L) {
+ static const int mode[] = {_IONBF, _IOFBF, _IOLBF};
+ static const char *const modenames[] = {"no", "full", "line", NULL};
+ FILE *f = tofile(L);
+ int op = luaL_checkoption(L, 2, NULL, modenames);
+ lua_Integer sz = luaL_optinteger(L, 3, LUAL_BUFFERSIZE);
+ int res = setvbuf(f, NULL, mode[op], (size_t)sz);
+ return luaL_fileresult(L, res == 0, NULL);
+}
+
+
+
+static int io_flush (lua_State *L) {
+ return luaL_fileresult(L, fflush(getiofile(L, IO_OUTPUT)) == 0, NULL);
+}
+
+
+static int f_flush (lua_State *L) {
+ return luaL_fileresult(L, fflush(tofile(L)) == 0, NULL);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** functions for 'io' library
+*/
+static const luaL_Reg iolib[] = {
+ {"close", io_close},
+ {"flush", io_flush},
+ {"input", io_input},
+ {"lines", io_lines},
+ {"open", io_open},
+ {"output", io_output},
+ {"popen", io_popen},
+ {"read", io_read},
+ {"tmpfile", io_tmpfile},
+ {"type", io_type},
+ {"write", io_write},
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+
+/*
+** methods for file handles
+*/
+static const luaL_Reg meth[] = {
+ {"read", f_read},
+ {"write", f_write},
+ {"lines", f_lines},
+ {"flush", f_flush},
+ {"seek", f_seek},
+ {"close", f_close},
+ {"setvbuf", f_setvbuf},
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+
+/*
+** metamethods for file handles
+*/
+static const luaL_Reg metameth[] = {
+ {"__index", NULL}, /* place holder */
+ {"__gc", f_gc},
+ {"__close", f_gc},
+ {"__tostring", f_tostring},
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+
+static void createmeta (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_newmetatable(L, LUA_FILEHANDLE); /* metatable for file handles */
+ luaL_setfuncs(L, metameth, 0); /* add metamethods to new metatable */
+ luaL_newlibtable(L, meth); /* create method table */
+ luaL_setfuncs(L, meth, 0); /* add file methods to method table */
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, "__index"); /* metatable.__index = method table */
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop metatable */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** function to (not) close the standard files stdin, stdout, and stderr
+*/
+static int io_noclose (lua_State *L) {
+ LStream *p = tolstream(L);
+ p->closef = &io_noclose; /* keep file opened */
+ luaL_pushfail(L);
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "cannot close standard file");
+ return 2;
+}
+
+
+static void createstdfile (lua_State *L, FILE *f, const char *k,
+ const char *fname) {
+ LStream *p = newprefile(L);
+ p->f = f;
+ p->closef = &io_noclose;
+ if (k != NULL) {
+ lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
+ lua_setfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, k); /* add file to registry */
+ }
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, fname); /* add file to module */
+}
+
+
+LUAMOD_API int luaopen_io (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_newlib(L, iolib); /* new module */
+ createmeta(L);
+ /* create (and set) default files */
+ createstdfile(L, stdin, IO_INPUT, "stdin");
+ createstdfile(L, stdout, IO_OUTPUT, "stdout");
+ createstdfile(L, stderr, NULL, "stderr");
+ return 1;
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/ljumptab.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/ljumptab.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8306f25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/ljumptab.h
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+/*
+** $Id: ljumptab.h $
+** Jump Table for the Lua interpreter
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+
+#undef vmdispatch
+#undef vmcase
+#undef vmbreak
+
+#define vmdispatch(x) goto *disptab[x];
+
+#define vmcase(l) L_##l:
+
+#define vmbreak vmfetch(); vmdispatch(GET_OPCODE(i));
+
+
+static const void *const disptab[NUM_OPCODES] = {
+
+#if 0
+** you can update the following list with this command:
+**
+** sed -n '/^OP_/\!d; s/OP_/\&\&L_OP_/ ; s/,.*/,/ ; s/\/.*// ; p' lopcodes.h
+**
+#endif
+
+&&L_OP_MOVE,
+&&L_OP_LOADI,
+&&L_OP_LOADF,
+&&L_OP_LOADK,
+&&L_OP_LOADKX,
+&&L_OP_LOADFALSE,
+&&L_OP_LFALSESKIP,
+&&L_OP_LOADTRUE,
+&&L_OP_LOADNIL,
+&&L_OP_GETUPVAL,
+&&L_OP_SETUPVAL,
+&&L_OP_GETTABUP,
+&&L_OP_GETTABLE,
+&&L_OP_GETI,
+&&L_OP_GETFIELD,
+&&L_OP_SETTABUP,
+&&L_OP_SETTABLE,
+&&L_OP_SETI,
+&&L_OP_SETFIELD,
+&&L_OP_NEWTABLE,
+&&L_OP_SELF,
+&&L_OP_ADDI,
+&&L_OP_ADDK,
+&&L_OP_SUBK,
+&&L_OP_MULK,
+&&L_OP_MODK,
+&&L_OP_POWK,
+&&L_OP_DIVK,
+&&L_OP_IDIVK,
+&&L_OP_BANDK,
+&&L_OP_BORK,
+&&L_OP_BXORK,
+&&L_OP_SHRI,
+&&L_OP_SHLI,
+&&L_OP_ADD,
+&&L_OP_SUB,
+&&L_OP_MUL,
+&&L_OP_MOD,
+&&L_OP_POW,
+&&L_OP_DIV,
+&&L_OP_IDIV,
+&&L_OP_BAND,
+&&L_OP_BOR,
+&&L_OP_BXOR,
+&&L_OP_SHL,
+&&L_OP_SHR,
+&&L_OP_MMBIN,
+&&L_OP_MMBINI,
+&&L_OP_MMBINK,
+&&L_OP_UNM,
+&&L_OP_BNOT,
+&&L_OP_NOT,
+&&L_OP_LEN,
+&&L_OP_CONCAT,
+&&L_OP_CLOSE,
+&&L_OP_TBC,
+&&L_OP_JMP,
+&&L_OP_EQ,
+&&L_OP_LT,
+&&L_OP_LE,
+&&L_OP_EQK,
+&&L_OP_EQI,
+&&L_OP_LTI,
+&&L_OP_LEI,
+&&L_OP_GTI,
+&&L_OP_GEI,
+&&L_OP_TEST,
+&&L_OP_TESTSET,
+&&L_OP_CALL,
+&&L_OP_TAILCALL,
+&&L_OP_RETURN,
+&&L_OP_RETURN0,
+&&L_OP_RETURN1,
+&&L_OP_FORLOOP,
+&&L_OP_FORPREP,
+&&L_OP_TFORPREP,
+&&L_OP_TFORCALL,
+&&L_OP_TFORLOOP,
+&&L_OP_SETLIST,
+&&L_OP_CLOSURE,
+&&L_OP_VARARG,
+&&L_OP_VARARGPREP,
+&&L_OP_EXTRAARG
+
+};
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/llex.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/llex.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5fc39a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/llex.c
@@ -0,0 +1,581 @@
+/*
+** $Id: llex.c $
+** Lexical Analyzer
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define llex_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lctype.h"
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h"
+#include "lgc.h"
+#include "llex.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lparser.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+#include "lstring.h"
+#include "ltable.h"
+#include "lzio.h"
+
+
+
+#define next(ls) (ls->current = zgetc(ls->z))
+
+
+
+#define currIsNewline(ls) (ls->current == '\n' || ls->current == '\r')
+
+
+/* ORDER RESERVED */
+static const char *const luaX_tokens [] = {
+ "and", "break", "do", "else", "elseif",
+ "end", "false", "for", "function", "goto", "if",
+ "in", "local", "nil", "not", "or", "repeat",
+ "return", "then", "true", "until", "while",
+ "//", "..", "...", "==", ">=", "<=", "~=",
+ "<<", ">>", "::", "",
+ "", "", "", ""
+};
+
+
+#define save_and_next(ls) (save(ls, ls->current), next(ls))
+
+
+static l_noret lexerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg, int token);
+
+
+static void save (LexState *ls, int c) {
+ Mbuffer *b = ls->buff;
+ if (luaZ_bufflen(b) + 1 > luaZ_sizebuffer(b)) {
+ size_t newsize;
+ if (luaZ_sizebuffer(b) >= MAX_SIZE/2)
+ lexerror(ls, "lexical element too long", 0);
+ newsize = luaZ_sizebuffer(b) * 2;
+ luaZ_resizebuffer(ls->L, b, newsize);
+ }
+ b->buffer[luaZ_bufflen(b)++] = cast_char(c);
+}
+
+
+void luaX_init (lua_State *L) {
+ int i;
+ TString *e = luaS_newliteral(L, LUA_ENV); /* create env name */
+ luaC_fix(L, obj2gco(e)); /* never collect this name */
+ for (i=0; iextra = cast_byte(i+1); /* reserved word */
+ }
+}
+
+
+const char *luaX_token2str (LexState *ls, int token) {
+ if (token < FIRST_RESERVED) { /* single-byte symbols? */
+ if (lisprint(token))
+ return luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "'%c'", token);
+ else /* control character */
+ return luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "'<\\%d>'", token);
+ }
+ else {
+ const char *s = luaX_tokens[token - FIRST_RESERVED];
+ if (token < TK_EOS) /* fixed format (symbols and reserved words)? */
+ return luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "'%s'", s);
+ else /* names, strings, and numerals */
+ return s;
+ }
+}
+
+
+static const char *txtToken (LexState *ls, int token) {
+ switch (token) {
+ case TK_NAME: case TK_STRING:
+ case TK_FLT: case TK_INT:
+ save(ls, '\0');
+ return luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "'%s'", luaZ_buffer(ls->buff));
+ default:
+ return luaX_token2str(ls, token);
+ }
+}
+
+
+static l_noret lexerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg, int token) {
+ msg = luaG_addinfo(ls->L, msg, ls->source, ls->linenumber);
+ if (token)
+ luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "%s near %s", msg, txtToken(ls, token));
+ luaD_throw(ls->L, LUA_ERRSYNTAX);
+}
+
+
+l_noret luaX_syntaxerror (LexState *ls, const char *msg) {
+ lexerror(ls, msg, ls->t.token);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Creates a new string and anchors it in scanner's table so that it
+** will not be collected until the end of the compilation; by that time
+** it should be anchored somewhere. It also internalizes long strings,
+** ensuring there is only one copy of each unique string. The table
+** here is used as a set: the string enters as the key, while its value
+** is irrelevant. We use the string itself as the value only because it
+** is a TValue readily available. Later, the code generation can change
+** this value.
+*/
+TString *luaX_newstring (LexState *ls, const char *str, size_t l) {
+ lua_State *L = ls->L;
+ TString *ts = luaS_newlstr(L, str, l); /* create new string */
+ const TValue *o = luaH_getstr(ls->h, ts);
+ if (!ttisnil(o)) /* string already present? */
+ ts = keystrval(nodefromval(o)); /* get saved copy */
+ else { /* not in use yet */
+ TValue *stv = s2v(L->top.p++); /* reserve stack space for string */
+ setsvalue(L, stv, ts); /* temporarily anchor the string */
+ luaH_finishset(L, ls->h, stv, o, stv); /* t[string] = string */
+ /* table is not a metatable, so it does not need to invalidate cache */
+ luaC_checkGC(L);
+ L->top.p--; /* remove string from stack */
+ }
+ return ts;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** increment line number and skips newline sequence (any of
+** \n, \r, \n\r, or \r\n)
+*/
+static void inclinenumber (LexState *ls) {
+ int old = ls->current;
+ lua_assert(currIsNewline(ls));
+ next(ls); /* skip '\n' or '\r' */
+ if (currIsNewline(ls) && ls->current != old)
+ next(ls); /* skip '\n\r' or '\r\n' */
+ if (++ls->linenumber >= MAX_INT)
+ lexerror(ls, "chunk has too many lines", 0);
+}
+
+
+void luaX_setinput (lua_State *L, LexState *ls, ZIO *z, TString *source,
+ int firstchar) {
+ ls->t.token = 0;
+ ls->L = L;
+ ls->current = firstchar;
+ ls->lookahead.token = TK_EOS; /* no look-ahead token */
+ ls->z = z;
+ ls->fs = NULL;
+ ls->linenumber = 1;
+ ls->lastline = 1;
+ ls->source = source;
+ ls->envn = luaS_newliteral(L, LUA_ENV); /* get env name */
+ luaZ_resizebuffer(ls->L, ls->buff, LUA_MINBUFFER); /* initialize buffer */
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+** =======================================================
+** LEXICAL ANALYZER
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+
+static int check_next1 (LexState *ls, int c) {
+ if (ls->current == c) {
+ next(ls);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether current char is in set 'set' (with two chars) and
+** saves it
+*/
+static int check_next2 (LexState *ls, const char *set) {
+ lua_assert(set[2] == '\0');
+ if (ls->current == set[0] || ls->current == set[1]) {
+ save_and_next(ls);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else return 0;
+}
+
+
+/* LUA_NUMBER */
+/*
+** This function is quite liberal in what it accepts, as 'luaO_str2num'
+** will reject ill-formed numerals. Roughly, it accepts the following
+** pattern:
+**
+** %d(%x|%.|([Ee][+-]?))* | 0[Xx](%x|%.|([Pp][+-]?))*
+**
+** The only tricky part is to accept [+-] only after a valid exponent
+** mark, to avoid reading '3-4' or '0xe+1' as a single number.
+**
+** The caller might have already read an initial dot.
+*/
+static int read_numeral (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) {
+ TValue obj;
+ const char *expo = "Ee";
+ int first = ls->current;
+ lua_assert(lisdigit(ls->current));
+ save_and_next(ls);
+ if (first == '0' && check_next2(ls, "xX")) /* hexadecimal? */
+ expo = "Pp";
+ for (;;) {
+ if (check_next2(ls, expo)) /* exponent mark? */
+ check_next2(ls, "-+"); /* optional exponent sign */
+ else if (lisxdigit(ls->current) || ls->current == '.') /* '%x|%.' */
+ save_and_next(ls);
+ else break;
+ }
+ if (lislalpha(ls->current)) /* is numeral touching a letter? */
+ save_and_next(ls); /* force an error */
+ save(ls, '\0');
+ if (luaO_str2num(luaZ_buffer(ls->buff), &obj) == 0) /* format error? */
+ lexerror(ls, "malformed number", TK_FLT);
+ if (ttisinteger(&obj)) {
+ seminfo->i = ivalue(&obj);
+ return TK_INT;
+ }
+ else {
+ lua_assert(ttisfloat(&obj));
+ seminfo->r = fltvalue(&obj);
+ return TK_FLT;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** read a sequence '[=*[' or ']=*]', leaving the last bracket. If
+** sequence is well formed, return its number of '='s + 2; otherwise,
+** return 1 if it is a single bracket (no '='s and no 2nd bracket);
+** otherwise (an unfinished '[==...') return 0.
+*/
+static size_t skip_sep (LexState *ls) {
+ size_t count = 0;
+ int s = ls->current;
+ lua_assert(s == '[' || s == ']');
+ save_and_next(ls);
+ while (ls->current == '=') {
+ save_and_next(ls);
+ count++;
+ }
+ return (ls->current == s) ? count + 2
+ : (count == 0) ? 1
+ : 0;
+}
+
+
+static void read_long_string (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo, size_t sep) {
+ int line = ls->linenumber; /* initial line (for error message) */
+ save_and_next(ls); /* skip 2nd '[' */
+ if (currIsNewline(ls)) /* string starts with a newline? */
+ inclinenumber(ls); /* skip it */
+ for (;;) {
+ switch (ls->current) {
+ case EOZ: { /* error */
+ const char *what = (seminfo ? "string" : "comment");
+ const char *msg = luaO_pushfstring(ls->L,
+ "unfinished long %s (starting at line %d)", what, line);
+ lexerror(ls, msg, TK_EOS);
+ break; /* to avoid warnings */
+ }
+ case ']': {
+ if (skip_sep(ls) == sep) {
+ save_and_next(ls); /* skip 2nd ']' */
+ goto endloop;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ case '\n': case '\r': {
+ save(ls, '\n');
+ inclinenumber(ls);
+ if (!seminfo) luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff); /* avoid wasting space */
+ break;
+ }
+ default: {
+ if (seminfo) save_and_next(ls);
+ else next(ls);
+ }
+ }
+ } endloop:
+ if (seminfo)
+ seminfo->ts = luaX_newstring(ls, luaZ_buffer(ls->buff) + sep,
+ luaZ_bufflen(ls->buff) - 2 * sep);
+}
+
+
+static void esccheck (LexState *ls, int c, const char *msg) {
+ if (!c) {
+ if (ls->current != EOZ)
+ save_and_next(ls); /* add current to buffer for error message */
+ lexerror(ls, msg, TK_STRING);
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int gethexa (LexState *ls) {
+ save_and_next(ls);
+ esccheck (ls, lisxdigit(ls->current), "hexadecimal digit expected");
+ return luaO_hexavalue(ls->current);
+}
+
+
+static int readhexaesc (LexState *ls) {
+ int r = gethexa(ls);
+ r = (r << 4) + gethexa(ls);
+ luaZ_buffremove(ls->buff, 2); /* remove saved chars from buffer */
+ return r;
+}
+
+
+static unsigned long readutf8esc (LexState *ls) {
+ unsigned long r;
+ int i = 4; /* chars to be removed: '\', 'u', '{', and first digit */
+ save_and_next(ls); /* skip 'u' */
+ esccheck(ls, ls->current == '{', "missing '{'");
+ r = gethexa(ls); /* must have at least one digit */
+ while (cast_void(save_and_next(ls)), lisxdigit(ls->current)) {
+ i++;
+ esccheck(ls, r <= (0x7FFFFFFFu >> 4), "UTF-8 value too large");
+ r = (r << 4) + luaO_hexavalue(ls->current);
+ }
+ esccheck(ls, ls->current == '}', "missing '}'");
+ next(ls); /* skip '}' */
+ luaZ_buffremove(ls->buff, i); /* remove saved chars from buffer */
+ return r;
+}
+
+
+static void utf8esc (LexState *ls) {
+ char buff[UTF8BUFFSZ];
+ int n = luaO_utf8esc(buff, readutf8esc(ls));
+ for (; n > 0; n--) /* add 'buff' to string */
+ save(ls, buff[UTF8BUFFSZ - n]);
+}
+
+
+static int readdecesc (LexState *ls) {
+ int i;
+ int r = 0; /* result accumulator */
+ for (i = 0; i < 3 && lisdigit(ls->current); i++) { /* read up to 3 digits */
+ r = 10*r + ls->current - '0';
+ save_and_next(ls);
+ }
+ esccheck(ls, r <= UCHAR_MAX, "decimal escape too large");
+ luaZ_buffremove(ls->buff, i); /* remove read digits from buffer */
+ return r;
+}
+
+
+static void read_string (LexState *ls, int del, SemInfo *seminfo) {
+ save_and_next(ls); /* keep delimiter (for error messages) */
+ while (ls->current != del) {
+ switch (ls->current) {
+ case EOZ:
+ lexerror(ls, "unfinished string", TK_EOS);
+ break; /* to avoid warnings */
+ case '\n':
+ case '\r':
+ lexerror(ls, "unfinished string", TK_STRING);
+ break; /* to avoid warnings */
+ case '\\': { /* escape sequences */
+ int c; /* final character to be saved */
+ save_and_next(ls); /* keep '\\' for error messages */
+ switch (ls->current) {
+ case 'a': c = '\a'; goto read_save;
+ case 'b': c = '\b'; goto read_save;
+ case 'f': c = '\f'; goto read_save;
+ case 'n': c = '\n'; goto read_save;
+ case 'r': c = '\r'; goto read_save;
+ case 't': c = '\t'; goto read_save;
+ case 'v': c = '\v'; goto read_save;
+ case 'x': c = readhexaesc(ls); goto read_save;
+ case 'u': utf8esc(ls); goto no_save;
+ case '\n': case '\r':
+ inclinenumber(ls); c = '\n'; goto only_save;
+ case '\\': case '\"': case '\'':
+ c = ls->current; goto read_save;
+ case EOZ: goto no_save; /* will raise an error next loop */
+ case 'z': { /* zap following span of spaces */
+ luaZ_buffremove(ls->buff, 1); /* remove '\\' */
+ next(ls); /* skip the 'z' */
+ while (lisspace(ls->current)) {
+ if (currIsNewline(ls)) inclinenumber(ls);
+ else next(ls);
+ }
+ goto no_save;
+ }
+ default: {
+ esccheck(ls, lisdigit(ls->current), "invalid escape sequence");
+ c = readdecesc(ls); /* digital escape '\ddd' */
+ goto only_save;
+ }
+ }
+ read_save:
+ next(ls);
+ /* go through */
+ only_save:
+ luaZ_buffremove(ls->buff, 1); /* remove '\\' */
+ save(ls, c);
+ /* go through */
+ no_save: break;
+ }
+ default:
+ save_and_next(ls);
+ }
+ }
+ save_and_next(ls); /* skip delimiter */
+ seminfo->ts = luaX_newstring(ls, luaZ_buffer(ls->buff) + 1,
+ luaZ_bufflen(ls->buff) - 2);
+}
+
+
+static int llex (LexState *ls, SemInfo *seminfo) {
+ luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff);
+ for (;;) {
+ switch (ls->current) {
+ case '\n': case '\r': { /* line breaks */
+ inclinenumber(ls);
+ break;
+ }
+ case ' ': case '\f': case '\t': case '\v': { /* spaces */
+ next(ls);
+ break;
+ }
+ case '-': { /* '-' or '--' (comment) */
+ next(ls);
+ if (ls->current != '-') return '-';
+ /* else is a comment */
+ next(ls);
+ if (ls->current == '[') { /* long comment? */
+ size_t sep = skip_sep(ls);
+ luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff); /* 'skip_sep' may dirty the buffer */
+ if (sep >= 2) {
+ read_long_string(ls, NULL, sep); /* skip long comment */
+ luaZ_resetbuffer(ls->buff); /* previous call may dirty the buff. */
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ /* else short comment */
+ while (!currIsNewline(ls) && ls->current != EOZ)
+ next(ls); /* skip until end of line (or end of file) */
+ break;
+ }
+ case '[': { /* long string or simply '[' */
+ size_t sep = skip_sep(ls);
+ if (sep >= 2) {
+ read_long_string(ls, seminfo, sep);
+ return TK_STRING;
+ }
+ else if (sep == 0) /* '[=...' missing second bracket? */
+ lexerror(ls, "invalid long string delimiter", TK_STRING);
+ return '[';
+ }
+ case '=': {
+ next(ls);
+ if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_EQ; /* '==' */
+ else return '=';
+ }
+ case '<': {
+ next(ls);
+ if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_LE; /* '<=' */
+ else if (check_next1(ls, '<')) return TK_SHL; /* '<<' */
+ else return '<';
+ }
+ case '>': {
+ next(ls);
+ if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_GE; /* '>=' */
+ else if (check_next1(ls, '>')) return TK_SHR; /* '>>' */
+ else return '>';
+ }
+ case '/': {
+ next(ls);
+ if (check_next1(ls, '/')) return TK_IDIV; /* '//' */
+ else return '/';
+ }
+ case '~': {
+ next(ls);
+ if (check_next1(ls, '=')) return TK_NE; /* '~=' */
+ else return '~';
+ }
+ case ':': {
+ next(ls);
+ if (check_next1(ls, ':')) return TK_DBCOLON; /* '::' */
+ else return ':';
+ }
+ case '"': case '\'': { /* short literal strings */
+ read_string(ls, ls->current, seminfo);
+ return TK_STRING;
+ }
+ case '.': { /* '.', '..', '...', or number */
+ save_and_next(ls);
+ if (check_next1(ls, '.')) {
+ if (check_next1(ls, '.'))
+ return TK_DOTS; /* '...' */
+ else return TK_CONCAT; /* '..' */
+ }
+ else if (!lisdigit(ls->current)) return '.';
+ else return read_numeral(ls, seminfo);
+ }
+ case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
+ case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': {
+ return read_numeral(ls, seminfo);
+ }
+ case EOZ: {
+ return TK_EOS;
+ }
+ default: {
+ if (lislalpha(ls->current)) { /* identifier or reserved word? */
+ TString *ts;
+ do {
+ save_and_next(ls);
+ } while (lislalnum(ls->current));
+ ts = luaX_newstring(ls, luaZ_buffer(ls->buff),
+ luaZ_bufflen(ls->buff));
+ seminfo->ts = ts;
+ if (isreserved(ts)) /* reserved word? */
+ return ts->extra - 1 + FIRST_RESERVED;
+ else {
+ return TK_NAME;
+ }
+ }
+ else { /* single-char tokens ('+', '*', '%', '{', '}', ...) */
+ int c = ls->current;
+ next(ls);
+ return c;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+void luaX_next (LexState *ls) {
+ ls->lastline = ls->linenumber;
+ if (ls->lookahead.token != TK_EOS) { /* is there a look-ahead token? */
+ ls->t = ls->lookahead; /* use this one */
+ ls->lookahead.token = TK_EOS; /* and discharge it */
+ }
+ else
+ ls->t.token = llex(ls, &ls->t.seminfo); /* read next token */
+}
+
+
+int luaX_lookahead (LexState *ls) {
+ lua_assert(ls->lookahead.token == TK_EOS);
+ ls->lookahead.token = llex(ls, &ls->lookahead.seminfo);
+ return ls->lookahead.token;
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/llex.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/llex.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..389d2f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/llex.h
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+/*
+** $Id: llex.h $
+** Lexical Analyzer
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef llex_h
+#define llex_h
+
+#include
+
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lzio.h"
+
+
+/*
+** Single-char tokens (terminal symbols) are represented by their own
+** numeric code. Other tokens start at the following value.
+*/
+#define FIRST_RESERVED (UCHAR_MAX + 1)
+
+
+#if !defined(LUA_ENV)
+#define LUA_ENV "_ENV"
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+* WARNING: if you change the order of this enumeration,
+* grep "ORDER RESERVED"
+*/
+enum RESERVED {
+ /* terminal symbols denoted by reserved words */
+ TK_AND = FIRST_RESERVED, TK_BREAK,
+ TK_DO, TK_ELSE, TK_ELSEIF, TK_END, TK_FALSE, TK_FOR, TK_FUNCTION,
+ TK_GOTO, TK_IF, TK_IN, TK_LOCAL, TK_NIL, TK_NOT, TK_OR, TK_REPEAT,
+ TK_RETURN, TK_THEN, TK_TRUE, TK_UNTIL, TK_WHILE,
+ /* other terminal symbols */
+ TK_IDIV, TK_CONCAT, TK_DOTS, TK_EQ, TK_GE, TK_LE, TK_NE,
+ TK_SHL, TK_SHR,
+ TK_DBCOLON, TK_EOS,
+ TK_FLT, TK_INT, TK_NAME, TK_STRING
+};
+
+/* number of reserved words */
+#define NUM_RESERVED (cast_int(TK_WHILE-FIRST_RESERVED + 1))
+
+
+typedef union {
+ lua_Number r;
+ lua_Integer i;
+ TString *ts;
+} SemInfo; /* semantics information */
+
+
+typedef struct Token {
+ int token;
+ SemInfo seminfo;
+} Token;
+
+
+/* state of the lexer plus state of the parser when shared by all
+ functions */
+typedef struct LexState {
+ int current; /* current character (charint) */
+ int linenumber; /* input line counter */
+ int lastline; /* line of last token 'consumed' */
+ Token t; /* current token */
+ Token lookahead; /* look ahead token */
+ struct FuncState *fs; /* current function (parser) */
+ struct lua_State *L;
+ ZIO *z; /* input stream */
+ Mbuffer *buff; /* buffer for tokens */
+ Table *h; /* to avoid collection/reuse strings */
+ struct Dyndata *dyd; /* dynamic structures used by the parser */
+ TString *source; /* current source name */
+ TString *envn; /* environment variable name */
+} LexState;
+
+
+LUAI_FUNC void luaX_init (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaX_setinput (lua_State *L, LexState *ls, ZIO *z,
+ TString *source, int firstchar);
+LUAI_FUNC TString *luaX_newstring (LexState *ls, const char *str, size_t l);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaX_next (LexState *ls);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaX_lookahead (LexState *ls);
+LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaX_syntaxerror (LexState *ls, const char *s);
+LUAI_FUNC const char *luaX_token2str (LexState *ls, int token);
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/llimits.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/llimits.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1c826f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/llimits.h
@@ -0,0 +1,380 @@
+/*
+** $Id: llimits.h $
+** Limits, basic types, and some other 'installation-dependent' definitions
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef llimits_h
+#define llimits_h
+
+
+#include
+#include
+
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+
+/*
+** 'lu_mem' and 'l_mem' are unsigned/signed integers big enough to count
+** the total memory used by Lua (in bytes). Usually, 'size_t' and
+** 'ptrdiff_t' should work, but we use 'long' for 16-bit machines.
+*/
+#if defined(LUAI_MEM) /* { external definitions? */
+typedef LUAI_UMEM lu_mem;
+typedef LUAI_MEM l_mem;
+#elif LUAI_IS32INT /* }{ */
+typedef size_t lu_mem;
+typedef ptrdiff_t l_mem;
+#else /* 16-bit ints */ /* }{ */
+typedef unsigned long lu_mem;
+typedef long l_mem;
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+/* chars used as small naturals (so that 'char' is reserved for characters) */
+typedef unsigned char lu_byte;
+typedef signed char ls_byte;
+
+
+/* maximum value for size_t */
+#define MAX_SIZET ((size_t)(~(size_t)0))
+
+/* maximum size visible for Lua (must be representable in a lua_Integer) */
+#define MAX_SIZE (sizeof(size_t) < sizeof(lua_Integer) ? MAX_SIZET \
+ : (size_t)(LUA_MAXINTEGER))
+
+
+#define MAX_LUMEM ((lu_mem)(~(lu_mem)0))
+
+#define MAX_LMEM ((l_mem)(MAX_LUMEM >> 1))
+
+
+#define MAX_INT INT_MAX /* maximum value of an int */
+
+
+/*
+** floor of the log2 of the maximum signed value for integral type 't'.
+** (That is, maximum 'n' such that '2^n' fits in the given signed type.)
+*/
+#define log2maxs(t) (sizeof(t) * 8 - 2)
+
+
+/*
+** test whether an unsigned value is a power of 2 (or zero)
+*/
+#define ispow2(x) (((x) & ((x) - 1)) == 0)
+
+
+/* number of chars of a literal string without the ending \0 */
+#define LL(x) (sizeof(x)/sizeof(char) - 1)
+
+
+/*
+** conversion of pointer to unsigned integer: this is for hashing only;
+** there is no problem if the integer cannot hold the whole pointer
+** value. (In strict ISO C this may cause undefined behavior, but no
+** actual machine seems to bother.)
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89) && defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && \
+ __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L
+#include
+#if defined(UINTPTR_MAX) /* even in C99 this type is optional */
+#define L_P2I uintptr_t
+#else /* no 'intptr'? */
+#define L_P2I uintmax_t /* use the largest available integer */
+#endif
+#else /* C89 option */
+#define L_P2I size_t
+#endif
+
+#define point2uint(p) ((unsigned int)((L_P2I)(p) & UINT_MAX))
+
+
+
+/* types of 'usual argument conversions' for lua_Number and lua_Integer */
+typedef LUAI_UACNUMBER l_uacNumber;
+typedef LUAI_UACINT l_uacInt;
+
+
+/*
+** Internal assertions for in-house debugging
+*/
+#if defined LUAI_ASSERT
+#undef NDEBUG
+#include
+#define lua_assert(c) assert(c)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(lua_assert)
+#define check_exp(c,e) (lua_assert(c), (e))
+/* to avoid problems with conditions too long */
+#define lua_longassert(c) ((c) ? (void)0 : lua_assert(0))
+#else
+#define lua_assert(c) ((void)0)
+#define check_exp(c,e) (e)
+#define lua_longassert(c) ((void)0)
+#endif
+
+/*
+** assertion for checking API calls
+*/
+#if !defined(luai_apicheck)
+#define luai_apicheck(l,e) ((void)l, lua_assert(e))
+#endif
+
+#define api_check(l,e,msg) luai_apicheck(l,(e) && msg)
+
+
+/* macro to avoid warnings about unused variables */
+#if !defined(UNUSED)
+#define UNUSED(x) ((void)(x))
+#endif
+
+
+/* type casts (a macro highlights casts in the code) */
+#define cast(t, exp) ((t)(exp))
+
+#define cast_void(i) cast(void, (i))
+#define cast_voidp(i) cast(void *, (i))
+#define cast_num(i) cast(lua_Number, (i))
+#define cast_int(i) cast(int, (i))
+#define cast_uint(i) cast(unsigned int, (i))
+#define cast_byte(i) cast(lu_byte, (i))
+#define cast_uchar(i) cast(unsigned char, (i))
+#define cast_char(i) cast(char, (i))
+#define cast_charp(i) cast(char *, (i))
+#define cast_sizet(i) cast(size_t, (i))
+
+
+/* cast a signed lua_Integer to lua_Unsigned */
+#if !defined(l_castS2U)
+#define l_castS2U(i) ((lua_Unsigned)(i))
+#endif
+
+/*
+** cast a lua_Unsigned to a signed lua_Integer; this cast is
+** not strict ISO C, but two-complement architectures should
+** work fine.
+*/
+#if !defined(l_castU2S)
+#define l_castU2S(i) ((lua_Integer)(i))
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** non-return type
+*/
+#if !defined(l_noret)
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+#define l_noret void __attribute__((noreturn))
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1200
+#define l_noret void __declspec(noreturn)
+#else
+#define l_noret void
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** Inline functions
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89)
+#define l_inline inline
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+#define l_inline __inline__
+#else
+#define l_inline /* empty */
+#endif
+
+#define l_sinline static l_inline
+
+
+/*
+** type for virtual-machine instructions;
+** must be an unsigned with (at least) 4 bytes (see details in lopcodes.h)
+*/
+#if LUAI_IS32INT
+typedef unsigned int l_uint32;
+#else
+typedef unsigned long l_uint32;
+#endif
+
+typedef l_uint32 Instruction;
+
+
+
+/*
+** Maximum length for short strings, that is, strings that are
+** internalized. (Cannot be smaller than reserved words or tags for
+** metamethods, as these strings must be internalized;
+** #("function") = 8, #("__newindex") = 10.)
+*/
+#if !defined(LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN)
+#define LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN 40
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** Initial size for the string table (must be power of 2).
+** The Lua core alone registers ~50 strings (reserved words +
+** metaevent keys + a few others). Libraries would typically add
+** a few dozens more.
+*/
+#if !defined(MINSTRTABSIZE)
+#define MINSTRTABSIZE 128
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** Size of cache for strings in the API. 'N' is the number of
+** sets (better be a prime) and "M" is the size of each set (M == 1
+** makes a direct cache.)
+*/
+#if !defined(STRCACHE_N)
+#define STRCACHE_N 53
+#define STRCACHE_M 2
+#endif
+
+
+/* minimum size for string buffer */
+#if !defined(LUA_MINBUFFER)
+#define LUA_MINBUFFER 32
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** Maximum depth for nested C calls, syntactical nested non-terminals,
+** and other features implemented through recursion in C. (Value must
+** fit in a 16-bit unsigned integer. It must also be compatible with
+** the size of the C stack.)
+*/
+#if !defined(LUAI_MAXCCALLS)
+#define LUAI_MAXCCALLS 200
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** macros that are executed whenever program enters the Lua core
+** ('lua_lock') and leaves the core ('lua_unlock')
+*/
+#if !defined(lua_lock)
+#define lua_lock(L) ((void) 0)
+#define lua_unlock(L) ((void) 0)
+#endif
+
+/*
+** macro executed during Lua functions at points where the
+** function can yield.
+*/
+#if !defined(luai_threadyield)
+#define luai_threadyield(L) {lua_unlock(L); lua_lock(L);}
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** these macros allow user-specific actions when a thread is
+** created/deleted/resumed/yielded.
+*/
+#if !defined(luai_userstateopen)
+#define luai_userstateopen(L) ((void)L)
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(luai_userstateclose)
+#define luai_userstateclose(L) ((void)L)
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(luai_userstatethread)
+#define luai_userstatethread(L,L1) ((void)L)
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(luai_userstatefree)
+#define luai_userstatefree(L,L1) ((void)L)
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(luai_userstateresume)
+#define luai_userstateresume(L,n) ((void)L)
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(luai_userstateyield)
+#define luai_userstateyield(L,n) ((void)L)
+#endif
+
+
+
+/*
+** The luai_num* macros define the primitive operations over numbers.
+*/
+
+/* floor division (defined as 'floor(a/b)') */
+#if !defined(luai_numidiv)
+#define luai_numidiv(L,a,b) ((void)L, l_floor(luai_numdiv(L,a,b)))
+#endif
+
+/* float division */
+#if !defined(luai_numdiv)
+#define luai_numdiv(L,a,b) ((a)/(b))
+#endif
+
+/*
+** modulo: defined as 'a - floor(a/b)*b'; the direct computation
+** using this definition has several problems with rounding errors,
+** so it is better to use 'fmod'. 'fmod' gives the result of
+** 'a - trunc(a/b)*b', and therefore must be corrected when
+** 'trunc(a/b) ~= floor(a/b)'. That happens when the division has a
+** non-integer negative result: non-integer result is equivalent to
+** a non-zero remainder 'm'; negative result is equivalent to 'a' and
+** 'b' with different signs, or 'm' and 'b' with different signs
+** (as the result 'm' of 'fmod' has the same sign of 'a').
+*/
+#if !defined(luai_nummod)
+#define luai_nummod(L,a,b,m) \
+ { (void)L; (m) = l_mathop(fmod)(a,b); \
+ if (((m) > 0) ? (b) < 0 : ((m) < 0 && (b) > 0)) (m) += (b); }
+#endif
+
+/* exponentiation */
+#if !defined(luai_numpow)
+#define luai_numpow(L,a,b) \
+ ((void)L, (b == 2) ? (a)*(a) : l_mathop(pow)(a,b))
+#endif
+
+/* the others are quite standard operations */
+#if !defined(luai_numadd)
+#define luai_numadd(L,a,b) ((a)+(b))
+#define luai_numsub(L,a,b) ((a)-(b))
+#define luai_nummul(L,a,b) ((a)*(b))
+#define luai_numunm(L,a) (-(a))
+#define luai_numeq(a,b) ((a)==(b))
+#define luai_numlt(a,b) ((a)<(b))
+#define luai_numle(a,b) ((a)<=(b))
+#define luai_numgt(a,b) ((a)>(b))
+#define luai_numge(a,b) ((a)>=(b))
+#define luai_numisnan(a) (!luai_numeq((a), (a)))
+#endif
+
+
+
+
+
+/*
+** macro to control inclusion of some hard tests on stack reallocation
+*/
+#if !defined(HARDSTACKTESTS)
+#define condmovestack(L,pre,pos) ((void)0)
+#else
+/* realloc stack keeping its size */
+#define condmovestack(L,pre,pos) \
+ { int sz_ = stacksize(L); pre; luaD_reallocstack((L), sz_, 0); pos; }
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(HARDMEMTESTS)
+#define condchangemem(L,pre,pos) ((void)0)
+#else
+#define condchangemem(L,pre,pos) \
+ { if (gcrunning(G(L))) { pre; luaC_fullgc(L, 0); pos; } }
+#endif
+
+#endif
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lmathlib.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lmathlib.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d0b1e1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lmathlib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,764 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lmathlib.c $
+** Standard mathematical library
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lmathlib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lauxlib.h"
+#include "lualib.h"
+
+
+#undef PI
+#define PI (l_mathop(3.141592653589793238462643383279502884))
+
+
+static int math_abs (lua_State *L) {
+ if (lua_isinteger(L, 1)) {
+ lua_Integer n = lua_tointeger(L, 1);
+ if (n < 0) n = (lua_Integer)(0u - (lua_Unsigned)n);
+ lua_pushinteger(L, n);
+ }
+ else
+ lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(fabs)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_sin (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(sin)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_cos (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(cos)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_tan (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(tan)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_asin (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(asin)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_acos (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(acos)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_atan (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_Number y = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
+ lua_Number x = luaL_optnumber(L, 2, 1);
+ lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(atan2)(y, x));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int math_toint (lua_State *L) {
+ int valid;
+ lua_Integer n = lua_tointegerx(L, 1, &valid);
+ if (l_likely(valid))
+ lua_pushinteger(L, n);
+ else {
+ luaL_checkany(L, 1);
+ luaL_pushfail(L); /* value is not convertible to integer */
+ }
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static void pushnumint (lua_State *L, lua_Number d) {
+ lua_Integer n;
+ if (lua_numbertointeger(d, &n)) /* does 'd' fit in an integer? */
+ lua_pushinteger(L, n); /* result is integer */
+ else
+ lua_pushnumber(L, d); /* result is float */
+}
+
+
+static int math_floor (lua_State *L) {
+ if (lua_isinteger(L, 1))
+ lua_settop(L, 1); /* integer is its own floor */
+ else {
+ lua_Number d = l_mathop(floor)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1));
+ pushnumint(L, d);
+ }
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int math_ceil (lua_State *L) {
+ if (lua_isinteger(L, 1))
+ lua_settop(L, 1); /* integer is its own ceil */
+ else {
+ lua_Number d = l_mathop(ceil)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1));
+ pushnumint(L, d);
+ }
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int math_fmod (lua_State *L) {
+ if (lua_isinteger(L, 1) && lua_isinteger(L, 2)) {
+ lua_Integer d = lua_tointeger(L, 2);
+ if ((lua_Unsigned)d + 1u <= 1u) { /* special cases: -1 or 0 */
+ luaL_argcheck(L, d != 0, 2, "zero");
+ lua_pushinteger(L, 0); /* avoid overflow with 0x80000... / -1 */
+ }
+ else
+ lua_pushinteger(L, lua_tointeger(L, 1) % d);
+ }
+ else
+ lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(fmod)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1),
+ luaL_checknumber(L, 2)));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** next function does not use 'modf', avoiding problems with 'double*'
+** (which is not compatible with 'float*') when lua_Number is not
+** 'double'.
+*/
+static int math_modf (lua_State *L) {
+ if (lua_isinteger(L ,1)) {
+ lua_settop(L, 1); /* number is its own integer part */
+ lua_pushnumber(L, 0); /* no fractional part */
+ }
+ else {
+ lua_Number n = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
+ /* integer part (rounds toward zero) */
+ lua_Number ip = (n < 0) ? l_mathop(ceil)(n) : l_mathop(floor)(n);
+ pushnumint(L, ip);
+ /* fractional part (test needed for inf/-inf) */
+ lua_pushnumber(L, (n == ip) ? l_mathop(0.0) : (n - ip));
+ }
+ return 2;
+}
+
+
+static int math_sqrt (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(sqrt)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int math_ult (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_Integer a = luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
+ lua_Integer b = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
+ lua_pushboolean(L, (lua_Unsigned)a < (lua_Unsigned)b);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_log (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_Number x = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
+ lua_Number res;
+ if (lua_isnoneornil(L, 2))
+ res = l_mathop(log)(x);
+ else {
+ lua_Number base = luaL_checknumber(L, 2);
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89)
+ if (base == l_mathop(2.0))
+ res = l_mathop(log2)(x);
+ else
+#endif
+ if (base == l_mathop(10.0))
+ res = l_mathop(log10)(x);
+ else
+ res = l_mathop(log)(x)/l_mathop(log)(base);
+ }
+ lua_pushnumber(L, res);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_exp (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(exp)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_deg (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_pushnumber(L, luaL_checknumber(L, 1) * (l_mathop(180.0) / PI));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_rad (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_pushnumber(L, luaL_checknumber(L, 1) * (PI / l_mathop(180.0)));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int math_min (lua_State *L) {
+ int n = lua_gettop(L); /* number of arguments */
+ int imin = 1; /* index of current minimum value */
+ int i;
+ luaL_argcheck(L, n >= 1, 1, "value expected");
+ for (i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
+ if (lua_compare(L, i, imin, LUA_OPLT))
+ imin = i;
+ }
+ lua_pushvalue(L, imin);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int math_max (lua_State *L) {
+ int n = lua_gettop(L); /* number of arguments */
+ int imax = 1; /* index of current maximum value */
+ int i;
+ luaL_argcheck(L, n >= 1, 1, "value expected");
+ for (i = 2; i <= n; i++) {
+ if (lua_compare(L, imax, i, LUA_OPLT))
+ imax = i;
+ }
+ lua_pushvalue(L, imax);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int math_type (lua_State *L) {
+ if (lua_type(L, 1) == LUA_TNUMBER)
+ lua_pushstring(L, (lua_isinteger(L, 1)) ? "integer" : "float");
+ else {
+ luaL_checkany(L, 1);
+ luaL_pushfail(L);
+ }
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Pseudo-Random Number Generator based on 'xoshiro256**'.
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/* number of binary digits in the mantissa of a float */
+#define FIGS l_floatatt(MANT_DIG)
+
+#if FIGS > 64
+/* there are only 64 random bits; use them all */
+#undef FIGS
+#define FIGS 64
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** LUA_RAND32 forces the use of 32-bit integers in the implementation
+** of the PRN generator (mainly for testing).
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_RAND32) && !defined(Rand64)
+
+/* try to find an integer type with at least 64 bits */
+
+#if ((ULONG_MAX >> 31) >> 31) >= 3
+
+/* 'long' has at least 64 bits */
+#define Rand64 unsigned long
+
+#elif !defined(LUA_USE_C89) && defined(LLONG_MAX)
+
+/* there is a 'long long' type (which must have at least 64 bits) */
+#define Rand64 unsigned long long
+
+#elif ((LUA_MAXUNSIGNED >> 31) >> 31) >= 3
+
+/* 'lua_Unsigned' has at least 64 bits */
+#define Rand64 lua_Unsigned
+
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+
+#if defined(Rand64) /* { */
+
+/*
+** Standard implementation, using 64-bit integers.
+** If 'Rand64' has more than 64 bits, the extra bits do not interfere
+** with the 64 initial bits, except in a right shift. Moreover, the
+** final result has to discard the extra bits.
+*/
+
+/* avoid using extra bits when needed */
+#define trim64(x) ((x) & 0xffffffffffffffffu)
+
+
+/* rotate left 'x' by 'n' bits */
+static Rand64 rotl (Rand64 x, int n) {
+ return (x << n) | (trim64(x) >> (64 - n));
+}
+
+static Rand64 nextrand (Rand64 *state) {
+ Rand64 state0 = state[0];
+ Rand64 state1 = state[1];
+ Rand64 state2 = state[2] ^ state0;
+ Rand64 state3 = state[3] ^ state1;
+ Rand64 res = rotl(state1 * 5, 7) * 9;
+ state[0] = state0 ^ state3;
+ state[1] = state1 ^ state2;
+ state[2] = state2 ^ (state1 << 17);
+ state[3] = rotl(state3, 45);
+ return res;
+}
+
+
+/* must take care to not shift stuff by more than 63 slots */
+
+
+/*
+** Convert bits from a random integer into a float in the
+** interval [0,1), getting the higher FIG bits from the
+** random unsigned integer and converting that to a float.
+*/
+
+/* must throw out the extra (64 - FIGS) bits */
+#define shift64_FIG (64 - FIGS)
+
+/* to scale to [0, 1), multiply by scaleFIG = 2^(-FIGS) */
+#define scaleFIG (l_mathop(0.5) / ((Rand64)1 << (FIGS - 1)))
+
+static lua_Number I2d (Rand64 x) {
+ return (lua_Number)(trim64(x) >> shift64_FIG) * scaleFIG;
+}
+
+/* convert a 'Rand64' to a 'lua_Unsigned' */
+#define I2UInt(x) ((lua_Unsigned)trim64(x))
+
+/* convert a 'lua_Unsigned' to a 'Rand64' */
+#define Int2I(x) ((Rand64)(x))
+
+
+#else /* no 'Rand64' }{ */
+
+/* get an integer with at least 32 bits */
+#if LUAI_IS32INT
+typedef unsigned int lu_int32;
+#else
+typedef unsigned long lu_int32;
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** Use two 32-bit integers to represent a 64-bit quantity.
+*/
+typedef struct Rand64 {
+ lu_int32 h; /* higher half */
+ lu_int32 l; /* lower half */
+} Rand64;
+
+
+/*
+** If 'lu_int32' has more than 32 bits, the extra bits do not interfere
+** with the 32 initial bits, except in a right shift and comparisons.
+** Moreover, the final result has to discard the extra bits.
+*/
+
+/* avoid using extra bits when needed */
+#define trim32(x) ((x) & 0xffffffffu)
+
+
+/*
+** basic operations on 'Rand64' values
+*/
+
+/* build a new Rand64 value */
+static Rand64 packI (lu_int32 h, lu_int32 l) {
+ Rand64 result;
+ result.h = h;
+ result.l = l;
+ return result;
+}
+
+/* return i << n */
+static Rand64 Ishl (Rand64 i, int n) {
+ lua_assert(n > 0 && n < 32);
+ return packI((i.h << n) | (trim32(i.l) >> (32 - n)), i.l << n);
+}
+
+/* i1 ^= i2 */
+static void Ixor (Rand64 *i1, Rand64 i2) {
+ i1->h ^= i2.h;
+ i1->l ^= i2.l;
+}
+
+/* return i1 + i2 */
+static Rand64 Iadd (Rand64 i1, Rand64 i2) {
+ Rand64 result = packI(i1.h + i2.h, i1.l + i2.l);
+ if (trim32(result.l) < trim32(i1.l)) /* carry? */
+ result.h++;
+ return result;
+}
+
+/* return i * 5 */
+static Rand64 times5 (Rand64 i) {
+ return Iadd(Ishl(i, 2), i); /* i * 5 == (i << 2) + i */
+}
+
+/* return i * 9 */
+static Rand64 times9 (Rand64 i) {
+ return Iadd(Ishl(i, 3), i); /* i * 9 == (i << 3) + i */
+}
+
+/* return 'i' rotated left 'n' bits */
+static Rand64 rotl (Rand64 i, int n) {
+ lua_assert(n > 0 && n < 32);
+ return packI((i.h << n) | (trim32(i.l) >> (32 - n)),
+ (trim32(i.h) >> (32 - n)) | (i.l << n));
+}
+
+/* for offsets larger than 32, rotate right by 64 - offset */
+static Rand64 rotl1 (Rand64 i, int n) {
+ lua_assert(n > 32 && n < 64);
+ n = 64 - n;
+ return packI((trim32(i.h) >> n) | (i.l << (32 - n)),
+ (i.h << (32 - n)) | (trim32(i.l) >> n));
+}
+
+/*
+** implementation of 'xoshiro256**' algorithm on 'Rand64' values
+*/
+static Rand64 nextrand (Rand64 *state) {
+ Rand64 res = times9(rotl(times5(state[1]), 7));
+ Rand64 t = Ishl(state[1], 17);
+ Ixor(&state[2], state[0]);
+ Ixor(&state[3], state[1]);
+ Ixor(&state[1], state[2]);
+ Ixor(&state[0], state[3]);
+ Ixor(&state[2], t);
+ state[3] = rotl1(state[3], 45);
+ return res;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Converts a 'Rand64' into a float.
+*/
+
+/* an unsigned 1 with proper type */
+#define UONE ((lu_int32)1)
+
+
+#if FIGS <= 32
+
+/* 2^(-FIGS) */
+#define scaleFIG (l_mathop(0.5) / (UONE << (FIGS - 1)))
+
+/*
+** get up to 32 bits from higher half, shifting right to
+** throw out the extra bits.
+*/
+static lua_Number I2d (Rand64 x) {
+ lua_Number h = (lua_Number)(trim32(x.h) >> (32 - FIGS));
+ return h * scaleFIG;
+}
+
+#else /* 32 < FIGS <= 64 */
+
+/* must take care to not shift stuff by more than 31 slots */
+
+/* 2^(-FIGS) = 1.0 / 2^30 / 2^3 / 2^(FIGS-33) */
+#define scaleFIG \
+ (l_mathop(1.0) / (UONE << 30) / l_mathop(8.0) / (UONE << (FIGS - 33)))
+
+/*
+** use FIGS - 32 bits from lower half, throwing out the other
+** (32 - (FIGS - 32)) = (64 - FIGS) bits
+*/
+#define shiftLOW (64 - FIGS)
+
+/*
+** higher 32 bits go after those (FIGS - 32) bits: shiftHI = 2^(FIGS - 32)
+*/
+#define shiftHI ((lua_Number)(UONE << (FIGS - 33)) * l_mathop(2.0))
+
+
+static lua_Number I2d (Rand64 x) {
+ lua_Number h = (lua_Number)trim32(x.h) * shiftHI;
+ lua_Number l = (lua_Number)(trim32(x.l) >> shiftLOW);
+ return (h + l) * scaleFIG;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+
+/* convert a 'Rand64' to a 'lua_Unsigned' */
+static lua_Unsigned I2UInt (Rand64 x) {
+ return (((lua_Unsigned)trim32(x.h) << 31) << 1) | (lua_Unsigned)trim32(x.l);
+}
+
+/* convert a 'lua_Unsigned' to a 'Rand64' */
+static Rand64 Int2I (lua_Unsigned n) {
+ return packI((lu_int32)((n >> 31) >> 1), (lu_int32)n);
+}
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+/*
+** A state uses four 'Rand64' values.
+*/
+typedef struct {
+ Rand64 s[4];
+} RanState;
+
+
+/*
+** Project the random integer 'ran' into the interval [0, n].
+** Because 'ran' has 2^B possible values, the projection can only be
+** uniform when the size of the interval is a power of 2 (exact
+** division). Otherwise, to get a uniform projection into [0, n], we
+** first compute 'lim', the smallest Mersenne number not smaller than
+** 'n'. We then project 'ran' into the interval [0, lim]. If the result
+** is inside [0, n], we are done. Otherwise, we try with another 'ran',
+** until we have a result inside the interval.
+*/
+static lua_Unsigned project (lua_Unsigned ran, lua_Unsigned n,
+ RanState *state) {
+ if ((n & (n + 1)) == 0) /* is 'n + 1' a power of 2? */
+ return ran & n; /* no bias */
+ else {
+ lua_Unsigned lim = n;
+ /* compute the smallest (2^b - 1) not smaller than 'n' */
+ lim |= (lim >> 1);
+ lim |= (lim >> 2);
+ lim |= (lim >> 4);
+ lim |= (lim >> 8);
+ lim |= (lim >> 16);
+#if (LUA_MAXUNSIGNED >> 31) >= 3
+ lim |= (lim >> 32); /* integer type has more than 32 bits */
+#endif
+ lua_assert((lim & (lim + 1)) == 0 /* 'lim + 1' is a power of 2, */
+ && lim >= n /* not smaller than 'n', */
+ && (lim >> 1) < n); /* and it is the smallest one */
+ while ((ran &= lim) > n) /* project 'ran' into [0..lim] */
+ ran = I2UInt(nextrand(state->s)); /* not inside [0..n]? try again */
+ return ran;
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int math_random (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_Integer low, up;
+ lua_Unsigned p;
+ RanState *state = (RanState *)lua_touserdata(L, lua_upvalueindex(1));
+ Rand64 rv = nextrand(state->s); /* next pseudo-random value */
+ switch (lua_gettop(L)) { /* check number of arguments */
+ case 0: { /* no arguments */
+ lua_pushnumber(L, I2d(rv)); /* float between 0 and 1 */
+ return 1;
+ }
+ case 1: { /* only upper limit */
+ low = 1;
+ up = luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
+ if (up == 0) { /* single 0 as argument? */
+ lua_pushinteger(L, I2UInt(rv)); /* full random integer */
+ return 1;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ case 2: { /* lower and upper limits */
+ low = luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
+ up = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
+ break;
+ }
+ default: return luaL_error(L, "wrong number of arguments");
+ }
+ /* random integer in the interval [low, up] */
+ luaL_argcheck(L, low <= up, 1, "interval is empty");
+ /* project random integer into the interval [0, up - low] */
+ p = project(I2UInt(rv), (lua_Unsigned)up - (lua_Unsigned)low, state);
+ lua_pushinteger(L, p + (lua_Unsigned)low);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static void setseed (lua_State *L, Rand64 *state,
+ lua_Unsigned n1, lua_Unsigned n2) {
+ int i;
+ state[0] = Int2I(n1);
+ state[1] = Int2I(0xff); /* avoid a zero state */
+ state[2] = Int2I(n2);
+ state[3] = Int2I(0);
+ for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
+ nextrand(state); /* discard initial values to "spread" seed */
+ lua_pushinteger(L, n1);
+ lua_pushinteger(L, n2);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Set a "random" seed. To get some randomness, use the current time
+** and the address of 'L' (in case the machine does address space layout
+** randomization).
+*/
+static void randseed (lua_State *L, RanState *state) {
+ lua_Unsigned seed1 = (lua_Unsigned)time(NULL);
+ lua_Unsigned seed2 = (lua_Unsigned)(size_t)L;
+ setseed(L, state->s, seed1, seed2);
+}
+
+
+static int math_randomseed (lua_State *L) {
+ RanState *state = (RanState *)lua_touserdata(L, lua_upvalueindex(1));
+ if (lua_isnone(L, 1)) {
+ randseed(L, state);
+ }
+ else {
+ lua_Integer n1 = luaL_checkinteger(L, 1);
+ lua_Integer n2 = luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 0);
+ setseed(L, state->s, n1, n2);
+ }
+ return 2; /* return seeds */
+}
+
+
+static const luaL_Reg randfuncs[] = {
+ {"random", math_random},
+ {"randomseed", math_randomseed},
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+
+/*
+** Register the random functions and initialize their state.
+*/
+static void setrandfunc (lua_State *L) {
+ RanState *state = (RanState *)lua_newuserdatauv(L, sizeof(RanState), 0);
+ randseed(L, state); /* initialize with a "random" seed */
+ lua_pop(L, 2); /* remove pushed seeds */
+ luaL_setfuncs(L, randfuncs, 1);
+}
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Deprecated functions (for compatibility only)
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_MATHLIB)
+
+static int math_cosh (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(cosh)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_sinh (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(sinh)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_tanh (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(tanh)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_pow (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_Number x = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
+ lua_Number y = luaL_checknumber(L, 2);
+ lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(pow)(x, y));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_frexp (lua_State *L) {
+ int e;
+ lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(frexp)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1), &e));
+ lua_pushinteger(L, e);
+ return 2;
+}
+
+static int math_ldexp (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_Number x = luaL_checknumber(L, 1);
+ int ep = (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
+ lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(ldexp)(x, ep));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+static int math_log10 (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_pushnumber(L, l_mathop(log10)(luaL_checknumber(L, 1)));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+#endif
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+
+static const luaL_Reg mathlib[] = {
+ {"abs", math_abs},
+ {"acos", math_acos},
+ {"asin", math_asin},
+ {"atan", math_atan},
+ {"ceil", math_ceil},
+ {"cos", math_cos},
+ {"deg", math_deg},
+ {"exp", math_exp},
+ {"tointeger", math_toint},
+ {"floor", math_floor},
+ {"fmod", math_fmod},
+ {"ult", math_ult},
+ {"log", math_log},
+ {"max", math_max},
+ {"min", math_min},
+ {"modf", math_modf},
+ {"rad", math_rad},
+ {"sin", math_sin},
+ {"sqrt", math_sqrt},
+ {"tan", math_tan},
+ {"type", math_type},
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_MATHLIB)
+ {"atan2", math_atan},
+ {"cosh", math_cosh},
+ {"sinh", math_sinh},
+ {"tanh", math_tanh},
+ {"pow", math_pow},
+ {"frexp", math_frexp},
+ {"ldexp", math_ldexp},
+ {"log10", math_log10},
+#endif
+ /* placeholders */
+ {"random", NULL},
+ {"randomseed", NULL},
+ {"pi", NULL},
+ {"huge", NULL},
+ {"maxinteger", NULL},
+ {"mininteger", NULL},
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+
+/*
+** Open math library
+*/
+LUAMOD_API int luaopen_math (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_newlib(L, mathlib);
+ lua_pushnumber(L, PI);
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, "pi");
+ lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)HUGE_VAL);
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, "huge");
+ lua_pushinteger(L, LUA_MAXINTEGER);
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, "maxinteger");
+ lua_pushinteger(L, LUA_MININTEGER);
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, "mininteger");
+ setrandfunc(L);
+ return 1;
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lmem.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lmem.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9800a86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lmem.c
@@ -0,0 +1,215 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lmem.c $
+** Interface to Memory Manager
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lmem_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h"
+#include "lgc.h"
+#include "lmem.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+
+
+
+/*
+** About the realloc function:
+** void *frealloc (void *ud, void *ptr, size_t osize, size_t nsize);
+** ('osize' is the old size, 'nsize' is the new size)
+**
+** - frealloc(ud, p, x, 0) frees the block 'p' and returns NULL.
+** Particularly, frealloc(ud, NULL, 0, 0) does nothing,
+** which is equivalent to free(NULL) in ISO C.
+**
+** - frealloc(ud, NULL, x, s) creates a new block of size 's'
+** (no matter 'x'). Returns NULL if it cannot create the new block.
+**
+** - otherwise, frealloc(ud, b, x, y) reallocates the block 'b' from
+** size 'x' to size 'y'. Returns NULL if it cannot reallocate the
+** block to the new size.
+*/
+
+
+/*
+** Macro to call the allocation function.
+*/
+#define callfrealloc(g,block,os,ns) ((*g->frealloc)(g->ud, block, os, ns))
+
+
+/*
+** When an allocation fails, it will try again after an emergency
+** collection, except when it cannot run a collection. The GC should
+** not be called while the state is not fully built, as the collector
+** is not yet fully initialized. Also, it should not be called when
+** 'gcstopem' is true, because then the interpreter is in the middle of
+** a collection step.
+*/
+#define cantryagain(g) (completestate(g) && !g->gcstopem)
+
+
+
+
+#if defined(EMERGENCYGCTESTS)
+/*
+** First allocation will fail except when freeing a block (frees never
+** fail) and when it cannot try again; this fail will trigger 'tryagain'
+** and a full GC cycle at every allocation.
+*/
+static void *firsttry (global_State *g, void *block, size_t os, size_t ns) {
+ if (ns > 0 && cantryagain(g))
+ return NULL; /* fail */
+ else /* normal allocation */
+ return callfrealloc(g, block, os, ns);
+}
+#else
+#define firsttry(g,block,os,ns) callfrealloc(g, block, os, ns)
+#endif
+
+
+
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Functions to allocate/deallocate arrays for the Parser
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+** Minimum size for arrays during parsing, to avoid overhead of
+** reallocating to size 1, then 2, and then 4. All these arrays
+** will be reallocated to exact sizes or erased when parsing ends.
+*/
+#define MINSIZEARRAY 4
+
+
+void *luaM_growaux_ (lua_State *L, void *block, int nelems, int *psize,
+ int size_elems, int limit, const char *what) {
+ void *newblock;
+ int size = *psize;
+ if (nelems + 1 <= size) /* does one extra element still fit? */
+ return block; /* nothing to be done */
+ if (size >= limit / 2) { /* cannot double it? */
+ if (l_unlikely(size >= limit)) /* cannot grow even a little? */
+ luaG_runerror(L, "too many %s (limit is %d)", what, limit);
+ size = limit; /* still have at least one free place */
+ }
+ else {
+ size *= 2;
+ if (size < MINSIZEARRAY)
+ size = MINSIZEARRAY; /* minimum size */
+ }
+ lua_assert(nelems + 1 <= size && size <= limit);
+ /* 'limit' ensures that multiplication will not overflow */
+ newblock = luaM_saferealloc_(L, block, cast_sizet(*psize) * size_elems,
+ cast_sizet(size) * size_elems);
+ *psize = size; /* update only when everything else is OK */
+ return newblock;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** In prototypes, the size of the array is also its number of
+** elements (to save memory). So, if it cannot shrink an array
+** to its number of elements, the only option is to raise an
+** error.
+*/
+void *luaM_shrinkvector_ (lua_State *L, void *block, int *size,
+ int final_n, int size_elem) {
+ void *newblock;
+ size_t oldsize = cast_sizet((*size) * size_elem);
+ size_t newsize = cast_sizet(final_n * size_elem);
+ lua_assert(newsize <= oldsize);
+ newblock = luaM_saferealloc_(L, block, oldsize, newsize);
+ *size = final_n;
+ return newblock;
+}
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+l_noret luaM_toobig (lua_State *L) {
+ luaG_runerror(L, "memory allocation error: block too big");
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Free memory
+*/
+void luaM_free_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t osize) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ lua_assert((osize == 0) == (block == NULL));
+ callfrealloc(g, block, osize, 0);
+ g->GCdebt -= osize;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** In case of allocation fail, this function will do an emergency
+** collection to free some memory and then try the allocation again.
+*/
+static void *tryagain (lua_State *L, void *block,
+ size_t osize, size_t nsize) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ if (cantryagain(g)) {
+ luaC_fullgc(L, 1); /* try to free some memory... */
+ return callfrealloc(g, block, osize, nsize); /* try again */
+ }
+ else return NULL; /* cannot run an emergency collection */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Generic allocation routine.
+*/
+void *luaM_realloc_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t osize, size_t nsize) {
+ void *newblock;
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ lua_assert((osize == 0) == (block == NULL));
+ newblock = firsttry(g, block, osize, nsize);
+ if (l_unlikely(newblock == NULL && nsize > 0)) {
+ newblock = tryagain(L, block, osize, nsize);
+ if (newblock == NULL) /* still no memory? */
+ return NULL; /* do not update 'GCdebt' */
+ }
+ lua_assert((nsize == 0) == (newblock == NULL));
+ g->GCdebt = (g->GCdebt + nsize) - osize;
+ return newblock;
+}
+
+
+void *luaM_saferealloc_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t osize,
+ size_t nsize) {
+ void *newblock = luaM_realloc_(L, block, osize, nsize);
+ if (l_unlikely(newblock == NULL && nsize > 0)) /* allocation failed? */
+ luaM_error(L);
+ return newblock;
+}
+
+
+void *luaM_malloc_ (lua_State *L, size_t size, int tag) {
+ if (size == 0)
+ return NULL; /* that's all */
+ else {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ void *newblock = firsttry(g, NULL, tag, size);
+ if (l_unlikely(newblock == NULL)) {
+ newblock = tryagain(L, NULL, tag, size);
+ if (newblock == NULL)
+ luaM_error(L);
+ }
+ g->GCdebt += size;
+ return newblock;
+ }
+}
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lmem.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lmem.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8c75a44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lmem.h
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lmem.h $
+** Interface to Memory Manager
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef lmem_h
+#define lmem_h
+
+
+#include
+
+#include "llimits.h"
+#include "lua.h"
+
+
+#define luaM_error(L) luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRMEM)
+
+
+/*
+** This macro tests whether it is safe to multiply 'n' by the size of
+** type 't' without overflows. Because 'e' is always constant, it avoids
+** the runtime division MAX_SIZET/(e).
+** (The macro is somewhat complex to avoid warnings: The 'sizeof'
+** comparison avoids a runtime comparison when overflow cannot occur.
+** The compiler should be able to optimize the real test by itself, but
+** when it does it, it may give a warning about "comparison is always
+** false due to limited range of data type"; the +1 tricks the compiler,
+** avoiding this warning but also this optimization.)
+*/
+#define luaM_testsize(n,e) \
+ (sizeof(n) >= sizeof(size_t) && cast_sizet((n)) + 1 > MAX_SIZET/(e))
+
+#define luaM_checksize(L,n,e) \
+ (luaM_testsize(n,e) ? luaM_toobig(L) : cast_void(0))
+
+
+/*
+** Computes the minimum between 'n' and 'MAX_SIZET/sizeof(t)', so that
+** the result is not larger than 'n' and cannot overflow a 'size_t'
+** when multiplied by the size of type 't'. (Assumes that 'n' is an
+** 'int' or 'unsigned int' and that 'int' is not larger than 'size_t'.)
+*/
+#define luaM_limitN(n,t) \
+ ((cast_sizet(n) <= MAX_SIZET/sizeof(t)) ? (n) : \
+ cast_uint((MAX_SIZET/sizeof(t))))
+
+
+/*
+** Arrays of chars do not need any test
+*/
+#define luaM_reallocvchar(L,b,on,n) \
+ cast_charp(luaM_saferealloc_(L, (b), (on)*sizeof(char), (n)*sizeof(char)))
+
+#define luaM_freemem(L, b, s) luaM_free_(L, (b), (s))
+#define luaM_free(L, b) luaM_free_(L, (b), sizeof(*(b)))
+#define luaM_freearray(L, b, n) luaM_free_(L, (b), (n)*sizeof(*(b)))
+
+#define luaM_new(L,t) cast(t*, luaM_malloc_(L, sizeof(t), 0))
+#define luaM_newvector(L,n,t) cast(t*, luaM_malloc_(L, (n)*sizeof(t), 0))
+#define luaM_newvectorchecked(L,n,t) \
+ (luaM_checksize(L,n,sizeof(t)), luaM_newvector(L,n,t))
+
+#define luaM_newobject(L,tag,s) luaM_malloc_(L, (s), tag)
+
+#define luaM_growvector(L,v,nelems,size,t,limit,e) \
+ ((v)=cast(t *, luaM_growaux_(L,v,nelems,&(size),sizeof(t), \
+ luaM_limitN(limit,t),e)))
+
+#define luaM_reallocvector(L, v,oldn,n,t) \
+ (cast(t *, luaM_realloc_(L, v, cast_sizet(oldn) * sizeof(t), \
+ cast_sizet(n) * sizeof(t))))
+
+#define luaM_shrinkvector(L,v,size,fs,t) \
+ ((v)=cast(t *, luaM_shrinkvector_(L, v, &(size), fs, sizeof(t))))
+
+LUAI_FUNC l_noret luaM_toobig (lua_State *L);
+
+/* not to be called directly */
+LUAI_FUNC void *luaM_realloc_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t oldsize,
+ size_t size);
+LUAI_FUNC void *luaM_saferealloc_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t oldsize,
+ size_t size);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaM_free_ (lua_State *L, void *block, size_t osize);
+LUAI_FUNC void *luaM_growaux_ (lua_State *L, void *block, int nelems,
+ int *size, int size_elem, int limit,
+ const char *what);
+LUAI_FUNC void *luaM_shrinkvector_ (lua_State *L, void *block, int *nelem,
+ int final_n, int size_elem);
+LUAI_FUNC void *luaM_malloc_ (lua_State *L, size_t size, int tag);
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/loadlib.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/loadlib.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d792dff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/loadlib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,767 @@
+/*
+** $Id: loadlib.c $
+** Dynamic library loader for Lua
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+**
+** This module contains an implementation of loadlib for Unix systems
+** that have dlfcn, an implementation for Windows, and a stub for other
+** systems.
+*/
+
+#define loadlib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lauxlib.h"
+#include "lualib.h"
+
+
+/*
+** LUA_IGMARK is a mark to ignore all before it when building the
+** luaopen_ function name.
+*/
+#if !defined (LUA_IGMARK)
+#define LUA_IGMARK "-"
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** LUA_CSUBSEP is the character that replaces dots in submodule names
+** when searching for a C loader.
+** LUA_LSUBSEP is the character that replaces dots in submodule names
+** when searching for a Lua loader.
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_CSUBSEP)
+#define LUA_CSUBSEP LUA_DIRSEP
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(LUA_LSUBSEP)
+#define LUA_LSUBSEP LUA_DIRSEP
+#endif
+
+
+/* prefix for open functions in C libraries */
+#define LUA_POF "luaopen_"
+
+/* separator for open functions in C libraries */
+#define LUA_OFSEP "_"
+
+
+/*
+** key for table in the registry that keeps handles
+** for all loaded C libraries
+*/
+static const char *const CLIBS = "_CLIBS";
+
+#define LIB_FAIL "open"
+
+
+#define setprogdir(L) ((void)0)
+
+
+/*
+** Special type equivalent to '(void*)' for functions in gcc
+** (to suppress warnings when converting function pointers)
+*/
+typedef void (*voidf)(void);
+
+
+/*
+** system-dependent functions
+*/
+
+/*
+** unload library 'lib'
+*/
+static void lsys_unloadlib (void *lib);
+
+/*
+** load C library in file 'path'. If 'seeglb', load with all names in
+** the library global.
+** Returns the library; in case of error, returns NULL plus an
+** error string in the stack.
+*/
+static void *lsys_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb);
+
+/*
+** Try to find a function named 'sym' in library 'lib'.
+** Returns the function; in case of error, returns NULL plus an
+** error string in the stack.
+*/
+static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym);
+
+
+
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_DLOPEN) /* { */
+/*
+** {========================================================================
+** This is an implementation of loadlib based on the dlfcn interface.
+** The dlfcn interface is available in Linux, SunOS, Solaris, IRIX, FreeBSD,
+** NetBSD, AIX 4.2, HPUX 11, and probably most other Unix flavors, at least
+** as an emulation layer on top of native functions.
+** =========================================================================
+*/
+
+#include
+
+/*
+** Macro to convert pointer-to-void* to pointer-to-function. This cast
+** is undefined according to ISO C, but POSIX assumes that it works.
+** (The '__extension__' in gnu compilers is only to avoid warnings.)
+*/
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+#define cast_func(p) (__extension__ (lua_CFunction)(p))
+#else
+#define cast_func(p) ((lua_CFunction)(p))
+#endif
+
+
+static void lsys_unloadlib (void *lib) {
+ dlclose(lib);
+}
+
+
+static void *lsys_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) {
+ void *lib = dlopen(path, RTLD_NOW | (seeglb ? RTLD_GLOBAL : RTLD_LOCAL));
+ if (l_unlikely(lib == NULL))
+ lua_pushstring(L, dlerror());
+ return lib;
+}
+
+
+static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
+ lua_CFunction f = cast_func(dlsym(lib, sym));
+ if (l_unlikely(f == NULL))
+ lua_pushstring(L, dlerror());
+ return f;
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+
+#elif defined(LUA_DL_DLL) /* }{ */
+/*
+** {======================================================================
+** This is an implementation of loadlib for Windows using native functions.
+** =======================================================================
+*/
+
+#include
+
+
+/*
+** optional flags for LoadLibraryEx
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_LLE_FLAGS)
+#define LUA_LLE_FLAGS 0
+#endif
+
+
+#undef setprogdir
+
+
+/*
+** Replace in the path (on the top of the stack) any occurrence
+** of LUA_EXEC_DIR with the executable's path.
+*/
+static void setprogdir (lua_State *L) {
+ char buff[MAX_PATH + 1];
+ char *lb;
+ DWORD nsize = sizeof(buff)/sizeof(char);
+ DWORD n = GetModuleFileNameA(NULL, buff, nsize); /* get exec. name */
+ if (n == 0 || n == nsize || (lb = strrchr(buff, '\\')) == NULL)
+ luaL_error(L, "unable to get ModuleFileName");
+ else {
+ *lb = '\0'; /* cut name on the last '\\' to get the path */
+ luaL_gsub(L, lua_tostring(L, -1), LUA_EXEC_DIR, buff);
+ lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove original string */
+ }
+}
+
+
+
+
+static void pusherror (lua_State *L) {
+ int error = GetLastError();
+ char buffer[128];
+ if (FormatMessageA(FORMAT_MESSAGE_IGNORE_INSERTS | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM,
+ NULL, error, 0, buffer, sizeof(buffer)/sizeof(char), NULL))
+ lua_pushstring(L, buffer);
+ else
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "system error %d\n", error);
+}
+
+static void lsys_unloadlib (void *lib) {
+ FreeLibrary((HMODULE)lib);
+}
+
+
+static void *lsys_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) {
+ HMODULE lib = LoadLibraryExA(path, NULL, LUA_LLE_FLAGS);
+ (void)(seeglb); /* not used: symbols are 'global' by default */
+ if (lib == NULL) pusherror(L);
+ return lib;
+}
+
+
+static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
+ lua_CFunction f = (lua_CFunction)(voidf)GetProcAddress((HMODULE)lib, sym);
+ if (f == NULL) pusherror(L);
+ return f;
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+#else /* }{ */
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Fallback for other systems
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+#undef LIB_FAIL
+#define LIB_FAIL "absent"
+
+
+#define DLMSG "dynamic libraries not enabled; check your Lua installation"
+
+
+static void lsys_unloadlib (void *lib) {
+ (void)(lib); /* not used */
+}
+
+
+static void *lsys_load (lua_State *L, const char *path, int seeglb) {
+ (void)(path); (void)(seeglb); /* not used */
+ lua_pushliteral(L, DLMSG);
+ return NULL;
+}
+
+
+static lua_CFunction lsys_sym (lua_State *L, void *lib, const char *sym) {
+ (void)(lib); (void)(sym); /* not used */
+ lua_pushliteral(L, DLMSG);
+ return NULL;
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Set Paths
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+** LUA_PATH_VAR and LUA_CPATH_VAR are the names of the environment
+** variables that Lua check to set its paths.
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_PATH_VAR)
+#define LUA_PATH_VAR "LUA_PATH"
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(LUA_CPATH_VAR)
+#define LUA_CPATH_VAR "LUA_CPATH"
+#endif
+
+
+
+/*
+** return registry.LUA_NOENV as a boolean
+*/
+static int noenv (lua_State *L) {
+ int b;
+ lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "LUA_NOENV");
+ b = lua_toboolean(L, -1);
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove value */
+ return b;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Set a path
+*/
+static void setpath (lua_State *L, const char *fieldname,
+ const char *envname,
+ const char *dft) {
+ const char *dftmark;
+ const char *nver = lua_pushfstring(L, "%s%s", envname, LUA_VERSUFFIX);
+ const char *path = getenv(nver); /* try versioned name */
+ if (path == NULL) /* no versioned environment variable? */
+ path = getenv(envname); /* try unversioned name */
+ if (path == NULL || noenv(L)) /* no environment variable? */
+ lua_pushstring(L, dft); /* use default */
+ else if ((dftmark = strstr(path, LUA_PATH_SEP LUA_PATH_SEP)) == NULL)
+ lua_pushstring(L, path); /* nothing to change */
+ else { /* path contains a ";;": insert default path in its place */
+ size_t len = strlen(path);
+ luaL_Buffer b;
+ luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
+ if (path < dftmark) { /* is there a prefix before ';;'? */
+ luaL_addlstring(&b, path, dftmark - path); /* add it */
+ luaL_addchar(&b, *LUA_PATH_SEP);
+ }
+ luaL_addstring(&b, dft); /* add default */
+ if (dftmark < path + len - 2) { /* is there a suffix after ';;'? */
+ luaL_addchar(&b, *LUA_PATH_SEP);
+ luaL_addlstring(&b, dftmark + 2, (path + len - 2) - dftmark);
+ }
+ luaL_pushresult(&b);
+ }
+ setprogdir(L);
+ lua_setfield(L, -3, fieldname); /* package[fieldname] = path value */
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop versioned variable name ('nver') */
+}
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** return registry.CLIBS[path]
+*/
+static void *checkclib (lua_State *L, const char *path) {
+ void *plib;
+ lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, CLIBS);
+ lua_getfield(L, -1, path);
+ plib = lua_touserdata(L, -1); /* plib = CLIBS[path] */
+ lua_pop(L, 2); /* pop CLIBS table and 'plib' */
+ return plib;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** registry.CLIBS[path] = plib -- for queries
+** registry.CLIBS[#CLIBS + 1] = plib -- also keep a list of all libraries
+*/
+static void addtoclib (lua_State *L, const char *path, void *plib) {
+ lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, CLIBS);
+ lua_pushlightuserdata(L, plib);
+ lua_pushvalue(L, -1);
+ lua_setfield(L, -3, path); /* CLIBS[path] = plib */
+ lua_rawseti(L, -2, luaL_len(L, -2) + 1); /* CLIBS[#CLIBS + 1] = plib */
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop CLIBS table */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** __gc tag method for CLIBS table: calls 'lsys_unloadlib' for all lib
+** handles in list CLIBS
+*/
+static int gctm (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_Integer n = luaL_len(L, 1);
+ for (; n >= 1; n--) { /* for each handle, in reverse order */
+ lua_rawgeti(L, 1, n); /* get handle CLIBS[n] */
+ lsys_unloadlib(lua_touserdata(L, -1));
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop handle */
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+/* error codes for 'lookforfunc' */
+#define ERRLIB 1
+#define ERRFUNC 2
+
+/*
+** Look for a C function named 'sym' in a dynamically loaded library
+** 'path'.
+** First, check whether the library is already loaded; if not, try
+** to load it.
+** Then, if 'sym' is '*', return true (as library has been loaded).
+** Otherwise, look for symbol 'sym' in the library and push a
+** C function with that symbol.
+** Return 0 and 'true' or a function in the stack; in case of
+** errors, return an error code and an error message in the stack.
+*/
+static int lookforfunc (lua_State *L, const char *path, const char *sym) {
+ void *reg = checkclib(L, path); /* check loaded C libraries */
+ if (reg == NULL) { /* must load library? */
+ reg = lsys_load(L, path, *sym == '*'); /* global symbols if 'sym'=='*' */
+ if (reg == NULL) return ERRLIB; /* unable to load library */
+ addtoclib(L, path, reg);
+ }
+ if (*sym == '*') { /* loading only library (no function)? */
+ lua_pushboolean(L, 1); /* return 'true' */
+ return 0; /* no errors */
+ }
+ else {
+ lua_CFunction f = lsys_sym(L, reg, sym);
+ if (f == NULL)
+ return ERRFUNC; /* unable to find function */
+ lua_pushcfunction(L, f); /* else create new function */
+ return 0; /* no errors */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int ll_loadlib (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *path = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
+ const char *init = luaL_checkstring(L, 2);
+ int stat = lookforfunc(L, path, init);
+ if (l_likely(stat == 0)) /* no errors? */
+ return 1; /* return the loaded function */
+ else { /* error; error message is on stack top */
+ luaL_pushfail(L);
+ lua_insert(L, -2);
+ lua_pushstring(L, (stat == ERRLIB) ? LIB_FAIL : "init");
+ return 3; /* return fail, error message, and where */
+ }
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** 'require' function
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+
+static int readable (const char *filename) {
+ FILE *f = fopen(filename, "r"); /* try to open file */
+ if (f == NULL) return 0; /* open failed */
+ fclose(f);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Get the next name in '*path' = 'name1;name2;name3;...', changing
+** the ending ';' to '\0' to create a zero-terminated string. Return
+** NULL when list ends.
+*/
+static const char *getnextfilename (char **path, char *end) {
+ char *sep;
+ char *name = *path;
+ if (name == end)
+ return NULL; /* no more names */
+ else if (*name == '\0') { /* from previous iteration? */
+ *name = *LUA_PATH_SEP; /* restore separator */
+ name++; /* skip it */
+ }
+ sep = strchr(name, *LUA_PATH_SEP); /* find next separator */
+ if (sep == NULL) /* separator not found? */
+ sep = end; /* name goes until the end */
+ *sep = '\0'; /* finish file name */
+ *path = sep; /* will start next search from here */
+ return name;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Given a path such as ";blabla.so;blublu.so", pushes the string
+**
+** no file 'blabla.so'
+** no file 'blublu.so'
+*/
+static void pusherrornotfound (lua_State *L, const char *path) {
+ luaL_Buffer b;
+ luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
+ luaL_addstring(&b, "no file '");
+ luaL_addgsub(&b, path, LUA_PATH_SEP, "'\n\tno file '");
+ luaL_addstring(&b, "'");
+ luaL_pushresult(&b);
+}
+
+
+static const char *searchpath (lua_State *L, const char *name,
+ const char *path,
+ const char *sep,
+ const char *dirsep) {
+ luaL_Buffer buff;
+ char *pathname; /* path with name inserted */
+ char *endpathname; /* its end */
+ const char *filename;
+ /* separator is non-empty and appears in 'name'? */
+ if (*sep != '\0' && strchr(name, *sep) != NULL)
+ name = luaL_gsub(L, name, sep, dirsep); /* replace it by 'dirsep' */
+ luaL_buffinit(L, &buff);
+ /* add path to the buffer, replacing marks ('?') with the file name */
+ luaL_addgsub(&buff, path, LUA_PATH_MARK, name);
+ luaL_addchar(&buff, '\0');
+ pathname = luaL_buffaddr(&buff); /* writable list of file names */
+ endpathname = pathname + luaL_bufflen(&buff) - 1;
+ while ((filename = getnextfilename(&pathname, endpathname)) != NULL) {
+ if (readable(filename)) /* does file exist and is readable? */
+ return lua_pushstring(L, filename); /* save and return name */
+ }
+ luaL_pushresult(&buff); /* push path to create error message */
+ pusherrornotfound(L, lua_tostring(L, -1)); /* create error message */
+ return NULL; /* not found */
+}
+
+
+static int ll_searchpath (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *f = searchpath(L, luaL_checkstring(L, 1),
+ luaL_checkstring(L, 2),
+ luaL_optstring(L, 3, "."),
+ luaL_optstring(L, 4, LUA_DIRSEP));
+ if (f != NULL) return 1;
+ else { /* error message is on top of the stack */
+ luaL_pushfail(L);
+ lua_insert(L, -2);
+ return 2; /* return fail + error message */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static const char *findfile (lua_State *L, const char *name,
+ const char *pname,
+ const char *dirsep) {
+ const char *path;
+ lua_getfield(L, lua_upvalueindex(1), pname);
+ path = lua_tostring(L, -1);
+ if (l_unlikely(path == NULL))
+ luaL_error(L, "'package.%s' must be a string", pname);
+ return searchpath(L, name, path, ".", dirsep);
+}
+
+
+static int checkload (lua_State *L, int stat, const char *filename) {
+ if (l_likely(stat)) { /* module loaded successfully? */
+ lua_pushstring(L, filename); /* will be 2nd argument to module */
+ return 2; /* return open function and file name */
+ }
+ else
+ return luaL_error(L, "error loading module '%s' from file '%s':\n\t%s",
+ lua_tostring(L, 1), filename, lua_tostring(L, -1));
+}
+
+
+static int searcher_Lua (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *filename;
+ const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
+ filename = findfile(L, name, "path", LUA_LSUBSEP);
+ if (filename == NULL) return 1; /* module not found in this path */
+ return checkload(L, (luaL_loadfile(L, filename) == LUA_OK), filename);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Try to find a load function for module 'modname' at file 'filename'.
+** First, change '.' to '_' in 'modname'; then, if 'modname' has
+** the form X-Y (that is, it has an "ignore mark"), build a function
+** name "luaopen_X" and look for it. (For compatibility, if that
+** fails, it also tries "luaopen_Y".) If there is no ignore mark,
+** look for a function named "luaopen_modname".
+*/
+static int loadfunc (lua_State *L, const char *filename, const char *modname) {
+ const char *openfunc;
+ const char *mark;
+ modname = luaL_gsub(L, modname, ".", LUA_OFSEP);
+ mark = strchr(modname, *LUA_IGMARK);
+ if (mark) {
+ int stat;
+ openfunc = lua_pushlstring(L, modname, mark - modname);
+ openfunc = lua_pushfstring(L, LUA_POF"%s", openfunc);
+ stat = lookforfunc(L, filename, openfunc);
+ if (stat != ERRFUNC) return stat;
+ modname = mark + 1; /* else go ahead and try old-style name */
+ }
+ openfunc = lua_pushfstring(L, LUA_POF"%s", modname);
+ return lookforfunc(L, filename, openfunc);
+}
+
+
+static int searcher_C (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
+ const char *filename = findfile(L, name, "cpath", LUA_CSUBSEP);
+ if (filename == NULL) return 1; /* module not found in this path */
+ return checkload(L, (loadfunc(L, filename, name) == 0), filename);
+}
+
+
+static int searcher_Croot (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *filename;
+ const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
+ const char *p = strchr(name, '.');
+ int stat;
+ if (p == NULL) return 0; /* is root */
+ lua_pushlstring(L, name, p - name);
+ filename = findfile(L, lua_tostring(L, -1), "cpath", LUA_CSUBSEP);
+ if (filename == NULL) return 1; /* root not found */
+ if ((stat = loadfunc(L, filename, name)) != 0) {
+ if (stat != ERRFUNC)
+ return checkload(L, 0, filename); /* real error */
+ else { /* open function not found */
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "no module '%s' in file '%s'", name, filename);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ lua_pushstring(L, filename); /* will be 2nd argument to module */
+ return 2;
+}
+
+
+static int searcher_preload (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
+ lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE);
+ if (lua_getfield(L, -1, name) == LUA_TNIL) { /* not found? */
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "no field package.preload['%s']", name);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else {
+ lua_pushliteral(L, ":preload:");
+ return 2;
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void findloader (lua_State *L, const char *name) {
+ int i;
+ luaL_Buffer msg; /* to build error message */
+ /* push 'package.searchers' to index 3 in the stack */
+ if (l_unlikely(lua_getfield(L, lua_upvalueindex(1), "searchers")
+ != LUA_TTABLE))
+ luaL_error(L, "'package.searchers' must be a table");
+ luaL_buffinit(L, &msg);
+ /* iterate over available searchers to find a loader */
+ for (i = 1; ; i++) {
+ luaL_addstring(&msg, "\n\t"); /* error-message prefix */
+ if (l_unlikely(lua_rawgeti(L, 3, i) == LUA_TNIL)) { /* no more searchers? */
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove nil */
+ luaL_buffsub(&msg, 2); /* remove prefix */
+ luaL_pushresult(&msg); /* create error message */
+ luaL_error(L, "module '%s' not found:%s", name, lua_tostring(L, -1));
+ }
+ lua_pushstring(L, name);
+ lua_call(L, 1, 2); /* call it */
+ if (lua_isfunction(L, -2)) /* did it find a loader? */
+ return; /* module loader found */
+ else if (lua_isstring(L, -2)) { /* searcher returned error message? */
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove extra return */
+ luaL_addvalue(&msg); /* concatenate error message */
+ }
+ else { /* no error message */
+ lua_pop(L, 2); /* remove both returns */
+ luaL_buffsub(&msg, 2); /* remove prefix */
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int ll_require (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *name = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
+ lua_settop(L, 1); /* LOADED table will be at index 2 */
+ lua_getfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_LOADED_TABLE);
+ lua_getfield(L, 2, name); /* LOADED[name] */
+ if (lua_toboolean(L, -1)) /* is it there? */
+ return 1; /* package is already loaded */
+ /* else must load package */
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove 'getfield' result */
+ findloader(L, name);
+ lua_rotate(L, -2, 1); /* function <-> loader data */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* name is 1st argument to module loader */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, -3); /* loader data is 2nd argument */
+ /* stack: ...; loader data; loader function; mod. name; loader data */
+ lua_call(L, 2, 1); /* run loader to load module */
+ /* stack: ...; loader data; result from loader */
+ if (!lua_isnil(L, -1)) /* non-nil return? */
+ lua_setfield(L, 2, name); /* LOADED[name] = returned value */
+ else
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop nil */
+ if (lua_getfield(L, 2, name) == LUA_TNIL) { /* module set no value? */
+ lua_pushboolean(L, 1); /* use true as result */
+ lua_copy(L, -1, -2); /* replace loader result */
+ lua_setfield(L, 2, name); /* LOADED[name] = true */
+ }
+ lua_rotate(L, -2, 1); /* loader data <-> module result */
+ return 2; /* return module result and loader data */
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+
+
+static const luaL_Reg pk_funcs[] = {
+ {"loadlib", ll_loadlib},
+ {"searchpath", ll_searchpath},
+ /* placeholders */
+ {"preload", NULL},
+ {"cpath", NULL},
+ {"path", NULL},
+ {"searchers", NULL},
+ {"loaded", NULL},
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+
+static const luaL_Reg ll_funcs[] = {
+ {"require", ll_require},
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+
+static void createsearcherstable (lua_State *L) {
+ static const lua_CFunction searchers[] = {
+ searcher_preload,
+ searcher_Lua,
+ searcher_C,
+ searcher_Croot,
+ NULL
+ };
+ int i;
+ /* create 'searchers' table */
+ lua_createtable(L, sizeof(searchers)/sizeof(searchers[0]) - 1, 0);
+ /* fill it with predefined searchers */
+ for (i=0; searchers[i] != NULL; i++) {
+ lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* set 'package' as upvalue for all searchers */
+ lua_pushcclosure(L, searchers[i], 1);
+ lua_rawseti(L, -2, i+1);
+ }
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, "searchers"); /* put it in field 'searchers' */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** create table CLIBS to keep track of loaded C libraries,
+** setting a finalizer to close all libraries when closing state.
+*/
+static void createclibstable (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, CLIBS); /* create CLIBS table */
+ lua_createtable(L, 0, 1); /* create metatable for CLIBS */
+ lua_pushcfunction(L, gctm);
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, "__gc"); /* set finalizer for CLIBS table */
+ lua_setmetatable(L, -2);
+}
+
+
+LUAMOD_API int luaopen_package (lua_State *L) {
+ createclibstable(L);
+ luaL_newlib(L, pk_funcs); /* create 'package' table */
+ createsearcherstable(L);
+ /* set paths */
+ setpath(L, "path", LUA_PATH_VAR, LUA_PATH_DEFAULT);
+ setpath(L, "cpath", LUA_CPATH_VAR, LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT);
+ /* store config information */
+ lua_pushliteral(L, LUA_DIRSEP "\n" LUA_PATH_SEP "\n" LUA_PATH_MARK "\n"
+ LUA_EXEC_DIR "\n" LUA_IGMARK "\n");
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, "config");
+ /* set field 'loaded' */
+ luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_LOADED_TABLE);
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, "loaded");
+ /* set field 'preload' */
+ luaL_getsubtable(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_PRELOAD_TABLE);
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, "preload");
+ lua_pushglobaltable(L);
+ lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* set 'package' as upvalue for next lib */
+ luaL_setfuncs(L, ll_funcs, 1); /* open lib into global table */
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop global table */
+ return 1; /* return 'package' table */
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lobject.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lobject.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f73ffc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lobject.c
@@ -0,0 +1,602 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lobject.c $
+** Some generic functions over Lua objects
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lobject_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lctype.h"
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h"
+#include "lmem.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+#include "lstring.h"
+#include "lvm.h"
+
+
+/*
+** Computes ceil(log2(x))
+*/
+int luaO_ceillog2 (unsigned int x) {
+ static const lu_byte log_2[256] = { /* log_2[i] = ceil(log2(i - 1)) */
+ 0,1,2,2,3,3,3,3,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,5,
+ 6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,6,
+ 7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,
+ 7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,7,
+ 8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,
+ 8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,
+ 8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,
+ 8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8
+ };
+ int l = 0;
+ x--;
+ while (x >= 256) { l += 8; x >>= 8; }
+ return l + log_2[x];
+}
+
+
+static lua_Integer intarith (lua_State *L, int op, lua_Integer v1,
+ lua_Integer v2) {
+ switch (op) {
+ case LUA_OPADD: return intop(+, v1, v2);
+ case LUA_OPSUB:return intop(-, v1, v2);
+ case LUA_OPMUL:return intop(*, v1, v2);
+ case LUA_OPMOD: return luaV_mod(L, v1, v2);
+ case LUA_OPIDIV: return luaV_idiv(L, v1, v2);
+ case LUA_OPBAND: return intop(&, v1, v2);
+ case LUA_OPBOR: return intop(|, v1, v2);
+ case LUA_OPBXOR: return intop(^, v1, v2);
+ case LUA_OPSHL: return luaV_shiftl(v1, v2);
+ case LUA_OPSHR: return luaV_shiftr(v1, v2);
+ case LUA_OPUNM: return intop(-, 0, v1);
+ case LUA_OPBNOT: return intop(^, ~l_castS2U(0), v1);
+ default: lua_assert(0); return 0;
+ }
+}
+
+
+static lua_Number numarith (lua_State *L, int op, lua_Number v1,
+ lua_Number v2) {
+ switch (op) {
+ case LUA_OPADD: return luai_numadd(L, v1, v2);
+ case LUA_OPSUB: return luai_numsub(L, v1, v2);
+ case LUA_OPMUL: return luai_nummul(L, v1, v2);
+ case LUA_OPDIV: return luai_numdiv(L, v1, v2);
+ case LUA_OPPOW: return luai_numpow(L, v1, v2);
+ case LUA_OPIDIV: return luai_numidiv(L, v1, v2);
+ case LUA_OPUNM: return luai_numunm(L, v1);
+ case LUA_OPMOD: return luaV_modf(L, v1, v2);
+ default: lua_assert(0); return 0;
+ }
+}
+
+
+int luaO_rawarith (lua_State *L, int op, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2,
+ TValue *res) {
+ switch (op) {
+ case LUA_OPBAND: case LUA_OPBOR: case LUA_OPBXOR:
+ case LUA_OPSHL: case LUA_OPSHR:
+ case LUA_OPBNOT: { /* operate only on integers */
+ lua_Integer i1; lua_Integer i2;
+ if (tointegerns(p1, &i1) && tointegerns(p2, &i2)) {
+ setivalue(res, intarith(L, op, i1, i2));
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else return 0; /* fail */
+ }
+ case LUA_OPDIV: case LUA_OPPOW: { /* operate only on floats */
+ lua_Number n1; lua_Number n2;
+ if (tonumberns(p1, n1) && tonumberns(p2, n2)) {
+ setfltvalue(res, numarith(L, op, n1, n2));
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else return 0; /* fail */
+ }
+ default: { /* other operations */
+ lua_Number n1; lua_Number n2;
+ if (ttisinteger(p1) && ttisinteger(p2)) {
+ setivalue(res, intarith(L, op, ivalue(p1), ivalue(p2)));
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else if (tonumberns(p1, n1) && tonumberns(p2, n2)) {
+ setfltvalue(res, numarith(L, op, n1, n2));
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else return 0; /* fail */
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+void luaO_arith (lua_State *L, int op, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2,
+ StkId res) {
+ if (!luaO_rawarith(L, op, p1, p2, s2v(res))) {
+ /* could not perform raw operation; try metamethod */
+ luaT_trybinTM(L, p1, p2, res, cast(TMS, (op - LUA_OPADD) + TM_ADD));
+ }
+}
+
+
+int luaO_hexavalue (int c) {
+ if (lisdigit(c)) return c - '0';
+ else return (ltolower(c) - 'a') + 10;
+}
+
+
+static int isneg (const char **s) {
+ if (**s == '-') { (*s)++; return 1; }
+ else if (**s == '+') (*s)++;
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Lua's implementation for 'lua_strx2number'
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+#if !defined(lua_strx2number)
+
+/* maximum number of significant digits to read (to avoid overflows
+ even with single floats) */
+#define MAXSIGDIG 30
+
+/*
+** convert a hexadecimal numeric string to a number, following
+** C99 specification for 'strtod'
+*/
+static lua_Number lua_strx2number (const char *s, char **endptr) {
+ int dot = lua_getlocaledecpoint();
+ lua_Number r = l_mathop(0.0); /* result (accumulator) */
+ int sigdig = 0; /* number of significant digits */
+ int nosigdig = 0; /* number of non-significant digits */
+ int e = 0; /* exponent correction */
+ int neg; /* 1 if number is negative */
+ int hasdot = 0; /* true after seen a dot */
+ *endptr = cast_charp(s); /* nothing is valid yet */
+ while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*s))) s++; /* skip initial spaces */
+ neg = isneg(&s); /* check sign */
+ if (!(*s == '0' && (*(s + 1) == 'x' || *(s + 1) == 'X'))) /* check '0x' */
+ return l_mathop(0.0); /* invalid format (no '0x') */
+ for (s += 2; ; s++) { /* skip '0x' and read numeral */
+ if (*s == dot) {
+ if (hasdot) break; /* second dot? stop loop */
+ else hasdot = 1;
+ }
+ else if (lisxdigit(cast_uchar(*s))) {
+ if (sigdig == 0 && *s == '0') /* non-significant digit (zero)? */
+ nosigdig++;
+ else if (++sigdig <= MAXSIGDIG) /* can read it without overflow? */
+ r = (r * l_mathop(16.0)) + luaO_hexavalue(*s);
+ else e++; /* too many digits; ignore, but still count for exponent */
+ if (hasdot) e--; /* decimal digit? correct exponent */
+ }
+ else break; /* neither a dot nor a digit */
+ }
+ if (nosigdig + sigdig == 0) /* no digits? */
+ return l_mathop(0.0); /* invalid format */
+ *endptr = cast_charp(s); /* valid up to here */
+ e *= 4; /* each digit multiplies/divides value by 2^4 */
+ if (*s == 'p' || *s == 'P') { /* exponent part? */
+ int exp1 = 0; /* exponent value */
+ int neg1; /* exponent sign */
+ s++; /* skip 'p' */
+ neg1 = isneg(&s); /* sign */
+ if (!lisdigit(cast_uchar(*s)))
+ return l_mathop(0.0); /* invalid; must have at least one digit */
+ while (lisdigit(cast_uchar(*s))) /* read exponent */
+ exp1 = exp1 * 10 + *(s++) - '0';
+ if (neg1) exp1 = -exp1;
+ e += exp1;
+ *endptr = cast_charp(s); /* valid up to here */
+ }
+ if (neg) r = -r;
+ return l_mathop(ldexp)(r, e);
+}
+
+#endif
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+/* maximum length of a numeral to be converted to a number */
+#if !defined (L_MAXLENNUM)
+#define L_MAXLENNUM 200
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Convert string 's' to a Lua number (put in 'result'). Return NULL on
+** fail or the address of the ending '\0' on success. ('mode' == 'x')
+** means a hexadecimal numeral.
+*/
+static const char *l_str2dloc (const char *s, lua_Number *result, int mode) {
+ char *endptr;
+ *result = (mode == 'x') ? lua_strx2number(s, &endptr) /* try to convert */
+ : lua_str2number(s, &endptr);
+ if (endptr == s) return NULL; /* nothing recognized? */
+ while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*endptr))) endptr++; /* skip trailing spaces */
+ return (*endptr == '\0') ? endptr : NULL; /* OK iff no trailing chars */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Convert string 's' to a Lua number (put in 'result') handling the
+** current locale.
+** This function accepts both the current locale or a dot as the radix
+** mark. If the conversion fails, it may mean number has a dot but
+** locale accepts something else. In that case, the code copies 's'
+** to a buffer (because 's' is read-only), changes the dot to the
+** current locale radix mark, and tries to convert again.
+** The variable 'mode' checks for special characters in the string:
+** - 'n' means 'inf' or 'nan' (which should be rejected)
+** - 'x' means a hexadecimal numeral
+** - '.' just optimizes the search for the common case (no special chars)
+*/
+static const char *l_str2d (const char *s, lua_Number *result) {
+ const char *endptr;
+ const char *pmode = strpbrk(s, ".xXnN"); /* look for special chars */
+ int mode = pmode ? ltolower(cast_uchar(*pmode)) : 0;
+ if (mode == 'n') /* reject 'inf' and 'nan' */
+ return NULL;
+ endptr = l_str2dloc(s, result, mode); /* try to convert */
+ if (endptr == NULL) { /* failed? may be a different locale */
+ char buff[L_MAXLENNUM + 1];
+ const char *pdot = strchr(s, '.');
+ if (pdot == NULL || strlen(s) > L_MAXLENNUM)
+ return NULL; /* string too long or no dot; fail */
+ strcpy(buff, s); /* copy string to buffer */
+ buff[pdot - s] = lua_getlocaledecpoint(); /* correct decimal point */
+ endptr = l_str2dloc(buff, result, mode); /* try again */
+ if (endptr != NULL)
+ endptr = s + (endptr - buff); /* make relative to 's' */
+ }
+ return endptr;
+}
+
+
+#define MAXBY10 cast(lua_Unsigned, LUA_MAXINTEGER / 10)
+#define MAXLASTD cast_int(LUA_MAXINTEGER % 10)
+
+static const char *l_str2int (const char *s, lua_Integer *result) {
+ lua_Unsigned a = 0;
+ int empty = 1;
+ int neg;
+ while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*s))) s++; /* skip initial spaces */
+ neg = isneg(&s);
+ if (s[0] == '0' &&
+ (s[1] == 'x' || s[1] == 'X')) { /* hex? */
+ s += 2; /* skip '0x' */
+ for (; lisxdigit(cast_uchar(*s)); s++) {
+ a = a * 16 + luaO_hexavalue(*s);
+ empty = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ else { /* decimal */
+ for (; lisdigit(cast_uchar(*s)); s++) {
+ int d = *s - '0';
+ if (a >= MAXBY10 && (a > MAXBY10 || d > MAXLASTD + neg)) /* overflow? */
+ return NULL; /* do not accept it (as integer) */
+ a = a * 10 + d;
+ empty = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ while (lisspace(cast_uchar(*s))) s++; /* skip trailing spaces */
+ if (empty || *s != '\0') return NULL; /* something wrong in the numeral */
+ else {
+ *result = l_castU2S((neg) ? 0u - a : a);
+ return s;
+ }
+}
+
+
+size_t luaO_str2num (const char *s, TValue *o) {
+ lua_Integer i; lua_Number n;
+ const char *e;
+ if ((e = l_str2int(s, &i)) != NULL) { /* try as an integer */
+ setivalue(o, i);
+ }
+ else if ((e = l_str2d(s, &n)) != NULL) { /* else try as a float */
+ setfltvalue(o, n);
+ }
+ else
+ return 0; /* conversion failed */
+ return (e - s) + 1; /* success; return string size */
+}
+
+
+int luaO_utf8esc (char *buff, unsigned long x) {
+ int n = 1; /* number of bytes put in buffer (backwards) */
+ lua_assert(x <= 0x7FFFFFFFu);
+ if (x < 0x80) /* ascii? */
+ buff[UTF8BUFFSZ - 1] = cast_char(x);
+ else { /* need continuation bytes */
+ unsigned int mfb = 0x3f; /* maximum that fits in first byte */
+ do { /* add continuation bytes */
+ buff[UTF8BUFFSZ - (n++)] = cast_char(0x80 | (x & 0x3f));
+ x >>= 6; /* remove added bits */
+ mfb >>= 1; /* now there is one less bit available in first byte */
+ } while (x > mfb); /* still needs continuation byte? */
+ buff[UTF8BUFFSZ - n] = cast_char((~mfb << 1) | x); /* add first byte */
+ }
+ return n;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Maximum length of the conversion of a number to a string. Must be
+** enough to accommodate both LUA_INTEGER_FMT and LUA_NUMBER_FMT.
+** (For a long long int, this is 19 digits plus a sign and a final '\0',
+** adding to 21. For a long double, it can go to a sign, 33 digits,
+** the dot, an exponent letter, an exponent sign, 5 exponent digits,
+** and a final '\0', adding to 43.)
+*/
+#define MAXNUMBER2STR 44
+
+
+/*
+** Convert a number object to a string, adding it to a buffer
+*/
+static int tostringbuff (TValue *obj, char *buff) {
+ int len;
+ lua_assert(ttisnumber(obj));
+ if (ttisinteger(obj))
+ len = lua_integer2str(buff, MAXNUMBER2STR, ivalue(obj));
+ else {
+ len = lua_number2str(buff, MAXNUMBER2STR, fltvalue(obj));
+ if (buff[strspn(buff, "-0123456789")] == '\0') { /* looks like an int? */
+ buff[len++] = lua_getlocaledecpoint();
+ buff[len++] = '0'; /* adds '.0' to result */
+ }
+ }
+ return len;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Convert a number object to a Lua string, replacing the value at 'obj'
+*/
+void luaO_tostring (lua_State *L, TValue *obj) {
+ char buff[MAXNUMBER2STR];
+ int len = tostringbuff(obj, buff);
+ setsvalue(L, obj, luaS_newlstr(L, buff, len));
+}
+
+
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** 'luaO_pushvfstring'
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+** Size for buffer space used by 'luaO_pushvfstring'. It should be
+** (LUA_IDSIZE + MAXNUMBER2STR) + a minimal space for basic messages,
+** so that 'luaG_addinfo' can work directly on the buffer.
+*/
+#define BUFVFS (LUA_IDSIZE + MAXNUMBER2STR + 95)
+
+/* buffer used by 'luaO_pushvfstring' */
+typedef struct BuffFS {
+ lua_State *L;
+ int pushed; /* true if there is a part of the result on the stack */
+ int blen; /* length of partial string in 'space' */
+ char space[BUFVFS]; /* holds last part of the result */
+} BuffFS;
+
+
+/*
+** Push given string to the stack, as part of the result, and
+** join it to previous partial result if there is one.
+** It may call 'luaV_concat' while using one slot from EXTRA_STACK.
+** This call cannot invoke metamethods, as both operands must be
+** strings. It can, however, raise an error if the result is too
+** long. In that case, 'luaV_concat' frees the extra slot before
+** raising the error.
+*/
+static void pushstr (BuffFS *buff, const char *str, size_t lstr) {
+ lua_State *L = buff->L;
+ setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, luaS_newlstr(L, str, lstr));
+ L->top.p++; /* may use one slot from EXTRA_STACK */
+ if (!buff->pushed) /* no previous string on the stack? */
+ buff->pushed = 1; /* now there is one */
+ else /* join previous string with new one */
+ luaV_concat(L, 2);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** empty the buffer space into the stack
+*/
+static void clearbuff (BuffFS *buff) {
+ pushstr(buff, buff->space, buff->blen); /* push buffer contents */
+ buff->blen = 0; /* space now is empty */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Get a space of size 'sz' in the buffer. If buffer has not enough
+** space, empty it. 'sz' must fit in an empty buffer.
+*/
+static char *getbuff (BuffFS *buff, int sz) {
+ lua_assert(buff->blen <= BUFVFS); lua_assert(sz <= BUFVFS);
+ if (sz > BUFVFS - buff->blen) /* not enough space? */
+ clearbuff(buff);
+ return buff->space + buff->blen;
+}
+
+
+#define addsize(b,sz) ((b)->blen += (sz))
+
+
+/*
+** Add 'str' to the buffer. If string is larger than the buffer space,
+** push the string directly to the stack.
+*/
+static void addstr2buff (BuffFS *buff, const char *str, size_t slen) {
+ if (slen <= BUFVFS) { /* does string fit into buffer? */
+ char *bf = getbuff(buff, cast_int(slen));
+ memcpy(bf, str, slen); /* add string to buffer */
+ addsize(buff, cast_int(slen));
+ }
+ else { /* string larger than buffer */
+ clearbuff(buff); /* string comes after buffer's content */
+ pushstr(buff, str, slen); /* push string */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Add a numeral to the buffer.
+*/
+static void addnum2buff (BuffFS *buff, TValue *num) {
+ char *numbuff = getbuff(buff, MAXNUMBER2STR);
+ int len = tostringbuff(num, numbuff); /* format number into 'numbuff' */
+ addsize(buff, len);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** this function handles only '%d', '%c', '%f', '%p', '%s', and '%%'
+ conventional formats, plus Lua-specific '%I' and '%U'
+*/
+const char *luaO_pushvfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, va_list argp) {
+ BuffFS buff; /* holds last part of the result */
+ const char *e; /* points to next '%' */
+ buff.pushed = buff.blen = 0;
+ buff.L = L;
+ while ((e = strchr(fmt, '%')) != NULL) {
+ addstr2buff(&buff, fmt, e - fmt); /* add 'fmt' up to '%' */
+ switch (*(e + 1)) { /* conversion specifier */
+ case 's': { /* zero-terminated string */
+ const char *s = va_arg(argp, char *);
+ if (s == NULL) s = "(null)";
+ addstr2buff(&buff, s, strlen(s));
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'c': { /* an 'int' as a character */
+ char c = cast_uchar(va_arg(argp, int));
+ addstr2buff(&buff, &c, sizeof(char));
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'd': { /* an 'int' */
+ TValue num;
+ setivalue(&num, va_arg(argp, int));
+ addnum2buff(&buff, &num);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'I': { /* a 'lua_Integer' */
+ TValue num;
+ setivalue(&num, cast(lua_Integer, va_arg(argp, l_uacInt)));
+ addnum2buff(&buff, &num);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'f': { /* a 'lua_Number' */
+ TValue num;
+ setfltvalue(&num, cast_num(va_arg(argp, l_uacNumber)));
+ addnum2buff(&buff, &num);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'p': { /* a pointer */
+ const int sz = 3 * sizeof(void*) + 8; /* enough space for '%p' */
+ char *bf = getbuff(&buff, sz);
+ void *p = va_arg(argp, void *);
+ int len = lua_pointer2str(bf, sz, p);
+ addsize(&buff, len);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'U': { /* a 'long' as a UTF-8 sequence */
+ char bf[UTF8BUFFSZ];
+ int len = luaO_utf8esc(bf, va_arg(argp, long));
+ addstr2buff(&buff, bf + UTF8BUFFSZ - len, len);
+ break;
+ }
+ case '%': {
+ addstr2buff(&buff, "%", 1);
+ break;
+ }
+ default: {
+ luaG_runerror(L, "invalid option '%%%c' to 'lua_pushfstring'",
+ *(e + 1));
+ }
+ }
+ fmt = e + 2; /* skip '%' and the specifier */
+ }
+ addstr2buff(&buff, fmt, strlen(fmt)); /* rest of 'fmt' */
+ clearbuff(&buff); /* empty buffer into the stack */
+ lua_assert(buff.pushed == 1);
+ return svalue(s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+}
+
+
+const char *luaO_pushfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...) {
+ const char *msg;
+ va_list argp;
+ va_start(argp, fmt);
+ msg = luaO_pushvfstring(L, fmt, argp);
+ va_end(argp);
+ return msg;
+}
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+#define RETS "..."
+#define PRE "[string \""
+#define POS "\"]"
+
+#define addstr(a,b,l) ( memcpy(a,b,(l) * sizeof(char)), a += (l) )
+
+void luaO_chunkid (char *out, const char *source, size_t srclen) {
+ size_t bufflen = LUA_IDSIZE; /* free space in buffer */
+ if (*source == '=') { /* 'literal' source */
+ if (srclen <= bufflen) /* small enough? */
+ memcpy(out, source + 1, srclen * sizeof(char));
+ else { /* truncate it */
+ addstr(out, source + 1, bufflen - 1);
+ *out = '\0';
+ }
+ }
+ else if (*source == '@') { /* file name */
+ if (srclen <= bufflen) /* small enough? */
+ memcpy(out, source + 1, srclen * sizeof(char));
+ else { /* add '...' before rest of name */
+ addstr(out, RETS, LL(RETS));
+ bufflen -= LL(RETS);
+ memcpy(out, source + 1 + srclen - bufflen, bufflen * sizeof(char));
+ }
+ }
+ else { /* string; format as [string "source"] */
+ const char *nl = strchr(source, '\n'); /* find first new line (if any) */
+ addstr(out, PRE, LL(PRE)); /* add prefix */
+ bufflen -= LL(PRE RETS POS) + 1; /* save space for prefix+suffix+'\0' */
+ if (srclen < bufflen && nl == NULL) { /* small one-line source? */
+ addstr(out, source, srclen); /* keep it */
+ }
+ else {
+ if (nl != NULL) srclen = nl - source; /* stop at first newline */
+ if (srclen > bufflen) srclen = bufflen;
+ addstr(out, source, srclen);
+ addstr(out, RETS, LL(RETS));
+ }
+ memcpy(out, POS, (LL(POS) + 1) * sizeof(char));
+ }
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lobject.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lobject.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..556608e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lobject.h
@@ -0,0 +1,815 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lobject.h $
+** Type definitions for Lua objects
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+
+#ifndef lobject_h
+#define lobject_h
+
+
+#include
+
+
+#include "llimits.h"
+#include "lua.h"
+
+
+/*
+** Extra types for collectable non-values
+*/
+#define LUA_TUPVAL LUA_NUMTYPES /* upvalues */
+#define LUA_TPROTO (LUA_NUMTYPES+1) /* function prototypes */
+#define LUA_TDEADKEY (LUA_NUMTYPES+2) /* removed keys in tables */
+
+
+
+/*
+** number of all possible types (including LUA_TNONE but excluding DEADKEY)
+*/
+#define LUA_TOTALTYPES (LUA_TPROTO + 2)
+
+
+/*
+** tags for Tagged Values have the following use of bits:
+** bits 0-3: actual tag (a LUA_T* constant)
+** bits 4-5: variant bits
+** bit 6: whether value is collectable
+*/
+
+/* add variant bits to a type */
+#define makevariant(t,v) ((t) | ((v) << 4))
+
+
+
+/*
+** Union of all Lua values
+*/
+typedef union Value {
+ struct GCObject *gc; /* collectable objects */
+ void *p; /* light userdata */
+ lua_CFunction f; /* light C functions */
+ lua_Integer i; /* integer numbers */
+ lua_Number n; /* float numbers */
+ /* not used, but may avoid warnings for uninitialized value */
+ lu_byte ub;
+} Value;
+
+
+/*
+** Tagged Values. This is the basic representation of values in Lua:
+** an actual value plus a tag with its type.
+*/
+
+#define TValuefields Value value_; lu_byte tt_
+
+typedef struct TValue {
+ TValuefields;
+} TValue;
+
+
+#define val_(o) ((o)->value_)
+#define valraw(o) (val_(o))
+
+
+/* raw type tag of a TValue */
+#define rawtt(o) ((o)->tt_)
+
+/* tag with no variants (bits 0-3) */
+#define novariant(t) ((t) & 0x0F)
+
+/* type tag of a TValue (bits 0-3 for tags + variant bits 4-5) */
+#define withvariant(t) ((t) & 0x3F)
+#define ttypetag(o) withvariant(rawtt(o))
+
+/* type of a TValue */
+#define ttype(o) (novariant(rawtt(o)))
+
+
+/* Macros to test type */
+#define checktag(o,t) (rawtt(o) == (t))
+#define checktype(o,t) (ttype(o) == (t))
+
+
+/* Macros for internal tests */
+
+/* collectable object has the same tag as the original value */
+#define righttt(obj) (ttypetag(obj) == gcvalue(obj)->tt)
+
+/*
+** Any value being manipulated by the program either is non
+** collectable, or the collectable object has the right tag
+** and it is not dead. The option 'L == NULL' allows other
+** macros using this one to be used where L is not available.
+*/
+#define checkliveness(L,obj) \
+ ((void)L, lua_longassert(!iscollectable(obj) || \
+ (righttt(obj) && (L == NULL || !isdead(G(L),gcvalue(obj))))))
+
+
+/* Macros to set values */
+
+/* set a value's tag */
+#define settt_(o,t) ((o)->tt_=(t))
+
+
+/* main macro to copy values (from 'obj2' to 'obj1') */
+#define setobj(L,obj1,obj2) \
+ { TValue *io1=(obj1); const TValue *io2=(obj2); \
+ io1->value_ = io2->value_; settt_(io1, io2->tt_); \
+ checkliveness(L,io1); lua_assert(!isnonstrictnil(io1)); }
+
+/*
+** Different types of assignments, according to source and destination.
+** (They are mostly equal now, but may be different in the future.)
+*/
+
+/* from stack to stack */
+#define setobjs2s(L,o1,o2) setobj(L,s2v(o1),s2v(o2))
+/* to stack (not from same stack) */
+#define setobj2s(L,o1,o2) setobj(L,s2v(o1),o2)
+/* from table to same table */
+#define setobjt2t setobj
+/* to new object */
+#define setobj2n setobj
+/* to table */
+#define setobj2t setobj
+
+
+/*
+** Entries in a Lua stack. Field 'tbclist' forms a list of all
+** to-be-closed variables active in this stack. Dummy entries are
+** used when the distance between two tbc variables does not fit
+** in an unsigned short. They are represented by delta==0, and
+** their real delta is always the maximum value that fits in
+** that field.
+*/
+typedef union StackValue {
+ TValue val;
+ struct {
+ TValuefields;
+ unsigned short delta;
+ } tbclist;
+} StackValue;
+
+
+/* index to stack elements */
+typedef StackValue *StkId;
+
+
+/*
+** When reallocating the stack, change all pointers to the stack into
+** proper offsets.
+*/
+typedef union {
+ StkId p; /* actual pointer */
+ ptrdiff_t offset; /* used while the stack is being reallocated */
+} StkIdRel;
+
+
+/* convert a 'StackValue' to a 'TValue' */
+#define s2v(o) (&(o)->val)
+
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Nil
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/* Standard nil */
+#define LUA_VNIL makevariant(LUA_TNIL, 0)
+
+/* Empty slot (which might be different from a slot containing nil) */
+#define LUA_VEMPTY makevariant(LUA_TNIL, 1)
+
+/* Value returned for a key not found in a table (absent key) */
+#define LUA_VABSTKEY makevariant(LUA_TNIL, 2)
+
+
+/* macro to test for (any kind of) nil */
+#define ttisnil(v) checktype((v), LUA_TNIL)
+
+
+/* macro to test for a standard nil */
+#define ttisstrictnil(o) checktag((o), LUA_VNIL)
+
+
+#define setnilvalue(obj) settt_(obj, LUA_VNIL)
+
+
+#define isabstkey(v) checktag((v), LUA_VABSTKEY)
+
+
+/*
+** macro to detect non-standard nils (used only in assertions)
+*/
+#define isnonstrictnil(v) (ttisnil(v) && !ttisstrictnil(v))
+
+
+/*
+** By default, entries with any kind of nil are considered empty.
+** (In any definition, values associated with absent keys must also
+** be accepted as empty.)
+*/
+#define isempty(v) ttisnil(v)
+
+
+/* macro defining a value corresponding to an absent key */
+#define ABSTKEYCONSTANT {NULL}, LUA_VABSTKEY
+
+
+/* mark an entry as empty */
+#define setempty(v) settt_(v, LUA_VEMPTY)
+
+
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Booleans
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+
+#define LUA_VFALSE makevariant(LUA_TBOOLEAN, 0)
+#define LUA_VTRUE makevariant(LUA_TBOOLEAN, 1)
+
+#define ttisboolean(o) checktype((o), LUA_TBOOLEAN)
+#define ttisfalse(o) checktag((o), LUA_VFALSE)
+#define ttistrue(o) checktag((o), LUA_VTRUE)
+
+
+#define l_isfalse(o) (ttisfalse(o) || ttisnil(o))
+
+
+#define setbfvalue(obj) settt_(obj, LUA_VFALSE)
+#define setbtvalue(obj) settt_(obj, LUA_VTRUE)
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Threads
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+#define LUA_VTHREAD makevariant(LUA_TTHREAD, 0)
+
+#define ttisthread(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VTHREAD))
+
+#define thvalue(o) check_exp(ttisthread(o), gco2th(val_(o).gc))
+
+#define setthvalue(L,obj,x) \
+ { TValue *io = (obj); lua_State *x_ = (x); \
+ val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_VTHREAD)); \
+ checkliveness(L,io); }
+
+#define setthvalue2s(L,o,t) setthvalue(L,s2v(o),t)
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Collectable Objects
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+** Common Header for all collectable objects (in macro form, to be
+** included in other objects)
+*/
+#define CommonHeader struct GCObject *next; lu_byte tt; lu_byte marked
+
+
+/* Common type for all collectable objects */
+typedef struct GCObject {
+ CommonHeader;
+} GCObject;
+
+
+/* Bit mark for collectable types */
+#define BIT_ISCOLLECTABLE (1 << 6)
+
+#define iscollectable(o) (rawtt(o) & BIT_ISCOLLECTABLE)
+
+/* mark a tag as collectable */
+#define ctb(t) ((t) | BIT_ISCOLLECTABLE)
+
+#define gcvalue(o) check_exp(iscollectable(o), val_(o).gc)
+
+#define gcvalueraw(v) ((v).gc)
+
+#define setgcovalue(L,obj,x) \
+ { TValue *io = (obj); GCObject *i_g=(x); \
+ val_(io).gc = i_g; settt_(io, ctb(i_g->tt)); }
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Numbers
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/* Variant tags for numbers */
+#define LUA_VNUMINT makevariant(LUA_TNUMBER, 0) /* integer numbers */
+#define LUA_VNUMFLT makevariant(LUA_TNUMBER, 1) /* float numbers */
+
+#define ttisnumber(o) checktype((o), LUA_TNUMBER)
+#define ttisfloat(o) checktag((o), LUA_VNUMFLT)
+#define ttisinteger(o) checktag((o), LUA_VNUMINT)
+
+#define nvalue(o) check_exp(ttisnumber(o), \
+ (ttisinteger(o) ? cast_num(ivalue(o)) : fltvalue(o)))
+#define fltvalue(o) check_exp(ttisfloat(o), val_(o).n)
+#define ivalue(o) check_exp(ttisinteger(o), val_(o).i)
+
+#define fltvalueraw(v) ((v).n)
+#define ivalueraw(v) ((v).i)
+
+#define setfltvalue(obj,x) \
+ { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).n=(x); settt_(io, LUA_VNUMFLT); }
+
+#define chgfltvalue(obj,x) \
+ { TValue *io=(obj); lua_assert(ttisfloat(io)); val_(io).n=(x); }
+
+#define setivalue(obj,x) \
+ { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).i=(x); settt_(io, LUA_VNUMINT); }
+
+#define chgivalue(obj,x) \
+ { TValue *io=(obj); lua_assert(ttisinteger(io)); val_(io).i=(x); }
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Strings
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/* Variant tags for strings */
+#define LUA_VSHRSTR makevariant(LUA_TSTRING, 0) /* short strings */
+#define LUA_VLNGSTR makevariant(LUA_TSTRING, 1) /* long strings */
+
+#define ttisstring(o) checktype((o), LUA_TSTRING)
+#define ttisshrstring(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VSHRSTR))
+#define ttislngstring(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VLNGSTR))
+
+#define tsvalueraw(v) (gco2ts((v).gc))
+
+#define tsvalue(o) check_exp(ttisstring(o), gco2ts(val_(o).gc))
+
+#define setsvalue(L,obj,x) \
+ { TValue *io = (obj); TString *x_ = (x); \
+ val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(x_->tt)); \
+ checkliveness(L,io); }
+
+/* set a string to the stack */
+#define setsvalue2s(L,o,s) setsvalue(L,s2v(o),s)
+
+/* set a string to a new object */
+#define setsvalue2n setsvalue
+
+
+/*
+** Header for a string value.
+*/
+typedef struct TString {
+ CommonHeader;
+ lu_byte extra; /* reserved words for short strings; "has hash" for longs */
+ lu_byte shrlen; /* length for short strings */
+ unsigned int hash;
+ union {
+ size_t lnglen; /* length for long strings */
+ struct TString *hnext; /* linked list for hash table */
+ } u;
+ char contents[1];
+} TString;
+
+
+
+/*
+** Get the actual string (array of bytes) from a 'TString'.
+*/
+#define getstr(ts) ((ts)->contents)
+
+
+/* get the actual string (array of bytes) from a Lua value */
+#define svalue(o) getstr(tsvalue(o))
+
+/* get string length from 'TString *s' */
+#define tsslen(s) ((s)->tt == LUA_VSHRSTR ? (s)->shrlen : (s)->u.lnglen)
+
+/* get string length from 'TValue *o' */
+#define vslen(o) tsslen(tsvalue(o))
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Userdata
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+
+/*
+** Light userdata should be a variant of userdata, but for compatibility
+** reasons they are also different types.
+*/
+#define LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA makevariant(LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA, 0)
+
+#define LUA_VUSERDATA makevariant(LUA_TUSERDATA, 0)
+
+#define ttislightuserdata(o) checktag((o), LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA)
+#define ttisfulluserdata(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VUSERDATA))
+
+#define pvalue(o) check_exp(ttislightuserdata(o), val_(o).p)
+#define uvalue(o) check_exp(ttisfulluserdata(o), gco2u(val_(o).gc))
+
+#define pvalueraw(v) ((v).p)
+
+#define setpvalue(obj,x) \
+ { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).p=(x); settt_(io, LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA); }
+
+#define setuvalue(L,obj,x) \
+ { TValue *io = (obj); Udata *x_ = (x); \
+ val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_VUSERDATA)); \
+ checkliveness(L,io); }
+
+
+/* Ensures that addresses after this type are always fully aligned. */
+typedef union UValue {
+ TValue uv;
+ LUAI_MAXALIGN; /* ensures maximum alignment for udata bytes */
+} UValue;
+
+
+/*
+** Header for userdata with user values;
+** memory area follows the end of this structure.
+*/
+typedef struct Udata {
+ CommonHeader;
+ unsigned short nuvalue; /* number of user values */
+ size_t len; /* number of bytes */
+ struct Table *metatable;
+ GCObject *gclist;
+ UValue uv[1]; /* user values */
+} Udata;
+
+
+/*
+** Header for userdata with no user values. These userdata do not need
+** to be gray during GC, and therefore do not need a 'gclist' field.
+** To simplify, the code always use 'Udata' for both kinds of userdata,
+** making sure it never accesses 'gclist' on userdata with no user values.
+** This structure here is used only to compute the correct size for
+** this representation. (The 'bindata' field in its end ensures correct
+** alignment for binary data following this header.)
+*/
+typedef struct Udata0 {
+ CommonHeader;
+ unsigned short nuvalue; /* number of user values */
+ size_t len; /* number of bytes */
+ struct Table *metatable;
+ union {LUAI_MAXALIGN;} bindata;
+} Udata0;
+
+
+/* compute the offset of the memory area of a userdata */
+#define udatamemoffset(nuv) \
+ ((nuv) == 0 ? offsetof(Udata0, bindata) \
+ : offsetof(Udata, uv) + (sizeof(UValue) * (nuv)))
+
+/* get the address of the memory block inside 'Udata' */
+#define getudatamem(u) (cast_charp(u) + udatamemoffset((u)->nuvalue))
+
+/* compute the size of a userdata */
+#define sizeudata(nuv,nb) (udatamemoffset(nuv) + (nb))
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Prototypes
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+#define LUA_VPROTO makevariant(LUA_TPROTO, 0)
+
+
+/*
+** Description of an upvalue for function prototypes
+*/
+typedef struct Upvaldesc {
+ TString *name; /* upvalue name (for debug information) */
+ lu_byte instack; /* whether it is in stack (register) */
+ lu_byte idx; /* index of upvalue (in stack or in outer function's list) */
+ lu_byte kind; /* kind of corresponding variable */
+} Upvaldesc;
+
+
+/*
+** Description of a local variable for function prototypes
+** (used for debug information)
+*/
+typedef struct LocVar {
+ TString *varname;
+ int startpc; /* first point where variable is active */
+ int endpc; /* first point where variable is dead */
+} LocVar;
+
+
+/*
+** Associates the absolute line source for a given instruction ('pc').
+** The array 'lineinfo' gives, for each instruction, the difference in
+** lines from the previous instruction. When that difference does not
+** fit into a byte, Lua saves the absolute line for that instruction.
+** (Lua also saves the absolute line periodically, to speed up the
+** computation of a line number: we can use binary search in the
+** absolute-line array, but we must traverse the 'lineinfo' array
+** linearly to compute a line.)
+*/
+typedef struct AbsLineInfo {
+ int pc;
+ int line;
+} AbsLineInfo;
+
+/*
+** Function Prototypes
+*/
+typedef struct Proto {
+ CommonHeader;
+ lu_byte numparams; /* number of fixed (named) parameters */
+ lu_byte is_vararg;
+ lu_byte maxstacksize; /* number of registers needed by this function */
+ int sizeupvalues; /* size of 'upvalues' */
+ int sizek; /* size of 'k' */
+ int sizecode;
+ int sizelineinfo;
+ int sizep; /* size of 'p' */
+ int sizelocvars;
+ int sizeabslineinfo; /* size of 'abslineinfo' */
+ int linedefined; /* debug information */
+ int lastlinedefined; /* debug information */
+ TValue *k; /* constants used by the function */
+ Instruction *code; /* opcodes */
+ struct Proto **p; /* functions defined inside the function */
+ Upvaldesc *upvalues; /* upvalue information */
+ ls_byte *lineinfo; /* information about source lines (debug information) */
+ AbsLineInfo *abslineinfo; /* idem */
+ LocVar *locvars; /* information about local variables (debug information) */
+ TString *source; /* used for debug information */
+ GCObject *gclist;
+} Proto;
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Functions
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+#define LUA_VUPVAL makevariant(LUA_TUPVAL, 0)
+
+
+/* Variant tags for functions */
+#define LUA_VLCL makevariant(LUA_TFUNCTION, 0) /* Lua closure */
+#define LUA_VLCF makevariant(LUA_TFUNCTION, 1) /* light C function */
+#define LUA_VCCL makevariant(LUA_TFUNCTION, 2) /* C closure */
+
+#define ttisfunction(o) checktype(o, LUA_TFUNCTION)
+#define ttisLclosure(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VLCL))
+#define ttislcf(o) checktag((o), LUA_VLCF)
+#define ttisCclosure(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VCCL))
+#define ttisclosure(o) (ttisLclosure(o) || ttisCclosure(o))
+
+
+#define isLfunction(o) ttisLclosure(o)
+
+#define clvalue(o) check_exp(ttisclosure(o), gco2cl(val_(o).gc))
+#define clLvalue(o) check_exp(ttisLclosure(o), gco2lcl(val_(o).gc))
+#define fvalue(o) check_exp(ttislcf(o), val_(o).f)
+#define clCvalue(o) check_exp(ttisCclosure(o), gco2ccl(val_(o).gc))
+
+#define fvalueraw(v) ((v).f)
+
+#define setclLvalue(L,obj,x) \
+ { TValue *io = (obj); LClosure *x_ = (x); \
+ val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_VLCL)); \
+ checkliveness(L,io); }
+
+#define setclLvalue2s(L,o,cl) setclLvalue(L,s2v(o),cl)
+
+#define setfvalue(obj,x) \
+ { TValue *io=(obj); val_(io).f=(x); settt_(io, LUA_VLCF); }
+
+#define setclCvalue(L,obj,x) \
+ { TValue *io = (obj); CClosure *x_ = (x); \
+ val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_VCCL)); \
+ checkliveness(L,io); }
+
+
+/*
+** Upvalues for Lua closures
+*/
+typedef struct UpVal {
+ CommonHeader;
+ union {
+ TValue *p; /* points to stack or to its own value */
+ ptrdiff_t offset; /* used while the stack is being reallocated */
+ } v;
+ union {
+ struct { /* (when open) */
+ struct UpVal *next; /* linked list */
+ struct UpVal **previous;
+ } open;
+ TValue value; /* the value (when closed) */
+ } u;
+} UpVal;
+
+
+
+#define ClosureHeader \
+ CommonHeader; lu_byte nupvalues; GCObject *gclist
+
+typedef struct CClosure {
+ ClosureHeader;
+ lua_CFunction f;
+ TValue upvalue[1]; /* list of upvalues */
+} CClosure;
+
+
+typedef struct LClosure {
+ ClosureHeader;
+ struct Proto *p;
+ UpVal *upvals[1]; /* list of upvalues */
+} LClosure;
+
+
+typedef union Closure {
+ CClosure c;
+ LClosure l;
+} Closure;
+
+
+#define getproto(o) (clLvalue(o)->p)
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Tables
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+#define LUA_VTABLE makevariant(LUA_TTABLE, 0)
+
+#define ttistable(o) checktag((o), ctb(LUA_VTABLE))
+
+#define hvalue(o) check_exp(ttistable(o), gco2t(val_(o).gc))
+
+#define sethvalue(L,obj,x) \
+ { TValue *io = (obj); Table *x_ = (x); \
+ val_(io).gc = obj2gco(x_); settt_(io, ctb(LUA_VTABLE)); \
+ checkliveness(L,io); }
+
+#define sethvalue2s(L,o,h) sethvalue(L,s2v(o),h)
+
+
+/*
+** Nodes for Hash tables: A pack of two TValue's (key-value pairs)
+** plus a 'next' field to link colliding entries. The distribution
+** of the key's fields ('key_tt' and 'key_val') not forming a proper
+** 'TValue' allows for a smaller size for 'Node' both in 4-byte
+** and 8-byte alignments.
+*/
+typedef union Node {
+ struct NodeKey {
+ TValuefields; /* fields for value */
+ lu_byte key_tt; /* key type */
+ int next; /* for chaining */
+ Value key_val; /* key value */
+ } u;
+ TValue i_val; /* direct access to node's value as a proper 'TValue' */
+} Node;
+
+
+/* copy a value into a key */
+#define setnodekey(L,node,obj) \
+ { Node *n_=(node); const TValue *io_=(obj); \
+ n_->u.key_val = io_->value_; n_->u.key_tt = io_->tt_; \
+ checkliveness(L,io_); }
+
+
+/* copy a value from a key */
+#define getnodekey(L,obj,node) \
+ { TValue *io_=(obj); const Node *n_=(node); \
+ io_->value_ = n_->u.key_val; io_->tt_ = n_->u.key_tt; \
+ checkliveness(L,io_); }
+
+
+/*
+** About 'alimit': if 'isrealasize(t)' is true, then 'alimit' is the
+** real size of 'array'. Otherwise, the real size of 'array' is the
+** smallest power of two not smaller than 'alimit' (or zero iff 'alimit'
+** is zero); 'alimit' is then used as a hint for #t.
+*/
+
+#define BITRAS (1 << 7)
+#define isrealasize(t) (!((t)->flags & BITRAS))
+#define setrealasize(t) ((t)->flags &= cast_byte(~BITRAS))
+#define setnorealasize(t) ((t)->flags |= BITRAS)
+
+
+typedef struct Table {
+ CommonHeader;
+ lu_byte flags; /* 1<
u.key_tt)
+#define keyval(node) ((node)->u.key_val)
+
+#define keyisnil(node) (keytt(node) == LUA_TNIL)
+#define keyisinteger(node) (keytt(node) == LUA_VNUMINT)
+#define keyival(node) (keyval(node).i)
+#define keyisshrstr(node) (keytt(node) == ctb(LUA_VSHRSTR))
+#define keystrval(node) (gco2ts(keyval(node).gc))
+
+#define setnilkey(node) (keytt(node) = LUA_TNIL)
+
+#define keyiscollectable(n) (keytt(n) & BIT_ISCOLLECTABLE)
+
+#define gckey(n) (keyval(n).gc)
+#define gckeyN(n) (keyiscollectable(n) ? gckey(n) : NULL)
+
+
+/*
+** Dead keys in tables have the tag DEADKEY but keep their original
+** gcvalue. This distinguishes them from regular keys but allows them to
+** be found when searched in a special way. ('next' needs that to find
+** keys removed from a table during a traversal.)
+*/
+#define setdeadkey(node) (keytt(node) = LUA_TDEADKEY)
+#define keyisdead(node) (keytt(node) == LUA_TDEADKEY)
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+
+/*
+** 'module' operation for hashing (size is always a power of 2)
+*/
+#define lmod(s,size) \
+ (check_exp((size&(size-1))==0, (cast_int((s) & ((size)-1)))))
+
+
+#define twoto(x) (1<<(x))
+#define sizenode(t) (twoto((t)->lsizenode))
+
+
+/* size of buffer for 'luaO_utf8esc' function */
+#define UTF8BUFFSZ 8
+
+LUAI_FUNC int luaO_utf8esc (char *buff, unsigned long x);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaO_ceillog2 (unsigned int x);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaO_rawarith (lua_State *L, int op, const TValue *p1,
+ const TValue *p2, TValue *res);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaO_arith (lua_State *L, int op, const TValue *p1,
+ const TValue *p2, StkId res);
+LUAI_FUNC size_t luaO_str2num (const char *s, TValue *o);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaO_hexavalue (int c);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaO_tostring (lua_State *L, TValue *obj);
+LUAI_FUNC const char *luaO_pushvfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt,
+ va_list argp);
+LUAI_FUNC const char *luaO_pushfstring (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaO_chunkid (char *out, const char *source, size_t srclen);
+
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lopcodes.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lopcodes.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c67aa22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lopcodes.c
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lopcodes.c $
+** Opcodes for Lua virtual machine
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lopcodes_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include "lopcodes.h"
+
+
+/* ORDER OP */
+
+LUAI_DDEF const lu_byte luaP_opmodes[NUM_OPCODES] = {
+/* MM OT IT T A mode opcode */
+ opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_MOVE */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iAsBx) /* OP_LOADI */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iAsBx) /* OP_LOADF */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABx) /* OP_LOADK */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABx) /* OP_LOADKX */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_LOADFALSE */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_LFALSESKIP */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_LOADTRUE */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_LOADNIL */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_GETUPVAL */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_SETUPVAL */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_GETTABUP */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_GETTABLE */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_GETI */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_GETFIELD */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_SETTABUP */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_SETTABLE */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_SETI */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_SETFIELD */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_NEWTABLE */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_SELF */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_ADDI */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_ADDK */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_SUBK */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_MULK */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_MODK */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_POWK */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_DIVK */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_IDIVK */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_BANDK */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_BORK */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_BXORK */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_SHRI */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_SHLI */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_ADD */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_SUB */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_MUL */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_MOD */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_POW */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_DIV */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_IDIV */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_BAND */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_BOR */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_BXOR */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_SHL */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_SHR */
+ ,opmode(1, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_MMBIN */
+ ,opmode(1, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_MMBINI*/
+ ,opmode(1, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_MMBINK*/
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_UNM */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_BNOT */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_NOT */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_LEN */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_CONCAT */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_CLOSE */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_TBC */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, isJ) /* OP_JMP */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_EQ */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_LT */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_LE */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_EQK */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_EQI */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_LTI */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_LEI */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_GTI */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_GEI */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, iABC) /* OP_TEST */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 1, 1, iABC) /* OP_TESTSET */
+ ,opmode(0, 1, 1, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_CALL */
+ ,opmode(0, 1, 1, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_TAILCALL */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 1, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_RETURN */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_RETURN0 */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_RETURN1 */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABx) /* OP_FORLOOP */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABx) /* OP_FORPREP */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABx) /* OP_TFORPREP */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_TFORCALL */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABx) /* OP_TFORLOOP */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 1, 0, 0, iABC) /* OP_SETLIST */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 1, iABx) /* OP_CLOSURE */
+ ,opmode(0, 1, 0, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_VARARG */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 1, 0, 1, iABC) /* OP_VARARGPREP */
+ ,opmode(0, 0, 0, 0, 0, iAx) /* OP_EXTRAARG */
+};
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lopcodes.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lopcodes.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4c55145
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lopcodes.h
@@ -0,0 +1,405 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lopcodes.h $
+** Opcodes for Lua virtual machine
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef lopcodes_h
+#define lopcodes_h
+
+#include "llimits.h"
+
+
+/*===========================================================================
+ We assume that instructions are unsigned 32-bit integers.
+ All instructions have an opcode in the first 7 bits.
+ Instructions can have the following formats:
+
+ 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
+ 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
+iABC C(8) | B(8) |k| A(8) | Op(7) |
+iABx Bx(17) | A(8) | Op(7) |
+iAsBx sBx (signed)(17) | A(8) | Op(7) |
+iAx Ax(25) | Op(7) |
+isJ sJ (signed)(25) | Op(7) |
+
+ A signed argument is represented in excess K: the represented value is
+ the written unsigned value minus K, where K is half the maximum for the
+ corresponding unsigned argument.
+===========================================================================*/
+
+
+enum OpMode {iABC, iABx, iAsBx, iAx, isJ}; /* basic instruction formats */
+
+
+/*
+** size and position of opcode arguments.
+*/
+#define SIZE_C 8
+#define SIZE_B 8
+#define SIZE_Bx (SIZE_C + SIZE_B + 1)
+#define SIZE_A 8
+#define SIZE_Ax (SIZE_Bx + SIZE_A)
+#define SIZE_sJ (SIZE_Bx + SIZE_A)
+
+#define SIZE_OP 7
+
+#define POS_OP 0
+
+#define POS_A (POS_OP + SIZE_OP)
+#define POS_k (POS_A + SIZE_A)
+#define POS_B (POS_k + 1)
+#define POS_C (POS_B + SIZE_B)
+
+#define POS_Bx POS_k
+
+#define POS_Ax POS_A
+
+#define POS_sJ POS_A
+
+
+/*
+** limits for opcode arguments.
+** we use (signed) 'int' to manipulate most arguments,
+** so they must fit in ints.
+*/
+
+/* Check whether type 'int' has at least 'b' bits ('b' < 32) */
+#define L_INTHASBITS(b) ((UINT_MAX >> ((b) - 1)) >= 1)
+
+
+#if L_INTHASBITS(SIZE_Bx)
+#define MAXARG_Bx ((1<>1) /* 'sBx' is signed */
+
+
+#if L_INTHASBITS(SIZE_Ax)
+#define MAXARG_Ax ((1<> 1)
+
+
+#define MAXARG_A ((1<> 1)
+
+#define int2sC(i) ((i) + OFFSET_sC)
+#define sC2int(i) ((i) - OFFSET_sC)
+
+
+/* creates a mask with 'n' 1 bits at position 'p' */
+#define MASK1(n,p) ((~((~(Instruction)0)<<(n)))<<(p))
+
+/* creates a mask with 'n' 0 bits at position 'p' */
+#define MASK0(n,p) (~MASK1(n,p))
+
+/*
+** the following macros help to manipulate instructions
+*/
+
+#define GET_OPCODE(i) (cast(OpCode, ((i)>>POS_OP) & MASK1(SIZE_OP,0)))
+#define SET_OPCODE(i,o) ((i) = (((i)&MASK0(SIZE_OP,POS_OP)) | \
+ ((cast(Instruction, o)<>(pos)) & MASK1(size,0)))
+#define setarg(i,v,pos,size) ((i) = (((i)&MASK0(size,pos)) | \
+ ((cast(Instruction, v)<> sC */
+OP_SHLI,/* A B sC R[A] := sC << R[B] */
+
+OP_ADD,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] + R[C] */
+OP_SUB,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] - R[C] */
+OP_MUL,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] * R[C] */
+OP_MOD,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] % R[C] */
+OP_POW,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] ^ R[C] */
+OP_DIV,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] / R[C] */
+OP_IDIV,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] // R[C] */
+
+OP_BAND,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] & R[C] */
+OP_BOR,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] | R[C] */
+OP_BXOR,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] ~ R[C] */
+OP_SHL,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] << R[C] */
+OP_SHR,/* A B C R[A] := R[B] >> R[C] */
+
+OP_MMBIN,/* A B C call C metamethod over R[A] and R[B] (*) */
+OP_MMBINI,/* A sB C k call C metamethod over R[A] and sB */
+OP_MMBINK,/* A B C k call C metamethod over R[A] and K[B] */
+
+OP_UNM,/* A B R[A] := -R[B] */
+OP_BNOT,/* A B R[A] := ~R[B] */
+OP_NOT,/* A B R[A] := not R[B] */
+OP_LEN,/* A B R[A] := #R[B] (length operator) */
+
+OP_CONCAT,/* A B R[A] := R[A].. ... ..R[A + B - 1] */
+
+OP_CLOSE,/* A close all upvalues >= R[A] */
+OP_TBC,/* A mark variable A "to be closed" */
+OP_JMP,/* sJ pc += sJ */
+OP_EQ,/* A B k if ((R[A] == R[B]) ~= k) then pc++ */
+OP_LT,/* A B k if ((R[A] < R[B]) ~= k) then pc++ */
+OP_LE,/* A B k if ((R[A] <= R[B]) ~= k) then pc++ */
+
+OP_EQK,/* A B k if ((R[A] == K[B]) ~= k) then pc++ */
+OP_EQI,/* A sB k if ((R[A] == sB) ~= k) then pc++ */
+OP_LTI,/* A sB k if ((R[A] < sB) ~= k) then pc++ */
+OP_LEI,/* A sB k if ((R[A] <= sB) ~= k) then pc++ */
+OP_GTI,/* A sB k if ((R[A] > sB) ~= k) then pc++ */
+OP_GEI,/* A sB k if ((R[A] >= sB) ~= k) then pc++ */
+
+OP_TEST,/* A k if (not R[A] == k) then pc++ */
+OP_TESTSET,/* A B k if (not R[B] == k) then pc++ else R[A] := R[B] (*) */
+
+OP_CALL,/* A B C R[A], ... ,R[A+C-2] := R[A](R[A+1], ... ,R[A+B-1]) */
+OP_TAILCALL,/* A B C k return R[A](R[A+1], ... ,R[A+B-1]) */
+
+OP_RETURN,/* A B C k return R[A], ... ,R[A+B-2] (see note) */
+OP_RETURN0,/* return */
+OP_RETURN1,/* A return R[A] */
+
+OP_FORLOOP,/* A Bx update counters; if loop continues then pc-=Bx; */
+OP_FORPREP,/* A Bx ;
+ if not to run then pc+=Bx+1; */
+
+OP_TFORPREP,/* A Bx create upvalue for R[A + 3]; pc+=Bx */
+OP_TFORCALL,/* A C R[A+4], ... ,R[A+3+C] := R[A](R[A+1], R[A+2]); */
+OP_TFORLOOP,/* A Bx if R[A+2] ~= nil then { R[A]=R[A+2]; pc -= Bx } */
+
+OP_SETLIST,/* A B C k R[A][C+i] := R[A+i], 1 <= i <= B */
+
+OP_CLOSURE,/* A Bx R[A] := closure(KPROTO[Bx]) */
+
+OP_VARARG,/* A C R[A], R[A+1], ..., R[A+C-2] = vararg */
+
+OP_VARARGPREP,/*A (adjust vararg parameters) */
+
+OP_EXTRAARG/* Ax extra (larger) argument for previous opcode */
+} OpCode;
+
+
+#define NUM_OPCODES ((int)(OP_EXTRAARG) + 1)
+
+
+
+/*===========================================================================
+ Notes:
+
+ (*) Opcode OP_LFALSESKIP is used to convert a condition to a boolean
+ value, in a code equivalent to (not cond ? false : true). (It
+ produces false and skips the next instruction producing true.)
+
+ (*) Opcodes OP_MMBIN and variants follow each arithmetic and
+ bitwise opcode. If the operation succeeds, it skips this next
+ opcode. Otherwise, this opcode calls the corresponding metamethod.
+
+ (*) Opcode OP_TESTSET is used in short-circuit expressions that need
+ both to jump and to produce a value, such as (a = b or c).
+
+ (*) In OP_CALL, if (B == 0) then B = top - A. If (C == 0), then
+ 'top' is set to last_result+1, so next open instruction (OP_CALL,
+ OP_RETURN*, OP_SETLIST) may use 'top'.
+
+ (*) In OP_VARARG, if (C == 0) then use actual number of varargs and
+ set top (like in OP_CALL with C == 0).
+
+ (*) In OP_RETURN, if (B == 0) then return up to 'top'.
+
+ (*) In OP_LOADKX and OP_NEWTABLE, the next instruction is always
+ OP_EXTRAARG.
+
+ (*) In OP_SETLIST, if (B == 0) then real B = 'top'; if k, then
+ real C = EXTRAARG _ C (the bits of EXTRAARG concatenated with the
+ bits of C).
+
+ (*) In OP_NEWTABLE, B is log2 of the hash size (which is always a
+ power of 2) plus 1, or zero for size zero. If not k, the array size
+ is C. Otherwise, the array size is EXTRAARG _ C.
+
+ (*) For comparisons, k specifies what condition the test should accept
+ (true or false).
+
+ (*) In OP_MMBINI/OP_MMBINK, k means the arguments were flipped
+ (the constant is the first operand).
+
+ (*) All 'skips' (pc++) assume that next instruction is a jump.
+
+ (*) In instructions OP_RETURN/OP_TAILCALL, 'k' specifies that the
+ function builds upvalues, which may need to be closed. C > 0 means
+ the function is vararg, so that its 'func' must be corrected before
+ returning; in this case, (C - 1) is its number of fixed parameters.
+
+ (*) In comparisons with an immediate operand, C signals whether the
+ original operand was a float. (It must be corrected in case of
+ metamethods.)
+
+===========================================================================*/
+
+
+/*
+** masks for instruction properties. The format is:
+** bits 0-2: op mode
+** bit 3: instruction set register A
+** bit 4: operator is a test (next instruction must be a jump)
+** bit 5: instruction uses 'L->top' set by previous instruction (when B == 0)
+** bit 6: instruction sets 'L->top' for next instruction (when C == 0)
+** bit 7: instruction is an MM instruction (call a metamethod)
+*/
+
+LUAI_DDEC(const lu_byte luaP_opmodes[NUM_OPCODES];)
+
+#define getOpMode(m) (cast(enum OpMode, luaP_opmodes[m] & 7))
+#define testAMode(m) (luaP_opmodes[m] & (1 << 3))
+#define testTMode(m) (luaP_opmodes[m] & (1 << 4))
+#define testITMode(m) (luaP_opmodes[m] & (1 << 5))
+#define testOTMode(m) (luaP_opmodes[m] & (1 << 6))
+#define testMMMode(m) (luaP_opmodes[m] & (1 << 7))
+
+/* "out top" (set top for next instruction) */
+#define isOT(i) \
+ ((testOTMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) && GETARG_C(i) == 0) || \
+ GET_OPCODE(i) == OP_TAILCALL)
+
+/* "in top" (uses top from previous instruction) */
+#define isIT(i) (testITMode(GET_OPCODE(i)) && GETARG_B(i) == 0)
+
+#define opmode(mm,ot,it,t,a,m) \
+ (((mm) << 7) | ((ot) << 6) | ((it) << 5) | ((t) << 4) | ((a) << 3) | (m))
+
+
+/* number of list items to accumulate before a SETLIST instruction */
+#define LFIELDS_PER_FLUSH 50
+
+#endif
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lopnames.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lopnames.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..965cec9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lopnames.h
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lopnames.h $
+** Opcode names
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#if !defined(lopnames_h)
+#define lopnames_h
+
+#include
+
+
+/* ORDER OP */
+
+static const char *const opnames[] = {
+ "MOVE",
+ "LOADI",
+ "LOADF",
+ "LOADK",
+ "LOADKX",
+ "LOADFALSE",
+ "LFALSESKIP",
+ "LOADTRUE",
+ "LOADNIL",
+ "GETUPVAL",
+ "SETUPVAL",
+ "GETTABUP",
+ "GETTABLE",
+ "GETI",
+ "GETFIELD",
+ "SETTABUP",
+ "SETTABLE",
+ "SETI",
+ "SETFIELD",
+ "NEWTABLE",
+ "SELF",
+ "ADDI",
+ "ADDK",
+ "SUBK",
+ "MULK",
+ "MODK",
+ "POWK",
+ "DIVK",
+ "IDIVK",
+ "BANDK",
+ "BORK",
+ "BXORK",
+ "SHRI",
+ "SHLI",
+ "ADD",
+ "SUB",
+ "MUL",
+ "MOD",
+ "POW",
+ "DIV",
+ "IDIV",
+ "BAND",
+ "BOR",
+ "BXOR",
+ "SHL",
+ "SHR",
+ "MMBIN",
+ "MMBINI",
+ "MMBINK",
+ "UNM",
+ "BNOT",
+ "NOT",
+ "LEN",
+ "CONCAT",
+ "CLOSE",
+ "TBC",
+ "JMP",
+ "EQ",
+ "LT",
+ "LE",
+ "EQK",
+ "EQI",
+ "LTI",
+ "LEI",
+ "GTI",
+ "GEI",
+ "TEST",
+ "TESTSET",
+ "CALL",
+ "TAILCALL",
+ "RETURN",
+ "RETURN0",
+ "RETURN1",
+ "FORLOOP",
+ "FORPREP",
+ "TFORPREP",
+ "TFORCALL",
+ "TFORLOOP",
+ "SETLIST",
+ "CLOSURE",
+ "VARARG",
+ "VARARGPREP",
+ "EXTRAARG",
+ NULL
+};
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/loslib.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/loslib.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ad5a927
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/loslib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,428 @@
+/*
+** $Id: loslib.c $
+** Standard Operating System library
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define loslib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lauxlib.h"
+#include "lualib.h"
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** List of valid conversion specifiers for the 'strftime' function;
+** options are grouped by length; group of length 2 start with '||'.
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS) /* { */
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS)
+#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS "aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYzZ%" \
+ "||" "#c#x#d#H#I#j#m#M#S#U#w#W#y#Y" /* two-char options */
+#elif defined(LUA_USE_C89) /* ANSI C 89 (only 1-char options) */
+#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS "aAbBcdHIjmMpSUwWxXyYZ%"
+#else /* C99 specification */
+#define LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS "aAbBcCdDeFgGhHIjmMnprRStTuUVwWxXyYzZ%" \
+ "||" "EcECExEXEyEY" "OdOeOHOIOmOMOSOuOUOVOwOWOy" /* two-char options */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* } */
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Configuration for time-related stuff
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+** type to represent time_t in Lua
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_NUMTIME) /* { */
+
+#define l_timet lua_Integer
+#define l_pushtime(L,t) lua_pushinteger(L,(lua_Integer)(t))
+#define l_gettime(L,arg) luaL_checkinteger(L, arg)
+
+#else /* }{ */
+
+#define l_timet lua_Number
+#define l_pushtime(L,t) lua_pushnumber(L,(lua_Number)(t))
+#define l_gettime(L,arg) luaL_checknumber(L, arg)
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+#if !defined(l_gmtime) /* { */
+/*
+** By default, Lua uses gmtime/localtime, except when POSIX is available,
+** where it uses gmtime_r/localtime_r
+*/
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* { */
+
+#define l_gmtime(t,r) gmtime_r(t,r)
+#define l_localtime(t,r) localtime_r(t,r)
+
+#else /* }{ */
+
+/* ISO C definitions */
+#define l_gmtime(t,r) ((void)(r)->tm_sec, gmtime(t))
+#define l_localtime(t,r) ((void)(r)->tm_sec, localtime(t))
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Configuration for 'tmpnam':
+** By default, Lua uses tmpnam except when POSIX is available, where
+** it uses mkstemp.
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+#if !defined(lua_tmpnam) /* { */
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* { */
+
+#include
+
+#define LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE 32
+
+#if !defined(LUA_TMPNAMTEMPLATE)
+#define LUA_TMPNAMTEMPLATE "/tmp/lua_XXXXXX"
+#endif
+
+#define lua_tmpnam(b,e) { \
+ strcpy(b, LUA_TMPNAMTEMPLATE); \
+ e = mkstemp(b); \
+ if (e != -1) close(e); \
+ e = (e == -1); }
+
+#else /* }{ */
+
+/* ISO C definitions */
+#define LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE L_tmpnam
+#define lua_tmpnam(b,e) { e = (tmpnam(b) == NULL); }
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+#endif /* } */
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+#if !defined(l_system)
+#if defined(LUA_USE_IOS)
+/* Despite claiming to be ISO C, iOS does not implement 'system'. */
+#define l_system(cmd) ((cmd) == NULL ? 0 : -1)
+#else
+#define l_system(cmd) system(cmd) /* default definition */
+#endif
+#endif
+
+
+static int os_execute (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *cmd = luaL_optstring(L, 1, NULL);
+ int stat;
+ errno = 0;
+ stat = l_system(cmd);
+ if (cmd != NULL)
+ return luaL_execresult(L, stat);
+ else {
+ lua_pushboolean(L, stat); /* true if there is a shell */
+ return 1;
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int os_remove (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *filename = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
+ return luaL_fileresult(L, remove(filename) == 0, filename);
+}
+
+
+static int os_rename (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *fromname = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
+ const char *toname = luaL_checkstring(L, 2);
+ return luaL_fileresult(L, rename(fromname, toname) == 0, NULL);
+}
+
+
+static int os_tmpname (lua_State *L) {
+ char buff[LUA_TMPNAMBUFSIZE];
+ int err;
+ lua_tmpnam(buff, err);
+ if (l_unlikely(err))
+ return luaL_error(L, "unable to generate a unique filename");
+ lua_pushstring(L, buff);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int os_getenv (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_pushstring(L, getenv(luaL_checkstring(L, 1))); /* if NULL push nil */
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int os_clock (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_pushnumber(L, ((lua_Number)clock())/(lua_Number)CLOCKS_PER_SEC);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Time/Date operations
+** { year=%Y, month=%m, day=%d, hour=%H, min=%M, sec=%S,
+** wday=%w+1, yday=%j, isdst=? }
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+** About the overflow check: an overflow cannot occur when time
+** is represented by a lua_Integer, because either lua_Integer is
+** large enough to represent all int fields or it is not large enough
+** to represent a time that cause a field to overflow. However, if
+** times are represented as doubles and lua_Integer is int, then the
+** time 0x1.e1853b0d184f6p+55 would cause an overflow when adding 1900
+** to compute the year.
+*/
+static void setfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int value, int delta) {
+ #if (defined(LUA_NUMTIME) && LUA_MAXINTEGER <= INT_MAX)
+ if (l_unlikely(value > LUA_MAXINTEGER - delta))
+ luaL_error(L, "field '%s' is out-of-bound", key);
+ #endif
+ lua_pushinteger(L, (lua_Integer)value + delta);
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, key);
+}
+
+
+static void setboolfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int value) {
+ if (value < 0) /* undefined? */
+ return; /* does not set field */
+ lua_pushboolean(L, value);
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, key);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Set all fields from structure 'tm' in the table on top of the stack
+*/
+static void setallfields (lua_State *L, struct tm *stm) {
+ setfield(L, "year", stm->tm_year, 1900);
+ setfield(L, "month", stm->tm_mon, 1);
+ setfield(L, "day", stm->tm_mday, 0);
+ setfield(L, "hour", stm->tm_hour, 0);
+ setfield(L, "min", stm->tm_min, 0);
+ setfield(L, "sec", stm->tm_sec, 0);
+ setfield(L, "yday", stm->tm_yday, 1);
+ setfield(L, "wday", stm->tm_wday, 1);
+ setboolfield(L, "isdst", stm->tm_isdst);
+}
+
+
+static int getboolfield (lua_State *L, const char *key) {
+ int res;
+ res = (lua_getfield(L, -1, key) == LUA_TNIL) ? -1 : lua_toboolean(L, -1);
+ lua_pop(L, 1);
+ return res;
+}
+
+
+static int getfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int d, int delta) {
+ int isnum;
+ int t = lua_getfield(L, -1, key); /* get field and its type */
+ lua_Integer res = lua_tointegerx(L, -1, &isnum);
+ if (!isnum) { /* field is not an integer? */
+ if (l_unlikely(t != LUA_TNIL)) /* some other value? */
+ return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' is not an integer", key);
+ else if (l_unlikely(d < 0)) /* absent field; no default? */
+ return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' missing in date table", key);
+ res = d;
+ }
+ else {
+ if (!(res >= 0 ? res - delta <= INT_MAX : INT_MIN + delta <= res))
+ return luaL_error(L, "field '%s' is out-of-bound", key);
+ res -= delta;
+ }
+ lua_pop(L, 1);
+ return (int)res;
+}
+
+
+static const char *checkoption (lua_State *L, const char *conv,
+ ptrdiff_t convlen, char *buff) {
+ const char *option = LUA_STRFTIMEOPTIONS;
+ int oplen = 1; /* length of options being checked */
+ for (; *option != '\0' && oplen <= convlen; option += oplen) {
+ if (*option == '|') /* next block? */
+ oplen++; /* will check options with next length (+1) */
+ else if (memcmp(conv, option, oplen) == 0) { /* match? */
+ memcpy(buff, conv, oplen); /* copy valid option to buffer */
+ buff[oplen] = '\0';
+ return conv + oplen; /* return next item */
+ }
+ }
+ luaL_argerror(L, 1,
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "invalid conversion specifier '%%%s'", conv));
+ return conv; /* to avoid warnings */
+}
+
+
+static time_t l_checktime (lua_State *L, int arg) {
+ l_timet t = l_gettime(L, arg);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, (time_t)t == t, arg, "time out-of-bounds");
+ return (time_t)t;
+}
+
+
+/* maximum size for an individual 'strftime' item */
+#define SIZETIMEFMT 250
+
+
+static int os_date (lua_State *L) {
+ size_t slen;
+ const char *s = luaL_optlstring(L, 1, "%c", &slen);
+ time_t t = luaL_opt(L, l_checktime, 2, time(NULL));
+ const char *se = s + slen; /* 's' end */
+ struct tm tmr, *stm;
+ if (*s == '!') { /* UTC? */
+ stm = l_gmtime(&t, &tmr);
+ s++; /* skip '!' */
+ }
+ else
+ stm = l_localtime(&t, &tmr);
+ if (stm == NULL) /* invalid date? */
+ return luaL_error(L,
+ "date result cannot be represented in this installation");
+ if (strcmp(s, "*t") == 0) {
+ lua_createtable(L, 0, 9); /* 9 = number of fields */
+ setallfields(L, stm);
+ }
+ else {
+ char cc[4]; /* buffer for individual conversion specifiers */
+ luaL_Buffer b;
+ cc[0] = '%';
+ luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
+ while (s < se) {
+ if (*s != '%') /* not a conversion specifier? */
+ luaL_addchar(&b, *s++);
+ else {
+ size_t reslen;
+ char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, SIZETIMEFMT);
+ s++; /* skip '%' */
+ s = checkoption(L, s, se - s, cc + 1); /* copy specifier to 'cc' */
+ reslen = strftime(buff, SIZETIMEFMT, cc, stm);
+ luaL_addsize(&b, reslen);
+ }
+ }
+ luaL_pushresult(&b);
+ }
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int os_time (lua_State *L) {
+ time_t t;
+ if (lua_isnoneornil(L, 1)) /* called without args? */
+ t = time(NULL); /* get current time */
+ else {
+ struct tm ts;
+ luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TTABLE);
+ lua_settop(L, 1); /* make sure table is at the top */
+ ts.tm_year = getfield(L, "year", -1, 1900);
+ ts.tm_mon = getfield(L, "month", -1, 1);
+ ts.tm_mday = getfield(L, "day", -1, 0);
+ ts.tm_hour = getfield(L, "hour", 12, 0);
+ ts.tm_min = getfield(L, "min", 0, 0);
+ ts.tm_sec = getfield(L, "sec", 0, 0);
+ ts.tm_isdst = getboolfield(L, "isdst");
+ t = mktime(&ts);
+ setallfields(L, &ts); /* update fields with normalized values */
+ }
+ if (t != (time_t)(l_timet)t || t == (time_t)(-1))
+ return luaL_error(L,
+ "time result cannot be represented in this installation");
+ l_pushtime(L, t);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int os_difftime (lua_State *L) {
+ time_t t1 = l_checktime(L, 1);
+ time_t t2 = l_checktime(L, 2);
+ lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)difftime(t1, t2));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+static int os_setlocale (lua_State *L) {
+ static const int cat[] = {LC_ALL, LC_COLLATE, LC_CTYPE, LC_MONETARY,
+ LC_NUMERIC, LC_TIME};
+ static const char *const catnames[] = {"all", "collate", "ctype", "monetary",
+ "numeric", "time", NULL};
+ const char *l = luaL_optstring(L, 1, NULL);
+ int op = luaL_checkoption(L, 2, "all", catnames);
+ lua_pushstring(L, setlocale(cat[op], l));
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int os_exit (lua_State *L) {
+ int status;
+ if (lua_isboolean(L, 1))
+ status = (lua_toboolean(L, 1) ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE);
+ else
+ status = (int)luaL_optinteger(L, 1, EXIT_SUCCESS);
+ if (lua_toboolean(L, 2))
+ lua_close(L);
+ if (L) exit(status); /* 'if' to avoid warnings for unreachable 'return' */
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+static const luaL_Reg syslib[] = {
+ {"clock", os_clock},
+ {"date", os_date},
+ {"difftime", os_difftime},
+ {"execute", os_execute},
+ {"exit", os_exit},
+ {"getenv", os_getenv},
+ {"remove", os_remove},
+ {"rename", os_rename},
+ {"setlocale", os_setlocale},
+ {"time", os_time},
+ {"tmpname", os_tmpname},
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+
+LUAMOD_API int luaopen_os (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_newlib(L, syslib);
+ return 1;
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lparser.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lparser.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b745f23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lparser.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1967 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lparser.c $
+** Lua Parser
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lparser_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lcode.h"
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h"
+#include "lfunc.h"
+#include "llex.h"
+#include "lmem.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lopcodes.h"
+#include "lparser.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+#include "lstring.h"
+#include "ltable.h"
+
+
+
+/* maximum number of local variables per function (must be smaller
+ than 250, due to the bytecode format) */
+#define MAXVARS 200
+
+
+#define hasmultret(k) ((k) == VCALL || (k) == VVARARG)
+
+
+/* because all strings are unified by the scanner, the parser
+ can use pointer equality for string equality */
+#define eqstr(a,b) ((a) == (b))
+
+
+/*
+** nodes for block list (list of active blocks)
+*/
+typedef struct BlockCnt {
+ struct BlockCnt *previous; /* chain */
+ int firstlabel; /* index of first label in this block */
+ int firstgoto; /* index of first pending goto in this block */
+ lu_byte nactvar; /* # active locals outside the block */
+ lu_byte upval; /* true if some variable in the block is an upvalue */
+ lu_byte isloop; /* true if 'block' is a loop */
+ lu_byte insidetbc; /* true if inside the scope of a to-be-closed var. */
+} BlockCnt;
+
+
+
+/*
+** prototypes for recursive non-terminal functions
+*/
+static void statement (LexState *ls);
+static void expr (LexState *ls, expdesc *v);
+
+
+static l_noret error_expected (LexState *ls, int token) {
+ luaX_syntaxerror(ls,
+ luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "%s expected", luaX_token2str(ls, token)));
+}
+
+
+static l_noret errorlimit (FuncState *fs, int limit, const char *what) {
+ lua_State *L = fs->ls->L;
+ const char *msg;
+ int line = fs->f->linedefined;
+ const char *where = (line == 0)
+ ? "main function"
+ : luaO_pushfstring(L, "function at line %d", line);
+ msg = luaO_pushfstring(L, "too many %s (limit is %d) in %s",
+ what, limit, where);
+ luaX_syntaxerror(fs->ls, msg);
+}
+
+
+static void checklimit (FuncState *fs, int v, int l, const char *what) {
+ if (v > l) errorlimit(fs, l, what);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Test whether next token is 'c'; if so, skip it.
+*/
+static int testnext (LexState *ls, int c) {
+ if (ls->t.token == c) {
+ luaX_next(ls);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check that next token is 'c'.
+*/
+static void check (LexState *ls, int c) {
+ if (ls->t.token != c)
+ error_expected(ls, c);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check that next token is 'c' and skip it.
+*/
+static void checknext (LexState *ls, int c) {
+ check(ls, c);
+ luaX_next(ls);
+}
+
+
+#define check_condition(ls,c,msg) { if (!(c)) luaX_syntaxerror(ls, msg); }
+
+
+/*
+** Check that next token is 'what' and skip it. In case of error,
+** raise an error that the expected 'what' should match a 'who'
+** in line 'where' (if that is not the current line).
+*/
+static void check_match (LexState *ls, int what, int who, int where) {
+ if (l_unlikely(!testnext(ls, what))) {
+ if (where == ls->linenumber) /* all in the same line? */
+ error_expected(ls, what); /* do not need a complex message */
+ else {
+ luaX_syntaxerror(ls, luaO_pushfstring(ls->L,
+ "%s expected (to close %s at line %d)",
+ luaX_token2str(ls, what), luaX_token2str(ls, who), where));
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+static TString *str_checkname (LexState *ls) {
+ TString *ts;
+ check(ls, TK_NAME);
+ ts = ls->t.seminfo.ts;
+ luaX_next(ls);
+ return ts;
+}
+
+
+static void init_exp (expdesc *e, expkind k, int i) {
+ e->f = e->t = NO_JUMP;
+ e->k = k;
+ e->u.info = i;
+}
+
+
+static void codestring (expdesc *e, TString *s) {
+ e->f = e->t = NO_JUMP;
+ e->k = VKSTR;
+ e->u.strval = s;
+}
+
+
+static void codename (LexState *ls, expdesc *e) {
+ codestring(e, str_checkname(ls));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Register a new local variable in the active 'Proto' (for debug
+** information).
+*/
+static int registerlocalvar (LexState *ls, FuncState *fs, TString *varname) {
+ Proto *f = fs->f;
+ int oldsize = f->sizelocvars;
+ luaM_growvector(ls->L, f->locvars, fs->ndebugvars, f->sizelocvars,
+ LocVar, SHRT_MAX, "local variables");
+ while (oldsize < f->sizelocvars)
+ f->locvars[oldsize++].varname = NULL;
+ f->locvars[fs->ndebugvars].varname = varname;
+ f->locvars[fs->ndebugvars].startpc = fs->pc;
+ luaC_objbarrier(ls->L, f, varname);
+ return fs->ndebugvars++;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Create a new local variable with the given 'name'. Return its index
+** in the function.
+*/
+static int new_localvar (LexState *ls, TString *name) {
+ lua_State *L = ls->L;
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ Dyndata *dyd = ls->dyd;
+ Vardesc *var;
+ checklimit(fs, dyd->actvar.n + 1 - fs->firstlocal,
+ MAXVARS, "local variables");
+ luaM_growvector(L, dyd->actvar.arr, dyd->actvar.n + 1,
+ dyd->actvar.size, Vardesc, USHRT_MAX, "local variables");
+ var = &dyd->actvar.arr[dyd->actvar.n++];
+ var->vd.kind = VDKREG; /* default */
+ var->vd.name = name;
+ return dyd->actvar.n - 1 - fs->firstlocal;
+}
+
+#define new_localvarliteral(ls,v) \
+ new_localvar(ls, \
+ luaX_newstring(ls, "" v, (sizeof(v)/sizeof(char)) - 1));
+
+
+
+/*
+** Return the "variable description" (Vardesc) of a given variable.
+** (Unless noted otherwise, all variables are referred to by their
+** compiler indices.)
+*/
+static Vardesc *getlocalvardesc (FuncState *fs, int vidx) {
+ return &fs->ls->dyd->actvar.arr[fs->firstlocal + vidx];
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Convert 'nvar', a compiler index level, to its corresponding
+** register. For that, search for the highest variable below that level
+** that is in a register and uses its register index ('ridx') plus one.
+*/
+static int reglevel (FuncState *fs, int nvar) {
+ while (nvar-- > 0) {
+ Vardesc *vd = getlocalvardesc(fs, nvar); /* get previous variable */
+ if (vd->vd.kind != RDKCTC) /* is in a register? */
+ return vd->vd.ridx + 1;
+ }
+ return 0; /* no variables in registers */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Return the number of variables in the register stack for the given
+** function.
+*/
+int luaY_nvarstack (FuncState *fs) {
+ return reglevel(fs, fs->nactvar);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Get the debug-information entry for current variable 'vidx'.
+*/
+static LocVar *localdebuginfo (FuncState *fs, int vidx) {
+ Vardesc *vd = getlocalvardesc(fs, vidx);
+ if (vd->vd.kind == RDKCTC)
+ return NULL; /* no debug info. for constants */
+ else {
+ int idx = vd->vd.pidx;
+ lua_assert(idx < fs->ndebugvars);
+ return &fs->f->locvars[idx];
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Create an expression representing variable 'vidx'
+*/
+static void init_var (FuncState *fs, expdesc *e, int vidx) {
+ e->f = e->t = NO_JUMP;
+ e->k = VLOCAL;
+ e->u.var.vidx = vidx;
+ e->u.var.ridx = getlocalvardesc(fs, vidx)->vd.ridx;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Raises an error if variable described by 'e' is read only
+*/
+static void check_readonly (LexState *ls, expdesc *e) {
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ TString *varname = NULL; /* to be set if variable is const */
+ switch (e->k) {
+ case VCONST: {
+ varname = ls->dyd->actvar.arr[e->u.info].vd.name;
+ break;
+ }
+ case VLOCAL: {
+ Vardesc *vardesc = getlocalvardesc(fs, e->u.var.vidx);
+ if (vardesc->vd.kind != VDKREG) /* not a regular variable? */
+ varname = vardesc->vd.name;
+ break;
+ }
+ case VUPVAL: {
+ Upvaldesc *up = &fs->f->upvalues[e->u.info];
+ if (up->kind != VDKREG)
+ varname = up->name;
+ break;
+ }
+ default:
+ return; /* other cases cannot be read-only */
+ }
+ if (varname) {
+ const char *msg = luaO_pushfstring(ls->L,
+ "attempt to assign to const variable '%s'", getstr(varname));
+ luaK_semerror(ls, msg); /* error */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Start the scope for the last 'nvars' created variables.
+*/
+static void adjustlocalvars (LexState *ls, int nvars) {
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ int reglevel = luaY_nvarstack(fs);
+ int i;
+ for (i = 0; i < nvars; i++) {
+ int vidx = fs->nactvar++;
+ Vardesc *var = getlocalvardesc(fs, vidx);
+ var->vd.ridx = reglevel++;
+ var->vd.pidx = registerlocalvar(ls, fs, var->vd.name);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Close the scope for all variables up to level 'tolevel'.
+** (debug info.)
+*/
+static void removevars (FuncState *fs, int tolevel) {
+ fs->ls->dyd->actvar.n -= (fs->nactvar - tolevel);
+ while (fs->nactvar > tolevel) {
+ LocVar *var = localdebuginfo(fs, --fs->nactvar);
+ if (var) /* does it have debug information? */
+ var->endpc = fs->pc;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Search the upvalues of the function 'fs' for one
+** with the given 'name'.
+*/
+static int searchupvalue (FuncState *fs, TString *name) {
+ int i;
+ Upvaldesc *up = fs->f->upvalues;
+ for (i = 0; i < fs->nups; i++) {
+ if (eqstr(up[i].name, name)) return i;
+ }
+ return -1; /* not found */
+}
+
+
+static Upvaldesc *allocupvalue (FuncState *fs) {
+ Proto *f = fs->f;
+ int oldsize = f->sizeupvalues;
+ checklimit(fs, fs->nups + 1, MAXUPVAL, "upvalues");
+ luaM_growvector(fs->ls->L, f->upvalues, fs->nups, f->sizeupvalues,
+ Upvaldesc, MAXUPVAL, "upvalues");
+ while (oldsize < f->sizeupvalues)
+ f->upvalues[oldsize++].name = NULL;
+ return &f->upvalues[fs->nups++];
+}
+
+
+static int newupvalue (FuncState *fs, TString *name, expdesc *v) {
+ Upvaldesc *up = allocupvalue(fs);
+ FuncState *prev = fs->prev;
+ if (v->k == VLOCAL) {
+ up->instack = 1;
+ up->idx = v->u.var.ridx;
+ up->kind = getlocalvardesc(prev, v->u.var.vidx)->vd.kind;
+ lua_assert(eqstr(name, getlocalvardesc(prev, v->u.var.vidx)->vd.name));
+ }
+ else {
+ up->instack = 0;
+ up->idx = cast_byte(v->u.info);
+ up->kind = prev->f->upvalues[v->u.info].kind;
+ lua_assert(eqstr(name, prev->f->upvalues[v->u.info].name));
+ }
+ up->name = name;
+ luaC_objbarrier(fs->ls->L, fs->f, name);
+ return fs->nups - 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Look for an active local variable with the name 'n' in the
+** function 'fs'. If found, initialize 'var' with it and return
+** its expression kind; otherwise return -1.
+*/
+static int searchvar (FuncState *fs, TString *n, expdesc *var) {
+ int i;
+ for (i = cast_int(fs->nactvar) - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+ Vardesc *vd = getlocalvardesc(fs, i);
+ if (eqstr(n, vd->vd.name)) { /* found? */
+ if (vd->vd.kind == RDKCTC) /* compile-time constant? */
+ init_exp(var, VCONST, fs->firstlocal + i);
+ else /* real variable */
+ init_var(fs, var, i);
+ return var->k;
+ }
+ }
+ return -1; /* not found */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Mark block where variable at given level was defined
+** (to emit close instructions later).
+*/
+static void markupval (FuncState *fs, int level) {
+ BlockCnt *bl = fs->bl;
+ while (bl->nactvar > level)
+ bl = bl->previous;
+ bl->upval = 1;
+ fs->needclose = 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Mark that current block has a to-be-closed variable.
+*/
+static void marktobeclosed (FuncState *fs) {
+ BlockCnt *bl = fs->bl;
+ bl->upval = 1;
+ bl->insidetbc = 1;
+ fs->needclose = 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Find a variable with the given name 'n'. If it is an upvalue, add
+** this upvalue into all intermediate functions. If it is a global, set
+** 'var' as 'void' as a flag.
+*/
+static void singlevaraux (FuncState *fs, TString *n, expdesc *var, int base) {
+ if (fs == NULL) /* no more levels? */
+ init_exp(var, VVOID, 0); /* default is global */
+ else {
+ int v = searchvar(fs, n, var); /* look up locals at current level */
+ if (v >= 0) { /* found? */
+ if (v == VLOCAL && !base)
+ markupval(fs, var->u.var.vidx); /* local will be used as an upval */
+ }
+ else { /* not found as local at current level; try upvalues */
+ int idx = searchupvalue(fs, n); /* try existing upvalues */
+ if (idx < 0) { /* not found? */
+ singlevaraux(fs->prev, n, var, 0); /* try upper levels */
+ if (var->k == VLOCAL || var->k == VUPVAL) /* local or upvalue? */
+ idx = newupvalue(fs, n, var); /* will be a new upvalue */
+ else /* it is a global or a constant */
+ return; /* don't need to do anything at this level */
+ }
+ init_exp(var, VUPVAL, idx); /* new or old upvalue */
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Find a variable with the given name 'n', handling global variables
+** too.
+*/
+static void singlevar (LexState *ls, expdesc *var) {
+ TString *varname = str_checkname(ls);
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ singlevaraux(fs, varname, var, 1);
+ if (var->k == VVOID) { /* global name? */
+ expdesc key;
+ singlevaraux(fs, ls->envn, var, 1); /* get environment variable */
+ lua_assert(var->k != VVOID); /* this one must exist */
+ luaK_exp2anyregup(fs, var); /* but could be a constant */
+ codestring(&key, varname); /* key is variable name */
+ luaK_indexed(fs, var, &key); /* env[varname] */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Adjust the number of results from an expression list 'e' with 'nexps'
+** expressions to 'nvars' values.
+*/
+static void adjust_assign (LexState *ls, int nvars, int nexps, expdesc *e) {
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ int needed = nvars - nexps; /* extra values needed */
+ if (hasmultret(e->k)) { /* last expression has multiple returns? */
+ int extra = needed + 1; /* discount last expression itself */
+ if (extra < 0)
+ extra = 0;
+ luaK_setreturns(fs, e, extra); /* last exp. provides the difference */
+ }
+ else {
+ if (e->k != VVOID) /* at least one expression? */
+ luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, e); /* close last expression */
+ if (needed > 0) /* missing values? */
+ luaK_nil(fs, fs->freereg, needed); /* complete with nils */
+ }
+ if (needed > 0)
+ luaK_reserveregs(fs, needed); /* registers for extra values */
+ else /* adding 'needed' is actually a subtraction */
+ fs->freereg += needed; /* remove extra values */
+}
+
+
+#define enterlevel(ls) luaE_incCstack(ls->L)
+
+
+#define leavelevel(ls) ((ls)->L->nCcalls--)
+
+
+/*
+** Generates an error that a goto jumps into the scope of some
+** local variable.
+*/
+static l_noret jumpscopeerror (LexState *ls, Labeldesc *gt) {
+ const char *varname = getstr(getlocalvardesc(ls->fs, gt->nactvar)->vd.name);
+ const char *msg = " at line %d jumps into the scope of local '%s'";
+ msg = luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, msg, getstr(gt->name), gt->line, varname);
+ luaK_semerror(ls, msg); /* raise the error */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Solves the goto at index 'g' to given 'label' and removes it
+** from the list of pending gotos.
+** If it jumps into the scope of some variable, raises an error.
+*/
+static void solvegoto (LexState *ls, int g, Labeldesc *label) {
+ int i;
+ Labellist *gl = &ls->dyd->gt; /* list of gotos */
+ Labeldesc *gt = &gl->arr[g]; /* goto to be resolved */
+ lua_assert(eqstr(gt->name, label->name));
+ if (l_unlikely(gt->nactvar < label->nactvar)) /* enter some scope? */
+ jumpscopeerror(ls, gt);
+ luaK_patchlist(ls->fs, gt->pc, label->pc);
+ for (i = g; i < gl->n - 1; i++) /* remove goto from pending list */
+ gl->arr[i] = gl->arr[i + 1];
+ gl->n--;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Search for an active label with the given name.
+*/
+static Labeldesc *findlabel (LexState *ls, TString *name) {
+ int i;
+ Dyndata *dyd = ls->dyd;
+ /* check labels in current function for a match */
+ for (i = ls->fs->firstlabel; i < dyd->label.n; i++) {
+ Labeldesc *lb = &dyd->label.arr[i];
+ if (eqstr(lb->name, name)) /* correct label? */
+ return lb;
+ }
+ return NULL; /* label not found */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Adds a new label/goto in the corresponding list.
+*/
+static int newlabelentry (LexState *ls, Labellist *l, TString *name,
+ int line, int pc) {
+ int n = l->n;
+ luaM_growvector(ls->L, l->arr, n, l->size,
+ Labeldesc, SHRT_MAX, "labels/gotos");
+ l->arr[n].name = name;
+ l->arr[n].line = line;
+ l->arr[n].nactvar = ls->fs->nactvar;
+ l->arr[n].close = 0;
+ l->arr[n].pc = pc;
+ l->n = n + 1;
+ return n;
+}
+
+
+static int newgotoentry (LexState *ls, TString *name, int line, int pc) {
+ return newlabelentry(ls, &ls->dyd->gt, name, line, pc);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Solves forward jumps. Check whether new label 'lb' matches any
+** pending gotos in current block and solves them. Return true
+** if any of the gotos need to close upvalues.
+*/
+static int solvegotos (LexState *ls, Labeldesc *lb) {
+ Labellist *gl = &ls->dyd->gt;
+ int i = ls->fs->bl->firstgoto;
+ int needsclose = 0;
+ while (i < gl->n) {
+ if (eqstr(gl->arr[i].name, lb->name)) {
+ needsclose |= gl->arr[i].close;
+ solvegoto(ls, i, lb); /* will remove 'i' from the list */
+ }
+ else
+ i++;
+ }
+ return needsclose;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Create a new label with the given 'name' at the given 'line'.
+** 'last' tells whether label is the last non-op statement in its
+** block. Solves all pending gotos to this new label and adds
+** a close instruction if necessary.
+** Returns true iff it added a close instruction.
+*/
+static int createlabel (LexState *ls, TString *name, int line,
+ int last) {
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ Labellist *ll = &ls->dyd->label;
+ int l = newlabelentry(ls, ll, name, line, luaK_getlabel(fs));
+ if (last) { /* label is last no-op statement in the block? */
+ /* assume that locals are already out of scope */
+ ll->arr[l].nactvar = fs->bl->nactvar;
+ }
+ if (solvegotos(ls, &ll->arr[l])) { /* need close? */
+ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_CLOSE, luaY_nvarstack(fs), 0, 0);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Adjust pending gotos to outer level of a block.
+*/
+static void movegotosout (FuncState *fs, BlockCnt *bl) {
+ int i;
+ Labellist *gl = &fs->ls->dyd->gt;
+ /* correct pending gotos to current block */
+ for (i = bl->firstgoto; i < gl->n; i++) { /* for each pending goto */
+ Labeldesc *gt = &gl->arr[i];
+ /* leaving a variable scope? */
+ if (reglevel(fs, gt->nactvar) > reglevel(fs, bl->nactvar))
+ gt->close |= bl->upval; /* jump may need a close */
+ gt->nactvar = bl->nactvar; /* update goto level */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void enterblock (FuncState *fs, BlockCnt *bl, lu_byte isloop) {
+ bl->isloop = isloop;
+ bl->nactvar = fs->nactvar;
+ bl->firstlabel = fs->ls->dyd->label.n;
+ bl->firstgoto = fs->ls->dyd->gt.n;
+ bl->upval = 0;
+ bl->insidetbc = (fs->bl != NULL && fs->bl->insidetbc);
+ bl->previous = fs->bl;
+ fs->bl = bl;
+ lua_assert(fs->freereg == luaY_nvarstack(fs));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** generates an error for an undefined 'goto'.
+*/
+static l_noret undefgoto (LexState *ls, Labeldesc *gt) {
+ const char *msg;
+ if (eqstr(gt->name, luaS_newliteral(ls->L, "break"))) {
+ msg = "break outside loop at line %d";
+ msg = luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, msg, gt->line);
+ }
+ else {
+ msg = "no visible label '%s' for at line %d";
+ msg = luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, msg, getstr(gt->name), gt->line);
+ }
+ luaK_semerror(ls, msg);
+}
+
+
+static void leaveblock (FuncState *fs) {
+ BlockCnt *bl = fs->bl;
+ LexState *ls = fs->ls;
+ int hasclose = 0;
+ int stklevel = reglevel(fs, bl->nactvar); /* level outside the block */
+ removevars(fs, bl->nactvar); /* remove block locals */
+ lua_assert(bl->nactvar == fs->nactvar); /* back to level on entry */
+ if (bl->isloop) /* has to fix pending breaks? */
+ hasclose = createlabel(ls, luaS_newliteral(ls->L, "break"), 0, 0);
+ if (!hasclose && bl->previous && bl->upval) /* still need a 'close'? */
+ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_CLOSE, stklevel, 0, 0);
+ fs->freereg = stklevel; /* free registers */
+ ls->dyd->label.n = bl->firstlabel; /* remove local labels */
+ fs->bl = bl->previous; /* current block now is previous one */
+ if (bl->previous) /* was it a nested block? */
+ movegotosout(fs, bl); /* update pending gotos to enclosing block */
+ else {
+ if (bl->firstgoto < ls->dyd->gt.n) /* still pending gotos? */
+ undefgoto(ls, &ls->dyd->gt.arr[bl->firstgoto]); /* error */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** adds a new prototype into list of prototypes
+*/
+static Proto *addprototype (LexState *ls) {
+ Proto *clp;
+ lua_State *L = ls->L;
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ Proto *f = fs->f; /* prototype of current function */
+ if (fs->np >= f->sizep) {
+ int oldsize = f->sizep;
+ luaM_growvector(L, f->p, fs->np, f->sizep, Proto *, MAXARG_Bx, "functions");
+ while (oldsize < f->sizep)
+ f->p[oldsize++] = NULL;
+ }
+ f->p[fs->np++] = clp = luaF_newproto(L);
+ luaC_objbarrier(L, f, clp);
+ return clp;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** codes instruction to create new closure in parent function.
+** The OP_CLOSURE instruction uses the last available register,
+** so that, if it invokes the GC, the GC knows which registers
+** are in use at that time.
+
+*/
+static void codeclosure (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs->prev;
+ init_exp(v, VRELOC, luaK_codeABx(fs, OP_CLOSURE, 0, fs->np - 1));
+ luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, v); /* fix it at the last register */
+}
+
+
+static void open_func (LexState *ls, FuncState *fs, BlockCnt *bl) {
+ Proto *f = fs->f;
+ fs->prev = ls->fs; /* linked list of funcstates */
+ fs->ls = ls;
+ ls->fs = fs;
+ fs->pc = 0;
+ fs->previousline = f->linedefined;
+ fs->iwthabs = 0;
+ fs->lasttarget = 0;
+ fs->freereg = 0;
+ fs->nk = 0;
+ fs->nabslineinfo = 0;
+ fs->np = 0;
+ fs->nups = 0;
+ fs->ndebugvars = 0;
+ fs->nactvar = 0;
+ fs->needclose = 0;
+ fs->firstlocal = ls->dyd->actvar.n;
+ fs->firstlabel = ls->dyd->label.n;
+ fs->bl = NULL;
+ f->source = ls->source;
+ luaC_objbarrier(ls->L, f, f->source);
+ f->maxstacksize = 2; /* registers 0/1 are always valid */
+ enterblock(fs, bl, 0);
+}
+
+
+static void close_func (LexState *ls) {
+ lua_State *L = ls->L;
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ Proto *f = fs->f;
+ luaK_ret(fs, luaY_nvarstack(fs), 0); /* final return */
+ leaveblock(fs);
+ lua_assert(fs->bl == NULL);
+ luaK_finish(fs);
+ luaM_shrinkvector(L, f->code, f->sizecode, fs->pc, Instruction);
+ luaM_shrinkvector(L, f->lineinfo, f->sizelineinfo, fs->pc, ls_byte);
+ luaM_shrinkvector(L, f->abslineinfo, f->sizeabslineinfo,
+ fs->nabslineinfo, AbsLineInfo);
+ luaM_shrinkvector(L, f->k, f->sizek, fs->nk, TValue);
+ luaM_shrinkvector(L, f->p, f->sizep, fs->np, Proto *);
+ luaM_shrinkvector(L, f->locvars, f->sizelocvars, fs->ndebugvars, LocVar);
+ luaM_shrinkvector(L, f->upvalues, f->sizeupvalues, fs->nups, Upvaldesc);
+ ls->fs = fs->prev;
+ luaC_checkGC(L);
+}
+
+
+
+/*============================================================*/
+/* GRAMMAR RULES */
+/*============================================================*/
+
+
+/*
+** check whether current token is in the follow set of a block.
+** 'until' closes syntactical blocks, but do not close scope,
+** so it is handled in separate.
+*/
+static int block_follow (LexState *ls, int withuntil) {
+ switch (ls->t.token) {
+ case TK_ELSE: case TK_ELSEIF:
+ case TK_END: case TK_EOS:
+ return 1;
+ case TK_UNTIL: return withuntil;
+ default: return 0;
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void statlist (LexState *ls) {
+ /* statlist -> { stat [';'] } */
+ while (!block_follow(ls, 1)) {
+ if (ls->t.token == TK_RETURN) {
+ statement(ls);
+ return; /* 'return' must be last statement */
+ }
+ statement(ls);
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void fieldsel (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
+ /* fieldsel -> ['.' | ':'] NAME */
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ expdesc key;
+ luaK_exp2anyregup(fs, v);
+ luaX_next(ls); /* skip the dot or colon */
+ codename(ls, &key);
+ luaK_indexed(fs, v, &key);
+}
+
+
+static void yindex (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
+ /* index -> '[' expr ']' */
+ luaX_next(ls); /* skip the '[' */
+ expr(ls, v);
+ luaK_exp2val(ls->fs, v);
+ checknext(ls, ']');
+}
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================================
+** Rules for Constructors
+** =======================================================================
+*/
+
+
+typedef struct ConsControl {
+ expdesc v; /* last list item read */
+ expdesc *t; /* table descriptor */
+ int nh; /* total number of 'record' elements */
+ int na; /* number of array elements already stored */
+ int tostore; /* number of array elements pending to be stored */
+} ConsControl;
+
+
+static void recfield (LexState *ls, ConsControl *cc) {
+ /* recfield -> (NAME | '['exp']') = exp */
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ int reg = ls->fs->freereg;
+ expdesc tab, key, val;
+ if (ls->t.token == TK_NAME) {
+ checklimit(fs, cc->nh, MAX_INT, "items in a constructor");
+ codename(ls, &key);
+ }
+ else /* ls->t.token == '[' */
+ yindex(ls, &key);
+ cc->nh++;
+ checknext(ls, '=');
+ tab = *cc->t;
+ luaK_indexed(fs, &tab, &key);
+ expr(ls, &val);
+ luaK_storevar(fs, &tab, &val);
+ fs->freereg = reg; /* free registers */
+}
+
+
+static void closelistfield (FuncState *fs, ConsControl *cc) {
+ if (cc->v.k == VVOID) return; /* there is no list item */
+ luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, &cc->v);
+ cc->v.k = VVOID;
+ if (cc->tostore == LFIELDS_PER_FLUSH) {
+ luaK_setlist(fs, cc->t->u.info, cc->na, cc->tostore); /* flush */
+ cc->na += cc->tostore;
+ cc->tostore = 0; /* no more items pending */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void lastlistfield (FuncState *fs, ConsControl *cc) {
+ if (cc->tostore == 0) return;
+ if (hasmultret(cc->v.k)) {
+ luaK_setmultret(fs, &cc->v);
+ luaK_setlist(fs, cc->t->u.info, cc->na, LUA_MULTRET);
+ cc->na--; /* do not count last expression (unknown number of elements) */
+ }
+ else {
+ if (cc->v.k != VVOID)
+ luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, &cc->v);
+ luaK_setlist(fs, cc->t->u.info, cc->na, cc->tostore);
+ }
+ cc->na += cc->tostore;
+}
+
+
+static void listfield (LexState *ls, ConsControl *cc) {
+ /* listfield -> exp */
+ expr(ls, &cc->v);
+ cc->tostore++;
+}
+
+
+static void field (LexState *ls, ConsControl *cc) {
+ /* field -> listfield | recfield */
+ switch(ls->t.token) {
+ case TK_NAME: { /* may be 'listfield' or 'recfield' */
+ if (luaX_lookahead(ls) != '=') /* expression? */
+ listfield(ls, cc);
+ else
+ recfield(ls, cc);
+ break;
+ }
+ case '[': {
+ recfield(ls, cc);
+ break;
+ }
+ default: {
+ listfield(ls, cc);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void constructor (LexState *ls, expdesc *t) {
+ /* constructor -> '{' [ field { sep field } [sep] ] '}'
+ sep -> ',' | ';' */
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ int line = ls->linenumber;
+ int pc = luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_NEWTABLE, 0, 0, 0);
+ ConsControl cc;
+ luaK_code(fs, 0); /* space for extra arg. */
+ cc.na = cc.nh = cc.tostore = 0;
+ cc.t = t;
+ init_exp(t, VNONRELOC, fs->freereg); /* table will be at stack top */
+ luaK_reserveregs(fs, 1);
+ init_exp(&cc.v, VVOID, 0); /* no value (yet) */
+ checknext(ls, '{');
+ do {
+ lua_assert(cc.v.k == VVOID || cc.tostore > 0);
+ if (ls->t.token == '}') break;
+ closelistfield(fs, &cc);
+ field(ls, &cc);
+ } while (testnext(ls, ',') || testnext(ls, ';'));
+ check_match(ls, '}', '{', line);
+ lastlistfield(fs, &cc);
+ luaK_settablesize(fs, pc, t->u.info, cc.na, cc.nh);
+}
+
+/* }====================================================================== */
+
+
+static void setvararg (FuncState *fs, int nparams) {
+ fs->f->is_vararg = 1;
+ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_VARARGPREP, nparams, 0, 0);
+}
+
+
+static void parlist (LexState *ls) {
+ /* parlist -> [ {NAME ','} (NAME | '...') ] */
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ Proto *f = fs->f;
+ int nparams = 0;
+ int isvararg = 0;
+ if (ls->t.token != ')') { /* is 'parlist' not empty? */
+ do {
+ switch (ls->t.token) {
+ case TK_NAME: {
+ new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls));
+ nparams++;
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_DOTS: {
+ luaX_next(ls);
+ isvararg = 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ default: luaX_syntaxerror(ls, " or '...' expected");
+ }
+ } while (!isvararg && testnext(ls, ','));
+ }
+ adjustlocalvars(ls, nparams);
+ f->numparams = cast_byte(fs->nactvar);
+ if (isvararg)
+ setvararg(fs, f->numparams); /* declared vararg */
+ luaK_reserveregs(fs, fs->nactvar); /* reserve registers for parameters */
+}
+
+
+static void body (LexState *ls, expdesc *e, int ismethod, int line) {
+ /* body -> '(' parlist ')' block END */
+ FuncState new_fs;
+ BlockCnt bl;
+ new_fs.f = addprototype(ls);
+ new_fs.f->linedefined = line;
+ open_func(ls, &new_fs, &bl);
+ checknext(ls, '(');
+ if (ismethod) {
+ new_localvarliteral(ls, "self"); /* create 'self' parameter */
+ adjustlocalvars(ls, 1);
+ }
+ parlist(ls);
+ checknext(ls, ')');
+ statlist(ls);
+ new_fs.f->lastlinedefined = ls->linenumber;
+ check_match(ls, TK_END, TK_FUNCTION, line);
+ codeclosure(ls, e);
+ close_func(ls);
+}
+
+
+static int explist (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
+ /* explist -> expr { ',' expr } */
+ int n = 1; /* at least one expression */
+ expr(ls, v);
+ while (testnext(ls, ',')) {
+ luaK_exp2nextreg(ls->fs, v);
+ expr(ls, v);
+ n++;
+ }
+ return n;
+}
+
+
+static void funcargs (LexState *ls, expdesc *f, int line) {
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ expdesc args;
+ int base, nparams;
+ switch (ls->t.token) {
+ case '(': { /* funcargs -> '(' [ explist ] ')' */
+ luaX_next(ls);
+ if (ls->t.token == ')') /* arg list is empty? */
+ args.k = VVOID;
+ else {
+ explist(ls, &args);
+ if (hasmultret(args.k))
+ luaK_setmultret(fs, &args);
+ }
+ check_match(ls, ')', '(', line);
+ break;
+ }
+ case '{': { /* funcargs -> constructor */
+ constructor(ls, &args);
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_STRING: { /* funcargs -> STRING */
+ codestring(&args, ls->t.seminfo.ts);
+ luaX_next(ls); /* must use 'seminfo' before 'next' */
+ break;
+ }
+ default: {
+ luaX_syntaxerror(ls, "function arguments expected");
+ }
+ }
+ lua_assert(f->k == VNONRELOC);
+ base = f->u.info; /* base register for call */
+ if (hasmultret(args.k))
+ nparams = LUA_MULTRET; /* open call */
+ else {
+ if (args.k != VVOID)
+ luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, &args); /* close last argument */
+ nparams = fs->freereg - (base+1);
+ }
+ init_exp(f, VCALL, luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_CALL, base, nparams+1, 2));
+ luaK_fixline(fs, line);
+ fs->freereg = base+1; /* call remove function and arguments and leaves
+ (unless changed) one result */
+}
+
+
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================================
+** Expression parsing
+** =======================================================================
+*/
+
+
+static void primaryexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
+ /* primaryexp -> NAME | '(' expr ')' */
+ switch (ls->t.token) {
+ case '(': {
+ int line = ls->linenumber;
+ luaX_next(ls);
+ expr(ls, v);
+ check_match(ls, ')', '(', line);
+ luaK_dischargevars(ls->fs, v);
+ return;
+ }
+ case TK_NAME: {
+ singlevar(ls, v);
+ return;
+ }
+ default: {
+ luaX_syntaxerror(ls, "unexpected symbol");
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void suffixedexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
+ /* suffixedexp ->
+ primaryexp { '.' NAME | '[' exp ']' | ':' NAME funcargs | funcargs } */
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ int line = ls->linenumber;
+ primaryexp(ls, v);
+ for (;;) {
+ switch (ls->t.token) {
+ case '.': { /* fieldsel */
+ fieldsel(ls, v);
+ break;
+ }
+ case '[': { /* '[' exp ']' */
+ expdesc key;
+ luaK_exp2anyregup(fs, v);
+ yindex(ls, &key);
+ luaK_indexed(fs, v, &key);
+ break;
+ }
+ case ':': { /* ':' NAME funcargs */
+ expdesc key;
+ luaX_next(ls);
+ codename(ls, &key);
+ luaK_self(fs, v, &key);
+ funcargs(ls, v, line);
+ break;
+ }
+ case '(': case TK_STRING: case '{': { /* funcargs */
+ luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, v);
+ funcargs(ls, v, line);
+ break;
+ }
+ default: return;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void simpleexp (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
+ /* simpleexp -> FLT | INT | STRING | NIL | TRUE | FALSE | ... |
+ constructor | FUNCTION body | suffixedexp */
+ switch (ls->t.token) {
+ case TK_FLT: {
+ init_exp(v, VKFLT, 0);
+ v->u.nval = ls->t.seminfo.r;
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_INT: {
+ init_exp(v, VKINT, 0);
+ v->u.ival = ls->t.seminfo.i;
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_STRING: {
+ codestring(v, ls->t.seminfo.ts);
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_NIL: {
+ init_exp(v, VNIL, 0);
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_TRUE: {
+ init_exp(v, VTRUE, 0);
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_FALSE: {
+ init_exp(v, VFALSE, 0);
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_DOTS: { /* vararg */
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ check_condition(ls, fs->f->is_vararg,
+ "cannot use '...' outside a vararg function");
+ init_exp(v, VVARARG, luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_VARARG, 0, 0, 1));
+ break;
+ }
+ case '{': { /* constructor */
+ constructor(ls, v);
+ return;
+ }
+ case TK_FUNCTION: {
+ luaX_next(ls);
+ body(ls, v, 0, ls->linenumber);
+ return;
+ }
+ default: {
+ suffixedexp(ls, v);
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+ luaX_next(ls);
+}
+
+
+static UnOpr getunopr (int op) {
+ switch (op) {
+ case TK_NOT: return OPR_NOT;
+ case '-': return OPR_MINUS;
+ case '~': return OPR_BNOT;
+ case '#': return OPR_LEN;
+ default: return OPR_NOUNOPR;
+ }
+}
+
+
+static BinOpr getbinopr (int op) {
+ switch (op) {
+ case '+': return OPR_ADD;
+ case '-': return OPR_SUB;
+ case '*': return OPR_MUL;
+ case '%': return OPR_MOD;
+ case '^': return OPR_POW;
+ case '/': return OPR_DIV;
+ case TK_IDIV: return OPR_IDIV;
+ case '&': return OPR_BAND;
+ case '|': return OPR_BOR;
+ case '~': return OPR_BXOR;
+ case TK_SHL: return OPR_SHL;
+ case TK_SHR: return OPR_SHR;
+ case TK_CONCAT: return OPR_CONCAT;
+ case TK_NE: return OPR_NE;
+ case TK_EQ: return OPR_EQ;
+ case '<': return OPR_LT;
+ case TK_LE: return OPR_LE;
+ case '>': return OPR_GT;
+ case TK_GE: return OPR_GE;
+ case TK_AND: return OPR_AND;
+ case TK_OR: return OPR_OR;
+ default: return OPR_NOBINOPR;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Priority table for binary operators.
+*/
+static const struct {
+ lu_byte left; /* left priority for each binary operator */
+ lu_byte right; /* right priority */
+} priority[] = { /* ORDER OPR */
+ {10, 10}, {10, 10}, /* '+' '-' */
+ {11, 11}, {11, 11}, /* '*' '%' */
+ {14, 13}, /* '^' (right associative) */
+ {11, 11}, {11, 11}, /* '/' '//' */
+ {6, 6}, {4, 4}, {5, 5}, /* '&' '|' '~' */
+ {7, 7}, {7, 7}, /* '<<' '>>' */
+ {9, 8}, /* '..' (right associative) */
+ {3, 3}, {3, 3}, {3, 3}, /* ==, <, <= */
+ {3, 3}, {3, 3}, {3, 3}, /* ~=, >, >= */
+ {2, 2}, {1, 1} /* and, or */
+};
+
+#define UNARY_PRIORITY 12 /* priority for unary operators */
+
+
+/*
+** subexpr -> (simpleexp | unop subexpr) { binop subexpr }
+** where 'binop' is any binary operator with a priority higher than 'limit'
+*/
+static BinOpr subexpr (LexState *ls, expdesc *v, int limit) {
+ BinOpr op;
+ UnOpr uop;
+ enterlevel(ls);
+ uop = getunopr(ls->t.token);
+ if (uop != OPR_NOUNOPR) { /* prefix (unary) operator? */
+ int line = ls->linenumber;
+ luaX_next(ls); /* skip operator */
+ subexpr(ls, v, UNARY_PRIORITY);
+ luaK_prefix(ls->fs, uop, v, line);
+ }
+ else simpleexp(ls, v);
+ /* expand while operators have priorities higher than 'limit' */
+ op = getbinopr(ls->t.token);
+ while (op != OPR_NOBINOPR && priority[op].left > limit) {
+ expdesc v2;
+ BinOpr nextop;
+ int line = ls->linenumber;
+ luaX_next(ls); /* skip operator */
+ luaK_infix(ls->fs, op, v);
+ /* read sub-expression with higher priority */
+ nextop = subexpr(ls, &v2, priority[op].right);
+ luaK_posfix(ls->fs, op, v, &v2, line);
+ op = nextop;
+ }
+ leavelevel(ls);
+ return op; /* return first untreated operator */
+}
+
+
+static void expr (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
+ subexpr(ls, v, 0);
+}
+
+/* }==================================================================== */
+
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================================
+** Rules for Statements
+** =======================================================================
+*/
+
+
+static void block (LexState *ls) {
+ /* block -> statlist */
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ BlockCnt bl;
+ enterblock(fs, &bl, 0);
+ statlist(ls);
+ leaveblock(fs);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** structure to chain all variables in the left-hand side of an
+** assignment
+*/
+struct LHS_assign {
+ struct LHS_assign *prev;
+ expdesc v; /* variable (global, local, upvalue, or indexed) */
+};
+
+
+/*
+** check whether, in an assignment to an upvalue/local variable, the
+** upvalue/local variable is begin used in a previous assignment to a
+** table. If so, save original upvalue/local value in a safe place and
+** use this safe copy in the previous assignment.
+*/
+static void check_conflict (LexState *ls, struct LHS_assign *lh, expdesc *v) {
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ int extra = fs->freereg; /* eventual position to save local variable */
+ int conflict = 0;
+ for (; lh; lh = lh->prev) { /* check all previous assignments */
+ if (vkisindexed(lh->v.k)) { /* assignment to table field? */
+ if (lh->v.k == VINDEXUP) { /* is table an upvalue? */
+ if (v->k == VUPVAL && lh->v.u.ind.t == v->u.info) {
+ conflict = 1; /* table is the upvalue being assigned now */
+ lh->v.k = VINDEXSTR;
+ lh->v.u.ind.t = extra; /* assignment will use safe copy */
+ }
+ }
+ else { /* table is a register */
+ if (v->k == VLOCAL && lh->v.u.ind.t == v->u.var.ridx) {
+ conflict = 1; /* table is the local being assigned now */
+ lh->v.u.ind.t = extra; /* assignment will use safe copy */
+ }
+ /* is index the local being assigned? */
+ if (lh->v.k == VINDEXED && v->k == VLOCAL &&
+ lh->v.u.ind.idx == v->u.var.ridx) {
+ conflict = 1;
+ lh->v.u.ind.idx = extra; /* previous assignment will use safe copy */
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ if (conflict) {
+ /* copy upvalue/local value to a temporary (in position 'extra') */
+ if (v->k == VLOCAL)
+ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_MOVE, extra, v->u.var.ridx, 0);
+ else
+ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_GETUPVAL, extra, v->u.info, 0);
+ luaK_reserveregs(fs, 1);
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+** Parse and compile a multiple assignment. The first "variable"
+** (a 'suffixedexp') was already read by the caller.
+**
+** assignment -> suffixedexp restassign
+** restassign -> ',' suffixedexp restassign | '=' explist
+*/
+static void restassign (LexState *ls, struct LHS_assign *lh, int nvars) {
+ expdesc e;
+ check_condition(ls, vkisvar(lh->v.k), "syntax error");
+ check_readonly(ls, &lh->v);
+ if (testnext(ls, ',')) { /* restassign -> ',' suffixedexp restassign */
+ struct LHS_assign nv;
+ nv.prev = lh;
+ suffixedexp(ls, &nv.v);
+ if (!vkisindexed(nv.v.k))
+ check_conflict(ls, lh, &nv.v);
+ enterlevel(ls); /* control recursion depth */
+ restassign(ls, &nv, nvars+1);
+ leavelevel(ls);
+ }
+ else { /* restassign -> '=' explist */
+ int nexps;
+ checknext(ls, '=');
+ nexps = explist(ls, &e);
+ if (nexps != nvars)
+ adjust_assign(ls, nvars, nexps, &e);
+ else {
+ luaK_setoneret(ls->fs, &e); /* close last expression */
+ luaK_storevar(ls->fs, &lh->v, &e);
+ return; /* avoid default */
+ }
+ }
+ init_exp(&e, VNONRELOC, ls->fs->freereg-1); /* default assignment */
+ luaK_storevar(ls->fs, &lh->v, &e);
+}
+
+
+static int cond (LexState *ls) {
+ /* cond -> exp */
+ expdesc v;
+ expr(ls, &v); /* read condition */
+ if (v.k == VNIL) v.k = VFALSE; /* 'falses' are all equal here */
+ luaK_goiftrue(ls->fs, &v);
+ return v.f;
+}
+
+
+static void gotostat (LexState *ls) {
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ int line = ls->linenumber;
+ TString *name = str_checkname(ls); /* label's name */
+ Labeldesc *lb = findlabel(ls, name);
+ if (lb == NULL) /* no label? */
+ /* forward jump; will be resolved when the label is declared */
+ newgotoentry(ls, name, line, luaK_jump(fs));
+ else { /* found a label */
+ /* backward jump; will be resolved here */
+ int lblevel = reglevel(fs, lb->nactvar); /* label level */
+ if (luaY_nvarstack(fs) > lblevel) /* leaving the scope of a variable? */
+ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_CLOSE, lblevel, 0, 0);
+ /* create jump and link it to the label */
+ luaK_patchlist(fs, luaK_jump(fs), lb->pc);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Break statement. Semantically equivalent to "goto break".
+*/
+static void breakstat (LexState *ls) {
+ int line = ls->linenumber;
+ luaX_next(ls); /* skip break */
+ newgotoentry(ls, luaS_newliteral(ls->L, "break"), line, luaK_jump(ls->fs));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether there is already a label with the given 'name'.
+*/
+static void checkrepeated (LexState *ls, TString *name) {
+ Labeldesc *lb = findlabel(ls, name);
+ if (l_unlikely(lb != NULL)) { /* already defined? */
+ const char *msg = "label '%s' already defined on line %d";
+ msg = luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, msg, getstr(name), lb->line);
+ luaK_semerror(ls, msg); /* error */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void labelstat (LexState *ls, TString *name, int line) {
+ /* label -> '::' NAME '::' */
+ checknext(ls, TK_DBCOLON); /* skip double colon */
+ while (ls->t.token == ';' || ls->t.token == TK_DBCOLON)
+ statement(ls); /* skip other no-op statements */
+ checkrepeated(ls, name); /* check for repeated labels */
+ createlabel(ls, name, line, block_follow(ls, 0));
+}
+
+
+static void whilestat (LexState *ls, int line) {
+ /* whilestat -> WHILE cond DO block END */
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ int whileinit;
+ int condexit;
+ BlockCnt bl;
+ luaX_next(ls); /* skip WHILE */
+ whileinit = luaK_getlabel(fs);
+ condexit = cond(ls);
+ enterblock(fs, &bl, 1);
+ checknext(ls, TK_DO);
+ block(ls);
+ luaK_jumpto(fs, whileinit);
+ check_match(ls, TK_END, TK_WHILE, line);
+ leaveblock(fs);
+ luaK_patchtohere(fs, condexit); /* false conditions finish the loop */
+}
+
+
+static void repeatstat (LexState *ls, int line) {
+ /* repeatstat -> REPEAT block UNTIL cond */
+ int condexit;
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ int repeat_init = luaK_getlabel(fs);
+ BlockCnt bl1, bl2;
+ enterblock(fs, &bl1, 1); /* loop block */
+ enterblock(fs, &bl2, 0); /* scope block */
+ luaX_next(ls); /* skip REPEAT */
+ statlist(ls);
+ check_match(ls, TK_UNTIL, TK_REPEAT, line);
+ condexit = cond(ls); /* read condition (inside scope block) */
+ leaveblock(fs); /* finish scope */
+ if (bl2.upval) { /* upvalues? */
+ int exit = luaK_jump(fs); /* normal exit must jump over fix */
+ luaK_patchtohere(fs, condexit); /* repetition must close upvalues */
+ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_CLOSE, reglevel(fs, bl2.nactvar), 0, 0);
+ condexit = luaK_jump(fs); /* repeat after closing upvalues */
+ luaK_patchtohere(fs, exit); /* normal exit comes to here */
+ }
+ luaK_patchlist(fs, condexit, repeat_init); /* close the loop */
+ leaveblock(fs); /* finish loop */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Read an expression and generate code to put its results in next
+** stack slot.
+**
+*/
+static void exp1 (LexState *ls) {
+ expdesc e;
+ expr(ls, &e);
+ luaK_exp2nextreg(ls->fs, &e);
+ lua_assert(e.k == VNONRELOC);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Fix for instruction at position 'pc' to jump to 'dest'.
+** (Jump addresses are relative in Lua). 'back' true means
+** a back jump.
+*/
+static void fixforjump (FuncState *fs, int pc, int dest, int back) {
+ Instruction *jmp = &fs->f->code[pc];
+ int offset = dest - (pc + 1);
+ if (back)
+ offset = -offset;
+ if (l_unlikely(offset > MAXARG_Bx))
+ luaX_syntaxerror(fs->ls, "control structure too long");
+ SETARG_Bx(*jmp, offset);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Generate code for a 'for' loop.
+*/
+static void forbody (LexState *ls, int base, int line, int nvars, int isgen) {
+ /* forbody -> DO block */
+ static const OpCode forprep[2] = {OP_FORPREP, OP_TFORPREP};
+ static const OpCode forloop[2] = {OP_FORLOOP, OP_TFORLOOP};
+ BlockCnt bl;
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ int prep, endfor;
+ checknext(ls, TK_DO);
+ prep = luaK_codeABx(fs, forprep[isgen], base, 0);
+ enterblock(fs, &bl, 0); /* scope for declared variables */
+ adjustlocalvars(ls, nvars);
+ luaK_reserveregs(fs, nvars);
+ block(ls);
+ leaveblock(fs); /* end of scope for declared variables */
+ fixforjump(fs, prep, luaK_getlabel(fs), 0);
+ if (isgen) { /* generic for? */
+ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_TFORCALL, base, 0, nvars);
+ luaK_fixline(fs, line);
+ }
+ endfor = luaK_codeABx(fs, forloop[isgen], base, 0);
+ fixforjump(fs, endfor, prep + 1, 1);
+ luaK_fixline(fs, line);
+}
+
+
+static void fornum (LexState *ls, TString *varname, int line) {
+ /* fornum -> NAME = exp,exp[,exp] forbody */
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ int base = fs->freereg;
+ new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for state)");
+ new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for state)");
+ new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for state)");
+ new_localvar(ls, varname);
+ checknext(ls, '=');
+ exp1(ls); /* initial value */
+ checknext(ls, ',');
+ exp1(ls); /* limit */
+ if (testnext(ls, ','))
+ exp1(ls); /* optional step */
+ else { /* default step = 1 */
+ luaK_int(fs, fs->freereg, 1);
+ luaK_reserveregs(fs, 1);
+ }
+ adjustlocalvars(ls, 3); /* control variables */
+ forbody(ls, base, line, 1, 0);
+}
+
+
+static void forlist (LexState *ls, TString *indexname) {
+ /* forlist -> NAME {,NAME} IN explist forbody */
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ expdesc e;
+ int nvars = 5; /* gen, state, control, toclose, 'indexname' */
+ int line;
+ int base = fs->freereg;
+ /* create control variables */
+ new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for state)");
+ new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for state)");
+ new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for state)");
+ new_localvarliteral(ls, "(for state)");
+ /* create declared variables */
+ new_localvar(ls, indexname);
+ while (testnext(ls, ',')) {
+ new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls));
+ nvars++;
+ }
+ checknext(ls, TK_IN);
+ line = ls->linenumber;
+ adjust_assign(ls, 4, explist(ls, &e), &e);
+ adjustlocalvars(ls, 4); /* control variables */
+ marktobeclosed(fs); /* last control var. must be closed */
+ luaK_checkstack(fs, 3); /* extra space to call generator */
+ forbody(ls, base, line, nvars - 4, 1);
+}
+
+
+static void forstat (LexState *ls, int line) {
+ /* forstat -> FOR (fornum | forlist) END */
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ TString *varname;
+ BlockCnt bl;
+ enterblock(fs, &bl, 1); /* scope for loop and control variables */
+ luaX_next(ls); /* skip 'for' */
+ varname = str_checkname(ls); /* first variable name */
+ switch (ls->t.token) {
+ case '=': fornum(ls, varname, line); break;
+ case ',': case TK_IN: forlist(ls, varname); break;
+ default: luaX_syntaxerror(ls, "'=' or 'in' expected");
+ }
+ check_match(ls, TK_END, TK_FOR, line);
+ leaveblock(fs); /* loop scope ('break' jumps to this point) */
+}
+
+
+static void test_then_block (LexState *ls, int *escapelist) {
+ /* test_then_block -> [IF | ELSEIF] cond THEN block */
+ BlockCnt bl;
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ expdesc v;
+ int jf; /* instruction to skip 'then' code (if condition is false) */
+ luaX_next(ls); /* skip IF or ELSEIF */
+ expr(ls, &v); /* read condition */
+ checknext(ls, TK_THEN);
+ if (ls->t.token == TK_BREAK) { /* 'if x then break' ? */
+ int line = ls->linenumber;
+ luaK_goiffalse(ls->fs, &v); /* will jump if condition is true */
+ luaX_next(ls); /* skip 'break' */
+ enterblock(fs, &bl, 0); /* must enter block before 'goto' */
+ newgotoentry(ls, luaS_newliteral(ls->L, "break"), line, v.t);
+ while (testnext(ls, ';')) {} /* skip semicolons */
+ if (block_follow(ls, 0)) { /* jump is the entire block? */
+ leaveblock(fs);
+ return; /* and that is it */
+ }
+ else /* must skip over 'then' part if condition is false */
+ jf = luaK_jump(fs);
+ }
+ else { /* regular case (not a break) */
+ luaK_goiftrue(ls->fs, &v); /* skip over block if condition is false */
+ enterblock(fs, &bl, 0);
+ jf = v.f;
+ }
+ statlist(ls); /* 'then' part */
+ leaveblock(fs);
+ if (ls->t.token == TK_ELSE ||
+ ls->t.token == TK_ELSEIF) /* followed by 'else'/'elseif'? */
+ luaK_concat(fs, escapelist, luaK_jump(fs)); /* must jump over it */
+ luaK_patchtohere(fs, jf);
+}
+
+
+static void ifstat (LexState *ls, int line) {
+ /* ifstat -> IF cond THEN block {ELSEIF cond THEN block} [ELSE block] END */
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ int escapelist = NO_JUMP; /* exit list for finished parts */
+ test_then_block(ls, &escapelist); /* IF cond THEN block */
+ while (ls->t.token == TK_ELSEIF)
+ test_then_block(ls, &escapelist); /* ELSEIF cond THEN block */
+ if (testnext(ls, TK_ELSE))
+ block(ls); /* 'else' part */
+ check_match(ls, TK_END, TK_IF, line);
+ luaK_patchtohere(fs, escapelist); /* patch escape list to 'if' end */
+}
+
+
+static void localfunc (LexState *ls) {
+ expdesc b;
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ int fvar = fs->nactvar; /* function's variable index */
+ new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls)); /* new local variable */
+ adjustlocalvars(ls, 1); /* enter its scope */
+ body(ls, &b, 0, ls->linenumber); /* function created in next register */
+ /* debug information will only see the variable after this point! */
+ localdebuginfo(fs, fvar)->startpc = fs->pc;
+}
+
+
+static int getlocalattribute (LexState *ls) {
+ /* ATTRIB -> ['<' Name '>'] */
+ if (testnext(ls, '<')) {
+ const char *attr = getstr(str_checkname(ls));
+ checknext(ls, '>');
+ if (strcmp(attr, "const") == 0)
+ return RDKCONST; /* read-only variable */
+ else if (strcmp(attr, "close") == 0)
+ return RDKTOCLOSE; /* to-be-closed variable */
+ else
+ luaK_semerror(ls,
+ luaO_pushfstring(ls->L, "unknown attribute '%s'", attr));
+ }
+ return VDKREG; /* regular variable */
+}
+
+
+static void checktoclose (FuncState *fs, int level) {
+ if (level != -1) { /* is there a to-be-closed variable? */
+ marktobeclosed(fs);
+ luaK_codeABC(fs, OP_TBC, reglevel(fs, level), 0, 0);
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void localstat (LexState *ls) {
+ /* stat -> LOCAL NAME ATTRIB { ',' NAME ATTRIB } ['=' explist] */
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ int toclose = -1; /* index of to-be-closed variable (if any) */
+ Vardesc *var; /* last variable */
+ int vidx, kind; /* index and kind of last variable */
+ int nvars = 0;
+ int nexps;
+ expdesc e;
+ do {
+ vidx = new_localvar(ls, str_checkname(ls));
+ kind = getlocalattribute(ls);
+ getlocalvardesc(fs, vidx)->vd.kind = kind;
+ if (kind == RDKTOCLOSE) { /* to-be-closed? */
+ if (toclose != -1) /* one already present? */
+ luaK_semerror(ls, "multiple to-be-closed variables in local list");
+ toclose = fs->nactvar + nvars;
+ }
+ nvars++;
+ } while (testnext(ls, ','));
+ if (testnext(ls, '='))
+ nexps = explist(ls, &e);
+ else {
+ e.k = VVOID;
+ nexps = 0;
+ }
+ var = getlocalvardesc(fs, vidx); /* get last variable */
+ if (nvars == nexps && /* no adjustments? */
+ var->vd.kind == RDKCONST && /* last variable is const? */
+ luaK_exp2const(fs, &e, &var->k)) { /* compile-time constant? */
+ var->vd.kind = RDKCTC; /* variable is a compile-time constant */
+ adjustlocalvars(ls, nvars - 1); /* exclude last variable */
+ fs->nactvar++; /* but count it */
+ }
+ else {
+ adjust_assign(ls, nvars, nexps, &e);
+ adjustlocalvars(ls, nvars);
+ }
+ checktoclose(fs, toclose);
+}
+
+
+static int funcname (LexState *ls, expdesc *v) {
+ /* funcname -> NAME {fieldsel} [':' NAME] */
+ int ismethod = 0;
+ singlevar(ls, v);
+ while (ls->t.token == '.')
+ fieldsel(ls, v);
+ if (ls->t.token == ':') {
+ ismethod = 1;
+ fieldsel(ls, v);
+ }
+ return ismethod;
+}
+
+
+static void funcstat (LexState *ls, int line) {
+ /* funcstat -> FUNCTION funcname body */
+ int ismethod;
+ expdesc v, b;
+ luaX_next(ls); /* skip FUNCTION */
+ ismethod = funcname(ls, &v);
+ body(ls, &b, ismethod, line);
+ check_readonly(ls, &v);
+ luaK_storevar(ls->fs, &v, &b);
+ luaK_fixline(ls->fs, line); /* definition "happens" in the first line */
+}
+
+
+static void exprstat (LexState *ls) {
+ /* stat -> func | assignment */
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ struct LHS_assign v;
+ suffixedexp(ls, &v.v);
+ if (ls->t.token == '=' || ls->t.token == ',') { /* stat -> assignment ? */
+ v.prev = NULL;
+ restassign(ls, &v, 1);
+ }
+ else { /* stat -> func */
+ Instruction *inst;
+ check_condition(ls, v.v.k == VCALL, "syntax error");
+ inst = &getinstruction(fs, &v.v);
+ SETARG_C(*inst, 1); /* call statement uses no results */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void retstat (LexState *ls) {
+ /* stat -> RETURN [explist] [';'] */
+ FuncState *fs = ls->fs;
+ expdesc e;
+ int nret; /* number of values being returned */
+ int first = luaY_nvarstack(fs); /* first slot to be returned */
+ if (block_follow(ls, 1) || ls->t.token == ';')
+ nret = 0; /* return no values */
+ else {
+ nret = explist(ls, &e); /* optional return values */
+ if (hasmultret(e.k)) {
+ luaK_setmultret(fs, &e);
+ if (e.k == VCALL && nret == 1 && !fs->bl->insidetbc) { /* tail call? */
+ SET_OPCODE(getinstruction(fs,&e), OP_TAILCALL);
+ lua_assert(GETARG_A(getinstruction(fs,&e)) == luaY_nvarstack(fs));
+ }
+ nret = LUA_MULTRET; /* return all values */
+ }
+ else {
+ if (nret == 1) /* only one single value? */
+ first = luaK_exp2anyreg(fs, &e); /* can use original slot */
+ else { /* values must go to the top of the stack */
+ luaK_exp2nextreg(fs, &e);
+ lua_assert(nret == fs->freereg - first);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ luaK_ret(fs, first, nret);
+ testnext(ls, ';'); /* skip optional semicolon */
+}
+
+
+static void statement (LexState *ls) {
+ int line = ls->linenumber; /* may be needed for error messages */
+ enterlevel(ls);
+ switch (ls->t.token) {
+ case ';': { /* stat -> ';' (empty statement) */
+ luaX_next(ls); /* skip ';' */
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_IF: { /* stat -> ifstat */
+ ifstat(ls, line);
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_WHILE: { /* stat -> whilestat */
+ whilestat(ls, line);
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_DO: { /* stat -> DO block END */
+ luaX_next(ls); /* skip DO */
+ block(ls);
+ check_match(ls, TK_END, TK_DO, line);
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_FOR: { /* stat -> forstat */
+ forstat(ls, line);
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_REPEAT: { /* stat -> repeatstat */
+ repeatstat(ls, line);
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_FUNCTION: { /* stat -> funcstat */
+ funcstat(ls, line);
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_LOCAL: { /* stat -> localstat */
+ luaX_next(ls); /* skip LOCAL */
+ if (testnext(ls, TK_FUNCTION)) /* local function? */
+ localfunc(ls);
+ else
+ localstat(ls);
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_DBCOLON: { /* stat -> label */
+ luaX_next(ls); /* skip double colon */
+ labelstat(ls, str_checkname(ls), line);
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_RETURN: { /* stat -> retstat */
+ luaX_next(ls); /* skip RETURN */
+ retstat(ls);
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_BREAK: { /* stat -> breakstat */
+ breakstat(ls);
+ break;
+ }
+ case TK_GOTO: { /* stat -> 'goto' NAME */
+ luaX_next(ls); /* skip 'goto' */
+ gotostat(ls);
+ break;
+ }
+ default: { /* stat -> func | assignment */
+ exprstat(ls);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ lua_assert(ls->fs->f->maxstacksize >= ls->fs->freereg &&
+ ls->fs->freereg >= luaY_nvarstack(ls->fs));
+ ls->fs->freereg = luaY_nvarstack(ls->fs); /* free registers */
+ leavelevel(ls);
+}
+
+/* }====================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** compiles the main function, which is a regular vararg function with an
+** upvalue named LUA_ENV
+*/
+static void mainfunc (LexState *ls, FuncState *fs) {
+ BlockCnt bl;
+ Upvaldesc *env;
+ open_func(ls, fs, &bl);
+ setvararg(fs, 0); /* main function is always declared vararg */
+ env = allocupvalue(fs); /* ...set environment upvalue */
+ env->instack = 1;
+ env->idx = 0;
+ env->kind = VDKREG;
+ env->name = ls->envn;
+ luaC_objbarrier(ls->L, fs->f, env->name);
+ luaX_next(ls); /* read first token */
+ statlist(ls); /* parse main body */
+ check(ls, TK_EOS);
+ close_func(ls);
+}
+
+
+LClosure *luaY_parser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, Mbuffer *buff,
+ Dyndata *dyd, const char *name, int firstchar) {
+ LexState lexstate;
+ FuncState funcstate;
+ LClosure *cl = luaF_newLclosure(L, 1); /* create main closure */
+ setclLvalue2s(L, L->top.p, cl); /* anchor it (to avoid being collected) */
+ luaD_inctop(L);
+ lexstate.h = luaH_new(L); /* create table for scanner */
+ sethvalue2s(L, L->top.p, lexstate.h); /* anchor it */
+ luaD_inctop(L);
+ funcstate.f = cl->p = luaF_newproto(L);
+ luaC_objbarrier(L, cl, cl->p);
+ funcstate.f->source = luaS_new(L, name); /* create and anchor TString */
+ luaC_objbarrier(L, funcstate.f, funcstate.f->source);
+ lexstate.buff = buff;
+ lexstate.dyd = dyd;
+ dyd->actvar.n = dyd->gt.n = dyd->label.n = 0;
+ luaX_setinput(L, &lexstate, z, funcstate.f->source, firstchar);
+ mainfunc(&lexstate, &funcstate);
+ lua_assert(!funcstate.prev && funcstate.nups == 1 && !lexstate.fs);
+ /* all scopes should be correctly finished */
+ lua_assert(dyd->actvar.n == 0 && dyd->gt.n == 0 && dyd->label.n == 0);
+ L->top.p--; /* remove scanner's table */
+ return cl; /* closure is on the stack, too */
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lparser.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lparser.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5e4500f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lparser.h
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lparser.h $
+** Lua Parser
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef lparser_h
+#define lparser_h
+
+#include "llimits.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lzio.h"
+
+
+/*
+** Expression and variable descriptor.
+** Code generation for variables and expressions can be delayed to allow
+** optimizations; An 'expdesc' structure describes a potentially-delayed
+** variable/expression. It has a description of its "main" value plus a
+** list of conditional jumps that can also produce its value (generated
+** by short-circuit operators 'and'/'or').
+*/
+
+/* kinds of variables/expressions */
+typedef enum {
+ VVOID, /* when 'expdesc' describes the last expression of a list,
+ this kind means an empty list (so, no expression) */
+ VNIL, /* constant nil */
+ VTRUE, /* constant true */
+ VFALSE, /* constant false */
+ VK, /* constant in 'k'; info = index of constant in 'k' */
+ VKFLT, /* floating constant; nval = numerical float value */
+ VKINT, /* integer constant; ival = numerical integer value */
+ VKSTR, /* string constant; strval = TString address;
+ (string is fixed by the lexer) */
+ VNONRELOC, /* expression has its value in a fixed register;
+ info = result register */
+ VLOCAL, /* local variable; var.ridx = register index;
+ var.vidx = relative index in 'actvar.arr' */
+ VUPVAL, /* upvalue variable; info = index of upvalue in 'upvalues' */
+ VCONST, /* compile-time variable;
+ info = absolute index in 'actvar.arr' */
+ VINDEXED, /* indexed variable;
+ ind.t = table register;
+ ind.idx = key's R index */
+ VINDEXUP, /* indexed upvalue;
+ ind.t = table upvalue;
+ ind.idx = key's K index */
+ VINDEXI, /* indexed variable with constant integer;
+ ind.t = table register;
+ ind.idx = key's value */
+ VINDEXSTR, /* indexed variable with literal string;
+ ind.t = table register;
+ ind.idx = key's K index */
+ VJMP, /* expression is a test/comparison;
+ info = pc of corresponding jump instruction */
+ VRELOC, /* expression can put result in any register;
+ info = instruction pc */
+ VCALL, /* expression is a function call; info = instruction pc */
+ VVARARG /* vararg expression; info = instruction pc */
+} expkind;
+
+
+#define vkisvar(k) (VLOCAL <= (k) && (k) <= VINDEXSTR)
+#define vkisindexed(k) (VINDEXED <= (k) && (k) <= VINDEXSTR)
+
+
+typedef struct expdesc {
+ expkind k;
+ union {
+ lua_Integer ival; /* for VKINT */
+ lua_Number nval; /* for VKFLT */
+ TString *strval; /* for VKSTR */
+ int info; /* for generic use */
+ struct { /* for indexed variables */
+ short idx; /* index (R or "long" K) */
+ lu_byte t; /* table (register or upvalue) */
+ } ind;
+ struct { /* for local variables */
+ lu_byte ridx; /* register holding the variable */
+ unsigned short vidx; /* compiler index (in 'actvar.arr') */
+ } var;
+ } u;
+ int t; /* patch list of 'exit when true' */
+ int f; /* patch list of 'exit when false' */
+} expdesc;
+
+
+/* kinds of variables */
+#define VDKREG 0 /* regular */
+#define RDKCONST 1 /* constant */
+#define RDKTOCLOSE 2 /* to-be-closed */
+#define RDKCTC 3 /* compile-time constant */
+
+/* description of an active local variable */
+typedef union Vardesc {
+ struct {
+ TValuefields; /* constant value (if it is a compile-time constant) */
+ lu_byte kind;
+ lu_byte ridx; /* register holding the variable */
+ short pidx; /* index of the variable in the Proto's 'locvars' array */
+ TString *name; /* variable name */
+ } vd;
+ TValue k; /* constant value (if any) */
+} Vardesc;
+
+
+
+/* description of pending goto statements and label statements */
+typedef struct Labeldesc {
+ TString *name; /* label identifier */
+ int pc; /* position in code */
+ int line; /* line where it appeared */
+ lu_byte nactvar; /* number of active variables in that position */
+ lu_byte close; /* goto that escapes upvalues */
+} Labeldesc;
+
+
+/* list of labels or gotos */
+typedef struct Labellist {
+ Labeldesc *arr; /* array */
+ int n; /* number of entries in use */
+ int size; /* array size */
+} Labellist;
+
+
+/* dynamic structures used by the parser */
+typedef struct Dyndata {
+ struct { /* list of all active local variables */
+ Vardesc *arr;
+ int n;
+ int size;
+ } actvar;
+ Labellist gt; /* list of pending gotos */
+ Labellist label; /* list of active labels */
+} Dyndata;
+
+
+/* control of blocks */
+struct BlockCnt; /* defined in lparser.c */
+
+
+/* state needed to generate code for a given function */
+typedef struct FuncState {
+ Proto *f; /* current function header */
+ struct FuncState *prev; /* enclosing function */
+ struct LexState *ls; /* lexical state */
+ struct BlockCnt *bl; /* chain of current blocks */
+ int pc; /* next position to code (equivalent to 'ncode') */
+ int lasttarget; /* 'label' of last 'jump label' */
+ int previousline; /* last line that was saved in 'lineinfo' */
+ int nk; /* number of elements in 'k' */
+ int np; /* number of elements in 'p' */
+ int nabslineinfo; /* number of elements in 'abslineinfo' */
+ int firstlocal; /* index of first local var (in Dyndata array) */
+ int firstlabel; /* index of first label (in 'dyd->label->arr') */
+ short ndebugvars; /* number of elements in 'f->locvars' */
+ lu_byte nactvar; /* number of active local variables */
+ lu_byte nups; /* number of upvalues */
+ lu_byte freereg; /* first free register */
+ lu_byte iwthabs; /* instructions issued since last absolute line info */
+ lu_byte needclose; /* function needs to close upvalues when returning */
+} FuncState;
+
+
+LUAI_FUNC int luaY_nvarstack (FuncState *fs);
+LUAI_FUNC LClosure *luaY_parser (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, Mbuffer *buff,
+ Dyndata *dyd, const char *name, int firstchar);
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lprefix.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lprefix.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..484f2ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lprefix.h
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lprefix.h $
+** Definitions for Lua code that must come before any other header file
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef lprefix_h
+#define lprefix_h
+
+
+/*
+** Allows POSIX/XSI stuff
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89) /* { */
+
+#if !defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE)
+#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600
+#elif _XOPEN_SOURCE == 0
+#undef _XOPEN_SOURCE /* use -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=0 to undefine it */
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Allows manipulation of large files in gcc and some other compilers
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_32BITS) && !defined(_FILE_OFFSET_BITS)
+#define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
+#define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
+#endif
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+/*
+** Windows stuff
+*/
+#if defined(_WIN32) /* { */
+
+#if !defined(_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS)
+#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS /* avoid warnings about ISO C functions */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lstate.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lstate.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1fbefb4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lstate.c
@@ -0,0 +1,437 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lstate.c $
+** Global State
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lstate_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lapi.h"
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h"
+#include "lfunc.h"
+#include "lgc.h"
+#include "llex.h"
+#include "lmem.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+#include "lstring.h"
+#include "ltable.h"
+#include "ltm.h"
+
+
+
+/*
+** thread state + extra space
+*/
+typedef struct LX {
+ lu_byte extra_[LUA_EXTRASPACE];
+ lua_State l;
+} LX;
+
+
+/*
+** Main thread combines a thread state and the global state
+*/
+typedef struct LG {
+ LX l;
+ global_State g;
+} LG;
+
+
+
+#define fromstate(L) (cast(LX *, cast(lu_byte *, (L)) - offsetof(LX, l)))
+
+
+/*
+** A macro to create a "random" seed when a state is created;
+** the seed is used to randomize string hashes.
+*/
+#if !defined(luai_makeseed)
+
+#include
+
+/*
+** Compute an initial seed with some level of randomness.
+** Rely on Address Space Layout Randomization (if present) and
+** current time.
+*/
+#define addbuff(b,p,e) \
+ { size_t t = cast_sizet(e); \
+ memcpy(b + p, &t, sizeof(t)); p += sizeof(t); }
+
+static unsigned int luai_makeseed (lua_State *L) {
+ char buff[3 * sizeof(size_t)];
+ unsigned int h = cast_uint(time(NULL));
+ int p = 0;
+ addbuff(buff, p, L); /* heap variable */
+ addbuff(buff, p, &h); /* local variable */
+ addbuff(buff, p, &lua_newstate); /* public function */
+ lua_assert(p == sizeof(buff));
+ return luaS_hash(buff, p, h);
+}
+
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** set GCdebt to a new value keeping the value (totalbytes + GCdebt)
+** invariant (and avoiding underflows in 'totalbytes')
+*/
+void luaE_setdebt (global_State *g, l_mem debt) {
+ l_mem tb = gettotalbytes(g);
+ lua_assert(tb > 0);
+ if (debt < tb - MAX_LMEM)
+ debt = tb - MAX_LMEM; /* will make 'totalbytes == MAX_LMEM' */
+ g->totalbytes = tb - debt;
+ g->GCdebt = debt;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_setcstacklimit (lua_State *L, unsigned int limit) {
+ UNUSED(L); UNUSED(limit);
+ return LUAI_MAXCCALLS; /* warning?? */
+}
+
+
+CallInfo *luaE_extendCI (lua_State *L) {
+ CallInfo *ci;
+ lua_assert(L->ci->next == NULL);
+ ci = luaM_new(L, CallInfo);
+ lua_assert(L->ci->next == NULL);
+ L->ci->next = ci;
+ ci->previous = L->ci;
+ ci->next = NULL;
+ ci->u.l.trap = 0;
+ L->nci++;
+ return ci;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** free all CallInfo structures not in use by a thread
+*/
+void luaE_freeCI (lua_State *L) {
+ CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
+ CallInfo *next = ci->next;
+ ci->next = NULL;
+ while ((ci = next) != NULL) {
+ next = ci->next;
+ luaM_free(L, ci);
+ L->nci--;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** free half of the CallInfo structures not in use by a thread,
+** keeping the first one.
+*/
+void luaE_shrinkCI (lua_State *L) {
+ CallInfo *ci = L->ci->next; /* first free CallInfo */
+ CallInfo *next;
+ if (ci == NULL)
+ return; /* no extra elements */
+ while ((next = ci->next) != NULL) { /* two extra elements? */
+ CallInfo *next2 = next->next; /* next's next */
+ ci->next = next2; /* remove next from the list */
+ L->nci--;
+ luaM_free(L, next); /* free next */
+ if (next2 == NULL)
+ break; /* no more elements */
+ else {
+ next2->previous = ci;
+ ci = next2; /* continue */
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Called when 'getCcalls(L)' larger or equal to LUAI_MAXCCALLS.
+** If equal, raises an overflow error. If value is larger than
+** LUAI_MAXCCALLS (which means it is handling an overflow) but
+** not much larger, does not report an error (to allow overflow
+** handling to work).
+*/
+void luaE_checkcstack (lua_State *L) {
+ if (getCcalls(L) == LUAI_MAXCCALLS)
+ luaG_runerror(L, "C stack overflow");
+ else if (getCcalls(L) >= (LUAI_MAXCCALLS / 10 * 11))
+ luaD_throw(L, LUA_ERRERR); /* error while handling stack error */
+}
+
+
+LUAI_FUNC void luaE_incCstack (lua_State *L) {
+ L->nCcalls++;
+ if (l_unlikely(getCcalls(L) >= LUAI_MAXCCALLS))
+ luaE_checkcstack(L);
+}
+
+
+static void stack_init (lua_State *L1, lua_State *L) {
+ int i; CallInfo *ci;
+ /* initialize stack array */
+ L1->stack.p = luaM_newvector(L, BASIC_STACK_SIZE + EXTRA_STACK, StackValue);
+ L1->tbclist.p = L1->stack.p;
+ for (i = 0; i < BASIC_STACK_SIZE + EXTRA_STACK; i++)
+ setnilvalue(s2v(L1->stack.p + i)); /* erase new stack */
+ L1->top.p = L1->stack.p;
+ L1->stack_last.p = L1->stack.p + BASIC_STACK_SIZE;
+ /* initialize first ci */
+ ci = &L1->base_ci;
+ ci->next = ci->previous = NULL;
+ ci->callstatus = CIST_C;
+ ci->func.p = L1->top.p;
+ ci->u.c.k = NULL;
+ ci->nresults = 0;
+ setnilvalue(s2v(L1->top.p)); /* 'function' entry for this 'ci' */
+ L1->top.p++;
+ ci->top.p = L1->top.p + LUA_MINSTACK;
+ L1->ci = ci;
+}
+
+
+static void freestack (lua_State *L) {
+ if (L->stack.p == NULL)
+ return; /* stack not completely built yet */
+ L->ci = &L->base_ci; /* free the entire 'ci' list */
+ luaE_freeCI(L);
+ lua_assert(L->nci == 0);
+ luaM_freearray(L, L->stack.p, stacksize(L) + EXTRA_STACK); /* free stack */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Create registry table and its predefined values
+*/
+static void init_registry (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
+ /* create registry */
+ Table *registry = luaH_new(L);
+ sethvalue(L, &g->l_registry, registry);
+ luaH_resize(L, registry, LUA_RIDX_LAST, 0);
+ /* registry[LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD] = L */
+ setthvalue(L, ®istry->array[LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD - 1], L);
+ /* registry[LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS] = new table (table of globals) */
+ sethvalue(L, ®istry->array[LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS - 1], luaH_new(L));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** open parts of the state that may cause memory-allocation errors.
+*/
+static void f_luaopen (lua_State *L, void *ud) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ UNUSED(ud);
+ stack_init(L, L); /* init stack */
+ init_registry(L, g);
+ luaS_init(L);
+ luaT_init(L);
+ luaX_init(L);
+ g->gcstp = 0; /* allow gc */
+ setnilvalue(&g->nilvalue); /* now state is complete */
+ luai_userstateopen(L);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** preinitialize a thread with consistent values without allocating
+** any memory (to avoid errors)
+*/
+static void preinit_thread (lua_State *L, global_State *g) {
+ G(L) = g;
+ L->stack.p = NULL;
+ L->ci = NULL;
+ L->nci = 0;
+ L->twups = L; /* thread has no upvalues */
+ L->nCcalls = 0;
+ L->errorJmp = NULL;
+ L->hook = NULL;
+ L->hookmask = 0;
+ L->basehookcount = 0;
+ L->allowhook = 1;
+ resethookcount(L);
+ L->openupval = NULL;
+ L->status = LUA_OK;
+ L->errfunc = 0;
+ L->oldpc = 0;
+}
+
+
+static void close_state (lua_State *L) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ if (!completestate(g)) /* closing a partially built state? */
+ luaC_freeallobjects(L); /* just collect its objects */
+ else { /* closing a fully built state */
+ L->ci = &L->base_ci; /* unwind CallInfo list */
+ luaD_closeprotected(L, 1, LUA_OK); /* close all upvalues */
+ luaC_freeallobjects(L); /* collect all objects */
+ luai_userstateclose(L);
+ }
+ luaM_freearray(L, G(L)->strt.hash, G(L)->strt.size);
+ freestack(L);
+ lua_assert(gettotalbytes(g) == sizeof(LG));
+ (*g->frealloc)(g->ud, fromstate(L), sizeof(LG), 0); /* free main block */
+}
+
+
+LUA_API lua_State *lua_newthread (lua_State *L) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ GCObject *o;
+ lua_State *L1;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ luaC_checkGC(L);
+ /* create new thread */
+ o = luaC_newobjdt(L, LUA_TTHREAD, sizeof(LX), offsetof(LX, l));
+ L1 = gco2th(o);
+ /* anchor it on L stack */
+ setthvalue2s(L, L->top.p, L1);
+ api_incr_top(L);
+ preinit_thread(L1, g);
+ L1->hookmask = L->hookmask;
+ L1->basehookcount = L->basehookcount;
+ L1->hook = L->hook;
+ resethookcount(L1);
+ /* initialize L1 extra space */
+ memcpy(lua_getextraspace(L1), lua_getextraspace(g->mainthread),
+ LUA_EXTRASPACE);
+ luai_userstatethread(L, L1);
+ stack_init(L1, L); /* init stack */
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return L1;
+}
+
+
+void luaE_freethread (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1) {
+ LX *l = fromstate(L1);
+ luaF_closeupval(L1, L1->stack.p); /* close all upvalues */
+ lua_assert(L1->openupval == NULL);
+ luai_userstatefree(L, L1);
+ freestack(L1);
+ luaM_free(L, l);
+}
+
+
+int luaE_resetthread (lua_State *L, int status) {
+ CallInfo *ci = L->ci = &L->base_ci; /* unwind CallInfo list */
+ setnilvalue(s2v(L->stack.p)); /* 'function' entry for basic 'ci' */
+ ci->func.p = L->stack.p;
+ ci->callstatus = CIST_C;
+ if (status == LUA_YIELD)
+ status = LUA_OK;
+ L->status = LUA_OK; /* so it can run __close metamethods */
+ status = luaD_closeprotected(L, 1, status);
+ if (status != LUA_OK) /* errors? */
+ luaD_seterrorobj(L, status, L->stack.p + 1);
+ else
+ L->top.p = L->stack.p + 1;
+ ci->top.p = L->top.p + LUA_MINSTACK;
+ luaD_reallocstack(L, cast_int(ci->top.p - L->stack.p), 0);
+ return status;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API int lua_resetthread (lua_State *L, lua_State *from) {
+ int status;
+ lua_lock(L);
+ L->nCcalls = (from) ? getCcalls(from) : 0;
+ status = luaE_resetthread(L, L->status);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ return status;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API lua_State *lua_newstate (lua_Alloc f, void *ud) {
+ int i;
+ lua_State *L;
+ global_State *g;
+ LG *l = cast(LG *, (*f)(ud, NULL, LUA_TTHREAD, sizeof(LG)));
+ if (l == NULL) return NULL;
+ L = &l->l.l;
+ g = &l->g;
+ L->tt = LUA_VTHREAD;
+ g->currentwhite = bitmask(WHITE0BIT);
+ L->marked = luaC_white(g);
+ preinit_thread(L, g);
+ g->allgc = obj2gco(L); /* by now, only object is the main thread */
+ L->next = NULL;
+ incnny(L); /* main thread is always non yieldable */
+ g->frealloc = f;
+ g->ud = ud;
+ g->warnf = NULL;
+ g->ud_warn = NULL;
+ g->mainthread = L;
+ g->seed = luai_makeseed(L);
+ g->gcstp = GCSTPGC; /* no GC while building state */
+ g->strt.size = g->strt.nuse = 0;
+ g->strt.hash = NULL;
+ setnilvalue(&g->l_registry);
+ g->panic = NULL;
+ g->gcstate = GCSpause;
+ g->gckind = KGC_INC;
+ g->gcstopem = 0;
+ g->gcemergency = 0;
+ g->finobj = g->tobefnz = g->fixedgc = NULL;
+ g->firstold1 = g->survival = g->old1 = g->reallyold = NULL;
+ g->finobjsur = g->finobjold1 = g->finobjrold = NULL;
+ g->sweepgc = NULL;
+ g->gray = g->grayagain = NULL;
+ g->weak = g->ephemeron = g->allweak = NULL;
+ g->twups = NULL;
+ g->totalbytes = sizeof(LG);
+ g->GCdebt = 0;
+ g->lastatomic = 0;
+ setivalue(&g->nilvalue, 0); /* to signal that state is not yet built */
+ setgcparam(g->gcpause, LUAI_GCPAUSE);
+ setgcparam(g->gcstepmul, LUAI_GCMUL);
+ g->gcstepsize = LUAI_GCSTEPSIZE;
+ setgcparam(g->genmajormul, LUAI_GENMAJORMUL);
+ g->genminormul = LUAI_GENMINORMUL;
+ for (i=0; i < LUA_NUMTAGS; i++) g->mt[i] = NULL;
+ if (luaD_rawrunprotected(L, f_luaopen, NULL) != LUA_OK) {
+ /* memory allocation error: free partial state */
+ close_state(L);
+ L = NULL;
+ }
+ return L;
+}
+
+
+LUA_API void lua_close (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_lock(L);
+ L = G(L)->mainthread; /* only the main thread can be closed */
+ close_state(L);
+}
+
+
+void luaE_warning (lua_State *L, const char *msg, int tocont) {
+ lua_WarnFunction wf = G(L)->warnf;
+ if (wf != NULL)
+ wf(G(L)->ud_warn, msg, tocont);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Generate a warning from an error message
+*/
+void luaE_warnerror (lua_State *L, const char *where) {
+ TValue *errobj = s2v(L->top.p - 1); /* error object */
+ const char *msg = (ttisstring(errobj))
+ ? svalue(errobj)
+ : "error object is not a string";
+ /* produce warning "error in %s (%s)" (where, msg) */
+ luaE_warning(L, "error in ", 1);
+ luaE_warning(L, where, 1);
+ luaE_warning(L, " (", 1);
+ luaE_warning(L, msg, 1);
+ luaE_warning(L, ")", 0);
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lstate.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lstate.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8bf6600
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lstate.h
@@ -0,0 +1,409 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lstate.h $
+** Global State
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef lstate_h
+#define lstate_h
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+
+/* Some header files included here need this definition */
+typedef struct CallInfo CallInfo;
+
+
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "ltm.h"
+#include "lzio.h"
+
+
+/*
+** Some notes about garbage-collected objects: All objects in Lua must
+** be kept somehow accessible until being freed, so all objects always
+** belong to one (and only one) of these lists, using field 'next' of
+** the 'CommonHeader' for the link:
+**
+** 'allgc': all objects not marked for finalization;
+** 'finobj': all objects marked for finalization;
+** 'tobefnz': all objects ready to be finalized;
+** 'fixedgc': all objects that are not to be collected (currently
+** only small strings, such as reserved words).
+**
+** For the generational collector, some of these lists have marks for
+** generations. Each mark points to the first element in the list for
+** that particular generation; that generation goes until the next mark.
+**
+** 'allgc' -> 'survival': new objects;
+** 'survival' -> 'old': objects that survived one collection;
+** 'old1' -> 'reallyold': objects that became old in last collection;
+** 'reallyold' -> NULL: objects old for more than one cycle.
+**
+** 'finobj' -> 'finobjsur': new objects marked for finalization;
+** 'finobjsur' -> 'finobjold1': survived """";
+** 'finobjold1' -> 'finobjrold': just old """";
+** 'finobjrold' -> NULL: really old """".
+**
+** All lists can contain elements older than their main ages, due
+** to 'luaC_checkfinalizer' and 'udata2finalize', which move
+** objects between the normal lists and the "marked for finalization"
+** lists. Moreover, barriers can age young objects in young lists as
+** OLD0, which then become OLD1. However, a list never contains
+** elements younger than their main ages.
+**
+** The generational collector also uses a pointer 'firstold1', which
+** points to the first OLD1 object in the list. It is used to optimize
+** 'markold'. (Potentially OLD1 objects can be anywhere between 'allgc'
+** and 'reallyold', but often the list has no OLD1 objects or they are
+** after 'old1'.) Note the difference between it and 'old1':
+** 'firstold1': no OLD1 objects before this point; there can be all
+** ages after it.
+** 'old1': no objects younger than OLD1 after this point.
+*/
+
+/*
+** Moreover, there is another set of lists that control gray objects.
+** These lists are linked by fields 'gclist'. (All objects that
+** can become gray have such a field. The field is not the same
+** in all objects, but it always has this name.) Any gray object
+** must belong to one of these lists, and all objects in these lists
+** must be gray (with two exceptions explained below):
+**
+** 'gray': regular gray objects, still waiting to be visited.
+** 'grayagain': objects that must be revisited at the atomic phase.
+** That includes
+** - black objects got in a write barrier;
+** - all kinds of weak tables during propagation phase;
+** - all threads.
+** 'weak': tables with weak values to be cleared;
+** 'ephemeron': ephemeron tables with white->white entries;
+** 'allweak': tables with weak keys and/or weak values to be cleared.
+**
+** The exceptions to that "gray rule" are:
+** - TOUCHED2 objects in generational mode stay in a gray list (because
+** they must be visited again at the end of the cycle), but they are
+** marked black because assignments to them must activate barriers (to
+** move them back to TOUCHED1).
+** - Open upvales are kept gray to avoid barriers, but they stay out
+** of gray lists. (They don't even have a 'gclist' field.)
+*/
+
+
+
+/*
+** About 'nCcalls': This count has two parts: the lower 16 bits counts
+** the number of recursive invocations in the C stack; the higher
+** 16 bits counts the number of non-yieldable calls in the stack.
+** (They are together so that we can change and save both with one
+** instruction.)
+*/
+
+
+/* true if this thread does not have non-yieldable calls in the stack */
+#define yieldable(L) (((L)->nCcalls & 0xffff0000) == 0)
+
+/* real number of C calls */
+#define getCcalls(L) ((L)->nCcalls & 0xffff)
+
+
+/* Increment the number of non-yieldable calls */
+#define incnny(L) ((L)->nCcalls += 0x10000)
+
+/* Decrement the number of non-yieldable calls */
+#define decnny(L) ((L)->nCcalls -= 0x10000)
+
+/* Non-yieldable call increment */
+#define nyci (0x10000 | 1)
+
+
+
+
+struct lua_longjmp; /* defined in ldo.c */
+
+
+/*
+** Atomic type (relative to signals) to better ensure that 'lua_sethook'
+** is thread safe
+*/
+#if !defined(l_signalT)
+#include
+#define l_signalT sig_atomic_t
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** Extra stack space to handle TM calls and some other extras. This
+** space is not included in 'stack_last'. It is used only to avoid stack
+** checks, either because the element will be promptly popped or because
+** there will be a stack check soon after the push. Function frames
+** never use this extra space, so it does not need to be kept clean.
+*/
+#define EXTRA_STACK 5
+
+
+#define BASIC_STACK_SIZE (2*LUA_MINSTACK)
+
+#define stacksize(th) cast_int((th)->stack_last.p - (th)->stack.p)
+
+
+/* kinds of Garbage Collection */
+#define KGC_INC 0 /* incremental gc */
+#define KGC_GEN 1 /* generational gc */
+
+
+typedef struct stringtable {
+ TString **hash;
+ int nuse; /* number of elements */
+ int size;
+} stringtable;
+
+
+/*
+** Information about a call.
+** About union 'u':
+** - field 'l' is used only for Lua functions;
+** - field 'c' is used only for C functions.
+** About union 'u2':
+** - field 'funcidx' is used only by C functions while doing a
+** protected call;
+** - field 'nyield' is used only while a function is "doing" an
+** yield (from the yield until the next resume);
+** - field 'nres' is used only while closing tbc variables when
+** returning from a function;
+** - field 'transferinfo' is used only during call/returnhooks,
+** before the function starts or after it ends.
+*/
+struct CallInfo {
+ StkIdRel func; /* function index in the stack */
+ StkIdRel top; /* top for this function */
+ struct CallInfo *previous, *next; /* dynamic call link */
+ union {
+ struct { /* only for Lua functions */
+ const Instruction *savedpc;
+ volatile l_signalT trap;
+ int nextraargs; /* # of extra arguments in vararg functions */
+ } l;
+ struct { /* only for C functions */
+ lua_KFunction k; /* continuation in case of yields */
+ ptrdiff_t old_errfunc;
+ lua_KContext ctx; /* context info. in case of yields */
+ } c;
+ } u;
+ union {
+ int funcidx; /* called-function index */
+ int nyield; /* number of values yielded */
+ int nres; /* number of values returned */
+ struct { /* info about transferred values (for call/return hooks) */
+ unsigned short ftransfer; /* offset of first value transferred */
+ unsigned short ntransfer; /* number of values transferred */
+ } transferinfo;
+ } u2;
+ short nresults; /* expected number of results from this function */
+ unsigned short callstatus;
+};
+
+
+/*
+** Bits in CallInfo status
+*/
+#define CIST_OAH (1<<0) /* original value of 'allowhook' */
+#define CIST_C (1<<1) /* call is running a C function */
+#define CIST_FRESH (1<<2) /* call is on a fresh "luaV_execute" frame */
+#define CIST_HOOKED (1<<3) /* call is running a debug hook */
+#define CIST_YPCALL (1<<4) /* doing a yieldable protected call */
+#define CIST_TAIL (1<<5) /* call was tail called */
+#define CIST_HOOKYIELD (1<<6) /* last hook called yielded */
+#define CIST_FIN (1<<7) /* function "called" a finalizer */
+#define CIST_TRAN (1<<8) /* 'ci' has transfer information */
+#define CIST_CLSRET (1<<9) /* function is closing tbc variables */
+/* Bits 10-12 are used for CIST_RECST (see below) */
+#define CIST_RECST 10
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_LT_LE)
+#define CIST_LEQ (1<<13) /* using __lt for __le */
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** Field CIST_RECST stores the "recover status", used to keep the error
+** status while closing to-be-closed variables in coroutines, so that
+** Lua can correctly resume after an yield from a __close method called
+** because of an error. (Three bits are enough for error status.)
+*/
+#define getcistrecst(ci) (((ci)->callstatus >> CIST_RECST) & 7)
+#define setcistrecst(ci,st) \
+ check_exp(((st) & 7) == (st), /* status must fit in three bits */ \
+ ((ci)->callstatus = ((ci)->callstatus & ~(7 << CIST_RECST)) \
+ | ((st) << CIST_RECST)))
+
+
+/* active function is a Lua function */
+#define isLua(ci) (!((ci)->callstatus & CIST_C))
+
+/* call is running Lua code (not a hook) */
+#define isLuacode(ci) (!((ci)->callstatus & (CIST_C | CIST_HOOKED)))
+
+/* assume that CIST_OAH has offset 0 and that 'v' is strictly 0/1 */
+#define setoah(st,v) ((st) = ((st) & ~CIST_OAH) | (v))
+#define getoah(st) ((st) & CIST_OAH)
+
+
+/*
+** 'global state', shared by all threads of this state
+*/
+typedef struct global_State {
+ lua_Alloc frealloc; /* function to reallocate memory */
+ void *ud; /* auxiliary data to 'frealloc' */
+ l_mem totalbytes; /* number of bytes currently allocated - GCdebt */
+ l_mem GCdebt; /* bytes allocated not yet compensated by the collector */
+ lu_mem GCestimate; /* an estimate of the non-garbage memory in use */
+ lu_mem lastatomic; /* see function 'genstep' in file 'lgc.c' */
+ stringtable strt; /* hash table for strings */
+ TValue l_registry;
+ TValue nilvalue; /* a nil value */
+ unsigned int seed; /* randomized seed for hashes */
+ lu_byte currentwhite;
+ lu_byte gcstate; /* state of garbage collector */
+ lu_byte gckind; /* kind of GC running */
+ lu_byte gcstopem; /* stops emergency collections */
+ lu_byte genminormul; /* control for minor generational collections */
+ lu_byte genmajormul; /* control for major generational collections */
+ lu_byte gcstp; /* control whether GC is running */
+ lu_byte gcemergency; /* true if this is an emergency collection */
+ lu_byte gcpause; /* size of pause between successive GCs */
+ lu_byte gcstepmul; /* GC "speed" */
+ lu_byte gcstepsize; /* (log2 of) GC granularity */
+ GCObject *allgc; /* list of all collectable objects */
+ GCObject **sweepgc; /* current position of sweep in list */
+ GCObject *finobj; /* list of collectable objects with finalizers */
+ GCObject *gray; /* list of gray objects */
+ GCObject *grayagain; /* list of objects to be traversed atomically */
+ GCObject *weak; /* list of tables with weak values */
+ GCObject *ephemeron; /* list of ephemeron tables (weak keys) */
+ GCObject *allweak; /* list of all-weak tables */
+ GCObject *tobefnz; /* list of userdata to be GC */
+ GCObject *fixedgc; /* list of objects not to be collected */
+ /* fields for generational collector */
+ GCObject *survival; /* start of objects that survived one GC cycle */
+ GCObject *old1; /* start of old1 objects */
+ GCObject *reallyold; /* objects more than one cycle old ("really old") */
+ GCObject *firstold1; /* first OLD1 object in the list (if any) */
+ GCObject *finobjsur; /* list of survival objects with finalizers */
+ GCObject *finobjold1; /* list of old1 objects with finalizers */
+ GCObject *finobjrold; /* list of really old objects with finalizers */
+ struct lua_State *twups; /* list of threads with open upvalues */
+ lua_CFunction panic; /* to be called in unprotected errors */
+ struct lua_State *mainthread;
+ TString *memerrmsg; /* message for memory-allocation errors */
+ TString *tmname[TM_N]; /* array with tag-method names */
+ struct Table *mt[LUA_NUMTYPES]; /* metatables for basic types */
+ TString *strcache[STRCACHE_N][STRCACHE_M]; /* cache for strings in API */
+ lua_WarnFunction warnf; /* warning function */
+ void *ud_warn; /* auxiliary data to 'warnf' */
+} global_State;
+
+
+/*
+** 'per thread' state
+*/
+struct lua_State {
+ CommonHeader;
+ lu_byte status;
+ lu_byte allowhook;
+ unsigned short nci; /* number of items in 'ci' list */
+ StkIdRel top; /* first free slot in the stack */
+ global_State *l_G;
+ CallInfo *ci; /* call info for current function */
+ StkIdRel stack_last; /* end of stack (last element + 1) */
+ StkIdRel stack; /* stack base */
+ UpVal *openupval; /* list of open upvalues in this stack */
+ StkIdRel tbclist; /* list of to-be-closed variables */
+ GCObject *gclist;
+ struct lua_State *twups; /* list of threads with open upvalues */
+ struct lua_longjmp *errorJmp; /* current error recover point */
+ CallInfo base_ci; /* CallInfo for first level (C calling Lua) */
+ volatile lua_Hook hook;
+ ptrdiff_t errfunc; /* current error handling function (stack index) */
+ l_uint32 nCcalls; /* number of nested (non-yieldable | C) calls */
+ int oldpc; /* last pc traced */
+ int basehookcount;
+ int hookcount;
+ volatile l_signalT hookmask;
+};
+
+
+#define G(L) (L->l_G)
+
+/*
+** 'g->nilvalue' being a nil value flags that the state was completely
+** build.
+*/
+#define completestate(g) ttisnil(&g->nilvalue)
+
+
+/*
+** Union of all collectable objects (only for conversions)
+** ISO C99, 6.5.2.3 p.5:
+** "if a union contains several structures that share a common initial
+** sequence [...], and if the union object currently contains one
+** of these structures, it is permitted to inspect the common initial
+** part of any of them anywhere that a declaration of the complete type
+** of the union is visible."
+*/
+union GCUnion {
+ GCObject gc; /* common header */
+ struct TString ts;
+ struct Udata u;
+ union Closure cl;
+ struct Table h;
+ struct Proto p;
+ struct lua_State th; /* thread */
+ struct UpVal upv;
+};
+
+
+/*
+** ISO C99, 6.7.2.1 p.14:
+** "A pointer to a union object, suitably converted, points to each of
+** its members [...], and vice versa."
+*/
+#define cast_u(o) cast(union GCUnion *, (o))
+
+/* macros to convert a GCObject into a specific value */
+#define gco2ts(o) \
+ check_exp(novariant((o)->tt) == LUA_TSTRING, &((cast_u(o))->ts))
+#define gco2u(o) check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_VUSERDATA, &((cast_u(o))->u))
+#define gco2lcl(o) check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_VLCL, &((cast_u(o))->cl.l))
+#define gco2ccl(o) check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_VCCL, &((cast_u(o))->cl.c))
+#define gco2cl(o) \
+ check_exp(novariant((o)->tt) == LUA_TFUNCTION, &((cast_u(o))->cl))
+#define gco2t(o) check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_VTABLE, &((cast_u(o))->h))
+#define gco2p(o) check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_VPROTO, &((cast_u(o))->p))
+#define gco2th(o) check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_VTHREAD, &((cast_u(o))->th))
+#define gco2upv(o) check_exp((o)->tt == LUA_VUPVAL, &((cast_u(o))->upv))
+
+
+/*
+** macro to convert a Lua object into a GCObject
+** (The access to 'tt' tries to ensure that 'v' is actually a Lua object.)
+*/
+#define obj2gco(v) check_exp((v)->tt >= LUA_TSTRING, &(cast_u(v)->gc))
+
+
+/* actual number of total bytes allocated */
+#define gettotalbytes(g) cast(lu_mem, (g)->totalbytes + (g)->GCdebt)
+
+LUAI_FUNC void luaE_setdebt (global_State *g, l_mem debt);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaE_freethread (lua_State *L, lua_State *L1);
+LUAI_FUNC CallInfo *luaE_extendCI (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaE_freeCI (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaE_shrinkCI (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaE_checkcstack (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaE_incCstack (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaE_warning (lua_State *L, const char *msg, int tocont);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaE_warnerror (lua_State *L, const char *where);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaE_resetthread (lua_State *L, int status);
+
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lstring.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lstring.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..13dcaf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lstring.c
@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lstring.c $
+** String table (keeps all strings handled by Lua)
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lstring_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h"
+#include "lmem.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+#include "lstring.h"
+
+
+/*
+** Maximum size for string table.
+*/
+#define MAXSTRTB cast_int(luaM_limitN(MAX_INT, TString*))
+
+
+/*
+** equality for long strings
+*/
+int luaS_eqlngstr (TString *a, TString *b) {
+ size_t len = a->u.lnglen;
+ lua_assert(a->tt == LUA_VLNGSTR && b->tt == LUA_VLNGSTR);
+ return (a == b) || /* same instance or... */
+ ((len == b->u.lnglen) && /* equal length and ... */
+ (memcmp(getstr(a), getstr(b), len) == 0)); /* equal contents */
+}
+
+
+unsigned int luaS_hash (const char *str, size_t l, unsigned int seed) {
+ unsigned int h = seed ^ cast_uint(l);
+ for (; l > 0; l--)
+ h ^= ((h<<5) + (h>>2) + cast_byte(str[l - 1]));
+ return h;
+}
+
+
+unsigned int luaS_hashlongstr (TString *ts) {
+ lua_assert(ts->tt == LUA_VLNGSTR);
+ if (ts->extra == 0) { /* no hash? */
+ size_t len = ts->u.lnglen;
+ ts->hash = luaS_hash(getstr(ts), len, ts->hash);
+ ts->extra = 1; /* now it has its hash */
+ }
+ return ts->hash;
+}
+
+
+static void tablerehash (TString **vect, int osize, int nsize) {
+ int i;
+ for (i = osize; i < nsize; i++) /* clear new elements */
+ vect[i] = NULL;
+ for (i = 0; i < osize; i++) { /* rehash old part of the array */
+ TString *p = vect[i];
+ vect[i] = NULL;
+ while (p) { /* for each string in the list */
+ TString *hnext = p->u.hnext; /* save next */
+ unsigned int h = lmod(p->hash, nsize); /* new position */
+ p->u.hnext = vect[h]; /* chain it into array */
+ vect[h] = p;
+ p = hnext;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Resize the string table. If allocation fails, keep the current size.
+** (This can degrade performance, but any non-zero size should work
+** correctly.)
+*/
+void luaS_resize (lua_State *L, int nsize) {
+ stringtable *tb = &G(L)->strt;
+ int osize = tb->size;
+ TString **newvect;
+ if (nsize < osize) /* shrinking table? */
+ tablerehash(tb->hash, osize, nsize); /* depopulate shrinking part */
+ newvect = luaM_reallocvector(L, tb->hash, osize, nsize, TString*);
+ if (l_unlikely(newvect == NULL)) { /* reallocation failed? */
+ if (nsize < osize) /* was it shrinking table? */
+ tablerehash(tb->hash, nsize, osize); /* restore to original size */
+ /* leave table as it was */
+ }
+ else { /* allocation succeeded */
+ tb->hash = newvect;
+ tb->size = nsize;
+ if (nsize > osize)
+ tablerehash(newvect, osize, nsize); /* rehash for new size */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Clear API string cache. (Entries cannot be empty, so fill them with
+** a non-collectable string.)
+*/
+void luaS_clearcache (global_State *g) {
+ int i, j;
+ for (i = 0; i < STRCACHE_N; i++)
+ for (j = 0; j < STRCACHE_M; j++) {
+ if (iswhite(g->strcache[i][j])) /* will entry be collected? */
+ g->strcache[i][j] = g->memerrmsg; /* replace it with something fixed */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Initialize the string table and the string cache
+*/
+void luaS_init (lua_State *L) {
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ int i, j;
+ stringtable *tb = &G(L)->strt;
+ tb->hash = luaM_newvector(L, MINSTRTABSIZE, TString*);
+ tablerehash(tb->hash, 0, MINSTRTABSIZE); /* clear array */
+ tb->size = MINSTRTABSIZE;
+ /* pre-create memory-error message */
+ g->memerrmsg = luaS_newliteral(L, MEMERRMSG);
+ luaC_fix(L, obj2gco(g->memerrmsg)); /* it should never be collected */
+ for (i = 0; i < STRCACHE_N; i++) /* fill cache with valid strings */
+ for (j = 0; j < STRCACHE_M; j++)
+ g->strcache[i][j] = g->memerrmsg;
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+** creates a new string object
+*/
+static TString *createstrobj (lua_State *L, size_t l, int tag, unsigned int h) {
+ TString *ts;
+ GCObject *o;
+ size_t totalsize; /* total size of TString object */
+ totalsize = sizelstring(l);
+ o = luaC_newobj(L, tag, totalsize);
+ ts = gco2ts(o);
+ ts->hash = h;
+ ts->extra = 0;
+ getstr(ts)[l] = '\0'; /* ending 0 */
+ return ts;
+}
+
+
+TString *luaS_createlngstrobj (lua_State *L, size_t l) {
+ TString *ts = createstrobj(L, l, LUA_VLNGSTR, G(L)->seed);
+ ts->u.lnglen = l;
+ return ts;
+}
+
+
+void luaS_remove (lua_State *L, TString *ts) {
+ stringtable *tb = &G(L)->strt;
+ TString **p = &tb->hash[lmod(ts->hash, tb->size)];
+ while (*p != ts) /* find previous element */
+ p = &(*p)->u.hnext;
+ *p = (*p)->u.hnext; /* remove element from its list */
+ tb->nuse--;
+}
+
+
+static void growstrtab (lua_State *L, stringtable *tb) {
+ if (l_unlikely(tb->nuse == MAX_INT)) { /* too many strings? */
+ luaC_fullgc(L, 1); /* try to free some... */
+ if (tb->nuse == MAX_INT) /* still too many? */
+ luaM_error(L); /* cannot even create a message... */
+ }
+ if (tb->size <= MAXSTRTB / 2) /* can grow string table? */
+ luaS_resize(L, tb->size * 2);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Checks whether short string exists and reuses it or creates a new one.
+*/
+static TString *internshrstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l) {
+ TString *ts;
+ global_State *g = G(L);
+ stringtable *tb = &g->strt;
+ unsigned int h = luaS_hash(str, l, g->seed);
+ TString **list = &tb->hash[lmod(h, tb->size)];
+ lua_assert(str != NULL); /* otherwise 'memcmp'/'memcpy' are undefined */
+ for (ts = *list; ts != NULL; ts = ts->u.hnext) {
+ if (l == ts->shrlen && (memcmp(str, getstr(ts), l * sizeof(char)) == 0)) {
+ /* found! */
+ if (isdead(g, ts)) /* dead (but not collected yet)? */
+ changewhite(ts); /* resurrect it */
+ return ts;
+ }
+ }
+ /* else must create a new string */
+ if (tb->nuse >= tb->size) { /* need to grow string table? */
+ growstrtab(L, tb);
+ list = &tb->hash[lmod(h, tb->size)]; /* rehash with new size */
+ }
+ ts = createstrobj(L, l, LUA_VSHRSTR, h);
+ memcpy(getstr(ts), str, l * sizeof(char));
+ ts->shrlen = cast_byte(l);
+ ts->u.hnext = *list;
+ *list = ts;
+ tb->nuse++;
+ return ts;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** new string (with explicit length)
+*/
+TString *luaS_newlstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l) {
+ if (l <= LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN) /* short string? */
+ return internshrstr(L, str, l);
+ else {
+ TString *ts;
+ if (l_unlikely(l >= (MAX_SIZE - sizeof(TString))/sizeof(char)))
+ luaM_toobig(L);
+ ts = luaS_createlngstrobj(L, l);
+ memcpy(getstr(ts), str, l * sizeof(char));
+ return ts;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Create or reuse a zero-terminated string, first checking in the
+** cache (using the string address as a key). The cache can contain
+** only zero-terminated strings, so it is safe to use 'strcmp' to
+** check hits.
+*/
+TString *luaS_new (lua_State *L, const char *str) {
+ unsigned int i = point2uint(str) % STRCACHE_N; /* hash */
+ int j;
+ TString **p = G(L)->strcache[i];
+ for (j = 0; j < STRCACHE_M; j++) {
+ if (strcmp(str, getstr(p[j])) == 0) /* hit? */
+ return p[j]; /* that is it */
+ }
+ /* normal route */
+ for (j = STRCACHE_M - 1; j > 0; j--)
+ p[j] = p[j - 1]; /* move out last element */
+ /* new element is first in the list */
+ p[0] = luaS_newlstr(L, str, strlen(str));
+ return p[0];
+}
+
+
+Udata *luaS_newudata (lua_State *L, size_t s, int nuvalue) {
+ Udata *u;
+ int i;
+ GCObject *o;
+ if (l_unlikely(s > MAX_SIZE - udatamemoffset(nuvalue)))
+ luaM_toobig(L);
+ o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VUSERDATA, sizeudata(nuvalue, s));
+ u = gco2u(o);
+ u->len = s;
+ u->nuvalue = nuvalue;
+ u->metatable = NULL;
+ for (i = 0; i < nuvalue; i++)
+ setnilvalue(&u->uv[i].uv);
+ return u;
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lstring.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lstring.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..450c239
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lstring.h
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lstring.h $
+** String table (keep all strings handled by Lua)
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef lstring_h
+#define lstring_h
+
+#include "lgc.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+
+
+/*
+** Memory-allocation error message must be preallocated (it cannot
+** be created after memory is exhausted)
+*/
+#define MEMERRMSG "not enough memory"
+
+
+/*
+** Size of a TString: Size of the header plus space for the string
+** itself (including final '\0').
+*/
+#define sizelstring(l) (offsetof(TString, contents) + ((l) + 1) * sizeof(char))
+
+#define luaS_newliteral(L, s) (luaS_newlstr(L, "" s, \
+ (sizeof(s)/sizeof(char))-1))
+
+
+/*
+** test whether a string is a reserved word
+*/
+#define isreserved(s) ((s)->tt == LUA_VSHRSTR && (s)->extra > 0)
+
+
+/*
+** equality for short strings, which are always internalized
+*/
+#define eqshrstr(a,b) check_exp((a)->tt == LUA_VSHRSTR, (a) == (b))
+
+
+LUAI_FUNC unsigned int luaS_hash (const char *str, size_t l, unsigned int seed);
+LUAI_FUNC unsigned int luaS_hashlongstr (TString *ts);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaS_eqlngstr (TString *a, TString *b);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaS_resize (lua_State *L, int newsize);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaS_clearcache (global_State *g);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaS_init (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaS_remove (lua_State *L, TString *ts);
+LUAI_FUNC Udata *luaS_newudata (lua_State *L, size_t s, int nuvalue);
+LUAI_FUNC TString *luaS_newlstr (lua_State *L, const char *str, size_t l);
+LUAI_FUNC TString *luaS_new (lua_State *L, const char *str);
+LUAI_FUNC TString *luaS_createlngstrobj (lua_State *L, size_t l);
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lstrlib.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lstrlib.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0316716
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lstrlib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1874 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lstrlib.c $
+** Standard library for string operations and pattern-matching
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lstrlib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lauxlib.h"
+#include "lualib.h"
+
+
+/*
+** maximum number of captures that a pattern can do during
+** pattern-matching. This limit is arbitrary, but must fit in
+** an unsigned char.
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_MAXCAPTURES)
+#define LUA_MAXCAPTURES 32
+#endif
+
+
+/* macro to 'unsign' a character */
+#define uchar(c) ((unsigned char)(c))
+
+
+/*
+** Some sizes are better limited to fit in 'int', but must also fit in
+** 'size_t'. (We assume that 'lua_Integer' cannot be smaller than 'int'.)
+*/
+#define MAX_SIZET ((size_t)(~(size_t)0))
+
+#define MAXSIZE \
+ (sizeof(size_t) < sizeof(int) ? MAX_SIZET : (size_t)(INT_MAX))
+
+
+
+
+static int str_len (lua_State *L) {
+ size_t l;
+ luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l);
+ lua_pushinteger(L, (lua_Integer)l);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** translate a relative initial string position
+** (negative means back from end): clip result to [1, inf).
+** The length of any string in Lua must fit in a lua_Integer,
+** so there are no overflows in the casts.
+** The inverted comparison avoids a possible overflow
+** computing '-pos'.
+*/
+static size_t posrelatI (lua_Integer pos, size_t len) {
+ if (pos > 0)
+ return (size_t)pos;
+ else if (pos == 0)
+ return 1;
+ else if (pos < -(lua_Integer)len) /* inverted comparison */
+ return 1; /* clip to 1 */
+ else return len + (size_t)pos + 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Gets an optional ending string position from argument 'arg',
+** with default value 'def'.
+** Negative means back from end: clip result to [0, len]
+*/
+static size_t getendpos (lua_State *L, int arg, lua_Integer def,
+ size_t len) {
+ lua_Integer pos = luaL_optinteger(L, arg, def);
+ if (pos > (lua_Integer)len)
+ return len;
+ else if (pos >= 0)
+ return (size_t)pos;
+ else if (pos < -(lua_Integer)len)
+ return 0;
+ else return len + (size_t)pos + 1;
+}
+
+
+static int str_sub (lua_State *L) {
+ size_t l;
+ const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l);
+ size_t start = posrelatI(luaL_checkinteger(L, 2), l);
+ size_t end = getendpos(L, 3, -1, l);
+ if (start <= end)
+ lua_pushlstring(L, s + start - 1, (end - start) + 1);
+ else lua_pushliteral(L, "");
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int str_reverse (lua_State *L) {
+ size_t l, i;
+ luaL_Buffer b;
+ const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l);
+ char *p = luaL_buffinitsize(L, &b, l);
+ for (i = 0; i < l; i++)
+ p[i] = s[l - i - 1];
+ luaL_pushresultsize(&b, l);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int str_lower (lua_State *L) {
+ size_t l;
+ size_t i;
+ luaL_Buffer b;
+ const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l);
+ char *p = luaL_buffinitsize(L, &b, l);
+ for (i=0; i MAXSIZE / n))
+ return luaL_error(L, "resulting string too large");
+ else {
+ size_t totallen = (size_t)n * l + (size_t)(n - 1) * lsep;
+ luaL_Buffer b;
+ char *p = luaL_buffinitsize(L, &b, totallen);
+ while (n-- > 1) { /* first n-1 copies (followed by separator) */
+ memcpy(p, s, l * sizeof(char)); p += l;
+ if (lsep > 0) { /* empty 'memcpy' is not that cheap */
+ memcpy(p, sep, lsep * sizeof(char));
+ p += lsep;
+ }
+ }
+ memcpy(p, s, l * sizeof(char)); /* last copy (not followed by separator) */
+ luaL_pushresultsize(&b, totallen);
+ }
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int str_byte (lua_State *L) {
+ size_t l;
+ const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &l);
+ lua_Integer pi = luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1);
+ size_t posi = posrelatI(pi, l);
+ size_t pose = getendpos(L, 3, pi, l);
+ int n, i;
+ if (posi > pose) return 0; /* empty interval; return no values */
+ if (l_unlikely(pose - posi >= (size_t)INT_MAX)) /* arithmetic overflow? */
+ return luaL_error(L, "string slice too long");
+ n = (int)(pose - posi) + 1;
+ luaL_checkstack(L, n, "string slice too long");
+ for (i=0; iinit) {
+ state->init = 1;
+ luaL_buffinit(L, &state->B);
+ }
+ luaL_addlstring(&state->B, (const char *)b, size);
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+static int str_dump (lua_State *L) {
+ struct str_Writer state;
+ int strip = lua_toboolean(L, 2);
+ luaL_checktype(L, 1, LUA_TFUNCTION);
+ lua_settop(L, 1); /* ensure function is on the top of the stack */
+ state.init = 0;
+ if (l_unlikely(lua_dump(L, writer, &state, strip) != 0))
+ return luaL_error(L, "unable to dump given function");
+ luaL_pushresult(&state.B);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** METAMETHODS
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+#if defined(LUA_NOCVTS2N) /* { */
+
+/* no coercion from strings to numbers */
+
+static const luaL_Reg stringmetamethods[] = {
+ {"__index", NULL}, /* placeholder */
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+#else /* }{ */
+
+static int tonum (lua_State *L, int arg) {
+ if (lua_type(L, arg) == LUA_TNUMBER) { /* already a number? */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, arg);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else { /* check whether it is a numerical string */
+ size_t len;
+ const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, arg, &len);
+ return (s != NULL && lua_stringtonumber(L, s) == len + 1);
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void trymt (lua_State *L, const char *mtname) {
+ lua_settop(L, 2); /* back to the original arguments */
+ if (l_unlikely(lua_type(L, 2) == LUA_TSTRING ||
+ !luaL_getmetafield(L, 2, mtname)))
+ luaL_error(L, "attempt to %s a '%s' with a '%s'", mtname + 2,
+ luaL_typename(L, -2), luaL_typename(L, -1));
+ lua_insert(L, -3); /* put metamethod before arguments */
+ lua_call(L, 2, 1); /* call metamethod */
+}
+
+
+static int arith (lua_State *L, int op, const char *mtname) {
+ if (tonum(L, 1) && tonum(L, 2))
+ lua_arith(L, op); /* result will be on the top */
+ else
+ trymt(L, mtname);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int arith_add (lua_State *L) {
+ return arith(L, LUA_OPADD, "__add");
+}
+
+static int arith_sub (lua_State *L) {
+ return arith(L, LUA_OPSUB, "__sub");
+}
+
+static int arith_mul (lua_State *L) {
+ return arith(L, LUA_OPMUL, "__mul");
+}
+
+static int arith_mod (lua_State *L) {
+ return arith(L, LUA_OPMOD, "__mod");
+}
+
+static int arith_pow (lua_State *L) {
+ return arith(L, LUA_OPPOW, "__pow");
+}
+
+static int arith_div (lua_State *L) {
+ return arith(L, LUA_OPDIV, "__div");
+}
+
+static int arith_idiv (lua_State *L) {
+ return arith(L, LUA_OPIDIV, "__idiv");
+}
+
+static int arith_unm (lua_State *L) {
+ return arith(L, LUA_OPUNM, "__unm");
+}
+
+
+static const luaL_Reg stringmetamethods[] = {
+ {"__add", arith_add},
+ {"__sub", arith_sub},
+ {"__mul", arith_mul},
+ {"__mod", arith_mod},
+ {"__pow", arith_pow},
+ {"__div", arith_div},
+ {"__idiv", arith_idiv},
+ {"__unm", arith_unm},
+ {"__index", NULL}, /* placeholder */
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** PATTERN MATCHING
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+
+#define CAP_UNFINISHED (-1)
+#define CAP_POSITION (-2)
+
+
+typedef struct MatchState {
+ const char *src_init; /* init of source string */
+ const char *src_end; /* end ('\0') of source string */
+ const char *p_end; /* end ('\0') of pattern */
+ lua_State *L;
+ int matchdepth; /* control for recursive depth (to avoid C stack overflow) */
+ unsigned char level; /* total number of captures (finished or unfinished) */
+ struct {
+ const char *init;
+ ptrdiff_t len;
+ } capture[LUA_MAXCAPTURES];
+} MatchState;
+
+
+/* recursive function */
+static const char *match (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p);
+
+
+/* maximum recursion depth for 'match' */
+#if !defined(MAXCCALLS)
+#define MAXCCALLS 200
+#endif
+
+
+#define L_ESC '%'
+#define SPECIALS "^$*+?.([%-"
+
+
+static int check_capture (MatchState *ms, int l) {
+ l -= '1';
+ if (l_unlikely(l < 0 || l >= ms->level ||
+ ms->capture[l].len == CAP_UNFINISHED))
+ return luaL_error(ms->L, "invalid capture index %%%d", l + 1);
+ return l;
+}
+
+
+static int capture_to_close (MatchState *ms) {
+ int level = ms->level;
+ for (level--; level>=0; level--)
+ if (ms->capture[level].len == CAP_UNFINISHED) return level;
+ return luaL_error(ms->L, "invalid pattern capture");
+}
+
+
+static const char *classend (MatchState *ms, const char *p) {
+ switch (*p++) {
+ case L_ESC: {
+ if (l_unlikely(p == ms->p_end))
+ luaL_error(ms->L, "malformed pattern (ends with '%%')");
+ return p+1;
+ }
+ case '[': {
+ if (*p == '^') p++;
+ do { /* look for a ']' */
+ if (l_unlikely(p == ms->p_end))
+ luaL_error(ms->L, "malformed pattern (missing ']')");
+ if (*(p++) == L_ESC && p < ms->p_end)
+ p++; /* skip escapes (e.g. '%]') */
+ } while (*p != ']');
+ return p+1;
+ }
+ default: {
+ return p;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int match_class (int c, int cl) {
+ int res;
+ switch (tolower(cl)) {
+ case 'a' : res = isalpha(c); break;
+ case 'c' : res = iscntrl(c); break;
+ case 'd' : res = isdigit(c); break;
+ case 'g' : res = isgraph(c); break;
+ case 'l' : res = islower(c); break;
+ case 'p' : res = ispunct(c); break;
+ case 's' : res = isspace(c); break;
+ case 'u' : res = isupper(c); break;
+ case 'w' : res = isalnum(c); break;
+ case 'x' : res = isxdigit(c); break;
+ case 'z' : res = (c == 0); break; /* deprecated option */
+ default: return (cl == c);
+ }
+ return (islower(cl) ? res : !res);
+}
+
+
+static int matchbracketclass (int c, const char *p, const char *ec) {
+ int sig = 1;
+ if (*(p+1) == '^') {
+ sig = 0;
+ p++; /* skip the '^' */
+ }
+ while (++p < ec) {
+ if (*p == L_ESC) {
+ p++;
+ if (match_class(c, uchar(*p)))
+ return sig;
+ }
+ else if ((*(p+1) == '-') && (p+2 < ec)) {
+ p+=2;
+ if (uchar(*(p-2)) <= c && c <= uchar(*p))
+ return sig;
+ }
+ else if (uchar(*p) == c) return sig;
+ }
+ return !sig;
+}
+
+
+static int singlematch (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p,
+ const char *ep) {
+ if (s >= ms->src_end)
+ return 0;
+ else {
+ int c = uchar(*s);
+ switch (*p) {
+ case '.': return 1; /* matches any char */
+ case L_ESC: return match_class(c, uchar(*(p+1)));
+ case '[': return matchbracketclass(c, p, ep-1);
+ default: return (uchar(*p) == c);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+static const char *matchbalance (MatchState *ms, const char *s,
+ const char *p) {
+ if (l_unlikely(p >= ms->p_end - 1))
+ luaL_error(ms->L, "malformed pattern (missing arguments to '%%b')");
+ if (*s != *p) return NULL;
+ else {
+ int b = *p;
+ int e = *(p+1);
+ int cont = 1;
+ while (++s < ms->src_end) {
+ if (*s == e) {
+ if (--cont == 0) return s+1;
+ }
+ else if (*s == b) cont++;
+ }
+ }
+ return NULL; /* string ends out of balance */
+}
+
+
+static const char *max_expand (MatchState *ms, const char *s,
+ const char *p, const char *ep) {
+ ptrdiff_t i = 0; /* counts maximum expand for item */
+ while (singlematch(ms, s + i, p, ep))
+ i++;
+ /* keeps trying to match with the maximum repetitions */
+ while (i>=0) {
+ const char *res = match(ms, (s+i), ep+1);
+ if (res) return res;
+ i--; /* else didn't match; reduce 1 repetition to try again */
+ }
+ return NULL;
+}
+
+
+static const char *min_expand (MatchState *ms, const char *s,
+ const char *p, const char *ep) {
+ for (;;) {
+ const char *res = match(ms, s, ep+1);
+ if (res != NULL)
+ return res;
+ else if (singlematch(ms, s, p, ep))
+ s++; /* try with one more repetition */
+ else return NULL;
+ }
+}
+
+
+static const char *start_capture (MatchState *ms, const char *s,
+ const char *p, int what) {
+ const char *res;
+ int level = ms->level;
+ if (level >= LUA_MAXCAPTURES) luaL_error(ms->L, "too many captures");
+ ms->capture[level].init = s;
+ ms->capture[level].len = what;
+ ms->level = level+1;
+ if ((res=match(ms, s, p)) == NULL) /* match failed? */
+ ms->level--; /* undo capture */
+ return res;
+}
+
+
+static const char *end_capture (MatchState *ms, const char *s,
+ const char *p) {
+ int l = capture_to_close(ms);
+ const char *res;
+ ms->capture[l].len = s - ms->capture[l].init; /* close capture */
+ if ((res = match(ms, s, p)) == NULL) /* match failed? */
+ ms->capture[l].len = CAP_UNFINISHED; /* undo capture */
+ return res;
+}
+
+
+static const char *match_capture (MatchState *ms, const char *s, int l) {
+ size_t len;
+ l = check_capture(ms, l);
+ len = ms->capture[l].len;
+ if ((size_t)(ms->src_end-s) >= len &&
+ memcmp(ms->capture[l].init, s, len) == 0)
+ return s+len;
+ else return NULL;
+}
+
+
+static const char *match (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *p) {
+ if (l_unlikely(ms->matchdepth-- == 0))
+ luaL_error(ms->L, "pattern too complex");
+ init: /* using goto to optimize tail recursion */
+ if (p != ms->p_end) { /* end of pattern? */
+ switch (*p) {
+ case '(': { /* start capture */
+ if (*(p + 1) == ')') /* position capture? */
+ s = start_capture(ms, s, p + 2, CAP_POSITION);
+ else
+ s = start_capture(ms, s, p + 1, CAP_UNFINISHED);
+ break;
+ }
+ case ')': { /* end capture */
+ s = end_capture(ms, s, p + 1);
+ break;
+ }
+ case '$': {
+ if ((p + 1) != ms->p_end) /* is the '$' the last char in pattern? */
+ goto dflt; /* no; go to default */
+ s = (s == ms->src_end) ? s : NULL; /* check end of string */
+ break;
+ }
+ case L_ESC: { /* escaped sequences not in the format class[*+?-]? */
+ switch (*(p + 1)) {
+ case 'b': { /* balanced string? */
+ s = matchbalance(ms, s, p + 2);
+ if (s != NULL) {
+ p += 4; goto init; /* return match(ms, s, p + 4); */
+ } /* else fail (s == NULL) */
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'f': { /* frontier? */
+ const char *ep; char previous;
+ p += 2;
+ if (l_unlikely(*p != '['))
+ luaL_error(ms->L, "missing '[' after '%%f' in pattern");
+ ep = classend(ms, p); /* points to what is next */
+ previous = (s == ms->src_init) ? '\0' : *(s - 1);
+ if (!matchbracketclass(uchar(previous), p, ep - 1) &&
+ matchbracketclass(uchar(*s), p, ep - 1)) {
+ p = ep; goto init; /* return match(ms, s, ep); */
+ }
+ s = NULL; /* match failed */
+ break;
+ }
+ case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3':
+ case '4': case '5': case '6': case '7':
+ case '8': case '9': { /* capture results (%0-%9)? */
+ s = match_capture(ms, s, uchar(*(p + 1)));
+ if (s != NULL) {
+ p += 2; goto init; /* return match(ms, s, p + 2) */
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ default: goto dflt;
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ default: dflt: { /* pattern class plus optional suffix */
+ const char *ep = classend(ms, p); /* points to optional suffix */
+ /* does not match at least once? */
+ if (!singlematch(ms, s, p, ep)) {
+ if (*ep == '*' || *ep == '?' || *ep == '-') { /* accept empty? */
+ p = ep + 1; goto init; /* return match(ms, s, ep + 1); */
+ }
+ else /* '+' or no suffix */
+ s = NULL; /* fail */
+ }
+ else { /* matched once */
+ switch (*ep) { /* handle optional suffix */
+ case '?': { /* optional */
+ const char *res;
+ if ((res = match(ms, s + 1, ep + 1)) != NULL)
+ s = res;
+ else {
+ p = ep + 1; goto init; /* else return match(ms, s, ep + 1); */
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ case '+': /* 1 or more repetitions */
+ s++; /* 1 match already done */
+ /* FALLTHROUGH */
+ case '*': /* 0 or more repetitions */
+ s = max_expand(ms, s, p, ep);
+ break;
+ case '-': /* 0 or more repetitions (minimum) */
+ s = min_expand(ms, s, p, ep);
+ break;
+ default: /* no suffix */
+ s++; p = ep; goto init; /* return match(ms, s + 1, ep); */
+ }
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ ms->matchdepth++;
+ return s;
+}
+
+
+
+static const char *lmemfind (const char *s1, size_t l1,
+ const char *s2, size_t l2) {
+ if (l2 == 0) return s1; /* empty strings are everywhere */
+ else if (l2 > l1) return NULL; /* avoids a negative 'l1' */
+ else {
+ const char *init; /* to search for a '*s2' inside 's1' */
+ l2--; /* 1st char will be checked by 'memchr' */
+ l1 = l1-l2; /* 's2' cannot be found after that */
+ while (l1 > 0 && (init = (const char *)memchr(s1, *s2, l1)) != NULL) {
+ init++; /* 1st char is already checked */
+ if (memcmp(init, s2+1, l2) == 0)
+ return init-1;
+ else { /* correct 'l1' and 's1' to try again */
+ l1 -= init-s1;
+ s1 = init;
+ }
+ }
+ return NULL; /* not found */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** get information about the i-th capture. If there are no captures
+** and 'i==0', return information about the whole match, which
+** is the range 's'..'e'. If the capture is a string, return
+** its length and put its address in '*cap'. If it is an integer
+** (a position), push it on the stack and return CAP_POSITION.
+*/
+static size_t get_onecapture (MatchState *ms, int i, const char *s,
+ const char *e, const char **cap) {
+ if (i >= ms->level) {
+ if (l_unlikely(i != 0))
+ luaL_error(ms->L, "invalid capture index %%%d", i + 1);
+ *cap = s;
+ return e - s;
+ }
+ else {
+ ptrdiff_t capl = ms->capture[i].len;
+ *cap = ms->capture[i].init;
+ if (l_unlikely(capl == CAP_UNFINISHED))
+ luaL_error(ms->L, "unfinished capture");
+ else if (capl == CAP_POSITION)
+ lua_pushinteger(ms->L, (ms->capture[i].init - ms->src_init) + 1);
+ return capl;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Push the i-th capture on the stack.
+*/
+static void push_onecapture (MatchState *ms, int i, const char *s,
+ const char *e) {
+ const char *cap;
+ ptrdiff_t l = get_onecapture(ms, i, s, e, &cap);
+ if (l != CAP_POSITION)
+ lua_pushlstring(ms->L, cap, l);
+ /* else position was already pushed */
+}
+
+
+static int push_captures (MatchState *ms, const char *s, const char *e) {
+ int i;
+ int nlevels = (ms->level == 0 && s) ? 1 : ms->level;
+ luaL_checkstack(ms->L, nlevels, "too many captures");
+ for (i = 0; i < nlevels; i++)
+ push_onecapture(ms, i, s, e);
+ return nlevels; /* number of strings pushed */
+}
+
+
+/* check whether pattern has no special characters */
+static int nospecials (const char *p, size_t l) {
+ size_t upto = 0;
+ do {
+ if (strpbrk(p + upto, SPECIALS))
+ return 0; /* pattern has a special character */
+ upto += strlen(p + upto) + 1; /* may have more after \0 */
+ } while (upto <= l);
+ return 1; /* no special chars found */
+}
+
+
+static void prepstate (MatchState *ms, lua_State *L,
+ const char *s, size_t ls, const char *p, size_t lp) {
+ ms->L = L;
+ ms->matchdepth = MAXCCALLS;
+ ms->src_init = s;
+ ms->src_end = s + ls;
+ ms->p_end = p + lp;
+}
+
+
+static void reprepstate (MatchState *ms) {
+ ms->level = 0;
+ lua_assert(ms->matchdepth == MAXCCALLS);
+}
+
+
+static int str_find_aux (lua_State *L, int find) {
+ size_t ls, lp;
+ const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &ls);
+ const char *p = luaL_checklstring(L, 2, &lp);
+ size_t init = posrelatI(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 1), ls) - 1;
+ if (init > ls) { /* start after string's end? */
+ luaL_pushfail(L); /* cannot find anything */
+ return 1;
+ }
+ /* explicit request or no special characters? */
+ if (find && (lua_toboolean(L, 4) || nospecials(p, lp))) {
+ /* do a plain search */
+ const char *s2 = lmemfind(s + init, ls - init, p, lp);
+ if (s2) {
+ lua_pushinteger(L, (s2 - s) + 1);
+ lua_pushinteger(L, (s2 - s) + lp);
+ return 2;
+ }
+ }
+ else {
+ MatchState ms;
+ const char *s1 = s + init;
+ int anchor = (*p == '^');
+ if (anchor) {
+ p++; lp--; /* skip anchor character */
+ }
+ prepstate(&ms, L, s, ls, p, lp);
+ do {
+ const char *res;
+ reprepstate(&ms);
+ if ((res=match(&ms, s1, p)) != NULL) {
+ if (find) {
+ lua_pushinteger(L, (s1 - s) + 1); /* start */
+ lua_pushinteger(L, res - s); /* end */
+ return push_captures(&ms, NULL, 0) + 2;
+ }
+ else
+ return push_captures(&ms, s1, res);
+ }
+ } while (s1++ < ms.src_end && !anchor);
+ }
+ luaL_pushfail(L); /* not found */
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int str_find (lua_State *L) {
+ return str_find_aux(L, 1);
+}
+
+
+static int str_match (lua_State *L) {
+ return str_find_aux(L, 0);
+}
+
+
+/* state for 'gmatch' */
+typedef struct GMatchState {
+ const char *src; /* current position */
+ const char *p; /* pattern */
+ const char *lastmatch; /* end of last match */
+ MatchState ms; /* match state */
+} GMatchState;
+
+
+static int gmatch_aux (lua_State *L) {
+ GMatchState *gm = (GMatchState *)lua_touserdata(L, lua_upvalueindex(3));
+ const char *src;
+ gm->ms.L = L;
+ for (src = gm->src; src <= gm->ms.src_end; src++) {
+ const char *e;
+ reprepstate(&gm->ms);
+ if ((e = match(&gm->ms, src, gm->p)) != NULL && e != gm->lastmatch) {
+ gm->src = gm->lastmatch = e;
+ return push_captures(&gm->ms, src, e);
+ }
+ }
+ return 0; /* not found */
+}
+
+
+static int gmatch (lua_State *L) {
+ size_t ls, lp;
+ const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &ls);
+ const char *p = luaL_checklstring(L, 2, &lp);
+ size_t init = posrelatI(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 1), ls) - 1;
+ GMatchState *gm;
+ lua_settop(L, 2); /* keep strings on closure to avoid being collected */
+ gm = (GMatchState *)lua_newuserdatauv(L, sizeof(GMatchState), 0);
+ if (init > ls) /* start after string's end? */
+ init = ls + 1; /* avoid overflows in 's + init' */
+ prepstate(&gm->ms, L, s, ls, p, lp);
+ gm->src = s + init; gm->p = p; gm->lastmatch = NULL;
+ lua_pushcclosure(L, gmatch_aux, 3);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static void add_s (MatchState *ms, luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s,
+ const char *e) {
+ size_t l;
+ lua_State *L = ms->L;
+ const char *news = lua_tolstring(L, 3, &l);
+ const char *p;
+ while ((p = (char *)memchr(news, L_ESC, l)) != NULL) {
+ luaL_addlstring(b, news, p - news);
+ p++; /* skip ESC */
+ if (*p == L_ESC) /* '%%' */
+ luaL_addchar(b, *p);
+ else if (*p == '0') /* '%0' */
+ luaL_addlstring(b, s, e - s);
+ else if (isdigit(uchar(*p))) { /* '%n' */
+ const char *cap;
+ ptrdiff_t resl = get_onecapture(ms, *p - '1', s, e, &cap);
+ if (resl == CAP_POSITION)
+ luaL_addvalue(b); /* add position to accumulated result */
+ else
+ luaL_addlstring(b, cap, resl);
+ }
+ else
+ luaL_error(L, "invalid use of '%c' in replacement string", L_ESC);
+ l -= p + 1 - news;
+ news = p + 1;
+ }
+ luaL_addlstring(b, news, l);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Add the replacement value to the string buffer 'b'.
+** Return true if the original string was changed. (Function calls and
+** table indexing resulting in nil or false do not change the subject.)
+*/
+static int add_value (MatchState *ms, luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s,
+ const char *e, int tr) {
+ lua_State *L = ms->L;
+ switch (tr) {
+ case LUA_TFUNCTION: { /* call the function */
+ int n;
+ lua_pushvalue(L, 3); /* push the function */
+ n = push_captures(ms, s, e); /* all captures as arguments */
+ lua_call(L, n, 1); /* call it */
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_TTABLE: { /* index the table */
+ push_onecapture(ms, 0, s, e); /* first capture is the index */
+ lua_gettable(L, 3);
+ break;
+ }
+ default: { /* LUA_TNUMBER or LUA_TSTRING */
+ add_s(ms, b, s, e); /* add value to the buffer */
+ return 1; /* something changed */
+ }
+ }
+ if (!lua_toboolean(L, -1)) { /* nil or false? */
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove value */
+ luaL_addlstring(b, s, e - s); /* keep original text */
+ return 0; /* no changes */
+ }
+ else if (l_unlikely(!lua_isstring(L, -1)))
+ return luaL_error(L, "invalid replacement value (a %s)",
+ luaL_typename(L, -1));
+ else {
+ luaL_addvalue(b); /* add result to accumulator */
+ return 1; /* something changed */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int str_gsub (lua_State *L) {
+ size_t srcl, lp;
+ const char *src = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &srcl); /* subject */
+ const char *p = luaL_checklstring(L, 2, &lp); /* pattern */
+ const char *lastmatch = NULL; /* end of last match */
+ int tr = lua_type(L, 3); /* replacement type */
+ lua_Integer max_s = luaL_optinteger(L, 4, srcl + 1); /* max replacements */
+ int anchor = (*p == '^');
+ lua_Integer n = 0; /* replacement count */
+ int changed = 0; /* change flag */
+ MatchState ms;
+ luaL_Buffer b;
+ luaL_argexpected(L, tr == LUA_TNUMBER || tr == LUA_TSTRING ||
+ tr == LUA_TFUNCTION || tr == LUA_TTABLE, 3,
+ "string/function/table");
+ luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
+ if (anchor) {
+ p++; lp--; /* skip anchor character */
+ }
+ prepstate(&ms, L, src, srcl, p, lp);
+ while (n < max_s) {
+ const char *e;
+ reprepstate(&ms); /* (re)prepare state for new match */
+ if ((e = match(&ms, src, p)) != NULL && e != lastmatch) { /* match? */
+ n++;
+ changed = add_value(&ms, &b, src, e, tr) | changed;
+ src = lastmatch = e;
+ }
+ else if (src < ms.src_end) /* otherwise, skip one character */
+ luaL_addchar(&b, *src++);
+ else break; /* end of subject */
+ if (anchor) break;
+ }
+ if (!changed) /* no changes? */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, 1); /* return original string */
+ else { /* something changed */
+ luaL_addlstring(&b, src, ms.src_end-src);
+ luaL_pushresult(&b); /* create and return new string */
+ }
+ lua_pushinteger(L, n); /* number of substitutions */
+ return 2;
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** STRING FORMAT
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+#if !defined(lua_number2strx) /* { */
+
+/*
+** Hexadecimal floating-point formatter
+*/
+
+#define SIZELENMOD (sizeof(LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN)/sizeof(char))
+
+
+/*
+** Number of bits that goes into the first digit. It can be any value
+** between 1 and 4; the following definition tries to align the number
+** to nibble boundaries by making what is left after that first digit a
+** multiple of 4.
+*/
+#define L_NBFD ((l_floatatt(MANT_DIG) - 1)%4 + 1)
+
+
+/*
+** Add integer part of 'x' to buffer and return new 'x'
+*/
+static lua_Number adddigit (char *buff, int n, lua_Number x) {
+ lua_Number dd = l_mathop(floor)(x); /* get integer part from 'x' */
+ int d = (int)dd;
+ buff[n] = (d < 10 ? d + '0' : d - 10 + 'a'); /* add to buffer */
+ return x - dd; /* return what is left */
+}
+
+
+static int num2straux (char *buff, int sz, lua_Number x) {
+ /* if 'inf' or 'NaN', format it like '%g' */
+ if (x != x || x == (lua_Number)HUGE_VAL || x == -(lua_Number)HUGE_VAL)
+ return l_sprintf(buff, sz, LUA_NUMBER_FMT, (LUAI_UACNUMBER)x);
+ else if (x == 0) { /* can be -0... */
+ /* create "0" or "-0" followed by exponent */
+ return l_sprintf(buff, sz, LUA_NUMBER_FMT "x0p+0", (LUAI_UACNUMBER)x);
+ }
+ else {
+ int e;
+ lua_Number m = l_mathop(frexp)(x, &e); /* 'x' fraction and exponent */
+ int n = 0; /* character count */
+ if (m < 0) { /* is number negative? */
+ buff[n++] = '-'; /* add sign */
+ m = -m; /* make it positive */
+ }
+ buff[n++] = '0'; buff[n++] = 'x'; /* add "0x" */
+ m = adddigit(buff, n++, m * (1 << L_NBFD)); /* add first digit */
+ e -= L_NBFD; /* this digit goes before the radix point */
+ if (m > 0) { /* more digits? */
+ buff[n++] = lua_getlocaledecpoint(); /* add radix point */
+ do { /* add as many digits as needed */
+ m = adddigit(buff, n++, m * 16);
+ } while (m > 0);
+ }
+ n += l_sprintf(buff + n, sz - n, "p%+d", e); /* add exponent */
+ lua_assert(n < sz);
+ return n;
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int lua_number2strx (lua_State *L, char *buff, int sz,
+ const char *fmt, lua_Number x) {
+ int n = num2straux(buff, sz, x);
+ if (fmt[SIZELENMOD] == 'A') {
+ int i;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+ buff[i] = toupper(uchar(buff[i]));
+ }
+ else if (l_unlikely(fmt[SIZELENMOD] != 'a'))
+ return luaL_error(L, "modifiers for format '%%a'/'%%A' not implemented");
+ return n;
+}
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+/*
+** Maximum size for items formatted with '%f'. This size is produced
+** by format('%.99f', -maxfloat), and is equal to 99 + 3 ('-', '.',
+** and '\0') + number of decimal digits to represent maxfloat (which
+** is maximum exponent + 1). (99+3+1, adding some extra, 110)
+*/
+#define MAX_ITEMF (110 + l_floatatt(MAX_10_EXP))
+
+
+/*
+** All formats except '%f' do not need that large limit. The other
+** float formats use exponents, so that they fit in the 99 limit for
+** significant digits; 's' for large strings and 'q' add items directly
+** to the buffer; all integer formats also fit in the 99 limit. The
+** worst case are floats: they may need 99 significant digits, plus
+** '0x', '-', '.', 'e+XXXX', and '\0'. Adding some extra, 120.
+*/
+#define MAX_ITEM 120
+
+
+/* valid flags in a format specification */
+#if !defined(L_FMTFLAGSF)
+
+/* valid flags for a, A, e, E, f, F, g, and G conversions */
+#define L_FMTFLAGSF "-+#0 "
+
+/* valid flags for o, x, and X conversions */
+#define L_FMTFLAGSX "-#0"
+
+/* valid flags for d and i conversions */
+#define L_FMTFLAGSI "-+0 "
+
+/* valid flags for u conversions */
+#define L_FMTFLAGSU "-0"
+
+/* valid flags for c, p, and s conversions */
+#define L_FMTFLAGSC "-"
+
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** Maximum size of each format specification (such as "%-099.99d"):
+** Initial '%', flags (up to 5), width (2), period, precision (2),
+** length modifier (8), conversion specifier, and final '\0', plus some
+** extra.
+*/
+#define MAX_FORMAT 32
+
+
+static void addquoted (luaL_Buffer *b, const char *s, size_t len) {
+ luaL_addchar(b, '"');
+ while (len--) {
+ if (*s == '"' || *s == '\\' || *s == '\n') {
+ luaL_addchar(b, '\\');
+ luaL_addchar(b, *s);
+ }
+ else if (iscntrl(uchar(*s))) {
+ char buff[10];
+ if (!isdigit(uchar(*(s+1))))
+ l_sprintf(buff, sizeof(buff), "\\%d", (int)uchar(*s));
+ else
+ l_sprintf(buff, sizeof(buff), "\\%03d", (int)uchar(*s));
+ luaL_addstring(b, buff);
+ }
+ else
+ luaL_addchar(b, *s);
+ s++;
+ }
+ luaL_addchar(b, '"');
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Serialize a floating-point number in such a way that it can be
+** scanned back by Lua. Use hexadecimal format for "common" numbers
+** (to preserve precision); inf, -inf, and NaN are handled separately.
+** (NaN cannot be expressed as a numeral, so we write '(0/0)' for it.)
+*/
+static int quotefloat (lua_State *L, char *buff, lua_Number n) {
+ const char *s; /* for the fixed representations */
+ if (n == (lua_Number)HUGE_VAL) /* inf? */
+ s = "1e9999";
+ else if (n == -(lua_Number)HUGE_VAL) /* -inf? */
+ s = "-1e9999";
+ else if (n != n) /* NaN? */
+ s = "(0/0)";
+ else { /* format number as hexadecimal */
+ int nb = lua_number2strx(L, buff, MAX_ITEM,
+ "%" LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN "a", n);
+ /* ensures that 'buff' string uses a dot as the radix character */
+ if (memchr(buff, '.', nb) == NULL) { /* no dot? */
+ char point = lua_getlocaledecpoint(); /* try locale point */
+ char *ppoint = (char *)memchr(buff, point, nb);
+ if (ppoint) *ppoint = '.'; /* change it to a dot */
+ }
+ return nb;
+ }
+ /* for the fixed representations */
+ return l_sprintf(buff, MAX_ITEM, "%s", s);
+}
+
+
+static void addliteral (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *b, int arg) {
+ switch (lua_type(L, arg)) {
+ case LUA_TSTRING: {
+ size_t len;
+ const char *s = lua_tolstring(L, arg, &len);
+ addquoted(b, s, len);
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_TNUMBER: {
+ char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(b, MAX_ITEM);
+ int nb;
+ if (!lua_isinteger(L, arg)) /* float? */
+ nb = quotefloat(L, buff, lua_tonumber(L, arg));
+ else { /* integers */
+ lua_Integer n = lua_tointeger(L, arg);
+ const char *format = (n == LUA_MININTEGER) /* corner case? */
+ ? "0x%" LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN "x" /* use hex */
+ : LUA_INTEGER_FMT; /* else use default format */
+ nb = l_sprintf(buff, MAX_ITEM, format, (LUAI_UACINT)n);
+ }
+ luaL_addsize(b, nb);
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_TNIL: case LUA_TBOOLEAN: {
+ luaL_tolstring(L, arg, NULL);
+ luaL_addvalue(b);
+ break;
+ }
+ default: {
+ luaL_argerror(L, arg, "value has no literal form");
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+static const char *get2digits (const char *s) {
+ if (isdigit(uchar(*s))) {
+ s++;
+ if (isdigit(uchar(*s))) s++; /* (2 digits at most) */
+ }
+ return s;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether a conversion specification is valid. When called,
+** first character in 'form' must be '%' and last character must
+** be a valid conversion specifier. 'flags' are the accepted flags;
+** 'precision' signals whether to accept a precision.
+*/
+static void checkformat (lua_State *L, const char *form, const char *flags,
+ int precision) {
+ const char *spec = form + 1; /* skip '%' */
+ spec += strspn(spec, flags); /* skip flags */
+ if (*spec != '0') { /* a width cannot start with '0' */
+ spec = get2digits(spec); /* skip width */
+ if (*spec == '.' && precision) {
+ spec++;
+ spec = get2digits(spec); /* skip precision */
+ }
+ }
+ if (!isalpha(uchar(*spec))) /* did not go to the end? */
+ luaL_error(L, "invalid conversion specification: '%s'", form);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Get a conversion specification and copy it to 'form'.
+** Return the address of its last character.
+*/
+static const char *getformat (lua_State *L, const char *strfrmt,
+ char *form) {
+ /* spans flags, width, and precision ('0' is included as a flag) */
+ size_t len = strspn(strfrmt, L_FMTFLAGSF "123456789.");
+ len++; /* adds following character (should be the specifier) */
+ /* still needs space for '%', '\0', plus a length modifier */
+ if (len >= MAX_FORMAT - 10)
+ luaL_error(L, "invalid format (too long)");
+ *(form++) = '%';
+ memcpy(form, strfrmt, len * sizeof(char));
+ *(form + len) = '\0';
+ return strfrmt + len - 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** add length modifier into formats
+*/
+static void addlenmod (char *form, const char *lenmod) {
+ size_t l = strlen(form);
+ size_t lm = strlen(lenmod);
+ char spec = form[l - 1];
+ strcpy(form + l - 1, lenmod);
+ form[l + lm - 1] = spec;
+ form[l + lm] = '\0';
+}
+
+
+static int str_format (lua_State *L) {
+ int top = lua_gettop(L);
+ int arg = 1;
+ size_t sfl;
+ const char *strfrmt = luaL_checklstring(L, arg, &sfl);
+ const char *strfrmt_end = strfrmt+sfl;
+ const char *flags;
+ luaL_Buffer b;
+ luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
+ while (strfrmt < strfrmt_end) {
+ if (*strfrmt != L_ESC)
+ luaL_addchar(&b, *strfrmt++);
+ else if (*++strfrmt == L_ESC)
+ luaL_addchar(&b, *strfrmt++); /* %% */
+ else { /* format item */
+ char form[MAX_FORMAT]; /* to store the format ('%...') */
+ int maxitem = MAX_ITEM; /* maximum length for the result */
+ char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, maxitem); /* to put result */
+ int nb = 0; /* number of bytes in result */
+ if (++arg > top)
+ return luaL_argerror(L, arg, "no value");
+ strfrmt = getformat(L, strfrmt, form);
+ switch (*strfrmt++) {
+ case 'c': {
+ checkformat(L, form, L_FMTFLAGSC, 0);
+ nb = l_sprintf(buff, maxitem, form, (int)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg));
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'd': case 'i':
+ flags = L_FMTFLAGSI;
+ goto intcase;
+ case 'u':
+ flags = L_FMTFLAGSU;
+ goto intcase;
+ case 'o': case 'x': case 'X':
+ flags = L_FMTFLAGSX;
+ intcase: {
+ lua_Integer n = luaL_checkinteger(L, arg);
+ checkformat(L, form, flags, 1);
+ addlenmod(form, LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN);
+ nb = l_sprintf(buff, maxitem, form, (LUAI_UACINT)n);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'a': case 'A':
+ checkformat(L, form, L_FMTFLAGSF, 1);
+ addlenmod(form, LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN);
+ nb = lua_number2strx(L, buff, maxitem, form,
+ luaL_checknumber(L, arg));
+ break;
+ case 'f':
+ maxitem = MAX_ITEMF; /* extra space for '%f' */
+ buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, maxitem);
+ /* FALLTHROUGH */
+ case 'e': case 'E': case 'g': case 'G': {
+ lua_Number n = luaL_checknumber(L, arg);
+ checkformat(L, form, L_FMTFLAGSF, 1);
+ addlenmod(form, LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN);
+ nb = l_sprintf(buff, maxitem, form, (LUAI_UACNUMBER)n);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'p': {
+ const void *p = lua_topointer(L, arg);
+ checkformat(L, form, L_FMTFLAGSC, 0);
+ if (p == NULL) { /* avoid calling 'printf' with argument NULL */
+ p = "(null)"; /* result */
+ form[strlen(form) - 1] = 's'; /* format it as a string */
+ }
+ nb = l_sprintf(buff, maxitem, form, p);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'q': {
+ if (form[2] != '\0') /* modifiers? */
+ return luaL_error(L, "specifier '%%q' cannot have modifiers");
+ addliteral(L, &b, arg);
+ break;
+ }
+ case 's': {
+ size_t l;
+ const char *s = luaL_tolstring(L, arg, &l);
+ if (form[2] == '\0') /* no modifiers? */
+ luaL_addvalue(&b); /* keep entire string */
+ else {
+ luaL_argcheck(L, l == strlen(s), arg, "string contains zeros");
+ checkformat(L, form, L_FMTFLAGSC, 1);
+ if (strchr(form, '.') == NULL && l >= 100) {
+ /* no precision and string is too long to be formatted */
+ luaL_addvalue(&b); /* keep entire string */
+ }
+ else { /* format the string into 'buff' */
+ nb = l_sprintf(buff, maxitem, form, s);
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove result from 'luaL_tolstring' */
+ }
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ default: { /* also treat cases 'pnLlh' */
+ return luaL_error(L, "invalid conversion '%s' to 'format'", form);
+ }
+ }
+ lua_assert(nb < maxitem);
+ luaL_addsize(&b, nb);
+ }
+ }
+ luaL_pushresult(&b);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** PACK/UNPACK
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+
+/* value used for padding */
+#if !defined(LUAL_PACKPADBYTE)
+#define LUAL_PACKPADBYTE 0x00
+#endif
+
+/* maximum size for the binary representation of an integer */
+#define MAXINTSIZE 16
+
+/* number of bits in a character */
+#define NB CHAR_BIT
+
+/* mask for one character (NB 1's) */
+#define MC ((1 << NB) - 1)
+
+/* size of a lua_Integer */
+#define SZINT ((int)sizeof(lua_Integer))
+
+
+/* dummy union to get native endianness */
+static const union {
+ int dummy;
+ char little; /* true iff machine is little endian */
+} nativeendian = {1};
+
+
+/*
+** information to pack/unpack stuff
+*/
+typedef struct Header {
+ lua_State *L;
+ int islittle;
+ int maxalign;
+} Header;
+
+
+/*
+** options for pack/unpack
+*/
+typedef enum KOption {
+ Kint, /* signed integers */
+ Kuint, /* unsigned integers */
+ Kfloat, /* single-precision floating-point numbers */
+ Knumber, /* Lua "native" floating-point numbers */
+ Kdouble, /* double-precision floating-point numbers */
+ Kchar, /* fixed-length strings */
+ Kstring, /* strings with prefixed length */
+ Kzstr, /* zero-terminated strings */
+ Kpadding, /* padding */
+ Kpaddalign, /* padding for alignment */
+ Knop /* no-op (configuration or spaces) */
+} KOption;
+
+
+/*
+** Read an integer numeral from string 'fmt' or return 'df' if
+** there is no numeral
+*/
+static int digit (int c) { return '0' <= c && c <= '9'; }
+
+static int getnum (const char **fmt, int df) {
+ if (!digit(**fmt)) /* no number? */
+ return df; /* return default value */
+ else {
+ int a = 0;
+ do {
+ a = a*10 + (*((*fmt)++) - '0');
+ } while (digit(**fmt) && a <= ((int)MAXSIZE - 9)/10);
+ return a;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Read an integer numeral and raises an error if it is larger
+** than the maximum size for integers.
+*/
+static int getnumlimit (Header *h, const char **fmt, int df) {
+ int sz = getnum(fmt, df);
+ if (l_unlikely(sz > MAXINTSIZE || sz <= 0))
+ return luaL_error(h->L, "integral size (%d) out of limits [1,%d]",
+ sz, MAXINTSIZE);
+ return sz;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Initialize Header
+*/
+static void initheader (lua_State *L, Header *h) {
+ h->L = L;
+ h->islittle = nativeendian.little;
+ h->maxalign = 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Read and classify next option. 'size' is filled with option's size.
+*/
+static KOption getoption (Header *h, const char **fmt, int *size) {
+ /* dummy structure to get native alignment requirements */
+ struct cD { char c; union { LUAI_MAXALIGN; } u; };
+ int opt = *((*fmt)++);
+ *size = 0; /* default */
+ switch (opt) {
+ case 'b': *size = sizeof(char); return Kint;
+ case 'B': *size = sizeof(char); return Kuint;
+ case 'h': *size = sizeof(short); return Kint;
+ case 'H': *size = sizeof(short); return Kuint;
+ case 'l': *size = sizeof(long); return Kint;
+ case 'L': *size = sizeof(long); return Kuint;
+ case 'j': *size = sizeof(lua_Integer); return Kint;
+ case 'J': *size = sizeof(lua_Integer); return Kuint;
+ case 'T': *size = sizeof(size_t); return Kuint;
+ case 'f': *size = sizeof(float); return Kfloat;
+ case 'n': *size = sizeof(lua_Number); return Knumber;
+ case 'd': *size = sizeof(double); return Kdouble;
+ case 'i': *size = getnumlimit(h, fmt, sizeof(int)); return Kint;
+ case 'I': *size = getnumlimit(h, fmt, sizeof(int)); return Kuint;
+ case 's': *size = getnumlimit(h, fmt, sizeof(size_t)); return Kstring;
+ case 'c':
+ *size = getnum(fmt, -1);
+ if (l_unlikely(*size == -1))
+ luaL_error(h->L, "missing size for format option 'c'");
+ return Kchar;
+ case 'z': return Kzstr;
+ case 'x': *size = 1; return Kpadding;
+ case 'X': return Kpaddalign;
+ case ' ': break;
+ case '<': h->islittle = 1; break;
+ case '>': h->islittle = 0; break;
+ case '=': h->islittle = nativeendian.little; break;
+ case '!': {
+ const int maxalign = offsetof(struct cD, u);
+ h->maxalign = getnumlimit(h, fmt, maxalign);
+ break;
+ }
+ default: luaL_error(h->L, "invalid format option '%c'", opt);
+ }
+ return Knop;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Read, classify, and fill other details about the next option.
+** 'psize' is filled with option's size, 'notoalign' with its
+** alignment requirements.
+** Local variable 'size' gets the size to be aligned. (Kpadal option
+** always gets its full alignment, other options are limited by
+** the maximum alignment ('maxalign'). Kchar option needs no alignment
+** despite its size.
+*/
+static KOption getdetails (Header *h, size_t totalsize,
+ const char **fmt, int *psize, int *ntoalign) {
+ KOption opt = getoption(h, fmt, psize);
+ int align = *psize; /* usually, alignment follows size */
+ if (opt == Kpaddalign) { /* 'X' gets alignment from following option */
+ if (**fmt == '\0' || getoption(h, fmt, &align) == Kchar || align == 0)
+ luaL_argerror(h->L, 1, "invalid next option for option 'X'");
+ }
+ if (align <= 1 || opt == Kchar) /* need no alignment? */
+ *ntoalign = 0;
+ else {
+ if (align > h->maxalign) /* enforce maximum alignment */
+ align = h->maxalign;
+ if (l_unlikely((align & (align - 1)) != 0)) /* not a power of 2? */
+ luaL_argerror(h->L, 1, "format asks for alignment not power of 2");
+ *ntoalign = (align - (int)(totalsize & (align - 1))) & (align - 1);
+ }
+ return opt;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Pack integer 'n' with 'size' bytes and 'islittle' endianness.
+** The final 'if' handles the case when 'size' is larger than
+** the size of a Lua integer, correcting the extra sign-extension
+** bytes if necessary (by default they would be zeros).
+*/
+static void packint (luaL_Buffer *b, lua_Unsigned n,
+ int islittle, int size, int neg) {
+ char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(b, size);
+ int i;
+ buff[islittle ? 0 : size - 1] = (char)(n & MC); /* first byte */
+ for (i = 1; i < size; i++) {
+ n >>= NB;
+ buff[islittle ? i : size - 1 - i] = (char)(n & MC);
+ }
+ if (neg && size > SZINT) { /* negative number need sign extension? */
+ for (i = SZINT; i < size; i++) /* correct extra bytes */
+ buff[islittle ? i : size - 1 - i] = (char)MC;
+ }
+ luaL_addsize(b, size); /* add result to buffer */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Copy 'size' bytes from 'src' to 'dest', correcting endianness if
+** given 'islittle' is different from native endianness.
+*/
+static void copywithendian (char *dest, const char *src,
+ int size, int islittle) {
+ if (islittle == nativeendian.little)
+ memcpy(dest, src, size);
+ else {
+ dest += size - 1;
+ while (size-- != 0)
+ *(dest--) = *(src++);
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int str_pack (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_Buffer b;
+ Header h;
+ const char *fmt = luaL_checkstring(L, 1); /* format string */
+ int arg = 1; /* current argument to pack */
+ size_t totalsize = 0; /* accumulate total size of result */
+ initheader(L, &h);
+ lua_pushnil(L); /* mark to separate arguments from string buffer */
+ luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
+ while (*fmt != '\0') {
+ int size, ntoalign;
+ KOption opt = getdetails(&h, totalsize, &fmt, &size, &ntoalign);
+ totalsize += ntoalign + size;
+ while (ntoalign-- > 0)
+ luaL_addchar(&b, LUAL_PACKPADBYTE); /* fill alignment */
+ arg++;
+ switch (opt) {
+ case Kint: { /* signed integers */
+ lua_Integer n = luaL_checkinteger(L, arg);
+ if (size < SZINT) { /* need overflow check? */
+ lua_Integer lim = (lua_Integer)1 << ((size * NB) - 1);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, -lim <= n && n < lim, arg, "integer overflow");
+ }
+ packint(&b, (lua_Unsigned)n, h.islittle, size, (n < 0));
+ break;
+ }
+ case Kuint: { /* unsigned integers */
+ lua_Integer n = luaL_checkinteger(L, arg);
+ if (size < SZINT) /* need overflow check? */
+ luaL_argcheck(L, (lua_Unsigned)n < ((lua_Unsigned)1 << (size * NB)),
+ arg, "unsigned overflow");
+ packint(&b, (lua_Unsigned)n, h.islittle, size, 0);
+ break;
+ }
+ case Kfloat: { /* C float */
+ float f = (float)luaL_checknumber(L, arg); /* get argument */
+ char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, sizeof(f));
+ /* move 'f' to final result, correcting endianness if needed */
+ copywithendian(buff, (char *)&f, sizeof(f), h.islittle);
+ luaL_addsize(&b, size);
+ break;
+ }
+ case Knumber: { /* Lua float */
+ lua_Number f = luaL_checknumber(L, arg); /* get argument */
+ char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, sizeof(f));
+ /* move 'f' to final result, correcting endianness if needed */
+ copywithendian(buff, (char *)&f, sizeof(f), h.islittle);
+ luaL_addsize(&b, size);
+ break;
+ }
+ case Kdouble: { /* C double */
+ double f = (double)luaL_checknumber(L, arg); /* get argument */
+ char *buff = luaL_prepbuffsize(&b, sizeof(f));
+ /* move 'f' to final result, correcting endianness if needed */
+ copywithendian(buff, (char *)&f, sizeof(f), h.islittle);
+ luaL_addsize(&b, size);
+ break;
+ }
+ case Kchar: { /* fixed-size string */
+ size_t len;
+ const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, arg, &len);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, len <= (size_t)size, arg,
+ "string longer than given size");
+ luaL_addlstring(&b, s, len); /* add string */
+ while (len++ < (size_t)size) /* pad extra space */
+ luaL_addchar(&b, LUAL_PACKPADBYTE);
+ break;
+ }
+ case Kstring: { /* strings with length count */
+ size_t len;
+ const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, arg, &len);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, size >= (int)sizeof(size_t) ||
+ len < ((size_t)1 << (size * NB)),
+ arg, "string length does not fit in given size");
+ packint(&b, (lua_Unsigned)len, h.islittle, size, 0); /* pack length */
+ luaL_addlstring(&b, s, len);
+ totalsize += len;
+ break;
+ }
+ case Kzstr: { /* zero-terminated string */
+ size_t len;
+ const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, arg, &len);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, strlen(s) == len, arg, "string contains zeros");
+ luaL_addlstring(&b, s, len);
+ luaL_addchar(&b, '\0'); /* add zero at the end */
+ totalsize += len + 1;
+ break;
+ }
+ case Kpadding: luaL_addchar(&b, LUAL_PACKPADBYTE); /* FALLTHROUGH */
+ case Kpaddalign: case Knop:
+ arg--; /* undo increment */
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ luaL_pushresult(&b);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int str_packsize (lua_State *L) {
+ Header h;
+ const char *fmt = luaL_checkstring(L, 1); /* format string */
+ size_t totalsize = 0; /* accumulate total size of result */
+ initheader(L, &h);
+ while (*fmt != '\0') {
+ int size, ntoalign;
+ KOption opt = getdetails(&h, totalsize, &fmt, &size, &ntoalign);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, opt != Kstring && opt != Kzstr, 1,
+ "variable-length format");
+ size += ntoalign; /* total space used by option */
+ luaL_argcheck(L, totalsize <= MAXSIZE - size, 1,
+ "format result too large");
+ totalsize += size;
+ }
+ lua_pushinteger(L, (lua_Integer)totalsize);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Unpack an integer with 'size' bytes and 'islittle' endianness.
+** If size is smaller than the size of a Lua integer and integer
+** is signed, must do sign extension (propagating the sign to the
+** higher bits); if size is larger than the size of a Lua integer,
+** it must check the unread bytes to see whether they do not cause an
+** overflow.
+*/
+static lua_Integer unpackint (lua_State *L, const char *str,
+ int islittle, int size, int issigned) {
+ lua_Unsigned res = 0;
+ int i;
+ int limit = (size <= SZINT) ? size : SZINT;
+ for (i = limit - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+ res <<= NB;
+ res |= (lua_Unsigned)(unsigned char)str[islittle ? i : size - 1 - i];
+ }
+ if (size < SZINT) { /* real size smaller than lua_Integer? */
+ if (issigned) { /* needs sign extension? */
+ lua_Unsigned mask = (lua_Unsigned)1 << (size*NB - 1);
+ res = ((res ^ mask) - mask); /* do sign extension */
+ }
+ }
+ else if (size > SZINT) { /* must check unread bytes */
+ int mask = (!issigned || (lua_Integer)res >= 0) ? 0 : MC;
+ for (i = limit; i < size; i++) {
+ if (l_unlikely((unsigned char)str[islittle ? i : size - 1 - i] != mask))
+ luaL_error(L, "%d-byte integer does not fit into Lua Integer", size);
+ }
+ }
+ return (lua_Integer)res;
+}
+
+
+static int str_unpack (lua_State *L) {
+ Header h;
+ const char *fmt = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
+ size_t ld;
+ const char *data = luaL_checklstring(L, 2, &ld);
+ size_t pos = posrelatI(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 1), ld) - 1;
+ int n = 0; /* number of results */
+ luaL_argcheck(L, pos <= ld, 3, "initial position out of string");
+ initheader(L, &h);
+ while (*fmt != '\0') {
+ int size, ntoalign;
+ KOption opt = getdetails(&h, pos, &fmt, &size, &ntoalign);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, (size_t)ntoalign + size <= ld - pos, 2,
+ "data string too short");
+ pos += ntoalign; /* skip alignment */
+ /* stack space for item + next position */
+ luaL_checkstack(L, 2, "too many results");
+ n++;
+ switch (opt) {
+ case Kint:
+ case Kuint: {
+ lua_Integer res = unpackint(L, data + pos, h.islittle, size,
+ (opt == Kint));
+ lua_pushinteger(L, res);
+ break;
+ }
+ case Kfloat: {
+ float f;
+ copywithendian((char *)&f, data + pos, sizeof(f), h.islittle);
+ lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)f);
+ break;
+ }
+ case Knumber: {
+ lua_Number f;
+ copywithendian((char *)&f, data + pos, sizeof(f), h.islittle);
+ lua_pushnumber(L, f);
+ break;
+ }
+ case Kdouble: {
+ double f;
+ copywithendian((char *)&f, data + pos, sizeof(f), h.islittle);
+ lua_pushnumber(L, (lua_Number)f);
+ break;
+ }
+ case Kchar: {
+ lua_pushlstring(L, data + pos, size);
+ break;
+ }
+ case Kstring: {
+ size_t len = (size_t)unpackint(L, data + pos, h.islittle, size, 0);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, len <= ld - pos - size, 2, "data string too short");
+ lua_pushlstring(L, data + pos + size, len);
+ pos += len; /* skip string */
+ break;
+ }
+ case Kzstr: {
+ size_t len = strlen(data + pos);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, pos + len < ld, 2,
+ "unfinished string for format 'z'");
+ lua_pushlstring(L, data + pos, len);
+ pos += len + 1; /* skip string plus final '\0' */
+ break;
+ }
+ case Kpaddalign: case Kpadding: case Knop:
+ n--; /* undo increment */
+ break;
+ }
+ pos += size;
+ }
+ lua_pushinteger(L, pos + 1); /* next position */
+ return n + 1;
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+static const luaL_Reg strlib[] = {
+ {"byte", str_byte},
+ {"char", str_char},
+ {"dump", str_dump},
+ {"find", str_find},
+ {"format", str_format},
+ {"gmatch", gmatch},
+ {"gsub", str_gsub},
+ {"len", str_len},
+ {"lower", str_lower},
+ {"match", str_match},
+ {"rep", str_rep},
+ {"reverse", str_reverse},
+ {"sub", str_sub},
+ {"upper", str_upper},
+ {"pack", str_pack},
+ {"packsize", str_packsize},
+ {"unpack", str_unpack},
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+
+static void createmetatable (lua_State *L) {
+ /* table to be metatable for strings */
+ luaL_newlibtable(L, stringmetamethods);
+ luaL_setfuncs(L, stringmetamethods, 0);
+ lua_pushliteral(L, ""); /* dummy string */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* copy table */
+ lua_setmetatable(L, -2); /* set table as metatable for strings */
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop dummy string */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, -2); /* get string library */
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, "__index"); /* metatable.__index = string */
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop metatable */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Open string library
+*/
+LUAMOD_API int luaopen_string (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_newlib(L, strlib);
+ createmetatable(L);
+ return 1;
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/ltable.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/ltable.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c690c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/ltable.c
@@ -0,0 +1,980 @@
+/*
+** $Id: ltable.c $
+** Lua tables (hash)
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define ltable_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+/*
+** Implementation of tables (aka arrays, objects, or hash tables).
+** Tables keep its elements in two parts: an array part and a hash part.
+** Non-negative integer keys are all candidates to be kept in the array
+** part. The actual size of the array is the largest 'n' such that
+** more than half the slots between 1 and n are in use.
+** Hash uses a mix of chained scatter table with Brent's variation.
+** A main invariant of these tables is that, if an element is not
+** in its main position (i.e. the 'original' position that its hash gives
+** to it), then the colliding element is in its own main position.
+** Hence even when the load factor reaches 100%, performance remains good.
+*/
+
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h"
+#include "lgc.h"
+#include "lmem.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+#include "lstring.h"
+#include "ltable.h"
+#include "lvm.h"
+
+
+/*
+** MAXABITS is the largest integer such that MAXASIZE fits in an
+** unsigned int.
+*/
+#define MAXABITS cast_int(sizeof(int) * CHAR_BIT - 1)
+
+
+/*
+** MAXASIZE is the maximum size of the array part. It is the minimum
+** between 2^MAXABITS and the maximum size that, measured in bytes,
+** fits in a 'size_t'.
+*/
+#define MAXASIZE luaM_limitN(1u << MAXABITS, TValue)
+
+/*
+** MAXHBITS is the largest integer such that 2^MAXHBITS fits in a
+** signed int.
+*/
+#define MAXHBITS (MAXABITS - 1)
+
+
+/*
+** MAXHSIZE is the maximum size of the hash part. It is the minimum
+** between 2^MAXHBITS and the maximum size such that, measured in bytes,
+** it fits in a 'size_t'.
+*/
+#define MAXHSIZE luaM_limitN(1u << MAXHBITS, Node)
+
+
+/*
+** When the original hash value is good, hashing by a power of 2
+** avoids the cost of '%'.
+*/
+#define hashpow2(t,n) (gnode(t, lmod((n), sizenode(t))))
+
+/*
+** for other types, it is better to avoid modulo by power of 2, as
+** they can have many 2 factors.
+*/
+#define hashmod(t,n) (gnode(t, ((n) % ((sizenode(t)-1)|1))))
+
+
+#define hashstr(t,str) hashpow2(t, (str)->hash)
+#define hashboolean(t,p) hashpow2(t, p)
+
+
+#define hashpointer(t,p) hashmod(t, point2uint(p))
+
+
+#define dummynode (&dummynode_)
+
+static const Node dummynode_ = {
+ {{NULL}, LUA_VEMPTY, /* value's value and type */
+ LUA_VNIL, 0, {NULL}} /* key type, next, and key value */
+};
+
+
+static const TValue absentkey = {ABSTKEYCONSTANT};
+
+
+/*
+** Hash for integers. To allow a good hash, use the remainder operator
+** ('%'). If integer fits as a non-negative int, compute an int
+** remainder, which is faster. Otherwise, use an unsigned-integer
+** remainder, which uses all bits and ensures a non-negative result.
+*/
+static Node *hashint (const Table *t, lua_Integer i) {
+ lua_Unsigned ui = l_castS2U(i);
+ if (ui <= cast_uint(INT_MAX))
+ return hashmod(t, cast_int(ui));
+ else
+ return hashmod(t, ui);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Hash for floating-point numbers.
+** The main computation should be just
+** n = frexp(n, &i); return (n * INT_MAX) + i
+** but there are some numerical subtleties.
+** In a two-complement representation, INT_MAX does not has an exact
+** representation as a float, but INT_MIN does; because the absolute
+** value of 'frexp' is smaller than 1 (unless 'n' is inf/NaN), the
+** absolute value of the product 'frexp * -INT_MIN' is smaller or equal
+** to INT_MAX. Next, the use of 'unsigned int' avoids overflows when
+** adding 'i'; the use of '~u' (instead of '-u') avoids problems with
+** INT_MIN.
+*/
+#if !defined(l_hashfloat)
+static int l_hashfloat (lua_Number n) {
+ int i;
+ lua_Integer ni;
+ n = l_mathop(frexp)(n, &i) * -cast_num(INT_MIN);
+ if (!lua_numbertointeger(n, &ni)) { /* is 'n' inf/-inf/NaN? */
+ lua_assert(luai_numisnan(n) || l_mathop(fabs)(n) == cast_num(HUGE_VAL));
+ return 0;
+ }
+ else { /* normal case */
+ unsigned int u = cast_uint(i) + cast_uint(ni);
+ return cast_int(u <= cast_uint(INT_MAX) ? u : ~u);
+ }
+}
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** returns the 'main' position of an element in a table (that is,
+** the index of its hash value).
+*/
+static Node *mainpositionTV (const Table *t, const TValue *key) {
+ switch (ttypetag(key)) {
+ case LUA_VNUMINT: {
+ lua_Integer i = ivalue(key);
+ return hashint(t, i);
+ }
+ case LUA_VNUMFLT: {
+ lua_Number n = fltvalue(key);
+ return hashmod(t, l_hashfloat(n));
+ }
+ case LUA_VSHRSTR: {
+ TString *ts = tsvalue(key);
+ return hashstr(t, ts);
+ }
+ case LUA_VLNGSTR: {
+ TString *ts = tsvalue(key);
+ return hashpow2(t, luaS_hashlongstr(ts));
+ }
+ case LUA_VFALSE:
+ return hashboolean(t, 0);
+ case LUA_VTRUE:
+ return hashboolean(t, 1);
+ case LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA: {
+ void *p = pvalue(key);
+ return hashpointer(t, p);
+ }
+ case LUA_VLCF: {
+ lua_CFunction f = fvalue(key);
+ return hashpointer(t, f);
+ }
+ default: {
+ GCObject *o = gcvalue(key);
+ return hashpointer(t, o);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+l_sinline Node *mainpositionfromnode (const Table *t, Node *nd) {
+ TValue key;
+ getnodekey(cast(lua_State *, NULL), &key, nd);
+ return mainpositionTV(t, &key);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether key 'k1' is equal to the key in node 'n2'. This
+** equality is raw, so there are no metamethods. Floats with integer
+** values have been normalized, so integers cannot be equal to
+** floats. It is assumed that 'eqshrstr' is simply pointer equality, so
+** that short strings are handled in the default case.
+** A true 'deadok' means to accept dead keys as equal to their original
+** values. All dead keys are compared in the default case, by pointer
+** identity. (Only collectable objects can produce dead keys.) Note that
+** dead long strings are also compared by identity.
+** Once a key is dead, its corresponding value may be collected, and
+** then another value can be created with the same address. If this
+** other value is given to 'next', 'equalkey' will signal a false
+** positive. In a regular traversal, this situation should never happen,
+** as all keys given to 'next' came from the table itself, and therefore
+** could not have been collected. Outside a regular traversal, we
+** have garbage in, garbage out. What is relevant is that this false
+** positive does not break anything. (In particular, 'next' will return
+** some other valid item on the table or nil.)
+*/
+static int equalkey (const TValue *k1, const Node *n2, int deadok) {
+ if ((rawtt(k1) != keytt(n2)) && /* not the same variants? */
+ !(deadok && keyisdead(n2) && iscollectable(k1)))
+ return 0; /* cannot be same key */
+ switch (keytt(n2)) {
+ case LUA_VNIL: case LUA_VFALSE: case LUA_VTRUE:
+ return 1;
+ case LUA_VNUMINT:
+ return (ivalue(k1) == keyival(n2));
+ case LUA_VNUMFLT:
+ return luai_numeq(fltvalue(k1), fltvalueraw(keyval(n2)));
+ case LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA:
+ return pvalue(k1) == pvalueraw(keyval(n2));
+ case LUA_VLCF:
+ return fvalue(k1) == fvalueraw(keyval(n2));
+ case ctb(LUA_VLNGSTR):
+ return luaS_eqlngstr(tsvalue(k1), keystrval(n2));
+ default:
+ return gcvalue(k1) == gcvalueraw(keyval(n2));
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** True if value of 'alimit' is equal to the real size of the array
+** part of table 't'. (Otherwise, the array part must be larger than
+** 'alimit'.)
+*/
+#define limitequalsasize(t) (isrealasize(t) || ispow2((t)->alimit))
+
+
+/*
+** Returns the real size of the 'array' array
+*/
+LUAI_FUNC unsigned int luaH_realasize (const Table *t) {
+ if (limitequalsasize(t))
+ return t->alimit; /* this is the size */
+ else {
+ unsigned int size = t->alimit;
+ /* compute the smallest power of 2 not smaller than 'n' */
+ size |= (size >> 1);
+ size |= (size >> 2);
+ size |= (size >> 4);
+ size |= (size >> 8);
+#if (UINT_MAX >> 14) > 3 /* unsigned int has more than 16 bits */
+ size |= (size >> 16);
+#if (UINT_MAX >> 30) > 3
+ size |= (size >> 32); /* unsigned int has more than 32 bits */
+#endif
+#endif
+ size++;
+ lua_assert(ispow2(size) && size/2 < t->alimit && t->alimit < size);
+ return size;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether real size of the array is a power of 2.
+** (If it is not, 'alimit' cannot be changed to any other value
+** without changing the real size.)
+*/
+static int ispow2realasize (const Table *t) {
+ return (!isrealasize(t) || ispow2(t->alimit));
+}
+
+
+static unsigned int setlimittosize (Table *t) {
+ t->alimit = luaH_realasize(t);
+ setrealasize(t);
+ return t->alimit;
+}
+
+
+#define limitasasize(t) check_exp(isrealasize(t), t->alimit)
+
+
+
+/*
+** "Generic" get version. (Not that generic: not valid for integers,
+** which may be in array part, nor for floats with integral values.)
+** See explanation about 'deadok' in function 'equalkey'.
+*/
+static const TValue *getgeneric (Table *t, const TValue *key, int deadok) {
+ Node *n = mainpositionTV(t, key);
+ for (;;) { /* check whether 'key' is somewhere in the chain */
+ if (equalkey(key, n, deadok))
+ return gval(n); /* that's it */
+ else {
+ int nx = gnext(n);
+ if (nx == 0)
+ return &absentkey; /* not found */
+ n += nx;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** returns the index for 'k' if 'k' is an appropriate key to live in
+** the array part of a table, 0 otherwise.
+*/
+static unsigned int arrayindex (lua_Integer k) {
+ if (l_castS2U(k) - 1u < MAXASIZE) /* 'k' in [1, MAXASIZE]? */
+ return cast_uint(k); /* 'key' is an appropriate array index */
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** returns the index of a 'key' for table traversals. First goes all
+** elements in the array part, then elements in the hash part. The
+** beginning of a traversal is signaled by 0.
+*/
+static unsigned int findindex (lua_State *L, Table *t, TValue *key,
+ unsigned int asize) {
+ unsigned int i;
+ if (ttisnil(key)) return 0; /* first iteration */
+ i = ttisinteger(key) ? arrayindex(ivalue(key)) : 0;
+ if (i - 1u < asize) /* is 'key' inside array part? */
+ return i; /* yes; that's the index */
+ else {
+ const TValue *n = getgeneric(t, key, 1);
+ if (l_unlikely(isabstkey(n)))
+ luaG_runerror(L, "invalid key to 'next'"); /* key not found */
+ i = cast_int(nodefromval(n) - gnode(t, 0)); /* key index in hash table */
+ /* hash elements are numbered after array ones */
+ return (i + 1) + asize;
+ }
+}
+
+
+int luaH_next (lua_State *L, Table *t, StkId key) {
+ unsigned int asize = luaH_realasize(t);
+ unsigned int i = findindex(L, t, s2v(key), asize); /* find original key */
+ for (; i < asize; i++) { /* try first array part */
+ if (!isempty(&t->array[i])) { /* a non-empty entry? */
+ setivalue(s2v(key), i + 1);
+ setobj2s(L, key + 1, &t->array[i]);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ for (i -= asize; cast_int(i) < sizenode(t); i++) { /* hash part */
+ if (!isempty(gval(gnode(t, i)))) { /* a non-empty entry? */
+ Node *n = gnode(t, i);
+ getnodekey(L, s2v(key), n);
+ setobj2s(L, key + 1, gval(n));
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ return 0; /* no more elements */
+}
+
+
+static void freehash (lua_State *L, Table *t) {
+ if (!isdummy(t))
+ luaM_freearray(L, t->node, cast_sizet(sizenode(t)));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** {=============================================================
+** Rehash
+** ==============================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+** Compute the optimal size for the array part of table 't'. 'nums' is a
+** "count array" where 'nums[i]' is the number of integers in the table
+** between 2^(i - 1) + 1 and 2^i. 'pna' enters with the total number of
+** integer keys in the table and leaves with the number of keys that
+** will go to the array part; return the optimal size. (The condition
+** 'twotoi > 0' in the for loop stops the loop if 'twotoi' overflows.)
+*/
+static unsigned int computesizes (unsigned int nums[], unsigned int *pna) {
+ int i;
+ unsigned int twotoi; /* 2^i (candidate for optimal size) */
+ unsigned int a = 0; /* number of elements smaller than 2^i */
+ unsigned int na = 0; /* number of elements to go to array part */
+ unsigned int optimal = 0; /* optimal size for array part */
+ /* loop while keys can fill more than half of total size */
+ for (i = 0, twotoi = 1;
+ twotoi > 0 && *pna > twotoi / 2;
+ i++, twotoi *= 2) {
+ a += nums[i];
+ if (a > twotoi/2) { /* more than half elements present? */
+ optimal = twotoi; /* optimal size (till now) */
+ na = a; /* all elements up to 'optimal' will go to array part */
+ }
+ }
+ lua_assert((optimal == 0 || optimal / 2 < na) && na <= optimal);
+ *pna = na;
+ return optimal;
+}
+
+
+static int countint (lua_Integer key, unsigned int *nums) {
+ unsigned int k = arrayindex(key);
+ if (k != 0) { /* is 'key' an appropriate array index? */
+ nums[luaO_ceillog2(k)]++; /* count as such */
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Count keys in array part of table 't': Fill 'nums[i]' with
+** number of keys that will go into corresponding slice and return
+** total number of non-nil keys.
+*/
+static unsigned int numusearray (const Table *t, unsigned int *nums) {
+ int lg;
+ unsigned int ttlg; /* 2^lg */
+ unsigned int ause = 0; /* summation of 'nums' */
+ unsigned int i = 1; /* count to traverse all array keys */
+ unsigned int asize = limitasasize(t); /* real array size */
+ /* traverse each slice */
+ for (lg = 0, ttlg = 1; lg <= MAXABITS; lg++, ttlg *= 2) {
+ unsigned int lc = 0; /* counter */
+ unsigned int lim = ttlg;
+ if (lim > asize) {
+ lim = asize; /* adjust upper limit */
+ if (i > lim)
+ break; /* no more elements to count */
+ }
+ /* count elements in range (2^(lg - 1), 2^lg] */
+ for (; i <= lim; i++) {
+ if (!isempty(&t->array[i-1]))
+ lc++;
+ }
+ nums[lg] += lc;
+ ause += lc;
+ }
+ return ause;
+}
+
+
+static int numusehash (const Table *t, unsigned int *nums, unsigned int *pna) {
+ int totaluse = 0; /* total number of elements */
+ int ause = 0; /* elements added to 'nums' (can go to array part) */
+ int i = sizenode(t);
+ while (i--) {
+ Node *n = &t->node[i];
+ if (!isempty(gval(n))) {
+ if (keyisinteger(n))
+ ause += countint(keyival(n), nums);
+ totaluse++;
+ }
+ }
+ *pna += ause;
+ return totaluse;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Creates an array for the hash part of a table with the given
+** size, or reuses the dummy node if size is zero.
+** The computation for size overflow is in two steps: the first
+** comparison ensures that the shift in the second one does not
+** overflow.
+*/
+static void setnodevector (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int size) {
+ if (size == 0) { /* no elements to hash part? */
+ t->node = cast(Node *, dummynode); /* use common 'dummynode' */
+ t->lsizenode = 0;
+ t->lastfree = NULL; /* signal that it is using dummy node */
+ }
+ else {
+ int i;
+ int lsize = luaO_ceillog2(size);
+ if (lsize > MAXHBITS || (1u << lsize) > MAXHSIZE)
+ luaG_runerror(L, "table overflow");
+ size = twoto(lsize);
+ t->node = luaM_newvector(L, size, Node);
+ for (i = 0; i < cast_int(size); i++) {
+ Node *n = gnode(t, i);
+ gnext(n) = 0;
+ setnilkey(n);
+ setempty(gval(n));
+ }
+ t->lsizenode = cast_byte(lsize);
+ t->lastfree = gnode(t, size); /* all positions are free */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** (Re)insert all elements from the hash part of 'ot' into table 't'.
+*/
+static void reinsert (lua_State *L, Table *ot, Table *t) {
+ int j;
+ int size = sizenode(ot);
+ for (j = 0; j < size; j++) {
+ Node *old = gnode(ot, j);
+ if (!isempty(gval(old))) {
+ /* doesn't need barrier/invalidate cache, as entry was
+ already present in the table */
+ TValue k;
+ getnodekey(L, &k, old);
+ luaH_set(L, t, &k, gval(old));
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Exchange the hash part of 't1' and 't2'.
+*/
+static void exchangehashpart (Table *t1, Table *t2) {
+ lu_byte lsizenode = t1->lsizenode;
+ Node *node = t1->node;
+ Node *lastfree = t1->lastfree;
+ t1->lsizenode = t2->lsizenode;
+ t1->node = t2->node;
+ t1->lastfree = t2->lastfree;
+ t2->lsizenode = lsizenode;
+ t2->node = node;
+ t2->lastfree = lastfree;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Resize table 't' for the new given sizes. Both allocations (for
+** the hash part and for the array part) can fail, which creates some
+** subtleties. If the first allocation, for the hash part, fails, an
+** error is raised and that is it. Otherwise, it copies the elements from
+** the shrinking part of the array (if it is shrinking) into the new
+** hash. Then it reallocates the array part. If that fails, the table
+** is in its original state; the function frees the new hash part and then
+** raises the allocation error. Otherwise, it sets the new hash part
+** into the table, initializes the new part of the array (if any) with
+** nils and reinserts the elements of the old hash back into the new
+** parts of the table.
+*/
+void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int newasize,
+ unsigned int nhsize) {
+ unsigned int i;
+ Table newt; /* to keep the new hash part */
+ unsigned int oldasize = setlimittosize(t);
+ TValue *newarray;
+ /* create new hash part with appropriate size into 'newt' */
+ setnodevector(L, &newt, nhsize);
+ if (newasize < oldasize) { /* will array shrink? */
+ t->alimit = newasize; /* pretend array has new size... */
+ exchangehashpart(t, &newt); /* and new hash */
+ /* re-insert into the new hash the elements from vanishing slice */
+ for (i = newasize; i < oldasize; i++) {
+ if (!isempty(&t->array[i]))
+ luaH_setint(L, t, i + 1, &t->array[i]);
+ }
+ t->alimit = oldasize; /* restore current size... */
+ exchangehashpart(t, &newt); /* and hash (in case of errors) */
+ }
+ /* allocate new array */
+ newarray = luaM_reallocvector(L, t->array, oldasize, newasize, TValue);
+ if (l_unlikely(newarray == NULL && newasize > 0)) { /* allocation failed? */
+ freehash(L, &newt); /* release new hash part */
+ luaM_error(L); /* raise error (with array unchanged) */
+ }
+ /* allocation ok; initialize new part of the array */
+ exchangehashpart(t, &newt); /* 't' has the new hash ('newt' has the old) */
+ t->array = newarray; /* set new array part */
+ t->alimit = newasize;
+ for (i = oldasize; i < newasize; i++) /* clear new slice of the array */
+ setempty(&t->array[i]);
+ /* re-insert elements from old hash part into new parts */
+ reinsert(L, &newt, t); /* 'newt' now has the old hash */
+ freehash(L, &newt); /* free old hash part */
+}
+
+
+void luaH_resizearray (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int nasize) {
+ int nsize = allocsizenode(t);
+ luaH_resize(L, t, nasize, nsize);
+}
+
+/*
+** nums[i] = number of keys 'k' where 2^(i - 1) < k <= 2^i
+*/
+static void rehash (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *ek) {
+ unsigned int asize; /* optimal size for array part */
+ unsigned int na; /* number of keys in the array part */
+ unsigned int nums[MAXABITS + 1];
+ int i;
+ int totaluse;
+ for (i = 0; i <= MAXABITS; i++) nums[i] = 0; /* reset counts */
+ setlimittosize(t);
+ na = numusearray(t, nums); /* count keys in array part */
+ totaluse = na; /* all those keys are integer keys */
+ totaluse += numusehash(t, nums, &na); /* count keys in hash part */
+ /* count extra key */
+ if (ttisinteger(ek))
+ na += countint(ivalue(ek), nums);
+ totaluse++;
+ /* compute new size for array part */
+ asize = computesizes(nums, &na);
+ /* resize the table to new computed sizes */
+ luaH_resize(L, t, asize, totaluse - na);
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+** }=============================================================
+*/
+
+
+Table *luaH_new (lua_State *L) {
+ GCObject *o = luaC_newobj(L, LUA_VTABLE, sizeof(Table));
+ Table *t = gco2t(o);
+ t->metatable = NULL;
+ t->flags = cast_byte(maskflags); /* table has no metamethod fields */
+ t->array = NULL;
+ t->alimit = 0;
+ setnodevector(L, t, 0);
+ return t;
+}
+
+
+void luaH_free (lua_State *L, Table *t) {
+ freehash(L, t);
+ luaM_freearray(L, t->array, luaH_realasize(t));
+ luaM_free(L, t);
+}
+
+
+static Node *getfreepos (Table *t) {
+ if (!isdummy(t)) {
+ while (t->lastfree > t->node) {
+ t->lastfree--;
+ if (keyisnil(t->lastfree))
+ return t->lastfree;
+ }
+ }
+ return NULL; /* could not find a free place */
+}
+
+
+
+/*
+** inserts a new key into a hash table; first, check whether key's main
+** position is free. If not, check whether colliding node is in its main
+** position or not: if it is not, move colliding node to an empty place and
+** put new key in its main position; otherwise (colliding node is in its main
+** position), new key goes to an empty position.
+*/
+void luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key, TValue *value) {
+ Node *mp;
+ TValue aux;
+ if (l_unlikely(ttisnil(key)))
+ luaG_runerror(L, "table index is nil");
+ else if (ttisfloat(key)) {
+ lua_Number f = fltvalue(key);
+ lua_Integer k;
+ if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &k, F2Ieq)) { /* does key fit in an integer? */
+ setivalue(&aux, k);
+ key = &aux; /* insert it as an integer */
+ }
+ else if (l_unlikely(luai_numisnan(f)))
+ luaG_runerror(L, "table index is NaN");
+ }
+ if (ttisnil(value))
+ return; /* do not insert nil values */
+ mp = mainpositionTV(t, key);
+ if (!isempty(gval(mp)) || isdummy(t)) { /* main position is taken? */
+ Node *othern;
+ Node *f = getfreepos(t); /* get a free place */
+ if (f == NULL) { /* cannot find a free place? */
+ rehash(L, t, key); /* grow table */
+ /* whatever called 'newkey' takes care of TM cache */
+ luaH_set(L, t, key, value); /* insert key into grown table */
+ return;
+ }
+ lua_assert(!isdummy(t));
+ othern = mainpositionfromnode(t, mp);
+ if (othern != mp) { /* is colliding node out of its main position? */
+ /* yes; move colliding node into free position */
+ while (othern + gnext(othern) != mp) /* find previous */
+ othern += gnext(othern);
+ gnext(othern) = cast_int(f - othern); /* rechain to point to 'f' */
+ *f = *mp; /* copy colliding node into free pos. (mp->next also goes) */
+ if (gnext(mp) != 0) {
+ gnext(f) += cast_int(mp - f); /* correct 'next' */
+ gnext(mp) = 0; /* now 'mp' is free */
+ }
+ setempty(gval(mp));
+ }
+ else { /* colliding node is in its own main position */
+ /* new node will go into free position */
+ if (gnext(mp) != 0)
+ gnext(f) = cast_int((mp + gnext(mp)) - f); /* chain new position */
+ else lua_assert(gnext(f) == 0);
+ gnext(mp) = cast_int(f - mp);
+ mp = f;
+ }
+ }
+ setnodekey(L, mp, key);
+ luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(t), key);
+ lua_assert(isempty(gval(mp)));
+ setobj2t(L, gval(mp), value);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Search function for integers. If integer is inside 'alimit', get it
+** directly from the array part. Otherwise, if 'alimit' is not equal to
+** the real size of the array, key still can be in the array part. In
+** this case, try to avoid a call to 'luaH_realasize' when key is just
+** one more than the limit (so that it can be incremented without
+** changing the real size of the array).
+*/
+const TValue *luaH_getint (Table *t, lua_Integer key) {
+ if (l_castS2U(key) - 1u < t->alimit) /* 'key' in [1, t->alimit]? */
+ return &t->array[key - 1];
+ else if (!limitequalsasize(t) && /* key still may be in the array part? */
+ (l_castS2U(key) == t->alimit + 1 ||
+ l_castS2U(key) - 1u < luaH_realasize(t))) {
+ t->alimit = cast_uint(key); /* probably '#t' is here now */
+ return &t->array[key - 1];
+ }
+ else {
+ Node *n = hashint(t, key);
+ for (;;) { /* check whether 'key' is somewhere in the chain */
+ if (keyisinteger(n) && keyival(n) == key)
+ return gval(n); /* that's it */
+ else {
+ int nx = gnext(n);
+ if (nx == 0) break;
+ n += nx;
+ }
+ }
+ return &absentkey;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** search function for short strings
+*/
+const TValue *luaH_getshortstr (Table *t, TString *key) {
+ Node *n = hashstr(t, key);
+ lua_assert(key->tt == LUA_VSHRSTR);
+ for (;;) { /* check whether 'key' is somewhere in the chain */
+ if (keyisshrstr(n) && eqshrstr(keystrval(n), key))
+ return gval(n); /* that's it */
+ else {
+ int nx = gnext(n);
+ if (nx == 0)
+ return &absentkey; /* not found */
+ n += nx;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+const TValue *luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key) {
+ if (key->tt == LUA_VSHRSTR)
+ return luaH_getshortstr(t, key);
+ else { /* for long strings, use generic case */
+ TValue ko;
+ setsvalue(cast(lua_State *, NULL), &ko, key);
+ return getgeneric(t, &ko, 0);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** main search function
+*/
+const TValue *luaH_get (Table *t, const TValue *key) {
+ switch (ttypetag(key)) {
+ case LUA_VSHRSTR: return luaH_getshortstr(t, tsvalue(key));
+ case LUA_VNUMINT: return luaH_getint(t, ivalue(key));
+ case LUA_VNIL: return &absentkey;
+ case LUA_VNUMFLT: {
+ lua_Integer k;
+ if (luaV_flttointeger(fltvalue(key), &k, F2Ieq)) /* integral index? */
+ return luaH_getint(t, k); /* use specialized version */
+ /* else... */
+ } /* FALLTHROUGH */
+ default:
+ return getgeneric(t, key, 0);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Finish a raw "set table" operation, where 'slot' is where the value
+** should have been (the result of a previous "get table").
+** Beware: when using this function you probably need to check a GC
+** barrier and invalidate the TM cache.
+*/
+void luaH_finishset (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key,
+ const TValue *slot, TValue *value) {
+ if (isabstkey(slot))
+ luaH_newkey(L, t, key, value);
+ else
+ setobj2t(L, cast(TValue *, slot), value);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** beware: when using this function you probably need to check a GC
+** barrier and invalidate the TM cache.
+*/
+void luaH_set (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key, TValue *value) {
+ const TValue *slot = luaH_get(t, key);
+ luaH_finishset(L, t, key, slot, value);
+}
+
+
+void luaH_setint (lua_State *L, Table *t, lua_Integer key, TValue *value) {
+ const TValue *p = luaH_getint(t, key);
+ if (isabstkey(p)) {
+ TValue k;
+ setivalue(&k, key);
+ luaH_newkey(L, t, &k, value);
+ }
+ else
+ setobj2t(L, cast(TValue *, p), value);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Try to find a boundary in the hash part of table 't'. From the
+** caller, we know that 'j' is zero or present and that 'j + 1' is
+** present. We want to find a larger key that is absent from the
+** table, so that we can do a binary search between the two keys to
+** find a boundary. We keep doubling 'j' until we get an absent index.
+** If the doubling would overflow, we try LUA_MAXINTEGER. If it is
+** absent, we are ready for the binary search. ('j', being max integer,
+** is larger or equal to 'i', but it cannot be equal because it is
+** absent while 'i' is present; so 'j > i'.) Otherwise, 'j' is a
+** boundary. ('j + 1' cannot be a present integer key because it is
+** not a valid integer in Lua.)
+*/
+static lua_Unsigned hash_search (Table *t, lua_Unsigned j) {
+ lua_Unsigned i;
+ if (j == 0) j++; /* the caller ensures 'j + 1' is present */
+ do {
+ i = j; /* 'i' is a present index */
+ if (j <= l_castS2U(LUA_MAXINTEGER) / 2)
+ j *= 2;
+ else {
+ j = LUA_MAXINTEGER;
+ if (isempty(luaH_getint(t, j))) /* t[j] not present? */
+ break; /* 'j' now is an absent index */
+ else /* weird case */
+ return j; /* well, max integer is a boundary... */
+ }
+ } while (!isempty(luaH_getint(t, j))); /* repeat until an absent t[j] */
+ /* i < j && t[i] present && t[j] absent */
+ while (j - i > 1u) { /* do a binary search between them */
+ lua_Unsigned m = (i + j) / 2;
+ if (isempty(luaH_getint(t, m))) j = m;
+ else i = m;
+ }
+ return i;
+}
+
+
+static unsigned int binsearch (const TValue *array, unsigned int i,
+ unsigned int j) {
+ while (j - i > 1u) { /* binary search */
+ unsigned int m = (i + j) / 2;
+ if (isempty(&array[m - 1])) j = m;
+ else i = m;
+ }
+ return i;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Try to find a boundary in table 't'. (A 'boundary' is an integer index
+** such that t[i] is present and t[i+1] is absent, or 0 if t[1] is absent
+** and 'maxinteger' if t[maxinteger] is present.)
+** (In the next explanation, we use Lua indices, that is, with base 1.
+** The code itself uses base 0 when indexing the array part of the table.)
+** The code starts with 'limit = t->alimit', a position in the array
+** part that may be a boundary.
+**
+** (1) If 't[limit]' is empty, there must be a boundary before it.
+** As a common case (e.g., after 't[#t]=nil'), check whether 'limit-1'
+** is present. If so, it is a boundary. Otherwise, do a binary search
+** between 0 and limit to find a boundary. In both cases, try to
+** use this boundary as the new 'alimit', as a hint for the next call.
+**
+** (2) If 't[limit]' is not empty and the array has more elements
+** after 'limit', try to find a boundary there. Again, try first
+** the special case (which should be quite frequent) where 'limit+1'
+** is empty, so that 'limit' is a boundary. Otherwise, check the
+** last element of the array part. If it is empty, there must be a
+** boundary between the old limit (present) and the last element
+** (absent), which is found with a binary search. (This boundary always
+** can be a new limit.)
+**
+** (3) The last case is when there are no elements in the array part
+** (limit == 0) or its last element (the new limit) is present.
+** In this case, must check the hash part. If there is no hash part
+** or 'limit+1' is absent, 'limit' is a boundary. Otherwise, call
+** 'hash_search' to find a boundary in the hash part of the table.
+** (In those cases, the boundary is not inside the array part, and
+** therefore cannot be used as a new limit.)
+*/
+lua_Unsigned luaH_getn (Table *t) {
+ unsigned int limit = t->alimit;
+ if (limit > 0 && isempty(&t->array[limit - 1])) { /* (1)? */
+ /* there must be a boundary before 'limit' */
+ if (limit >= 2 && !isempty(&t->array[limit - 2])) {
+ /* 'limit - 1' is a boundary; can it be a new limit? */
+ if (ispow2realasize(t) && !ispow2(limit - 1)) {
+ t->alimit = limit - 1;
+ setnorealasize(t); /* now 'alimit' is not the real size */
+ }
+ return limit - 1;
+ }
+ else { /* must search for a boundary in [0, limit] */
+ unsigned int boundary = binsearch(t->array, 0, limit);
+ /* can this boundary represent the real size of the array? */
+ if (ispow2realasize(t) && boundary > luaH_realasize(t) / 2) {
+ t->alimit = boundary; /* use it as the new limit */
+ setnorealasize(t);
+ }
+ return boundary;
+ }
+ }
+ /* 'limit' is zero or present in table */
+ if (!limitequalsasize(t)) { /* (2)? */
+ /* 'limit' > 0 and array has more elements after 'limit' */
+ if (isempty(&t->array[limit])) /* 'limit + 1' is empty? */
+ return limit; /* this is the boundary */
+ /* else, try last element in the array */
+ limit = luaH_realasize(t);
+ if (isempty(&t->array[limit - 1])) { /* empty? */
+ /* there must be a boundary in the array after old limit,
+ and it must be a valid new limit */
+ unsigned int boundary = binsearch(t->array, t->alimit, limit);
+ t->alimit = boundary;
+ return boundary;
+ }
+ /* else, new limit is present in the table; check the hash part */
+ }
+ /* (3) 'limit' is the last element and either is zero or present in table */
+ lua_assert(limit == luaH_realasize(t) &&
+ (limit == 0 || !isempty(&t->array[limit - 1])));
+ if (isdummy(t) || isempty(luaH_getint(t, cast(lua_Integer, limit + 1))))
+ return limit; /* 'limit + 1' is absent */
+ else /* 'limit + 1' is also present */
+ return hash_search(t, limit);
+}
+
+
+
+#if defined(LUA_DEBUG)
+
+/* export these functions for the test library */
+
+Node *luaH_mainposition (const Table *t, const TValue *key) {
+ return mainpositionTV(t, key);
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/ltable.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/ltable.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..75dd9e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/ltable.h
@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+/*
+** $Id: ltable.h $
+** Lua tables (hash)
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef ltable_h
+#define ltable_h
+
+#include "lobject.h"
+
+
+#define gnode(t,i) (&(t)->node[i])
+#define gval(n) (&(n)->i_val)
+#define gnext(n) ((n)->u.next)
+
+
+/*
+** Clear all bits of fast-access metamethods, which means that the table
+** may have any of these metamethods. (First access that fails after the
+** clearing will set the bit again.)
+*/
+#define invalidateTMcache(t) ((t)->flags &= ~maskflags)
+
+
+/* true when 't' is using 'dummynode' as its hash part */
+#define isdummy(t) ((t)->lastfree == NULL)
+
+
+/* allocated size for hash nodes */
+#define allocsizenode(t) (isdummy(t) ? 0 : sizenode(t))
+
+
+/* returns the Node, given the value of a table entry */
+#define nodefromval(v) cast(Node *, (v))
+
+
+LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_getint (Table *t, lua_Integer key);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaH_setint (lua_State *L, Table *t, lua_Integer key,
+ TValue *value);
+LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_getshortstr (Table *t, TString *key);
+LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_getstr (Table *t, TString *key);
+LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaH_get (Table *t, const TValue *key);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaH_newkey (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key,
+ TValue *value);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaH_set (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key,
+ TValue *value);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaH_finishset (lua_State *L, Table *t, const TValue *key,
+ const TValue *slot, TValue *value);
+LUAI_FUNC Table *luaH_new (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaH_resize (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int nasize,
+ unsigned int nhsize);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaH_resizearray (lua_State *L, Table *t, unsigned int nasize);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaH_free (lua_State *L, Table *t);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaH_next (lua_State *L, Table *t, StkId key);
+LUAI_FUNC lua_Unsigned luaH_getn (Table *t);
+LUAI_FUNC unsigned int luaH_realasize (const Table *t);
+
+
+#if defined(LUA_DEBUG)
+LUAI_FUNC Node *luaH_mainposition (const Table *t, const TValue *key);
+#endif
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/ltablib.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/ltablib.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6bc4d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/ltablib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,430 @@
+/*
+** $Id: ltablib.c $
+** Library for Table Manipulation
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define ltablib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lauxlib.h"
+#include "lualib.h"
+
+
+/*
+** Operations that an object must define to mimic a table
+** (some functions only need some of them)
+*/
+#define TAB_R 1 /* read */
+#define TAB_W 2 /* write */
+#define TAB_L 4 /* length */
+#define TAB_RW (TAB_R | TAB_W) /* read/write */
+
+
+#define aux_getn(L,n,w) (checktab(L, n, (w) | TAB_L), luaL_len(L, n))
+
+
+static int checkfield (lua_State *L, const char *key, int n) {
+ lua_pushstring(L, key);
+ return (lua_rawget(L, -n) != LUA_TNIL);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check that 'arg' either is a table or can behave like one (that is,
+** has a metatable with the required metamethods)
+*/
+static void checktab (lua_State *L, int arg, int what) {
+ if (lua_type(L, arg) != LUA_TTABLE) { /* is it not a table? */
+ int n = 1; /* number of elements to pop */
+ if (lua_getmetatable(L, arg) && /* must have metatable */
+ (!(what & TAB_R) || checkfield(L, "__index", ++n)) &&
+ (!(what & TAB_W) || checkfield(L, "__newindex", ++n)) &&
+ (!(what & TAB_L) || checkfield(L, "__len", ++n))) {
+ lua_pop(L, n); /* pop metatable and tested metamethods */
+ }
+ else
+ luaL_checktype(L, arg, LUA_TTABLE); /* force an error */
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int tinsert (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_Integer pos; /* where to insert new element */
+ lua_Integer e = aux_getn(L, 1, TAB_RW);
+ e = luaL_intop(+, e, 1); /* first empty element */
+ switch (lua_gettop(L)) {
+ case 2: { /* called with only 2 arguments */
+ pos = e; /* insert new element at the end */
+ break;
+ }
+ case 3: {
+ lua_Integer i;
+ pos = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2); /* 2nd argument is the position */
+ /* check whether 'pos' is in [1, e] */
+ luaL_argcheck(L, (lua_Unsigned)pos - 1u < (lua_Unsigned)e, 2,
+ "position out of bounds");
+ for (i = e; i > pos; i--) { /* move up elements */
+ lua_geti(L, 1, i - 1);
+ lua_seti(L, 1, i); /* t[i] = t[i - 1] */
+ }
+ break;
+ }
+ default: {
+ return luaL_error(L, "wrong number of arguments to 'insert'");
+ }
+ }
+ lua_seti(L, 1, pos); /* t[pos] = v */
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+static int tremove (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_Integer size = aux_getn(L, 1, TAB_RW);
+ lua_Integer pos = luaL_optinteger(L, 2, size);
+ if (pos != size) /* validate 'pos' if given */
+ /* check whether 'pos' is in [1, size + 1] */
+ luaL_argcheck(L, (lua_Unsigned)pos - 1u <= (lua_Unsigned)size, 2,
+ "position out of bounds");
+ lua_geti(L, 1, pos); /* result = t[pos] */
+ for ( ; pos < size; pos++) {
+ lua_geti(L, 1, pos + 1);
+ lua_seti(L, 1, pos); /* t[pos] = t[pos + 1] */
+ }
+ lua_pushnil(L);
+ lua_seti(L, 1, pos); /* remove entry t[pos] */
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Copy elements (1[f], ..., 1[e]) into (tt[t], tt[t+1], ...). Whenever
+** possible, copy in increasing order, which is better for rehashing.
+** "possible" means destination after original range, or smaller
+** than origin, or copying to another table.
+*/
+static int tmove (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_Integer f = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
+ lua_Integer e = luaL_checkinteger(L, 3);
+ lua_Integer t = luaL_checkinteger(L, 4);
+ int tt = !lua_isnoneornil(L, 5) ? 5 : 1; /* destination table */
+ checktab(L, 1, TAB_R);
+ checktab(L, tt, TAB_W);
+ if (e >= f) { /* otherwise, nothing to move */
+ lua_Integer n, i;
+ luaL_argcheck(L, f > 0 || e < LUA_MAXINTEGER + f, 3,
+ "too many elements to move");
+ n = e - f + 1; /* number of elements to move */
+ luaL_argcheck(L, t <= LUA_MAXINTEGER - n + 1, 4,
+ "destination wrap around");
+ if (t > e || t <= f || (tt != 1 && !lua_compare(L, 1, tt, LUA_OPEQ))) {
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ lua_geti(L, 1, f + i);
+ lua_seti(L, tt, t + i);
+ }
+ }
+ else {
+ for (i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+ lua_geti(L, 1, f + i);
+ lua_seti(L, tt, t + i);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ lua_pushvalue(L, tt); /* return destination table */
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static void addfield (lua_State *L, luaL_Buffer *b, lua_Integer i) {
+ lua_geti(L, 1, i);
+ if (l_unlikely(!lua_isstring(L, -1)))
+ luaL_error(L, "invalid value (%s) at index %I in table for 'concat'",
+ luaL_typename(L, -1), (LUAI_UACINT)i);
+ luaL_addvalue(b);
+}
+
+
+static int tconcat (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_Buffer b;
+ lua_Integer last = aux_getn(L, 1, TAB_R);
+ size_t lsep;
+ const char *sep = luaL_optlstring(L, 2, "", &lsep);
+ lua_Integer i = luaL_optinteger(L, 3, 1);
+ last = luaL_optinteger(L, 4, last);
+ luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
+ for (; i < last; i++) {
+ addfield(L, &b, i);
+ luaL_addlstring(&b, sep, lsep);
+ }
+ if (i == last) /* add last value (if interval was not empty) */
+ addfield(L, &b, i);
+ luaL_pushresult(&b);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Pack/unpack
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+static int tpack (lua_State *L) {
+ int i;
+ int n = lua_gettop(L); /* number of elements to pack */
+ lua_createtable(L, n, 1); /* create result table */
+ lua_insert(L, 1); /* put it at index 1 */
+ for (i = n; i >= 1; i--) /* assign elements */
+ lua_seti(L, 1, i);
+ lua_pushinteger(L, n);
+ lua_setfield(L, 1, "n"); /* t.n = number of elements */
+ return 1; /* return table */
+}
+
+
+static int tunpack (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_Unsigned n;
+ lua_Integer i = luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1);
+ lua_Integer e = luaL_opt(L, luaL_checkinteger, 3, luaL_len(L, 1));
+ if (i > e) return 0; /* empty range */
+ n = (lua_Unsigned)e - i; /* number of elements minus 1 (avoid overflows) */
+ if (l_unlikely(n >= (unsigned int)INT_MAX ||
+ !lua_checkstack(L, (int)(++n))))
+ return luaL_error(L, "too many results to unpack");
+ for (; i < e; i++) { /* push arg[i..e - 1] (to avoid overflows) */
+ lua_geti(L, 1, i);
+ }
+ lua_geti(L, 1, e); /* push last element */
+ return (int)n;
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+
+/*
+** {======================================================
+** Quicksort
+** (based on 'Algorithms in MODULA-3', Robert Sedgewick;
+** Addison-Wesley, 1993.)
+** =======================================================
+*/
+
+
+/* type for array indices */
+typedef unsigned int IdxT;
+
+
+/*
+** Produce a "random" 'unsigned int' to randomize pivot choice. This
+** macro is used only when 'sort' detects a big imbalance in the result
+** of a partition. (If you don't want/need this "randomness", ~0 is a
+** good choice.)
+*/
+#if !defined(l_randomizePivot) /* { */
+
+#include
+
+/* size of 'e' measured in number of 'unsigned int's */
+#define sof(e) (sizeof(e) / sizeof(unsigned int))
+
+/*
+** Use 'time' and 'clock' as sources of "randomness". Because we don't
+** know the types 'clock_t' and 'time_t', we cannot cast them to
+** anything without risking overflows. A safe way to use their values
+** is to copy them to an array of a known type and use the array values.
+*/
+static unsigned int l_randomizePivot (void) {
+ clock_t c = clock();
+ time_t t = time(NULL);
+ unsigned int buff[sof(c) + sof(t)];
+ unsigned int i, rnd = 0;
+ memcpy(buff, &c, sof(c) * sizeof(unsigned int));
+ memcpy(buff + sof(c), &t, sof(t) * sizeof(unsigned int));
+ for (i = 0; i < sof(buff); i++)
+ rnd += buff[i];
+ return rnd;
+}
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+/* arrays larger than 'RANLIMIT' may use randomized pivots */
+#define RANLIMIT 100u
+
+
+static void set2 (lua_State *L, IdxT i, IdxT j) {
+ lua_seti(L, 1, i);
+ lua_seti(L, 1, j);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Return true iff value at stack index 'a' is less than the value at
+** index 'b' (according to the order of the sort).
+*/
+static int sort_comp (lua_State *L, int a, int b) {
+ if (lua_isnil(L, 2)) /* no function? */
+ return lua_compare(L, a, b, LUA_OPLT); /* a < b */
+ else { /* function */
+ int res;
+ lua_pushvalue(L, 2); /* push function */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, a-1); /* -1 to compensate function */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, b-2); /* -2 to compensate function and 'a' */
+ lua_call(L, 2, 1); /* call function */
+ res = lua_toboolean(L, -1); /* get result */
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop result */
+ return res;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Does the partition: Pivot P is at the top of the stack.
+** precondition: a[lo] <= P == a[up-1] <= a[up],
+** so it only needs to do the partition from lo + 1 to up - 2.
+** Pos-condition: a[lo .. i - 1] <= a[i] == P <= a[i + 1 .. up]
+** returns 'i'.
+*/
+static IdxT partition (lua_State *L, IdxT lo, IdxT up) {
+ IdxT i = lo; /* will be incremented before first use */
+ IdxT j = up - 1; /* will be decremented before first use */
+ /* loop invariant: a[lo .. i] <= P <= a[j .. up] */
+ for (;;) {
+ /* next loop: repeat ++i while a[i] < P */
+ while ((void)lua_geti(L, 1, ++i), sort_comp(L, -1, -2)) {
+ if (l_unlikely(i == up - 1)) /* a[i] < P but a[up - 1] == P ?? */
+ luaL_error(L, "invalid order function for sorting");
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove a[i] */
+ }
+ /* after the loop, a[i] >= P and a[lo .. i - 1] < P */
+ /* next loop: repeat --j while P < a[j] */
+ while ((void)lua_geti(L, 1, --j), sort_comp(L, -3, -1)) {
+ if (l_unlikely(j < i)) /* j < i but a[j] > P ?? */
+ luaL_error(L, "invalid order function for sorting");
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove a[j] */
+ }
+ /* after the loop, a[j] <= P and a[j + 1 .. up] >= P */
+ if (j < i) { /* no elements out of place? */
+ /* a[lo .. i - 1] <= P <= a[j + 1 .. i .. up] */
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* pop a[j] */
+ /* swap pivot (a[up - 1]) with a[i] to satisfy pos-condition */
+ set2(L, up - 1, i);
+ return i;
+ }
+ /* otherwise, swap a[i] - a[j] to restore invariant and repeat */
+ set2(L, i, j);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Choose an element in the middle (2nd-3th quarters) of [lo,up]
+** "randomized" by 'rnd'
+*/
+static IdxT choosePivot (IdxT lo, IdxT up, unsigned int rnd) {
+ IdxT r4 = (up - lo) / 4; /* range/4 */
+ IdxT p = rnd % (r4 * 2) + (lo + r4);
+ lua_assert(lo + r4 <= p && p <= up - r4);
+ return p;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Quicksort algorithm (recursive function)
+*/
+static void auxsort (lua_State *L, IdxT lo, IdxT up,
+ unsigned int rnd) {
+ while (lo < up) { /* loop for tail recursion */
+ IdxT p; /* Pivot index */
+ IdxT n; /* to be used later */
+ /* sort elements 'lo', 'p', and 'up' */
+ lua_geti(L, 1, lo);
+ lua_geti(L, 1, up);
+ if (sort_comp(L, -1, -2)) /* a[up] < a[lo]? */
+ set2(L, lo, up); /* swap a[lo] - a[up] */
+ else
+ lua_pop(L, 2); /* remove both values */
+ if (up - lo == 1) /* only 2 elements? */
+ return; /* already sorted */
+ if (up - lo < RANLIMIT || rnd == 0) /* small interval or no randomize? */
+ p = (lo + up)/2; /* middle element is a good pivot */
+ else /* for larger intervals, it is worth a random pivot */
+ p = choosePivot(lo, up, rnd);
+ lua_geti(L, 1, p);
+ lua_geti(L, 1, lo);
+ if (sort_comp(L, -2, -1)) /* a[p] < a[lo]? */
+ set2(L, p, lo); /* swap a[p] - a[lo] */
+ else {
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove a[lo] */
+ lua_geti(L, 1, up);
+ if (sort_comp(L, -1, -2)) /* a[up] < a[p]? */
+ set2(L, p, up); /* swap a[up] - a[p] */
+ else
+ lua_pop(L, 2);
+ }
+ if (up - lo == 2) /* only 3 elements? */
+ return; /* already sorted */
+ lua_geti(L, 1, p); /* get middle element (Pivot) */
+ lua_pushvalue(L, -1); /* push Pivot */
+ lua_geti(L, 1, up - 1); /* push a[up - 1] */
+ set2(L, p, up - 1); /* swap Pivot (a[p]) with a[up - 1] */
+ p = partition(L, lo, up);
+ /* a[lo .. p - 1] <= a[p] == P <= a[p + 1 .. up] */
+ if (p - lo < up - p) { /* lower interval is smaller? */
+ auxsort(L, lo, p - 1, rnd); /* call recursively for lower interval */
+ n = p - lo; /* size of smaller interval */
+ lo = p + 1; /* tail call for [p + 1 .. up] (upper interval) */
+ }
+ else {
+ auxsort(L, p + 1, up, rnd); /* call recursively for upper interval */
+ n = up - p; /* size of smaller interval */
+ up = p - 1; /* tail call for [lo .. p - 1] (lower interval) */
+ }
+ if ((up - lo) / 128 > n) /* partition too imbalanced? */
+ rnd = l_randomizePivot(); /* try a new randomization */
+ } /* tail call auxsort(L, lo, up, rnd) */
+}
+
+
+static int sort (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_Integer n = aux_getn(L, 1, TAB_RW);
+ if (n > 1) { /* non-trivial interval? */
+ luaL_argcheck(L, n < INT_MAX, 1, "array too big");
+ if (!lua_isnoneornil(L, 2)) /* is there a 2nd argument? */
+ luaL_checktype(L, 2, LUA_TFUNCTION); /* must be a function */
+ lua_settop(L, 2); /* make sure there are two arguments */
+ auxsort(L, 1, (IdxT)n, 0);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+/* }====================================================== */
+
+
+static const luaL_Reg tab_funcs[] = {
+ {"concat", tconcat},
+ {"insert", tinsert},
+ {"pack", tpack},
+ {"unpack", tunpack},
+ {"remove", tremove},
+ {"move", tmove},
+ {"sort", sort},
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+
+LUAMOD_API int luaopen_table (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_newlib(L, tab_funcs);
+ return 1;
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/ltm.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/ltm.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..07a0608
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/ltm.c
@@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
+/*
+** $Id: ltm.c $
+** Tag methods
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define ltm_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h"
+#include "lgc.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+#include "lstring.h"
+#include "ltable.h"
+#include "ltm.h"
+#include "lvm.h"
+
+
+static const char udatatypename[] = "userdata";
+
+LUAI_DDEF const char *const luaT_typenames_[LUA_TOTALTYPES] = {
+ "no value",
+ "nil", "boolean", udatatypename, "number",
+ "string", "table", "function", udatatypename, "thread",
+ "upvalue", "proto" /* these last cases are used for tests only */
+};
+
+
+void luaT_init (lua_State *L) {
+ static const char *const luaT_eventname[] = { /* ORDER TM */
+ "__index", "__newindex",
+ "__gc", "__mode", "__len", "__eq",
+ "__add", "__sub", "__mul", "__mod", "__pow",
+ "__div", "__idiv",
+ "__band", "__bor", "__bxor", "__shl", "__shr",
+ "__unm", "__bnot", "__lt", "__le",
+ "__concat", "__call", "__close"
+ };
+ int i;
+ for (i=0; itmname[i] = luaS_new(L, luaT_eventname[i]);
+ luaC_fix(L, obj2gco(G(L)->tmname[i])); /* never collect these names */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** function to be used with macro "fasttm": optimized for absence of
+** tag methods
+*/
+const TValue *luaT_gettm (Table *events, TMS event, TString *ename) {
+ const TValue *tm = luaH_getshortstr(events, ename);
+ lua_assert(event <= TM_EQ);
+ if (notm(tm)) { /* no tag method? */
+ events->flags |= cast_byte(1u<metatable;
+ break;
+ case LUA_TUSERDATA:
+ mt = uvalue(o)->metatable;
+ break;
+ default:
+ mt = G(L)->mt[ttype(o)];
+ }
+ return (mt ? luaH_getshortstr(mt, G(L)->tmname[event]) : &G(L)->nilvalue);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Return the name of the type of an object. For tables and userdata
+** with metatable, use their '__name' metafield, if present.
+*/
+const char *luaT_objtypename (lua_State *L, const TValue *o) {
+ Table *mt;
+ if ((ttistable(o) && (mt = hvalue(o)->metatable) != NULL) ||
+ (ttisfulluserdata(o) && (mt = uvalue(o)->metatable) != NULL)) {
+ const TValue *name = luaH_getshortstr(mt, luaS_new(L, "__name"));
+ if (ttisstring(name)) /* is '__name' a string? */
+ return getstr(tsvalue(name)); /* use it as type name */
+ }
+ return ttypename(ttype(o)); /* else use standard type name */
+}
+
+
+void luaT_callTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *f, const TValue *p1,
+ const TValue *p2, const TValue *p3) {
+ StkId func = L->top.p;
+ setobj2s(L, func, f); /* push function (assume EXTRA_STACK) */
+ setobj2s(L, func + 1, p1); /* 1st argument */
+ setobj2s(L, func + 2, p2); /* 2nd argument */
+ setobj2s(L, func + 3, p3); /* 3rd argument */
+ L->top.p = func + 4;
+ /* metamethod may yield only when called from Lua code */
+ if (isLuacode(L->ci))
+ luaD_call(L, func, 0);
+ else
+ luaD_callnoyield(L, func, 0);
+}
+
+
+void luaT_callTMres (lua_State *L, const TValue *f, const TValue *p1,
+ const TValue *p2, StkId res) {
+ ptrdiff_t result = savestack(L, res);
+ StkId func = L->top.p;
+ setobj2s(L, func, f); /* push function (assume EXTRA_STACK) */
+ setobj2s(L, func + 1, p1); /* 1st argument */
+ setobj2s(L, func + 2, p2); /* 2nd argument */
+ L->top.p += 3;
+ /* metamethod may yield only when called from Lua code */
+ if (isLuacode(L->ci))
+ luaD_call(L, func, 1);
+ else
+ luaD_callnoyield(L, func, 1);
+ res = restorestack(L, result);
+ setobjs2s(L, res, --L->top.p); /* move result to its place */
+}
+
+
+static int callbinTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2,
+ StkId res, TMS event) {
+ const TValue *tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, p1, event); /* try first operand */
+ if (notm(tm))
+ tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, p2, event); /* try second operand */
+ if (notm(tm)) return 0;
+ luaT_callTMres(L, tm, p1, p2, res);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+void luaT_trybinTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2,
+ StkId res, TMS event) {
+ if (l_unlikely(!callbinTM(L, p1, p2, res, event))) {
+ switch (event) {
+ case TM_BAND: case TM_BOR: case TM_BXOR:
+ case TM_SHL: case TM_SHR: case TM_BNOT: {
+ if (ttisnumber(p1) && ttisnumber(p2))
+ luaG_tointerror(L, p1, p2);
+ else
+ luaG_opinterror(L, p1, p2, "perform bitwise operation on");
+ }
+ /* calls never return, but to avoid warnings: *//* FALLTHROUGH */
+ default:
+ luaG_opinterror(L, p1, p2, "perform arithmetic on");
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+void luaT_tryconcatTM (lua_State *L) {
+ StkId top = L->top.p;
+ if (l_unlikely(!callbinTM(L, s2v(top - 2), s2v(top - 1), top - 2,
+ TM_CONCAT)))
+ luaG_concaterror(L, s2v(top - 2), s2v(top - 1));
+}
+
+
+void luaT_trybinassocTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2,
+ int flip, StkId res, TMS event) {
+ if (flip)
+ luaT_trybinTM(L, p2, p1, res, event);
+ else
+ luaT_trybinTM(L, p1, p2, res, event);
+}
+
+
+void luaT_trybiniTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, lua_Integer i2,
+ int flip, StkId res, TMS event) {
+ TValue aux;
+ setivalue(&aux, i2);
+ luaT_trybinassocTM(L, p1, &aux, flip, res, event);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Calls an order tag method.
+** For lessequal, LUA_COMPAT_LT_LE keeps compatibility with old
+** behavior: if there is no '__le', try '__lt', based on l <= r iff
+** !(r < l) (assuming a total order). If the metamethod yields during
+** this substitution, the continuation has to know about it (to negate
+** the result of rtop.p, event)) /* try original event */
+ return !l_isfalse(s2v(L->top.p));
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_LT_LE)
+ else if (event == TM_LE) {
+ /* try '!(p2 < p1)' for '(p1 <= p2)' */
+ L->ci->callstatus |= CIST_LEQ; /* mark it is doing 'lt' for 'le' */
+ if (callbinTM(L, p2, p1, L->top.p, TM_LT)) {
+ L->ci->callstatus ^= CIST_LEQ; /* clear mark */
+ return l_isfalse(s2v(L->top.p));
+ }
+ /* else error will remove this 'ci'; no need to clear mark */
+ }
+#endif
+ luaG_ordererror(L, p1, p2); /* no metamethod found */
+ return 0; /* to avoid warnings */
+}
+
+
+int luaT_callorderiTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, int v2,
+ int flip, int isfloat, TMS event) {
+ TValue aux; const TValue *p2;
+ if (isfloat) {
+ setfltvalue(&aux, cast_num(v2));
+ }
+ else
+ setivalue(&aux, v2);
+ if (flip) { /* arguments were exchanged? */
+ p2 = p1; p1 = &aux; /* correct them */
+ }
+ else
+ p2 = &aux;
+ return luaT_callorderTM(L, p1, p2, event);
+}
+
+
+void luaT_adjustvarargs (lua_State *L, int nfixparams, CallInfo *ci,
+ const Proto *p) {
+ int i;
+ int actual = cast_int(L->top.p - ci->func.p) - 1; /* number of arguments */
+ int nextra = actual - nfixparams; /* number of extra arguments */
+ ci->u.l.nextraargs = nextra;
+ luaD_checkstack(L, p->maxstacksize + 1);
+ /* copy function to the top of the stack */
+ setobjs2s(L, L->top.p++, ci->func.p);
+ /* move fixed parameters to the top of the stack */
+ for (i = 1; i <= nfixparams; i++) {
+ setobjs2s(L, L->top.p++, ci->func.p + i);
+ setnilvalue(s2v(ci->func.p + i)); /* erase original parameter (for GC) */
+ }
+ ci->func.p += actual + 1;
+ ci->top.p += actual + 1;
+ lua_assert(L->top.p <= ci->top.p && ci->top.p <= L->stack_last.p);
+}
+
+
+void luaT_getvarargs (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci, StkId where, int wanted) {
+ int i;
+ int nextra = ci->u.l.nextraargs;
+ if (wanted < 0) {
+ wanted = nextra; /* get all extra arguments available */
+ checkstackGCp(L, nextra, where); /* ensure stack space */
+ L->top.p = where + nextra; /* next instruction will need top */
+ }
+ for (i = 0; i < wanted && i < nextra; i++)
+ setobjs2s(L, where + i, ci->func.p - nextra + i);
+ for (; i < wanted; i++) /* complete required results with nil */
+ setnilvalue(s2v(where + i));
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/ltm.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/ltm.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c309e2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/ltm.h
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+/*
+** $Id: ltm.h $
+** Tag methods
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef ltm_h
+#define ltm_h
+
+
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+
+
+/*
+* WARNING: if you change the order of this enumeration,
+* grep "ORDER TM" and "ORDER OP"
+*/
+typedef enum {
+ TM_INDEX,
+ TM_NEWINDEX,
+ TM_GC,
+ TM_MODE,
+ TM_LEN,
+ TM_EQ, /* last tag method with fast access */
+ TM_ADD,
+ TM_SUB,
+ TM_MUL,
+ TM_MOD,
+ TM_POW,
+ TM_DIV,
+ TM_IDIV,
+ TM_BAND,
+ TM_BOR,
+ TM_BXOR,
+ TM_SHL,
+ TM_SHR,
+ TM_UNM,
+ TM_BNOT,
+ TM_LT,
+ TM_LE,
+ TM_CONCAT,
+ TM_CALL,
+ TM_CLOSE,
+ TM_N /* number of elements in the enum */
+} TMS;
+
+
+/*
+** Mask with 1 in all fast-access methods. A 1 in any of these bits
+** in the flag of a (meta)table means the metatable does not have the
+** corresponding metamethod field. (Bit 7 of the flag is used for
+** 'isrealasize'.)
+*/
+#define maskflags (~(~0u << (TM_EQ + 1)))
+
+
+/*
+** Test whether there is no tagmethod.
+** (Because tagmethods use raw accesses, the result may be an "empty" nil.)
+*/
+#define notm(tm) ttisnil(tm)
+
+
+#define gfasttm(g,et,e) ((et) == NULL ? NULL : \
+ ((et)->flags & (1u<<(e))) ? NULL : luaT_gettm(et, e, (g)->tmname[e]))
+
+#define fasttm(l,et,e) gfasttm(G(l), et, e)
+
+#define ttypename(x) luaT_typenames_[(x) + 1]
+
+LUAI_DDEC(const char *const luaT_typenames_[LUA_TOTALTYPES];)
+
+
+LUAI_FUNC const char *luaT_objtypename (lua_State *L, const TValue *o);
+
+LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaT_gettm (Table *events, TMS event, TString *ename);
+LUAI_FUNC const TValue *luaT_gettmbyobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *o,
+ TMS event);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaT_init (lua_State *L);
+
+LUAI_FUNC void luaT_callTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *f, const TValue *p1,
+ const TValue *p2, const TValue *p3);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaT_callTMres (lua_State *L, const TValue *f,
+ const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2, StkId p3);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaT_trybinTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, const TValue *p2,
+ StkId res, TMS event);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaT_tryconcatTM (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaT_trybinassocTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
+ const TValue *p2, int inv, StkId res, TMS event);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaT_trybiniTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, lua_Integer i2,
+ int inv, StkId res, TMS event);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaT_callorderTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1,
+ const TValue *p2, TMS event);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaT_callorderiTM (lua_State *L, const TValue *p1, int v2,
+ int inv, int isfloat, TMS event);
+
+LUAI_FUNC void luaT_adjustvarargs (lua_State *L, int nfixparams,
+ CallInfo *ci, const Proto *p);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaT_getvarargs (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci,
+ StkId where, int wanted);
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lua.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lua.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ff8845
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lua.c
@@ -0,0 +1,679 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lua.c $
+** Lua stand-alone interpreter
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lua_c
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lauxlib.h"
+#include "lualib.h"
+
+
+#if !defined(LUA_PROGNAME)
+#define LUA_PROGNAME "lua"
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(LUA_INIT_VAR)
+#define LUA_INIT_VAR "LUA_INIT"
+#endif
+
+#define LUA_INITVARVERSION LUA_INIT_VAR LUA_VERSUFFIX
+
+
+static lua_State *globalL = NULL;
+
+static const char *progname = LUA_PROGNAME;
+
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* { */
+
+/*
+** Use 'sigaction' when available.
+*/
+static void setsignal (int sig, void (*handler)(int)) {
+ struct sigaction sa;
+ sa.sa_handler = handler;
+ sa.sa_flags = 0;
+ sigemptyset(&sa.sa_mask); /* do not mask any signal */
+ sigaction(sig, &sa, NULL);
+}
+
+#else /* }{ */
+
+#define setsignal signal
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+/*
+** Hook set by signal function to stop the interpreter.
+*/
+static void lstop (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar) {
+ (void)ar; /* unused arg. */
+ lua_sethook(L, NULL, 0, 0); /* reset hook */
+ luaL_error(L, "interrupted!");
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Function to be called at a C signal. Because a C signal cannot
+** just change a Lua state (as there is no proper synchronization),
+** this function only sets a hook that, when called, will stop the
+** interpreter.
+*/
+static void laction (int i) {
+ int flag = LUA_MASKCALL | LUA_MASKRET | LUA_MASKLINE | LUA_MASKCOUNT;
+ setsignal(i, SIG_DFL); /* if another SIGINT happens, terminate process */
+ lua_sethook(globalL, lstop, flag, 1);
+}
+
+
+static void print_usage (const char *badoption) {
+ lua_writestringerror("%s: ", progname);
+ if (badoption[1] == 'e' || badoption[1] == 'l')
+ lua_writestringerror("'%s' needs argument\n", badoption);
+ else
+ lua_writestringerror("unrecognized option '%s'\n", badoption);
+ lua_writestringerror(
+ "usage: %s [options] [script [args]]\n"
+ "Available options are:\n"
+ " -e stat execute string 'stat'\n"
+ " -i enter interactive mode after executing 'script'\n"
+ " -l mod require library 'mod' into global 'mod'\n"
+ " -l g=mod require library 'mod' into global 'g'\n"
+ " -v show version information\n"
+ " -E ignore environment variables\n"
+ " -W turn warnings on\n"
+ " -- stop handling options\n"
+ " - stop handling options and execute stdin\n"
+ ,
+ progname);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Prints an error message, adding the program name in front of it
+** (if present)
+*/
+static void l_message (const char *pname, const char *msg) {
+ if (pname) lua_writestringerror("%s: ", pname);
+ lua_writestringerror("%s\n", msg);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether 'status' is not OK and, if so, prints the error
+** message on the top of the stack. It assumes that the error object
+** is a string, as it was either generated by Lua or by 'msghandler'.
+*/
+static int report (lua_State *L, int status) {
+ if (status != LUA_OK) {
+ const char *msg = lua_tostring(L, -1);
+ l_message(progname, msg);
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove message */
+ }
+ return status;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Message handler used to run all chunks
+*/
+static int msghandler (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *msg = lua_tostring(L, 1);
+ if (msg == NULL) { /* is error object not a string? */
+ if (luaL_callmeta(L, 1, "__tostring") && /* does it have a metamethod */
+ lua_type(L, -1) == LUA_TSTRING) /* that produces a string? */
+ return 1; /* that is the message */
+ else
+ msg = lua_pushfstring(L, "(error object is a %s value)",
+ luaL_typename(L, 1));
+ }
+ luaL_traceback(L, L, msg, 1); /* append a standard traceback */
+ return 1; /* return the traceback */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Interface to 'lua_pcall', which sets appropriate message function
+** and C-signal handler. Used to run all chunks.
+*/
+static int docall (lua_State *L, int narg, int nres) {
+ int status;
+ int base = lua_gettop(L) - narg; /* function index */
+ lua_pushcfunction(L, msghandler); /* push message handler */
+ lua_insert(L, base); /* put it under function and args */
+ globalL = L; /* to be available to 'laction' */
+ setsignal(SIGINT, laction); /* set C-signal handler */
+ status = lua_pcall(L, narg, nres, base);
+ setsignal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL); /* reset C-signal handler */
+ lua_remove(L, base); /* remove message handler from the stack */
+ return status;
+}
+
+
+static void print_version (void) {
+ lua_writestring(LUA_COPYRIGHT, strlen(LUA_COPYRIGHT));
+ lua_writeline();
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Create the 'arg' table, which stores all arguments from the
+** command line ('argv'). It should be aligned so that, at index 0,
+** it has 'argv[script]', which is the script name. The arguments
+** to the script (everything after 'script') go to positive indices;
+** other arguments (before the script name) go to negative indices.
+** If there is no script name, assume interpreter's name as base.
+** (If there is no interpreter's name either, 'script' is -1, so
+** table sizes are zero.)
+*/
+static void createargtable (lua_State *L, char **argv, int argc, int script) {
+ int i, narg;
+ narg = argc - (script + 1); /* number of positive indices */
+ lua_createtable(L, narg, script + 1);
+ for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+ lua_pushstring(L, argv[i]);
+ lua_rawseti(L, -2, i - script);
+ }
+ lua_setglobal(L, "arg");
+}
+
+
+static int dochunk (lua_State *L, int status) {
+ if (status == LUA_OK) status = docall(L, 0, 0);
+ return report(L, status);
+}
+
+
+static int dofile (lua_State *L, const char *name) {
+ return dochunk(L, luaL_loadfile(L, name));
+}
+
+
+static int dostring (lua_State *L, const char *s, const char *name) {
+ return dochunk(L, luaL_loadbuffer(L, s, strlen(s), name));
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Receives 'globname[=modname]' and runs 'globname = require(modname)'.
+*/
+static int dolibrary (lua_State *L, char *globname) {
+ int status;
+ char *modname = strchr(globname, '=');
+ if (modname == NULL) /* no explicit name? */
+ modname = globname; /* module name is equal to global name */
+ else {
+ *modname = '\0'; /* global name ends here */
+ modname++; /* module name starts after the '=' */
+ }
+ lua_getglobal(L, "require");
+ lua_pushstring(L, modname);
+ status = docall(L, 1, 1); /* call 'require(modname)' */
+ if (status == LUA_OK)
+ lua_setglobal(L, globname); /* globname = require(modname) */
+ return report(L, status);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Push on the stack the contents of table 'arg' from 1 to #arg
+*/
+static int pushargs (lua_State *L) {
+ int i, n;
+ if (lua_getglobal(L, "arg") != LUA_TTABLE)
+ luaL_error(L, "'arg' is not a table");
+ n = (int)luaL_len(L, -1);
+ luaL_checkstack(L, n + 3, "too many arguments to script");
+ for (i = 1; i <= n; i++)
+ lua_rawgeti(L, -i, i);
+ lua_remove(L, -i); /* remove table from the stack */
+ return n;
+}
+
+
+static int handle_script (lua_State *L, char **argv) {
+ int status;
+ const char *fname = argv[0];
+ if (strcmp(fname, "-") == 0 && strcmp(argv[-1], "--") != 0)
+ fname = NULL; /* stdin */
+ status = luaL_loadfile(L, fname);
+ if (status == LUA_OK) {
+ int n = pushargs(L); /* push arguments to script */
+ status = docall(L, n, LUA_MULTRET);
+ }
+ return report(L, status);
+}
+
+
+/* bits of various argument indicators in 'args' */
+#define has_error 1 /* bad option */
+#define has_i 2 /* -i */
+#define has_v 4 /* -v */
+#define has_e 8 /* -e */
+#define has_E 16 /* -E */
+
+
+/*
+** Traverses all arguments from 'argv', returning a mask with those
+** needed before running any Lua code or an error code if it finds any
+** invalid argument. In case of error, 'first' is the index of the bad
+** argument. Otherwise, 'first' is -1 if there is no program name,
+** 0 if there is no script name, or the index of the script name.
+*/
+static int collectargs (char **argv, int *first) {
+ int args = 0;
+ int i;
+ if (argv[0] != NULL) { /* is there a program name? */
+ if (argv[0][0]) /* not empty? */
+ progname = argv[0]; /* save it */
+ }
+ else { /* no program name */
+ *first = -1;
+ return 0;
+ }
+ for (i = 1; argv[i] != NULL; i++) { /* handle arguments */
+ *first = i;
+ if (argv[i][0] != '-') /* not an option? */
+ return args; /* stop handling options */
+ switch (argv[i][1]) { /* else check option */
+ case '-': /* '--' */
+ if (argv[i][2] != '\0') /* extra characters after '--'? */
+ return has_error; /* invalid option */
+ *first = i + 1;
+ return args;
+ case '\0': /* '-' */
+ return args; /* script "name" is '-' */
+ case 'E':
+ if (argv[i][2] != '\0') /* extra characters? */
+ return has_error; /* invalid option */
+ args |= has_E;
+ break;
+ case 'W':
+ if (argv[i][2] != '\0') /* extra characters? */
+ return has_error; /* invalid option */
+ break;
+ case 'i':
+ args |= has_i; /* (-i implies -v) *//* FALLTHROUGH */
+ case 'v':
+ if (argv[i][2] != '\0') /* extra characters? */
+ return has_error; /* invalid option */
+ args |= has_v;
+ break;
+ case 'e':
+ args |= has_e; /* FALLTHROUGH */
+ case 'l': /* both options need an argument */
+ if (argv[i][2] == '\0') { /* no concatenated argument? */
+ i++; /* try next 'argv' */
+ if (argv[i] == NULL || argv[i][0] == '-')
+ return has_error; /* no next argument or it is another option */
+ }
+ break;
+ default: /* invalid option */
+ return has_error;
+ }
+ }
+ *first = 0; /* no script name */
+ return args;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Processes options 'e' and 'l', which involve running Lua code, and
+** 'W', which also affects the state.
+** Returns 0 if some code raises an error.
+*/
+static int runargs (lua_State *L, char **argv, int n) {
+ int i;
+ for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
+ int option = argv[i][1];
+ lua_assert(argv[i][0] == '-'); /* already checked */
+ switch (option) {
+ case 'e': case 'l': {
+ int status;
+ char *extra = argv[i] + 2; /* both options need an argument */
+ if (*extra == '\0') extra = argv[++i];
+ lua_assert(extra != NULL);
+ status = (option == 'e')
+ ? dostring(L, extra, "=(command line)")
+ : dolibrary(L, extra);
+ if (status != LUA_OK) return 0;
+ break;
+ }
+ case 'W':
+ lua_warning(L, "@on", 0); /* warnings on */
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int handle_luainit (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *name = "=" LUA_INITVARVERSION;
+ const char *init = getenv(name + 1);
+ if (init == NULL) {
+ name = "=" LUA_INIT_VAR;
+ init = getenv(name + 1); /* try alternative name */
+ }
+ if (init == NULL) return LUA_OK;
+ else if (init[0] == '@')
+ return dofile(L, init+1);
+ else
+ return dostring(L, init, name);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Read-Eval-Print Loop (REPL)
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+#if !defined(LUA_PROMPT)
+#define LUA_PROMPT "> "
+#define LUA_PROMPT2 ">> "
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(LUA_MAXINPUT)
+#define LUA_MAXINPUT 512
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** lua_stdin_is_tty detects whether the standard input is a 'tty' (that
+** is, whether we're running lua interactively).
+*/
+#if !defined(lua_stdin_is_tty) /* { */
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_POSIX) /* { */
+
+#include
+#define lua_stdin_is_tty() isatty(0)
+
+#elif defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS) /* }{ */
+
+#include
+#include
+
+#define lua_stdin_is_tty() _isatty(_fileno(stdin))
+
+#else /* }{ */
+
+/* ISO C definition */
+#define lua_stdin_is_tty() 1 /* assume stdin is a tty */
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+/*
+** lua_readline defines how to show a prompt and then read a line from
+** the standard input.
+** lua_saveline defines how to "save" a read line in a "history".
+** lua_freeline defines how to free a line read by lua_readline.
+*/
+#if !defined(lua_readline) /* { */
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_READLINE) /* { */
+
+#include
+#include
+#define lua_initreadline(L) ((void)L, rl_readline_name="lua")
+#define lua_readline(L,b,p) ((void)L, ((b)=readline(p)) != NULL)
+#define lua_saveline(L,line) ((void)L, add_history(line))
+#define lua_freeline(L,b) ((void)L, free(b))
+
+#else /* }{ */
+
+#define lua_initreadline(L) ((void)L)
+#define lua_readline(L,b,p) \
+ ((void)L, fputs(p, stdout), fflush(stdout), /* show prompt */ \
+ fgets(b, LUA_MAXINPUT, stdin) != NULL) /* get line */
+#define lua_saveline(L,line) { (void)L; (void)line; }
+#define lua_freeline(L,b) { (void)L; (void)b; }
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+/*
+** Return the string to be used as a prompt by the interpreter. Leave
+** the string (or nil, if using the default value) on the stack, to keep
+** it anchored.
+*/
+static const char *get_prompt (lua_State *L, int firstline) {
+ if (lua_getglobal(L, firstline ? "_PROMPT" : "_PROMPT2") == LUA_TNIL)
+ return (firstline ? LUA_PROMPT : LUA_PROMPT2); /* use the default */
+ else { /* apply 'tostring' over the value */
+ const char *p = luaL_tolstring(L, -1, NULL);
+ lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove original value */
+ return p;
+ }
+}
+
+/* mark in error messages for incomplete statements */
+#define EOFMARK ""
+#define marklen (sizeof(EOFMARK)/sizeof(char) - 1)
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether 'status' signals a syntax error and the error
+** message at the top of the stack ends with the above mark for
+** incomplete statements.
+*/
+static int incomplete (lua_State *L, int status) {
+ if (status == LUA_ERRSYNTAX) {
+ size_t lmsg;
+ const char *msg = lua_tolstring(L, -1, &lmsg);
+ if (lmsg >= marklen && strcmp(msg + lmsg - marklen, EOFMARK) == 0) {
+ lua_pop(L, 1);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ }
+ return 0; /* else... */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Prompt the user, read a line, and push it into the Lua stack.
+*/
+static int pushline (lua_State *L, int firstline) {
+ char buffer[LUA_MAXINPUT];
+ char *b = buffer;
+ size_t l;
+ const char *prmt = get_prompt(L, firstline);
+ int readstatus = lua_readline(L, b, prmt);
+ if (readstatus == 0)
+ return 0; /* no input (prompt will be popped by caller) */
+ lua_pop(L, 1); /* remove prompt */
+ l = strlen(b);
+ if (l > 0 && b[l-1] == '\n') /* line ends with newline? */
+ b[--l] = '\0'; /* remove it */
+ if (firstline && b[0] == '=') /* for compatibility with 5.2, ... */
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "return %s", b + 1); /* change '=' to 'return' */
+ else
+ lua_pushlstring(L, b, l);
+ lua_freeline(L, b);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Try to compile line on the stack as 'return ;'; on return, stack
+** has either compiled chunk or original line (if compilation failed).
+*/
+static int addreturn (lua_State *L) {
+ const char *line = lua_tostring(L, -1); /* original line */
+ const char *retline = lua_pushfstring(L, "return %s;", line);
+ int status = luaL_loadbuffer(L, retline, strlen(retline), "=stdin");
+ if (status == LUA_OK) {
+ lua_remove(L, -2); /* remove modified line */
+ if (line[0] != '\0') /* non empty? */
+ lua_saveline(L, line); /* keep history */
+ }
+ else
+ lua_pop(L, 2); /* pop result from 'luaL_loadbuffer' and modified line */
+ return status;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Read multiple lines until a complete Lua statement
+*/
+static int multiline (lua_State *L) {
+ for (;;) { /* repeat until gets a complete statement */
+ size_t len;
+ const char *line = lua_tolstring(L, 1, &len); /* get what it has */
+ int status = luaL_loadbuffer(L, line, len, "=stdin"); /* try it */
+ if (!incomplete(L, status) || !pushline(L, 0)) {
+ lua_saveline(L, line); /* keep history */
+ return status; /* cannot or should not try to add continuation line */
+ }
+ lua_pushliteral(L, "\n"); /* add newline... */
+ lua_insert(L, -2); /* ...between the two lines */
+ lua_concat(L, 3); /* join them */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Read a line and try to load (compile) it first as an expression (by
+** adding "return " in front of it) and second as a statement. Return
+** the final status of load/call with the resulting function (if any)
+** in the top of the stack.
+*/
+static int loadline (lua_State *L) {
+ int status;
+ lua_settop(L, 0);
+ if (!pushline(L, 1))
+ return -1; /* no input */
+ if ((status = addreturn(L)) != LUA_OK) /* 'return ...' did not work? */
+ status = multiline(L); /* try as command, maybe with continuation lines */
+ lua_remove(L, 1); /* remove line from the stack */
+ lua_assert(lua_gettop(L) == 1);
+ return status;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Prints (calling the Lua 'print' function) any values on the stack
+*/
+static void l_print (lua_State *L) {
+ int n = lua_gettop(L);
+ if (n > 0) { /* any result to be printed? */
+ luaL_checkstack(L, LUA_MINSTACK, "too many results to print");
+ lua_getglobal(L, "print");
+ lua_insert(L, 1);
+ if (lua_pcall(L, n, 0, 0) != LUA_OK)
+ l_message(progname, lua_pushfstring(L, "error calling 'print' (%s)",
+ lua_tostring(L, -1)));
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Do the REPL: repeatedly read (load) a line, evaluate (call) it, and
+** print any results.
+*/
+static void doREPL (lua_State *L) {
+ int status;
+ const char *oldprogname = progname;
+ progname = NULL; /* no 'progname' on errors in interactive mode */
+ lua_initreadline(L);
+ while ((status = loadline(L)) != -1) {
+ if (status == LUA_OK)
+ status = docall(L, 0, LUA_MULTRET);
+ if (status == LUA_OK) l_print(L);
+ else report(L, status);
+ }
+ lua_settop(L, 0); /* clear stack */
+ lua_writeline();
+ progname = oldprogname;
+}
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** Main body of stand-alone interpreter (to be called in protected mode).
+** Reads the options and handles them all.
+*/
+static int pmain (lua_State *L) {
+ int argc = (int)lua_tointeger(L, 1);
+ char **argv = (char **)lua_touserdata(L, 2);
+ int script;
+ int args = collectargs(argv, &script);
+ int optlim = (script > 0) ? script : argc; /* first argv not an option */
+ luaL_checkversion(L); /* check that interpreter has correct version */
+ if (args == has_error) { /* bad arg? */
+ print_usage(argv[script]); /* 'script' has index of bad arg. */
+ return 0;
+ }
+ if (args & has_v) /* option '-v'? */
+ print_version();
+ if (args & has_E) { /* option '-E'? */
+ lua_pushboolean(L, 1); /* signal for libraries to ignore env. vars. */
+ lua_setfield(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, "LUA_NOENV");
+ }
+ luaL_openlibs(L); /* open standard libraries */
+ createargtable(L, argv, argc, script); /* create table 'arg' */
+ lua_gc(L, LUA_GCRESTART); /* start GC... */
+ lua_gc(L, LUA_GCGEN, 0, 0); /* ...in generational mode */
+ if (!(args & has_E)) { /* no option '-E'? */
+ if (handle_luainit(L) != LUA_OK) /* run LUA_INIT */
+ return 0; /* error running LUA_INIT */
+ }
+ if (!runargs(L, argv, optlim)) /* execute arguments -e and -l */
+ return 0; /* something failed */
+ if (script > 0) { /* execute main script (if there is one) */
+ if (handle_script(L, argv + script) != LUA_OK)
+ return 0; /* interrupt in case of error */
+ }
+ if (args & has_i) /* -i option? */
+ doREPL(L); /* do read-eval-print loop */
+ else if (script < 1 && !(args & (has_e | has_v))) { /* no active option? */
+ if (lua_stdin_is_tty()) { /* running in interactive mode? */
+ print_version();
+ doREPL(L); /* do read-eval-print loop */
+ }
+ else dofile(L, NULL); /* executes stdin as a file */
+ }
+ lua_pushboolean(L, 1); /* signal no errors */
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+int main (int argc, char **argv) {
+ int status, result;
+ lua_State *L = luaL_newstate(); /* create state */
+ if (L == NULL) {
+ l_message(argv[0], "cannot create state: not enough memory");
+ return EXIT_FAILURE;
+ }
+ lua_gc(L, LUA_GCSTOP); /* stop GC while building state */
+ lua_pushcfunction(L, &pmain); /* to call 'pmain' in protected mode */
+ lua_pushinteger(L, argc); /* 1st argument */
+ lua_pushlightuserdata(L, argv); /* 2nd argument */
+ status = lua_pcall(L, 2, 1, 0); /* do the call */
+ result = lua_toboolean(L, -1); /* get result */
+ report(L, status);
+ lua_close(L);
+ return (result && status == LUA_OK) ? EXIT_SUCCESS : EXIT_FAILURE;
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lua.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lua.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01927c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lua.h
@@ -0,0 +1,522 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lua.h $
+** Lua - A Scripting Language
+** Lua.org, PUC-Rio, Brazil (http://www.lua.org)
+** See Copyright Notice at the end of this file
+*/
+
+
+#ifndef lua_h
+#define lua_h
+
+#include
+#include
+
+
+#include "luaconf.h"
+
+
+#define LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "5"
+#define LUA_VERSION_MINOR "4"
+#define LUA_VERSION_RELEASE "5"
+
+#define LUA_VERSION_NUM 504
+#define LUA_VERSION_RELEASE_NUM (LUA_VERSION_NUM * 100 + 5)
+
+#define LUA_VERSION "Lua " LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "." LUA_VERSION_MINOR
+#define LUA_RELEASE LUA_VERSION "." LUA_VERSION_RELEASE
+#define LUA_COPYRIGHT LUA_RELEASE " Copyright (C) 1994-2023 Lua.org, PUC-Rio"
+#define LUA_AUTHORS "R. Ierusalimschy, L. H. de Figueiredo, W. Celes"
+
+
+/* mark for precompiled code ('Lua') */
+#define LUA_SIGNATURE "\x1bLua"
+
+/* option for multiple returns in 'lua_pcall' and 'lua_call' */
+#define LUA_MULTRET (-1)
+
+
+/*
+** Pseudo-indices
+** (-LUAI_MAXSTACK is the minimum valid index; we keep some free empty
+** space after that to help overflow detection)
+*/
+#define LUA_REGISTRYINDEX (-LUAI_MAXSTACK - 1000)
+#define lua_upvalueindex(i) (LUA_REGISTRYINDEX - (i))
+
+
+/* thread status */
+#define LUA_OK 0
+#define LUA_YIELD 1
+#define LUA_ERRRUN 2
+#define LUA_ERRSYNTAX 3
+#define LUA_ERRMEM 4
+#define LUA_ERRERR 5
+
+
+typedef struct lua_State lua_State;
+
+
+/*
+** basic types
+*/
+#define LUA_TNONE (-1)
+
+#define LUA_TNIL 0
+#define LUA_TBOOLEAN 1
+#define LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA 2
+#define LUA_TNUMBER 3
+#define LUA_TSTRING 4
+#define LUA_TTABLE 5
+#define LUA_TFUNCTION 6
+#define LUA_TUSERDATA 7
+#define LUA_TTHREAD 8
+
+#define LUA_NUMTYPES 9
+
+
+
+/* minimum Lua stack available to a C function */
+#define LUA_MINSTACK 20
+
+
+/* predefined values in the registry */
+#define LUA_RIDX_MAINTHREAD 1
+#define LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS 2
+#define LUA_RIDX_LAST LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS
+
+
+/* type of numbers in Lua */
+typedef LUA_NUMBER lua_Number;
+
+
+/* type for integer functions */
+typedef LUA_INTEGER lua_Integer;
+
+/* unsigned integer type */
+typedef LUA_UNSIGNED lua_Unsigned;
+
+/* type for continuation-function contexts */
+typedef LUA_KCONTEXT lua_KContext;
+
+
+/*
+** Type for C functions registered with Lua
+*/
+typedef int (*lua_CFunction) (lua_State *L);
+
+/*
+** Type for continuation functions
+*/
+typedef int (*lua_KFunction) (lua_State *L, int status, lua_KContext ctx);
+
+
+/*
+** Type for functions that read/write blocks when loading/dumping Lua chunks
+*/
+typedef const char * (*lua_Reader) (lua_State *L, void *ud, size_t *sz);
+
+typedef int (*lua_Writer) (lua_State *L, const void *p, size_t sz, void *ud);
+
+
+/*
+** Type for memory-allocation functions
+*/
+typedef void * (*lua_Alloc) (void *ud, void *ptr, size_t osize, size_t nsize);
+
+
+/*
+** Type for warning functions
+*/
+typedef void (*lua_WarnFunction) (void *ud, const char *msg, int tocont);
+
+
+/*
+** Type used by the debug API to collect debug information
+*/
+typedef struct lua_Debug lua_Debug;
+
+
+/*
+** Functions to be called by the debugger in specific events
+*/
+typedef void (*lua_Hook) (lua_State *L, lua_Debug *ar);
+
+
+/*
+** generic extra include file
+*/
+#if defined(LUA_USER_H)
+#include LUA_USER_H
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** RCS ident string
+*/
+extern const char lua_ident[];
+
+
+/*
+** state manipulation
+*/
+LUA_API lua_State *(lua_newstate) (lua_Alloc f, void *ud);
+LUA_API void (lua_close) (lua_State *L);
+LUA_API lua_State *(lua_newthread) (lua_State *L);
+LUA_API int (lua_resetthread) (lua_State *L, lua_State *from);
+
+LUA_API lua_CFunction (lua_atpanic) (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction panicf);
+
+
+LUA_API lua_Number (lua_version) (lua_State *L);
+
+
+/*
+** basic stack manipulation
+*/
+LUA_API int (lua_absindex) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API int (lua_gettop) (lua_State *L);
+LUA_API void (lua_settop) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API void (lua_pushvalue) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API void (lua_rotate) (lua_State *L, int idx, int n);
+LUA_API void (lua_copy) (lua_State *L, int fromidx, int toidx);
+LUA_API int (lua_checkstack) (lua_State *L, int n);
+
+LUA_API void (lua_xmove) (lua_State *from, lua_State *to, int n);
+
+
+/*
+** access functions (stack -> C)
+*/
+
+LUA_API int (lua_isnumber) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API int (lua_isstring) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API int (lua_iscfunction) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API int (lua_isinteger) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API int (lua_isuserdata) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API int (lua_type) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API const char *(lua_typename) (lua_State *L, int tp);
+
+LUA_API lua_Number (lua_tonumberx) (lua_State *L, int idx, int *isnum);
+LUA_API lua_Integer (lua_tointegerx) (lua_State *L, int idx, int *isnum);
+LUA_API int (lua_toboolean) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API const char *(lua_tolstring) (lua_State *L, int idx, size_t *len);
+LUA_API lua_Unsigned (lua_rawlen) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API lua_CFunction (lua_tocfunction) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API void *(lua_touserdata) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API lua_State *(lua_tothread) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API const void *(lua_topointer) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+
+
+/*
+** Comparison and arithmetic functions
+*/
+
+#define LUA_OPADD 0 /* ORDER TM, ORDER OP */
+#define LUA_OPSUB 1
+#define LUA_OPMUL 2
+#define LUA_OPMOD 3
+#define LUA_OPPOW 4
+#define LUA_OPDIV 5
+#define LUA_OPIDIV 6
+#define LUA_OPBAND 7
+#define LUA_OPBOR 8
+#define LUA_OPBXOR 9
+#define LUA_OPSHL 10
+#define LUA_OPSHR 11
+#define LUA_OPUNM 12
+#define LUA_OPBNOT 13
+
+LUA_API void (lua_arith) (lua_State *L, int op);
+
+#define LUA_OPEQ 0
+#define LUA_OPLT 1
+#define LUA_OPLE 2
+
+LUA_API int (lua_rawequal) (lua_State *L, int idx1, int idx2);
+LUA_API int (lua_compare) (lua_State *L, int idx1, int idx2, int op);
+
+
+/*
+** push functions (C -> stack)
+*/
+LUA_API void (lua_pushnil) (lua_State *L);
+LUA_API void (lua_pushnumber) (lua_State *L, lua_Number n);
+LUA_API void (lua_pushinteger) (lua_State *L, lua_Integer n);
+LUA_API const char *(lua_pushlstring) (lua_State *L, const char *s, size_t len);
+LUA_API const char *(lua_pushstring) (lua_State *L, const char *s);
+LUA_API const char *(lua_pushvfstring) (lua_State *L, const char *fmt,
+ va_list argp);
+LUA_API const char *(lua_pushfstring) (lua_State *L, const char *fmt, ...);
+LUA_API void (lua_pushcclosure) (lua_State *L, lua_CFunction fn, int n);
+LUA_API void (lua_pushboolean) (lua_State *L, int b);
+LUA_API void (lua_pushlightuserdata) (lua_State *L, void *p);
+LUA_API int (lua_pushthread) (lua_State *L);
+
+
+/*
+** get functions (Lua -> stack)
+*/
+LUA_API int (lua_getglobal) (lua_State *L, const char *name);
+LUA_API int (lua_gettable) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API int (lua_getfield) (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k);
+LUA_API int (lua_geti) (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n);
+LUA_API int (lua_rawget) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API int (lua_rawgeti) (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n);
+LUA_API int (lua_rawgetp) (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p);
+
+LUA_API void (lua_createtable) (lua_State *L, int narr, int nrec);
+LUA_API void *(lua_newuserdatauv) (lua_State *L, size_t sz, int nuvalue);
+LUA_API int (lua_getmetatable) (lua_State *L, int objindex);
+LUA_API int (lua_getiuservalue) (lua_State *L, int idx, int n);
+
+
+/*
+** set functions (stack -> Lua)
+*/
+LUA_API void (lua_setglobal) (lua_State *L, const char *name);
+LUA_API void (lua_settable) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API void (lua_setfield) (lua_State *L, int idx, const char *k);
+LUA_API void (lua_seti) (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n);
+LUA_API void (lua_rawset) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API void (lua_rawseti) (lua_State *L, int idx, lua_Integer n);
+LUA_API void (lua_rawsetp) (lua_State *L, int idx, const void *p);
+LUA_API int (lua_setmetatable) (lua_State *L, int objindex);
+LUA_API int (lua_setiuservalue) (lua_State *L, int idx, int n);
+
+
+/*
+** 'load' and 'call' functions (load and run Lua code)
+*/
+LUA_API void (lua_callk) (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults,
+ lua_KContext ctx, lua_KFunction k);
+#define lua_call(L,n,r) lua_callk(L, (n), (r), 0, NULL)
+
+LUA_API int (lua_pcallk) (lua_State *L, int nargs, int nresults, int errfunc,
+ lua_KContext ctx, lua_KFunction k);
+#define lua_pcall(L,n,r,f) lua_pcallk(L, (n), (r), (f), 0, NULL)
+
+LUA_API int (lua_load) (lua_State *L, lua_Reader reader, void *dt,
+ const char *chunkname, const char *mode);
+
+LUA_API int (lua_dump) (lua_State *L, lua_Writer writer, void *data, int strip);
+
+
+/*
+** coroutine functions
+*/
+LUA_API int (lua_yieldk) (lua_State *L, int nresults, lua_KContext ctx,
+ lua_KFunction k);
+LUA_API int (lua_resume) (lua_State *L, lua_State *from, int narg,
+ int *nres);
+LUA_API int (lua_status) (lua_State *L);
+LUA_API int (lua_isyieldable) (lua_State *L);
+
+#define lua_yield(L,n) lua_yieldk(L, (n), 0, NULL)
+
+
+/*
+** Warning-related functions
+*/
+LUA_API void (lua_setwarnf) (lua_State *L, lua_WarnFunction f, void *ud);
+LUA_API void (lua_warning) (lua_State *L, const char *msg, int tocont);
+
+
+/*
+** garbage-collection function and options
+*/
+
+#define LUA_GCSTOP 0
+#define LUA_GCRESTART 1
+#define LUA_GCCOLLECT 2
+#define LUA_GCCOUNT 3
+#define LUA_GCCOUNTB 4
+#define LUA_GCSTEP 5
+#define LUA_GCSETPAUSE 6
+#define LUA_GCSETSTEPMUL 7
+#define LUA_GCISRUNNING 9
+#define LUA_GCGEN 10
+#define LUA_GCINC 11
+
+LUA_API int (lua_gc) (lua_State *L, int what, ...);
+
+
+/*
+** miscellaneous functions
+*/
+
+LUA_API int (lua_error) (lua_State *L);
+
+LUA_API int (lua_next) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+
+LUA_API void (lua_concat) (lua_State *L, int n);
+LUA_API void (lua_len) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+
+LUA_API size_t (lua_stringtonumber) (lua_State *L, const char *s);
+
+LUA_API lua_Alloc (lua_getallocf) (lua_State *L, void **ud);
+LUA_API void (lua_setallocf) (lua_State *L, lua_Alloc f, void *ud);
+
+LUA_API void (lua_toclose) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+LUA_API void (lua_closeslot) (lua_State *L, int idx);
+
+
+/*
+** {==============================================================
+** some useful macros
+** ===============================================================
+*/
+
+#define lua_getextraspace(L) ((void *)((char *)(L) - LUA_EXTRASPACE))
+
+#define lua_tonumber(L,i) lua_tonumberx(L,(i),NULL)
+#define lua_tointeger(L,i) lua_tointegerx(L,(i),NULL)
+
+#define lua_pop(L,n) lua_settop(L, -(n)-1)
+
+#define lua_newtable(L) lua_createtable(L, 0, 0)
+
+#define lua_register(L,n,f) (lua_pushcfunction(L, (f)), lua_setglobal(L, (n)))
+
+#define lua_pushcfunction(L,f) lua_pushcclosure(L, (f), 0)
+
+#define lua_isfunction(L,n) (lua_type(L, (n)) == LUA_TFUNCTION)
+#define lua_istable(L,n) (lua_type(L, (n)) == LUA_TTABLE)
+#define lua_islightuserdata(L,n) (lua_type(L, (n)) == LUA_TLIGHTUSERDATA)
+#define lua_isnil(L,n) (lua_type(L, (n)) == LUA_TNIL)
+#define lua_isboolean(L,n) (lua_type(L, (n)) == LUA_TBOOLEAN)
+#define lua_isthread(L,n) (lua_type(L, (n)) == LUA_TTHREAD)
+#define lua_isnone(L,n) (lua_type(L, (n)) == LUA_TNONE)
+#define lua_isnoneornil(L, n) (lua_type(L, (n)) <= 0)
+
+#define lua_pushliteral(L, s) lua_pushstring(L, "" s)
+
+#define lua_pushglobaltable(L) \
+ ((void)lua_rawgeti(L, LUA_REGISTRYINDEX, LUA_RIDX_GLOBALS))
+
+#define lua_tostring(L,i) lua_tolstring(L, (i), NULL)
+
+
+#define lua_insert(L,idx) lua_rotate(L, (idx), 1)
+
+#define lua_remove(L,idx) (lua_rotate(L, (idx), -1), lua_pop(L, 1))
+
+#define lua_replace(L,idx) (lua_copy(L, -1, (idx)), lua_pop(L, 1))
+
+/* }============================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==============================================================
+** compatibility macros
+** ===============================================================
+*/
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_APIINTCASTS)
+
+#define lua_pushunsigned(L,n) lua_pushinteger(L, (lua_Integer)(n))
+#define lua_tounsignedx(L,i,is) ((lua_Unsigned)lua_tointegerx(L,i,is))
+#define lua_tounsigned(L,i) lua_tounsignedx(L,(i),NULL)
+
+#endif
+
+#define lua_newuserdata(L,s) lua_newuserdatauv(L,s,1)
+#define lua_getuservalue(L,idx) lua_getiuservalue(L,idx,1)
+#define lua_setuservalue(L,idx) lua_setiuservalue(L,idx,1)
+
+#define LUA_NUMTAGS LUA_NUMTYPES
+
+/* }============================================================== */
+
+/*
+** {======================================================================
+** Debug API
+** =======================================================================
+*/
+
+
+/*
+** Event codes
+*/
+#define LUA_HOOKCALL 0
+#define LUA_HOOKRET 1
+#define LUA_HOOKLINE 2
+#define LUA_HOOKCOUNT 3
+#define LUA_HOOKTAILCALL 4
+
+
+/*
+** Event masks
+*/
+#define LUA_MASKCALL (1 << LUA_HOOKCALL)
+#define LUA_MASKRET (1 << LUA_HOOKRET)
+#define LUA_MASKLINE (1 << LUA_HOOKLINE)
+#define LUA_MASKCOUNT (1 << LUA_HOOKCOUNT)
+
+
+LUA_API int (lua_getstack) (lua_State *L, int level, lua_Debug *ar);
+LUA_API int (lua_getinfo) (lua_State *L, const char *what, lua_Debug *ar);
+LUA_API const char *(lua_getlocal) (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n);
+LUA_API const char *(lua_setlocal) (lua_State *L, const lua_Debug *ar, int n);
+LUA_API const char *(lua_getupvalue) (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n);
+LUA_API const char *(lua_setupvalue) (lua_State *L, int funcindex, int n);
+
+LUA_API void *(lua_upvalueid) (lua_State *L, int fidx, int n);
+LUA_API void (lua_upvaluejoin) (lua_State *L, int fidx1, int n1,
+ int fidx2, int n2);
+
+LUA_API void (lua_sethook) (lua_State *L, lua_Hook func, int mask, int count);
+LUA_API lua_Hook (lua_gethook) (lua_State *L);
+LUA_API int (lua_gethookmask) (lua_State *L);
+LUA_API int (lua_gethookcount) (lua_State *L);
+
+LUA_API int (lua_setcstacklimit) (lua_State *L, unsigned int limit);
+
+struct lua_Debug {
+ int event;
+ const char *name; /* (n) */
+ const char *namewhat; /* (n) 'global', 'local', 'field', 'method' */
+ const char *what; /* (S) 'Lua', 'C', 'main', 'tail' */
+ const char *source; /* (S) */
+ size_t srclen; /* (S) */
+ int currentline; /* (l) */
+ int linedefined; /* (S) */
+ int lastlinedefined; /* (S) */
+ unsigned char nups; /* (u) number of upvalues */
+ unsigned char nparams;/* (u) number of parameters */
+ char isvararg; /* (u) */
+ char istailcall; /* (t) */
+ unsigned short ftransfer; /* (r) index of first value transferred */
+ unsigned short ntransfer; /* (r) number of transferred values */
+ char short_src[LUA_IDSIZE]; /* (S) */
+ /* private part */
+ struct CallInfo *i_ci; /* active function */
+};
+
+/* }====================================================================== */
+
+
+/******************************************************************************
+* Copyright (C) 1994-2023 Lua.org, PUC-Rio.
+*
+* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+* a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+* "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+* without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+* distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+* permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+* the following conditions:
+*
+* The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+* included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+*
+* THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+* EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+* MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+* IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+* CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+* TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+* SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+******************************************************************************/
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lua.hpp b/lua-5.4.5/src/lua.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ec417f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lua.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// lua.hpp
+// Lua header files for C++
+// <> not supplied automatically because Lua also compiles as C++
+
+extern "C" {
+#include "lua.h"
+#include "lualib.h"
+#include "lauxlib.h"
+}
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/luac.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/luac.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5f4a141
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/luac.c
@@ -0,0 +1,723 @@
+/*
+** $Id: luac.c $
+** Lua compiler (saves bytecodes to files; also lists bytecodes)
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define luac_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+#include "lauxlib.h"
+
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lopcodes.h"
+#include "lopnames.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+#include "lundump.h"
+
+static void PrintFunction(const Proto* f, int full);
+#define luaU_print PrintFunction
+
+#define PROGNAME "luac" /* default program name */
+#define OUTPUT PROGNAME ".out" /* default output file */
+
+static int listing=0; /* list bytecodes? */
+static int dumping=1; /* dump bytecodes? */
+static int stripping=0; /* strip debug information? */
+static char Output[]={ OUTPUT }; /* default output file name */
+static const char* output=Output; /* actual output file name */
+static const char* progname=PROGNAME; /* actual program name */
+static TString **tmname;
+
+static void fatal(const char* message)
+{
+ fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s\n",progname,message);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static void cannot(const char* what)
+{
+ fprintf(stderr,"%s: cannot %s %s: %s\n",progname,what,output,strerror(errno));
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static void usage(const char* message)
+{
+ if (*message=='-')
+ fprintf(stderr,"%s: unrecognized option '%s'\n",progname,message);
+ else
+ fprintf(stderr,"%s: %s\n",progname,message);
+ fprintf(stderr,
+ "usage: %s [options] [filenames]\n"
+ "Available options are:\n"
+ " -l list (use -l -l for full listing)\n"
+ " -o name output to file 'name' (default is \"%s\")\n"
+ " -p parse only\n"
+ " -s strip debug information\n"
+ " -v show version information\n"
+ " -- stop handling options\n"
+ " - stop handling options and process stdin\n"
+ ,progname,Output);
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+#define IS(s) (strcmp(argv[i],s)==0)
+
+static int doargs(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+ int i;
+ int version=0;
+ if (argv[0]!=NULL && *argv[0]!=0) progname=argv[0];
+ for (i=1; itop.p+(i)))
+
+static const Proto* combine(lua_State* L, int n)
+{
+ if (n==1)
+ return toproto(L,-1);
+ else
+ {
+ Proto* f;
+ int i=n;
+ if (lua_load(L,reader,&i,"=(" PROGNAME ")",NULL)!=LUA_OK) fatal(lua_tostring(L,-1));
+ f=toproto(L,-1);
+ for (i=0; ip[i]=toproto(L,i-n-1);
+ if (f->p[i]->sizeupvalues>0) f->p[i]->upvalues[0].instack=0;
+ }
+ return f;
+ }
+}
+
+static int writer(lua_State* L, const void* p, size_t size, void* u)
+{
+ UNUSED(L);
+ return (fwrite(p,size,1,(FILE*)u)!=1) && (size!=0);
+}
+
+static int pmain(lua_State* L)
+{
+ int argc=(int)lua_tointeger(L,1);
+ char** argv=(char**)lua_touserdata(L,2);
+ const Proto* f;
+ int i;
+ tmname=G(L)->tmname;
+ if (!lua_checkstack(L,argc)) fatal("too many input files");
+ for (i=0; i1);
+ if (dumping)
+ {
+ FILE* D= (output==NULL) ? stdout : fopen(output,"wb");
+ if (D==NULL) cannot("open");
+ lua_lock(L);
+ luaU_dump(L,f,writer,D,stripping);
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ if (ferror(D)) cannot("write");
+ if (fclose(D)) cannot("close");
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char* argv[])
+{
+ lua_State* L;
+ int i=doargs(argc,argv);
+ argc-=i; argv+=i;
+ if (argc<=0) usage("no input files given");
+ L=luaL_newstate();
+ if (L==NULL) fatal("cannot create state: not enough memory");
+ lua_pushcfunction(L,&pmain);
+ lua_pushinteger(L,argc);
+ lua_pushlightuserdata(L,argv);
+ if (lua_pcall(L,2,0,0)!=LUA_OK) fatal(lua_tostring(L,-1));
+ lua_close(L);
+ return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/*
+** print bytecodes
+*/
+
+#define UPVALNAME(x) ((f->upvalues[x].name) ? getstr(f->upvalues[x].name) : "-")
+#define VOID(p) ((const void*)(p))
+#define eventname(i) (getstr(tmname[i]))
+
+static void PrintString(const TString* ts)
+{
+ const char* s=getstr(ts);
+ size_t i,n=tsslen(ts);
+ printf("\"");
+ for (i=0; ik[i];
+ switch (ttypetag(o))
+ {
+ case LUA_VNIL:
+ printf("N");
+ break;
+ case LUA_VFALSE:
+ case LUA_VTRUE:
+ printf("B");
+ break;
+ case LUA_VNUMFLT:
+ printf("F");
+ break;
+ case LUA_VNUMINT:
+ printf("I");
+ break;
+ case LUA_VSHRSTR:
+ case LUA_VLNGSTR:
+ printf("S");
+ break;
+ default: /* cannot happen */
+ printf("?%d",ttypetag(o));
+ break;
+ }
+ printf("\t");
+}
+
+static void PrintConstant(const Proto* f, int i)
+{
+ const TValue* o=&f->k[i];
+ switch (ttypetag(o))
+ {
+ case LUA_VNIL:
+ printf("nil");
+ break;
+ case LUA_VFALSE:
+ printf("false");
+ break;
+ case LUA_VTRUE:
+ printf("true");
+ break;
+ case LUA_VNUMFLT:
+ {
+ char buff[100];
+ sprintf(buff,LUA_NUMBER_FMT,fltvalue(o));
+ printf("%s",buff);
+ if (buff[strspn(buff,"-0123456789")]=='\0') printf(".0");
+ break;
+ }
+ case LUA_VNUMINT:
+ printf(LUA_INTEGER_FMT,ivalue(o));
+ break;
+ case LUA_VSHRSTR:
+ case LUA_VLNGSTR:
+ PrintString(tsvalue(o));
+ break;
+ default: /* cannot happen */
+ printf("?%d",ttypetag(o));
+ break;
+ }
+}
+
+#define COMMENT "\t; "
+#define EXTRAARG GETARG_Ax(code[pc+1])
+#define EXTRAARGC (EXTRAARG*(MAXARG_C+1))
+#define ISK (isk ? "k" : "")
+
+static void PrintCode(const Proto* f)
+{
+ const Instruction* code=f->code;
+ int pc,n=f->sizecode;
+ for (pc=0; pc0) printf("[%d]\t",line); else printf("[-]\t");
+ printf("%-9s\t",opnames[o]);
+ switch (o)
+ {
+ case OP_MOVE:
+ printf("%d %d",a,b);
+ break;
+ case OP_LOADI:
+ printf("%d %d",a,sbx);
+ break;
+ case OP_LOADF:
+ printf("%d %d",a,sbx);
+ break;
+ case OP_LOADK:
+ printf("%d %d",a,bx);
+ printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,bx);
+ break;
+ case OP_LOADKX:
+ printf("%d",a);
+ printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,EXTRAARG);
+ break;
+ case OP_LOADFALSE:
+ printf("%d",a);
+ break;
+ case OP_LFALSESKIP:
+ printf("%d",a);
+ break;
+ case OP_LOADTRUE:
+ printf("%d",a);
+ break;
+ case OP_LOADNIL:
+ printf("%d %d",a,b);
+ printf(COMMENT "%d out",b+1);
+ break;
+ case OP_GETUPVAL:
+ printf("%d %d",a,b);
+ printf(COMMENT "%s",UPVALNAME(b));
+ break;
+ case OP_SETUPVAL:
+ printf("%d %d",a,b);
+ printf(COMMENT "%s",UPVALNAME(b));
+ break;
+ case OP_GETTABUP:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ printf(COMMENT "%s",UPVALNAME(b));
+ printf(" "); PrintConstant(f,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_GETTABLE:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_GETI:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_GETFIELD:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_SETTABUP:
+ printf("%d %d %d%s",a,b,c,ISK);
+ printf(COMMENT "%s",UPVALNAME(a));
+ printf(" "); PrintConstant(f,b);
+ if (isk) { printf(" "); PrintConstant(f,c); }
+ break;
+ case OP_SETTABLE:
+ printf("%d %d %d%s",a,b,c,ISK);
+ if (isk) { printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,c); }
+ break;
+ case OP_SETI:
+ printf("%d %d %d%s",a,b,c,ISK);
+ if (isk) { printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,c); }
+ break;
+ case OP_SETFIELD:
+ printf("%d %d %d%s",a,b,c,ISK);
+ printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,b);
+ if (isk) { printf(" "); PrintConstant(f,c); }
+ break;
+ case OP_NEWTABLE:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ printf(COMMENT "%d",c+EXTRAARGC);
+ break;
+ case OP_SELF:
+ printf("%d %d %d%s",a,b,c,ISK);
+ if (isk) { printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,c); }
+ break;
+ case OP_ADDI:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,sc);
+ break;
+ case OP_ADDK:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_SUBK:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_MULK:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_MODK:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_POWK:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_DIVK:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_IDIVK:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_BANDK:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_BORK:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_BXORK:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_SHRI:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,sc);
+ break;
+ case OP_SHLI:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,sc);
+ break;
+ case OP_ADD:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_SUB:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_MUL:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_MOD:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_POW:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_DIV:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_IDIV:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_BAND:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_BOR:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_BXOR:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_SHL:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_SHR:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_MMBIN:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ printf(COMMENT "%s",eventname(c));
+ break;
+ case OP_MMBINI:
+ printf("%d %d %d %d",a,sb,c,isk);
+ printf(COMMENT "%s",eventname(c));
+ if (isk) printf(" flip");
+ break;
+ case OP_MMBINK:
+ printf("%d %d %d %d",a,b,c,isk);
+ printf(COMMENT "%s ",eventname(c)); PrintConstant(f,b);
+ if (isk) printf(" flip");
+ break;
+ case OP_UNM:
+ printf("%d %d",a,b);
+ break;
+ case OP_BNOT:
+ printf("%d %d",a,b);
+ break;
+ case OP_NOT:
+ printf("%d %d",a,b);
+ break;
+ case OP_LEN:
+ printf("%d %d",a,b);
+ break;
+ case OP_CONCAT:
+ printf("%d %d",a,b);
+ break;
+ case OP_CLOSE:
+ printf("%d",a);
+ break;
+ case OP_TBC:
+ printf("%d",a);
+ break;
+ case OP_JMP:
+ printf("%d",GETARG_sJ(i));
+ printf(COMMENT "to %d",GETARG_sJ(i)+pc+2);
+ break;
+ case OP_EQ:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,isk);
+ break;
+ case OP_LT:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,isk);
+ break;
+ case OP_LE:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,isk);
+ break;
+ case OP_EQK:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,isk);
+ printf(COMMENT); PrintConstant(f,b);
+ break;
+ case OP_EQI:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,sb,isk);
+ break;
+ case OP_LTI:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,sb,isk);
+ break;
+ case OP_LEI:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,sb,isk);
+ break;
+ case OP_GTI:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,sb,isk);
+ break;
+ case OP_GEI:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,sb,isk);
+ break;
+ case OP_TEST:
+ printf("%d %d",a,isk);
+ break;
+ case OP_TESTSET:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,isk);
+ break;
+ case OP_CALL:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ printf(COMMENT);
+ if (b==0) printf("all in "); else printf("%d in ",b-1);
+ if (c==0) printf("all out"); else printf("%d out",c-1);
+ break;
+ case OP_TAILCALL:
+ printf("%d %d %d%s",a,b,c,ISK);
+ printf(COMMENT "%d in",b-1);
+ break;
+ case OP_RETURN:
+ printf("%d %d %d%s",a,b,c,ISK);
+ printf(COMMENT);
+ if (b==0) printf("all out"); else printf("%d out",b-1);
+ break;
+ case OP_RETURN0:
+ break;
+ case OP_RETURN1:
+ printf("%d",a);
+ break;
+ case OP_FORLOOP:
+ printf("%d %d",a,bx);
+ printf(COMMENT "to %d",pc-bx+2);
+ break;
+ case OP_FORPREP:
+ printf("%d %d",a,bx);
+ printf(COMMENT "exit to %d",pc+bx+3);
+ break;
+ case OP_TFORPREP:
+ printf("%d %d",a,bx);
+ printf(COMMENT "to %d",pc+bx+2);
+ break;
+ case OP_TFORCALL:
+ printf("%d %d",a,c);
+ break;
+ case OP_TFORLOOP:
+ printf("%d %d",a,bx);
+ printf(COMMENT "to %d",pc-bx+2);
+ break;
+ case OP_SETLIST:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ if (isk) printf(COMMENT "%d",c+EXTRAARGC);
+ break;
+ case OP_CLOSURE:
+ printf("%d %d",a,bx);
+ printf(COMMENT "%p",VOID(f->p[bx]));
+ break;
+ case OP_VARARG:
+ printf("%d %d",a,c);
+ printf(COMMENT);
+ if (c==0) printf("all out"); else printf("%d out",c-1);
+ break;
+ case OP_VARARGPREP:
+ printf("%d",a);
+ break;
+ case OP_EXTRAARG:
+ printf("%d",ax);
+ break;
+#if 0
+ default:
+ printf("%d %d %d",a,b,c);
+ printf(COMMENT "not handled");
+ break;
+#endif
+ }
+ printf("\n");
+ }
+}
+
+
+#define SS(x) ((x==1)?"":"s")
+#define S(x) (int)(x),SS(x)
+
+static void PrintHeader(const Proto* f)
+{
+ const char* s=f->source ? getstr(f->source) : "=?";
+ if (*s=='@' || *s=='=')
+ s++;
+ else if (*s==LUA_SIGNATURE[0])
+ s="(bstring)";
+ else
+ s="(string)";
+ printf("\n%s <%s:%d,%d> (%d instruction%s at %p)\n",
+ (f->linedefined==0)?"main":"function",s,
+ f->linedefined,f->lastlinedefined,
+ S(f->sizecode),VOID(f));
+ printf("%d%s param%s, %d slot%s, %d upvalue%s, ",
+ (int)(f->numparams),f->is_vararg?"+":"",SS(f->numparams),
+ S(f->maxstacksize),S(f->sizeupvalues));
+ printf("%d local%s, %d constant%s, %d function%s\n",
+ S(f->sizelocvars),S(f->sizek),S(f->sizep));
+}
+
+static void PrintDebug(const Proto* f)
+{
+ int i,n;
+ n=f->sizek;
+ printf("constants (%d) for %p:\n",n,VOID(f));
+ for (i=0; isizelocvars;
+ printf("locals (%d) for %p:\n",n,VOID(f));
+ for (i=0; ilocvars[i].varname),f->locvars[i].startpc+1,f->locvars[i].endpc+1);
+ }
+ n=f->sizeupvalues;
+ printf("upvalues (%d) for %p:\n",n,VOID(f));
+ for (i=0; iupvalues[i].instack,f->upvalues[i].idx);
+ }
+}
+
+static void PrintFunction(const Proto* f, int full)
+{
+ int i,n=f->sizep;
+ PrintHeader(f);
+ PrintCode(f);
+ if (full) PrintDebug(f);
+ for (i=0; ip[i],full);
+}
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/luaconf.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/luaconf.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..137103e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/luaconf.h
@@ -0,0 +1,793 @@
+/*
+** $Id: luaconf.h $
+** Configuration file for Lua
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+
+#ifndef luaconf_h
+#define luaconf_h
+
+#include
+#include
+
+
+/*
+** ===================================================================
+** General Configuration File for Lua
+**
+** Some definitions here can be changed externally, through the compiler
+** (e.g., with '-D' options): They are commented out or protected
+** by '#if !defined' guards. However, several other definitions
+** should be changed directly here, either because they affect the
+** Lua ABI (by making the changes here, you ensure that all software
+** connected to Lua, such as C libraries, will be compiled with the same
+** configuration); or because they are seldom changed.
+**
+** Search for "@@" to find all configurable definitions.
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+
+/*
+** {====================================================================
+** System Configuration: macros to adapt (if needed) Lua to some
+** particular platform, for instance restricting it to C89.
+** =====================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_USE_C89 controls the use of non-ISO-C89 features.
+** Define it if you want Lua to avoid the use of a few C99 features
+** or Windows-specific features on Windows.
+*/
+/* #define LUA_USE_C89 */
+
+
+/*
+** By default, Lua on Windows use (some) specific Windows features
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89) && defined(_WIN32) && !defined(_WIN32_WCE)
+#define LUA_USE_WINDOWS /* enable goodies for regular Windows */
+#endif
+
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS)
+#define LUA_DL_DLL /* enable support for DLL */
+#define LUA_USE_C89 /* broadly, Windows is C89 */
+#endif
+
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_LINUX)
+#define LUA_USE_POSIX
+#define LUA_USE_DLOPEN /* needs an extra library: -ldl */
+#endif
+
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_MACOSX)
+#define LUA_USE_POSIX
+#define LUA_USE_DLOPEN /* MacOS does not need -ldl */
+#endif
+
+
+#if defined(LUA_USE_IOS)
+#define LUA_USE_POSIX
+#define LUA_USE_DLOPEN
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+@@ LUAI_IS32INT is true iff 'int' has (at least) 32 bits.
+*/
+#define LUAI_IS32INT ((UINT_MAX >> 30) >= 3)
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Configuration for Number types. These options should not be
+** set externally, because any other code connected to Lua must
+** use the same configuration.
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_INT_TYPE defines the type for Lua integers.
+@@ LUA_FLOAT_TYPE defines the type for Lua floats.
+** Lua should work fine with any mix of these options supported
+** by your C compiler. The usual configurations are 64-bit integers
+** and 'double' (the default), 32-bit integers and 'float' (for
+** restricted platforms), and 'long'/'double' (for C compilers not
+** compliant with C99, which may not have support for 'long long').
+*/
+
+/* predefined options for LUA_INT_TYPE */
+#define LUA_INT_INT 1
+#define LUA_INT_LONG 2
+#define LUA_INT_LONGLONG 3
+
+/* predefined options for LUA_FLOAT_TYPE */
+#define LUA_FLOAT_FLOAT 1
+#define LUA_FLOAT_DOUBLE 2
+#define LUA_FLOAT_LONGDOUBLE 3
+
+
+/* Default configuration ('long long' and 'double', for 64-bit Lua) */
+#define LUA_INT_DEFAULT LUA_INT_LONGLONG
+#define LUA_FLOAT_DEFAULT LUA_FLOAT_DOUBLE
+
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_32BITS enables Lua with 32-bit integers and 32-bit floats.
+*/
+#define LUA_32BITS 0
+
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_C89_NUMBERS ensures that Lua uses the largest types available for
+** C89 ('long' and 'double'); Windows always has '__int64', so it does
+** not need to use this case.
+*/
+#if defined(LUA_USE_C89) && !defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS)
+#define LUA_C89_NUMBERS 1
+#else
+#define LUA_C89_NUMBERS 0
+#endif
+
+
+#if LUA_32BITS /* { */
+/*
+** 32-bit integers and 'float'
+*/
+#if LUAI_IS32INT /* use 'int' if big enough */
+#define LUA_INT_TYPE LUA_INT_INT
+#else /* otherwise use 'long' */
+#define LUA_INT_TYPE LUA_INT_LONG
+#endif
+#define LUA_FLOAT_TYPE LUA_FLOAT_FLOAT
+
+#elif LUA_C89_NUMBERS /* }{ */
+/*
+** largest types available for C89 ('long' and 'double')
+*/
+#define LUA_INT_TYPE LUA_INT_LONG
+#define LUA_FLOAT_TYPE LUA_FLOAT_DOUBLE
+
+#else /* }{ */
+/* use defaults */
+
+#define LUA_INT_TYPE LUA_INT_DEFAULT
+#define LUA_FLOAT_TYPE LUA_FLOAT_DEFAULT
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Configuration for Paths.
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+** LUA_PATH_SEP is the character that separates templates in a path.
+** LUA_PATH_MARK is the string that marks the substitution points in a
+** template.
+** LUA_EXEC_DIR in a Windows path is replaced by the executable's
+** directory.
+*/
+#define LUA_PATH_SEP ";"
+#define LUA_PATH_MARK "?"
+#define LUA_EXEC_DIR "!"
+
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_PATH_DEFAULT is the default path that Lua uses to look for
+** Lua libraries.
+@@ LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT is the default path that Lua uses to look for
+** C libraries.
+** CHANGE them if your machine has a non-conventional directory
+** hierarchy or if you want to install your libraries in
+** non-conventional directories.
+*/
+
+#define LUA_VDIR LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "." LUA_VERSION_MINOR
+#if defined(_WIN32) /* { */
+/*
+** In Windows, any exclamation mark ('!') in the path is replaced by the
+** path of the directory of the executable file of the current process.
+*/
+#define LUA_LDIR "!\\lua\\"
+#define LUA_CDIR "!\\"
+#define LUA_SHRDIR "!\\..\\share\\lua\\" LUA_VDIR "\\"
+
+#if !defined(LUA_PATH_DEFAULT)
+#define LUA_PATH_DEFAULT \
+ LUA_LDIR"?.lua;" LUA_LDIR"?\\init.lua;" \
+ LUA_CDIR"?.lua;" LUA_CDIR"?\\init.lua;" \
+ LUA_SHRDIR"?.lua;" LUA_SHRDIR"?\\init.lua;" \
+ ".\\?.lua;" ".\\?\\init.lua"
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT)
+#define LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT \
+ LUA_CDIR"?.dll;" \
+ LUA_CDIR"..\\lib\\lua\\" LUA_VDIR "\\?.dll;" \
+ LUA_CDIR"loadall.dll;" ".\\?.dll"
+#endif
+
+#else /* }{ */
+
+#define LUA_ROOT "/usr/local/"
+#define LUA_LDIR LUA_ROOT "share/lua/" LUA_VDIR "/"
+#define LUA_CDIR LUA_ROOT "lib/lua/" LUA_VDIR "/"
+
+#if !defined(LUA_PATH_DEFAULT)
+#define LUA_PATH_DEFAULT \
+ LUA_LDIR"?.lua;" LUA_LDIR"?/init.lua;" \
+ LUA_CDIR"?.lua;" LUA_CDIR"?/init.lua;" \
+ "./?.lua;" "./?/init.lua"
+#endif
+
+#if !defined(LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT)
+#define LUA_CPATH_DEFAULT \
+ LUA_CDIR"?.so;" LUA_CDIR"loadall.so;" "./?.so"
+#endif
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_DIRSEP is the directory separator (for submodules).
+** CHANGE it if your machine does not use "/" as the directory separator
+** and is not Windows. (On Windows Lua automatically uses "\".)
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_DIRSEP)
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+#define LUA_DIRSEP "\\"
+#else
+#define LUA_DIRSEP "/"
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Marks for exported symbols in the C code
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_API is a mark for all core API functions.
+@@ LUALIB_API is a mark for all auxiliary library functions.
+@@ LUAMOD_API is a mark for all standard library opening functions.
+** CHANGE them if you need to define those functions in some special way.
+** For instance, if you want to create one Windows DLL with the core and
+** the libraries, you may want to use the following definition (define
+** LUA_BUILD_AS_DLL to get it).
+*/
+#if defined(LUA_BUILD_AS_DLL) /* { */
+
+#if defined(LUA_CORE) || defined(LUA_LIB) /* { */
+#define LUA_API __declspec(dllexport)
+#else /* }{ */
+#define LUA_API __declspec(dllimport)
+#endif /* } */
+
+#else /* }{ */
+
+#define LUA_API extern
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+/*
+** More often than not the libs go together with the core.
+*/
+#define LUALIB_API LUA_API
+#define LUAMOD_API LUA_API
+
+
+/*
+@@ LUAI_FUNC is a mark for all extern functions that are not to be
+** exported to outside modules.
+@@ LUAI_DDEF and LUAI_DDEC are marks for all extern (const) variables,
+** none of which to be exported to outside modules (LUAI_DDEF for
+** definitions and LUAI_DDEC for declarations).
+** CHANGE them if you need to mark them in some special way. Elf/gcc
+** (versions 3.2 and later) mark them as "hidden" to optimize access
+** when Lua is compiled as a shared library. Not all elf targets support
+** this attribute. Unfortunately, gcc does not offer a way to check
+** whether the target offers that support, and those without support
+** give a warning about it. To avoid these warnings, change to the
+** default definition.
+*/
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && ((__GNUC__*100 + __GNUC_MINOR__) >= 302) && \
+ defined(__ELF__) /* { */
+#define LUAI_FUNC __attribute__((visibility("internal"))) extern
+#else /* }{ */
+#define LUAI_FUNC extern
+#endif /* } */
+
+#define LUAI_DDEC(dec) LUAI_FUNC dec
+#define LUAI_DDEF /* empty */
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Compatibility with previous versions
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_COMPAT_5_3 controls other macros for compatibility with Lua 5.3.
+** You can define it to get all options, or change specific options
+** to fit your specific needs.
+*/
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_5_3) /* { */
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_COMPAT_MATHLIB controls the presence of several deprecated
+** functions in the mathematical library.
+** (These functions were already officially removed in 5.3;
+** nevertheless they are still available here.)
+*/
+#define LUA_COMPAT_MATHLIB
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_COMPAT_APIINTCASTS controls the presence of macros for
+** manipulating other integer types (lua_pushunsigned, lua_tounsigned,
+** luaL_checkint, luaL_checklong, etc.)
+** (These macros were also officially removed in 5.3, but they are still
+** available here.)
+*/
+#define LUA_COMPAT_APIINTCASTS
+
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_COMPAT_LT_LE controls the emulation of the '__le' metamethod
+** using '__lt'.
+*/
+#define LUA_COMPAT_LT_LE
+
+
+/*
+@@ The following macros supply trivial compatibility for some
+** changes in the API. The macros themselves document how to
+** change your code to avoid using them.
+** (Once more, these macros were officially removed in 5.3, but they are
+** still available here.)
+*/
+#define lua_strlen(L,i) lua_rawlen(L, (i))
+
+#define lua_objlen(L,i) lua_rawlen(L, (i))
+
+#define lua_equal(L,idx1,idx2) lua_compare(L,(idx1),(idx2),LUA_OPEQ)
+#define lua_lessthan(L,idx1,idx2) lua_compare(L,(idx1),(idx2),LUA_OPLT)
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Configuration for Numbers (low-level part).
+** Change these definitions if no predefined LUA_FLOAT_* / LUA_INT_*
+** satisfy your needs.
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+@@ LUAI_UACNUMBER is the result of a 'default argument promotion'
+@@ over a floating number.
+@@ l_floatatt(x) corrects float attribute 'x' to the proper float type
+** by prefixing it with one of FLT/DBL/LDBL.
+@@ LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN is the length modifier for writing floats.
+@@ LUA_NUMBER_FMT is the format for writing floats.
+@@ lua_number2str converts a float to a string.
+@@ l_mathop allows the addition of an 'l' or 'f' to all math operations.
+@@ l_floor takes the floor of a float.
+@@ lua_str2number converts a decimal numeral to a number.
+*/
+
+
+/* The following definitions are good for most cases here */
+
+#define l_floor(x) (l_mathop(floor)(x))
+
+#define lua_number2str(s,sz,n) \
+ l_sprintf((s), sz, LUA_NUMBER_FMT, (LUAI_UACNUMBER)(n))
+
+/*
+@@ lua_numbertointeger converts a float number with an integral value
+** to an integer, or returns 0 if float is not within the range of
+** a lua_Integer. (The range comparisons are tricky because of
+** rounding. The tests here assume a two-complement representation,
+** where MININTEGER always has an exact representation as a float;
+** MAXINTEGER may not have one, and therefore its conversion to float
+** may have an ill-defined value.)
+*/
+#define lua_numbertointeger(n,p) \
+ ((n) >= (LUA_NUMBER)(LUA_MININTEGER) && \
+ (n) < -(LUA_NUMBER)(LUA_MININTEGER) && \
+ (*(p) = (LUA_INTEGER)(n), 1))
+
+
+/* now the variable definitions */
+
+#if LUA_FLOAT_TYPE == LUA_FLOAT_FLOAT /* { single float */
+
+#define LUA_NUMBER float
+
+#define l_floatatt(n) (FLT_##n)
+
+#define LUAI_UACNUMBER double
+
+#define LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN ""
+#define LUA_NUMBER_FMT "%.7g"
+
+#define l_mathop(op) op##f
+
+#define lua_str2number(s,p) strtof((s), (p))
+
+
+#elif LUA_FLOAT_TYPE == LUA_FLOAT_LONGDOUBLE /* }{ long double */
+
+#define LUA_NUMBER long double
+
+#define l_floatatt(n) (LDBL_##n)
+
+#define LUAI_UACNUMBER long double
+
+#define LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN "L"
+#define LUA_NUMBER_FMT "%.19Lg"
+
+#define l_mathop(op) op##l
+
+#define lua_str2number(s,p) strtold((s), (p))
+
+#elif LUA_FLOAT_TYPE == LUA_FLOAT_DOUBLE /* }{ double */
+
+#define LUA_NUMBER double
+
+#define l_floatatt(n) (DBL_##n)
+
+#define LUAI_UACNUMBER double
+
+#define LUA_NUMBER_FRMLEN ""
+#define LUA_NUMBER_FMT "%.14g"
+
+#define l_mathop(op) op
+
+#define lua_str2number(s,p) strtod((s), (p))
+
+#else /* }{ */
+
+#error "numeric float type not defined"
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_UNSIGNED is the unsigned version of LUA_INTEGER.
+@@ LUAI_UACINT is the result of a 'default argument promotion'
+@@ over a LUA_INTEGER.
+@@ LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN is the length modifier for reading/writing integers.
+@@ LUA_INTEGER_FMT is the format for writing integers.
+@@ LUA_MAXINTEGER is the maximum value for a LUA_INTEGER.
+@@ LUA_MININTEGER is the minimum value for a LUA_INTEGER.
+@@ LUA_MAXUNSIGNED is the maximum value for a LUA_UNSIGNED.
+@@ lua_integer2str converts an integer to a string.
+*/
+
+
+/* The following definitions are good for most cases here */
+
+#define LUA_INTEGER_FMT "%" LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN "d"
+
+#define LUAI_UACINT LUA_INTEGER
+
+#define lua_integer2str(s,sz,n) \
+ l_sprintf((s), sz, LUA_INTEGER_FMT, (LUAI_UACINT)(n))
+
+/*
+** use LUAI_UACINT here to avoid problems with promotions (which
+** can turn a comparison between unsigneds into a signed comparison)
+*/
+#define LUA_UNSIGNED unsigned LUAI_UACINT
+
+
+/* now the variable definitions */
+
+#if LUA_INT_TYPE == LUA_INT_INT /* { int */
+
+#define LUA_INTEGER int
+#define LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN ""
+
+#define LUA_MAXINTEGER INT_MAX
+#define LUA_MININTEGER INT_MIN
+
+#define LUA_MAXUNSIGNED UINT_MAX
+
+#elif LUA_INT_TYPE == LUA_INT_LONG /* }{ long */
+
+#define LUA_INTEGER long
+#define LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN "l"
+
+#define LUA_MAXINTEGER LONG_MAX
+#define LUA_MININTEGER LONG_MIN
+
+#define LUA_MAXUNSIGNED ULONG_MAX
+
+#elif LUA_INT_TYPE == LUA_INT_LONGLONG /* }{ long long */
+
+/* use presence of macro LLONG_MAX as proxy for C99 compliance */
+#if defined(LLONG_MAX) /* { */
+/* use ISO C99 stuff */
+
+#define LUA_INTEGER long long
+#define LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN "ll"
+
+#define LUA_MAXINTEGER LLONG_MAX
+#define LUA_MININTEGER LLONG_MIN
+
+#define LUA_MAXUNSIGNED ULLONG_MAX
+
+#elif defined(LUA_USE_WINDOWS) /* }{ */
+/* in Windows, can use specific Windows types */
+
+#define LUA_INTEGER __int64
+#define LUA_INTEGER_FRMLEN "I64"
+
+#define LUA_MAXINTEGER _I64_MAX
+#define LUA_MININTEGER _I64_MIN
+
+#define LUA_MAXUNSIGNED _UI64_MAX
+
+#else /* }{ */
+
+#error "Compiler does not support 'long long'. Use option '-DLUA_32BITS' \
+ or '-DLUA_C89_NUMBERS' (see file 'luaconf.h' for details)"
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+#else /* }{ */
+
+#error "numeric integer type not defined"
+
+#endif /* } */
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Dependencies with C99 and other C details
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+@@ l_sprintf is equivalent to 'snprintf' or 'sprintf' in C89.
+** (All uses in Lua have only one format item.)
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89)
+#define l_sprintf(s,sz,f,i) snprintf(s,sz,f,i)
+#else
+#define l_sprintf(s,sz,f,i) ((void)(sz), sprintf(s,f,i))
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+@@ lua_strx2number converts a hexadecimal numeral to a number.
+** In C99, 'strtod' does that conversion. Otherwise, you can
+** leave 'lua_strx2number' undefined and Lua will provide its own
+** implementation.
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89)
+#define lua_strx2number(s,p) lua_str2number(s,p)
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+@@ lua_pointer2str converts a pointer to a readable string in a
+** non-specified way.
+*/
+#define lua_pointer2str(buff,sz,p) l_sprintf(buff,sz,"%p",p)
+
+
+/*
+@@ lua_number2strx converts a float to a hexadecimal numeral.
+** In C99, 'sprintf' (with format specifiers '%a'/'%A') does that.
+** Otherwise, you can leave 'lua_number2strx' undefined and Lua will
+** provide its own implementation.
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89)
+#define lua_number2strx(L,b,sz,f,n) \
+ ((void)L, l_sprintf(b,sz,f,(LUAI_UACNUMBER)(n)))
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** 'strtof' and 'opf' variants for math functions are not valid in
+** C89. Otherwise, the macro 'HUGE_VALF' is a good proxy for testing the
+** availability of these variants. ('math.h' is already included in
+** all files that use these macros.)
+*/
+#if defined(LUA_USE_C89) || (defined(HUGE_VAL) && !defined(HUGE_VALF))
+#undef l_mathop /* variants not available */
+#undef lua_str2number
+#define l_mathop(op) (lua_Number)op /* no variant */
+#define lua_str2number(s,p) ((lua_Number)strtod((s), (p)))
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_KCONTEXT is the type of the context ('ctx') for continuation
+** functions. It must be a numerical type; Lua will use 'intptr_t' if
+** available, otherwise it will use 'ptrdiff_t' (the nearest thing to
+** 'intptr_t' in C89)
+*/
+#define LUA_KCONTEXT ptrdiff_t
+
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_C89) && defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && \
+ __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L
+#include
+#if defined(INTPTR_MAX) /* even in C99 this type is optional */
+#undef LUA_KCONTEXT
+#define LUA_KCONTEXT intptr_t
+#endif
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+@@ lua_getlocaledecpoint gets the locale "radix character" (decimal point).
+** Change that if you do not want to use C locales. (Code using this
+** macro must include the header 'locale.h'.)
+*/
+#if !defined(lua_getlocaledecpoint)
+#define lua_getlocaledecpoint() (localeconv()->decimal_point[0])
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** macros to improve jump prediction, used mostly for error handling
+** and debug facilities. (Some macros in the Lua API use these macros.
+** Define LUA_NOBUILTIN if you do not want '__builtin_expect' in your
+** code.)
+*/
+#if !defined(luai_likely)
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(LUA_NOBUILTIN)
+#define luai_likely(x) (__builtin_expect(((x) != 0), 1))
+#define luai_unlikely(x) (__builtin_expect(((x) != 0), 0))
+#else
+#define luai_likely(x) (x)
+#define luai_unlikely(x) (x)
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+
+#if defined(LUA_CORE) || defined(LUA_LIB)
+/* shorter names for Lua's own use */
+#define l_likely(x) luai_likely(x)
+#define l_unlikely(x) luai_unlikely(x)
+#endif
+
+
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Language Variations
+** =====================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_NOCVTN2S/LUA_NOCVTS2N control how Lua performs some
+** coercions. Define LUA_NOCVTN2S to turn off automatic coercion from
+** numbers to strings. Define LUA_NOCVTS2N to turn off automatic
+** coercion from strings to numbers.
+*/
+/* #define LUA_NOCVTN2S */
+/* #define LUA_NOCVTS2N */
+
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_USE_APICHECK turns on several consistency checks on the C API.
+** Define it as a help when debugging C code.
+*/
+#if defined(LUA_USE_APICHECK)
+#include
+#define luai_apicheck(l,e) assert(e)
+#endif
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Macros that affect the API and must be stable (that is, must be the
+** same when you compile Lua and when you compile code that links to
+** Lua).
+** =====================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+@@ LUAI_MAXSTACK limits the size of the Lua stack.
+** CHANGE it if you need a different limit. This limit is arbitrary;
+** its only purpose is to stop Lua from consuming unlimited stack
+** space (and to reserve some numbers for pseudo-indices).
+** (It must fit into max(size_t)/32 and max(int)/2.)
+*/
+#if LUAI_IS32INT
+#define LUAI_MAXSTACK 1000000
+#else
+#define LUAI_MAXSTACK 15000
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_EXTRASPACE defines the size of a raw memory area associated with
+** a Lua state with very fast access.
+** CHANGE it if you need a different size.
+*/
+#define LUA_EXTRASPACE (sizeof(void *))
+
+
+/*
+@@ LUA_IDSIZE gives the maximum size for the description of the source
+** of a function in debug information.
+** CHANGE it if you want a different size.
+*/
+#define LUA_IDSIZE 60
+
+
+/*
+@@ LUAL_BUFFERSIZE is the initial buffer size used by the lauxlib
+** buffer system.
+*/
+#define LUAL_BUFFERSIZE ((int)(16 * sizeof(void*) * sizeof(lua_Number)))
+
+
+/*
+@@ LUAI_MAXALIGN defines fields that, when used in a union, ensure
+** maximum alignment for the other items in that union.
+*/
+#define LUAI_MAXALIGN lua_Number n; double u; void *s; lua_Integer i; long l
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+
+
+
+/* =================================================================== */
+
+/*
+** Local configuration. You can use this space to add your redefinitions
+** without modifying the main part of the file.
+*/
+
+
+
+
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lualib.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lualib.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2625529
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lualib.h
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lualib.h $
+** Lua standard libraries
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+
+#ifndef lualib_h
+#define lualib_h
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+
+/* version suffix for environment variable names */
+#define LUA_VERSUFFIX "_" LUA_VERSION_MAJOR "_" LUA_VERSION_MINOR
+
+
+LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_base) (lua_State *L);
+
+#define LUA_COLIBNAME "coroutine"
+LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_coroutine) (lua_State *L);
+
+#define LUA_TABLIBNAME "table"
+LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_table) (lua_State *L);
+
+#define LUA_IOLIBNAME "io"
+LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_io) (lua_State *L);
+
+#define LUA_OSLIBNAME "os"
+LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_os) (lua_State *L);
+
+#define LUA_STRLIBNAME "string"
+LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_string) (lua_State *L);
+
+#define LUA_UTF8LIBNAME "utf8"
+LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_utf8) (lua_State *L);
+
+#define LUA_MATHLIBNAME "math"
+LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_math) (lua_State *L);
+
+#define LUA_DBLIBNAME "debug"
+LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_debug) (lua_State *L);
+
+#define LUA_LOADLIBNAME "package"
+LUAMOD_API int (luaopen_package) (lua_State *L);
+
+
+/* open all previous libraries */
+LUALIB_API void (luaL_openlibs) (lua_State *L);
+
+
+#endif
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lundump.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lundump.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..02aed64
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lundump.c
@@ -0,0 +1,335 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lundump.c $
+** load precompiled Lua chunks
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lundump_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h"
+#include "lfunc.h"
+#include "lmem.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lstring.h"
+#include "lundump.h"
+#include "lzio.h"
+
+
+#if !defined(luai_verifycode)
+#define luai_verifycode(L,f) /* empty */
+#endif
+
+
+typedef struct {
+ lua_State *L;
+ ZIO *Z;
+ const char *name;
+} LoadState;
+
+
+static l_noret error (LoadState *S, const char *why) {
+ luaO_pushfstring(S->L, "%s: bad binary format (%s)", S->name, why);
+ luaD_throw(S->L, LUA_ERRSYNTAX);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** All high-level loads go through loadVector; you can change it to
+** adapt to the endianness of the input
+*/
+#define loadVector(S,b,n) loadBlock(S,b,(n)*sizeof((b)[0]))
+
+static void loadBlock (LoadState *S, void *b, size_t size) {
+ if (luaZ_read(S->Z, b, size) != 0)
+ error(S, "truncated chunk");
+}
+
+
+#define loadVar(S,x) loadVector(S,&x,1)
+
+
+static lu_byte loadByte (LoadState *S) {
+ int b = zgetc(S->Z);
+ if (b == EOZ)
+ error(S, "truncated chunk");
+ return cast_byte(b);
+}
+
+
+static size_t loadUnsigned (LoadState *S, size_t limit) {
+ size_t x = 0;
+ int b;
+ limit >>= 7;
+ do {
+ b = loadByte(S);
+ if (x >= limit)
+ error(S, "integer overflow");
+ x = (x << 7) | (b & 0x7f);
+ } while ((b & 0x80) == 0);
+ return x;
+}
+
+
+static size_t loadSize (LoadState *S) {
+ return loadUnsigned(S, ~(size_t)0);
+}
+
+
+static int loadInt (LoadState *S) {
+ return cast_int(loadUnsigned(S, INT_MAX));
+}
+
+
+static lua_Number loadNumber (LoadState *S) {
+ lua_Number x;
+ loadVar(S, x);
+ return x;
+}
+
+
+static lua_Integer loadInteger (LoadState *S) {
+ lua_Integer x;
+ loadVar(S, x);
+ return x;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Load a nullable string into prototype 'p'.
+*/
+static TString *loadStringN (LoadState *S, Proto *p) {
+ lua_State *L = S->L;
+ TString *ts;
+ size_t size = loadSize(S);
+ if (size == 0) /* no string? */
+ return NULL;
+ else if (--size <= LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN) { /* short string? */
+ char buff[LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN];
+ loadVector(S, buff, size); /* load string into buffer */
+ ts = luaS_newlstr(L, buff, size); /* create string */
+ }
+ else { /* long string */
+ ts = luaS_createlngstrobj(L, size); /* create string */
+ setsvalue2s(L, L->top.p, ts); /* anchor it ('loadVector' can GC) */
+ luaD_inctop(L);
+ loadVector(S, getstr(ts), size); /* load directly in final place */
+ L->top.p--; /* pop string */
+ }
+ luaC_objbarrier(L, p, ts);
+ return ts;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Load a non-nullable string into prototype 'p'.
+*/
+static TString *loadString (LoadState *S, Proto *p) {
+ TString *st = loadStringN(S, p);
+ if (st == NULL)
+ error(S, "bad format for constant string");
+ return st;
+}
+
+
+static void loadCode (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
+ int n = loadInt(S);
+ f->code = luaM_newvectorchecked(S->L, n, Instruction);
+ f->sizecode = n;
+ loadVector(S, f->code, n);
+}
+
+
+static void loadFunction(LoadState *S, Proto *f, TString *psource);
+
+
+static void loadConstants (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
+ int i;
+ int n = loadInt(S);
+ f->k = luaM_newvectorchecked(S->L, n, TValue);
+ f->sizek = n;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+ setnilvalue(&f->k[i]);
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ TValue *o = &f->k[i];
+ int t = loadByte(S);
+ switch (t) {
+ case LUA_VNIL:
+ setnilvalue(o);
+ break;
+ case LUA_VFALSE:
+ setbfvalue(o);
+ break;
+ case LUA_VTRUE:
+ setbtvalue(o);
+ break;
+ case LUA_VNUMFLT:
+ setfltvalue(o, loadNumber(S));
+ break;
+ case LUA_VNUMINT:
+ setivalue(o, loadInteger(S));
+ break;
+ case LUA_VSHRSTR:
+ case LUA_VLNGSTR:
+ setsvalue2n(S->L, o, loadString(S, f));
+ break;
+ default: lua_assert(0);
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void loadProtos (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
+ int i;
+ int n = loadInt(S);
+ f->p = luaM_newvectorchecked(S->L, n, Proto *);
+ f->sizep = n;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+ f->p[i] = NULL;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ f->p[i] = luaF_newproto(S->L);
+ luaC_objbarrier(S->L, f, f->p[i]);
+ loadFunction(S, f->p[i], f->source);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Load the upvalues for a function. The names must be filled first,
+** because the filling of the other fields can raise read errors and
+** the creation of the error message can call an emergency collection;
+** in that case all prototypes must be consistent for the GC.
+*/
+static void loadUpvalues (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
+ int i, n;
+ n = loadInt(S);
+ f->upvalues = luaM_newvectorchecked(S->L, n, Upvaldesc);
+ f->sizeupvalues = n;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++) /* make array valid for GC */
+ f->upvalues[i].name = NULL;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { /* following calls can raise errors */
+ f->upvalues[i].instack = loadByte(S);
+ f->upvalues[i].idx = loadByte(S);
+ f->upvalues[i].kind = loadByte(S);
+ }
+}
+
+
+static void loadDebug (LoadState *S, Proto *f) {
+ int i, n;
+ n = loadInt(S);
+ f->lineinfo = luaM_newvectorchecked(S->L, n, ls_byte);
+ f->sizelineinfo = n;
+ loadVector(S, f->lineinfo, n);
+ n = loadInt(S);
+ f->abslineinfo = luaM_newvectorchecked(S->L, n, AbsLineInfo);
+ f->sizeabslineinfo = n;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ f->abslineinfo[i].pc = loadInt(S);
+ f->abslineinfo[i].line = loadInt(S);
+ }
+ n = loadInt(S);
+ f->locvars = luaM_newvectorchecked(S->L, n, LocVar);
+ f->sizelocvars = n;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+ f->locvars[i].varname = NULL;
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+ f->locvars[i].varname = loadStringN(S, f);
+ f->locvars[i].startpc = loadInt(S);
+ f->locvars[i].endpc = loadInt(S);
+ }
+ n = loadInt(S);
+ if (n != 0) /* does it have debug information? */
+ n = f->sizeupvalues; /* must be this many */
+ for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
+ f->upvalues[i].name = loadStringN(S, f);
+}
+
+
+static void loadFunction (LoadState *S, Proto *f, TString *psource) {
+ f->source = loadStringN(S, f);
+ if (f->source == NULL) /* no source in dump? */
+ f->source = psource; /* reuse parent's source */
+ f->linedefined = loadInt(S);
+ f->lastlinedefined = loadInt(S);
+ f->numparams = loadByte(S);
+ f->is_vararg = loadByte(S);
+ f->maxstacksize = loadByte(S);
+ loadCode(S, f);
+ loadConstants(S, f);
+ loadUpvalues(S, f);
+ loadProtos(S, f);
+ loadDebug(S, f);
+}
+
+
+static void checkliteral (LoadState *S, const char *s, const char *msg) {
+ char buff[sizeof(LUA_SIGNATURE) + sizeof(LUAC_DATA)]; /* larger than both */
+ size_t len = strlen(s);
+ loadVector(S, buff, len);
+ if (memcmp(s, buff, len) != 0)
+ error(S, msg);
+}
+
+
+static void fchecksize (LoadState *S, size_t size, const char *tname) {
+ if (loadByte(S) != size)
+ error(S, luaO_pushfstring(S->L, "%s size mismatch", tname));
+}
+
+
+#define checksize(S,t) fchecksize(S,sizeof(t),#t)
+
+static void checkHeader (LoadState *S) {
+ /* skip 1st char (already read and checked) */
+ checkliteral(S, &LUA_SIGNATURE[1], "not a binary chunk");
+ if (loadByte(S) != LUAC_VERSION)
+ error(S, "version mismatch");
+ if (loadByte(S) != LUAC_FORMAT)
+ error(S, "format mismatch");
+ checkliteral(S, LUAC_DATA, "corrupted chunk");
+ checksize(S, Instruction);
+ checksize(S, lua_Integer);
+ checksize(S, lua_Number);
+ if (loadInteger(S) != LUAC_INT)
+ error(S, "integer format mismatch");
+ if (loadNumber(S) != LUAC_NUM)
+ error(S, "float format mismatch");
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Load precompiled chunk.
+*/
+LClosure *luaU_undump(lua_State *L, ZIO *Z, const char *name) {
+ LoadState S;
+ LClosure *cl;
+ if (*name == '@' || *name == '=')
+ S.name = name + 1;
+ else if (*name == LUA_SIGNATURE[0])
+ S.name = "binary string";
+ else
+ S.name = name;
+ S.L = L;
+ S.Z = Z;
+ checkHeader(&S);
+ cl = luaF_newLclosure(L, loadByte(&S));
+ setclLvalue2s(L, L->top.p, cl);
+ luaD_inctop(L);
+ cl->p = luaF_newproto(L);
+ luaC_objbarrier(L, cl, cl->p);
+ loadFunction(&S, cl->p, NULL);
+ lua_assert(cl->nupvalues == cl->p->sizeupvalues);
+ luai_verifycode(L, cl->p);
+ return cl;
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lundump.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lundump.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f3748a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lundump.h
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lundump.h $
+** load precompiled Lua chunks
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef lundump_h
+#define lundump_h
+
+#include "llimits.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lzio.h"
+
+
+/* data to catch conversion errors */
+#define LUAC_DATA "\x19\x93\r\n\x1a\n"
+
+#define LUAC_INT 0x5678
+#define LUAC_NUM cast_num(370.5)
+
+/*
+** Encode major-minor version in one byte, one nibble for each
+*/
+#define MYINT(s) (s[0]-'0') /* assume one-digit numerals */
+#define LUAC_VERSION (MYINT(LUA_VERSION_MAJOR)*16+MYINT(LUA_VERSION_MINOR))
+
+#define LUAC_FORMAT 0 /* this is the official format */
+
+/* load one chunk; from lundump.c */
+LUAI_FUNC LClosure* luaU_undump (lua_State* L, ZIO* Z, const char* name);
+
+/* dump one chunk; from ldump.c */
+LUAI_FUNC int luaU_dump (lua_State* L, const Proto* f, lua_Writer w,
+ void* data, int strip);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lutf8lib.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lutf8lib.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a5b9bc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lutf8lib.c
@@ -0,0 +1,291 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lutf8lib.c $
+** Standard library for UTF-8 manipulation
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lutf8lib_c
+#define LUA_LIB
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lauxlib.h"
+#include "lualib.h"
+
+
+#define MAXUNICODE 0x10FFFFu
+
+#define MAXUTF 0x7FFFFFFFu
+
+
+#define MSGInvalid "invalid UTF-8 code"
+
+/*
+** Integer type for decoded UTF-8 values; MAXUTF needs 31 bits.
+*/
+#if (UINT_MAX >> 30) >= 1
+typedef unsigned int utfint;
+#else
+typedef unsigned long utfint;
+#endif
+
+
+#define iscont(c) (((c) & 0xC0) == 0x80)
+#define iscontp(p) iscont(*(p))
+
+
+/* from strlib */
+/* translate a relative string position: negative means back from end */
+static lua_Integer u_posrelat (lua_Integer pos, size_t len) {
+ if (pos >= 0) return pos;
+ else if (0u - (size_t)pos > len) return 0;
+ else return (lua_Integer)len + pos + 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Decode one UTF-8 sequence, returning NULL if byte sequence is
+** invalid. The array 'limits' stores the minimum value for each
+** sequence length, to check for overlong representations. Its first
+** entry forces an error for non-ascii bytes with no continuation
+** bytes (count == 0).
+*/
+static const char *utf8_decode (const char *s, utfint *val, int strict) {
+ static const utfint limits[] =
+ {~(utfint)0, 0x80, 0x800, 0x10000u, 0x200000u, 0x4000000u};
+ unsigned int c = (unsigned char)s[0];
+ utfint res = 0; /* final result */
+ if (c < 0x80) /* ascii? */
+ res = c;
+ else {
+ int count = 0; /* to count number of continuation bytes */
+ for (; c & 0x40; c <<= 1) { /* while it needs continuation bytes... */
+ unsigned int cc = (unsigned char)s[++count]; /* read next byte */
+ if (!iscont(cc)) /* not a continuation byte? */
+ return NULL; /* invalid byte sequence */
+ res = (res << 6) | (cc & 0x3F); /* add lower 6 bits from cont. byte */
+ }
+ res |= ((utfint)(c & 0x7F) << (count * 5)); /* add first byte */
+ if (count > 5 || res > MAXUTF || res < limits[count])
+ return NULL; /* invalid byte sequence */
+ s += count; /* skip continuation bytes read */
+ }
+ if (strict) {
+ /* check for invalid code points; too large or surrogates */
+ if (res > MAXUNICODE || (0xD800u <= res && res <= 0xDFFFu))
+ return NULL;
+ }
+ if (val) *val = res;
+ return s + 1; /* +1 to include first byte */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** utf8len(s [, i [, j [, lax]]]) --> number of characters that
+** start in the range [i,j], or nil + current position if 's' is not
+** well formed in that interval
+*/
+static int utflen (lua_State *L) {
+ lua_Integer n = 0; /* counter for the number of characters */
+ size_t len; /* string length in bytes */
+ const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &len);
+ lua_Integer posi = u_posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1), len);
+ lua_Integer posj = u_posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, -1), len);
+ int lax = lua_toboolean(L, 4);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, 1 <= posi && --posi <= (lua_Integer)len, 2,
+ "initial position out of bounds");
+ luaL_argcheck(L, --posj < (lua_Integer)len, 3,
+ "final position out of bounds");
+ while (posi <= posj) {
+ const char *s1 = utf8_decode(s + posi, NULL, !lax);
+ if (s1 == NULL) { /* conversion error? */
+ luaL_pushfail(L); /* return fail ... */
+ lua_pushinteger(L, posi + 1); /* ... and current position */
+ return 2;
+ }
+ posi = s1 - s;
+ n++;
+ }
+ lua_pushinteger(L, n);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** codepoint(s, [i, [j [, lax]]]) -> returns codepoints for all
+** characters that start in the range [i,j]
+*/
+static int codepoint (lua_State *L) {
+ size_t len;
+ const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &len);
+ lua_Integer posi = u_posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 2, 1), len);
+ lua_Integer pose = u_posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, posi), len);
+ int lax = lua_toboolean(L, 4);
+ int n;
+ const char *se;
+ luaL_argcheck(L, posi >= 1, 2, "out of bounds");
+ luaL_argcheck(L, pose <= (lua_Integer)len, 3, "out of bounds");
+ if (posi > pose) return 0; /* empty interval; return no values */
+ if (pose - posi >= INT_MAX) /* (lua_Integer -> int) overflow? */
+ return luaL_error(L, "string slice too long");
+ n = (int)(pose - posi) + 1; /* upper bound for number of returns */
+ luaL_checkstack(L, n, "string slice too long");
+ n = 0; /* count the number of returns */
+ se = s + pose; /* string end */
+ for (s += posi - 1; s < se;) {
+ utfint code;
+ s = utf8_decode(s, &code, !lax);
+ if (s == NULL)
+ return luaL_error(L, MSGInvalid);
+ lua_pushinteger(L, code);
+ n++;
+ }
+ return n;
+}
+
+
+static void pushutfchar (lua_State *L, int arg) {
+ lua_Unsigned code = (lua_Unsigned)luaL_checkinteger(L, arg);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, code <= MAXUTF, arg, "value out of range");
+ lua_pushfstring(L, "%U", (long)code);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** utfchar(n1, n2, ...) -> char(n1)..char(n2)...
+*/
+static int utfchar (lua_State *L) {
+ int n = lua_gettop(L); /* number of arguments */
+ if (n == 1) /* optimize common case of single char */
+ pushutfchar(L, 1);
+ else {
+ int i;
+ luaL_Buffer b;
+ luaL_buffinit(L, &b);
+ for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+ pushutfchar(L, i);
+ luaL_addvalue(&b);
+ }
+ luaL_pushresult(&b);
+ }
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** offset(s, n, [i]) -> index where n-th character counting from
+** position 'i' starts; 0 means character at 'i'.
+*/
+static int byteoffset (lua_State *L) {
+ size_t len;
+ const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &len);
+ lua_Integer n = luaL_checkinteger(L, 2);
+ lua_Integer posi = (n >= 0) ? 1 : len + 1;
+ posi = u_posrelat(luaL_optinteger(L, 3, posi), len);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, 1 <= posi && --posi <= (lua_Integer)len, 3,
+ "position out of bounds");
+ if (n == 0) {
+ /* find beginning of current byte sequence */
+ while (posi > 0 && iscontp(s + posi)) posi--;
+ }
+ else {
+ if (iscontp(s + posi))
+ return luaL_error(L, "initial position is a continuation byte");
+ if (n < 0) {
+ while (n < 0 && posi > 0) { /* move back */
+ do { /* find beginning of previous character */
+ posi--;
+ } while (posi > 0 && iscontp(s + posi));
+ n++;
+ }
+ }
+ else {
+ n--; /* do not move for 1st character */
+ while (n > 0 && posi < (lua_Integer)len) {
+ do { /* find beginning of next character */
+ posi++;
+ } while (iscontp(s + posi)); /* (cannot pass final '\0') */
+ n--;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ if (n == 0) /* did it find given character? */
+ lua_pushinteger(L, posi + 1);
+ else /* no such character */
+ luaL_pushfail(L);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+
+static int iter_aux (lua_State *L, int strict) {
+ size_t len;
+ const char *s = luaL_checklstring(L, 1, &len);
+ lua_Unsigned n = (lua_Unsigned)lua_tointeger(L, 2);
+ if (n < len) {
+ while (iscontp(s + n)) n++; /* go to next character */
+ }
+ if (n >= len) /* (also handles original 'n' being negative) */
+ return 0; /* no more codepoints */
+ else {
+ utfint code;
+ const char *next = utf8_decode(s + n, &code, strict);
+ if (next == NULL || iscontp(next))
+ return luaL_error(L, MSGInvalid);
+ lua_pushinteger(L, n + 1);
+ lua_pushinteger(L, code);
+ return 2;
+ }
+}
+
+
+static int iter_auxstrict (lua_State *L) {
+ return iter_aux(L, 1);
+}
+
+static int iter_auxlax (lua_State *L) {
+ return iter_aux(L, 0);
+}
+
+
+static int iter_codes (lua_State *L) {
+ int lax = lua_toboolean(L, 2);
+ const char *s = luaL_checkstring(L, 1);
+ luaL_argcheck(L, !iscontp(s), 1, MSGInvalid);
+ lua_pushcfunction(L, lax ? iter_auxlax : iter_auxstrict);
+ lua_pushvalue(L, 1);
+ lua_pushinteger(L, 0);
+ return 3;
+}
+
+
+/* pattern to match a single UTF-8 character */
+#define UTF8PATT "[\0-\x7F\xC2-\xFD][\x80-\xBF]*"
+
+
+static const luaL_Reg funcs[] = {
+ {"offset", byteoffset},
+ {"codepoint", codepoint},
+ {"char", utfchar},
+ {"len", utflen},
+ {"codes", iter_codes},
+ /* placeholders */
+ {"charpattern", NULL},
+ {NULL, NULL}
+};
+
+
+LUAMOD_API int luaopen_utf8 (lua_State *L) {
+ luaL_newlib(L, funcs);
+ lua_pushlstring(L, UTF8PATT, sizeof(UTF8PATT)/sizeof(char) - 1);
+ lua_setfield(L, -2, "charpattern");
+ return 1;
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lvm.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lvm.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8493a77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lvm.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1901 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lvm.c $
+** Lua virtual machine
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lvm_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "ldebug.h"
+#include "ldo.h"
+#include "lfunc.h"
+#include "lgc.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "lopcodes.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+#include "lstring.h"
+#include "ltable.h"
+#include "ltm.h"
+#include "lvm.h"
+
+
+/*
+** By default, use jump tables in the main interpreter loop on gcc
+** and compatible compilers.
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_USE_JUMPTABLE)
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+#define LUA_USE_JUMPTABLE 1
+#else
+#define LUA_USE_JUMPTABLE 0
+#endif
+#endif
+
+
+
+/* limit for table tag-method chains (to avoid infinite loops) */
+#define MAXTAGLOOP 2000
+
+
+/*
+** 'l_intfitsf' checks whether a given integer is in the range that
+** can be converted to a float without rounding. Used in comparisons.
+*/
+
+/* number of bits in the mantissa of a float */
+#define NBM (l_floatatt(MANT_DIG))
+
+/*
+** Check whether some integers may not fit in a float, testing whether
+** (maxinteger >> NBM) > 0. (That implies (1 << NBM) <= maxinteger.)
+** (The shifts are done in parts, to avoid shifting by more than the size
+** of an integer. In a worst case, NBM == 113 for long double and
+** sizeof(long) == 32.)
+*/
+#if ((((LUA_MAXINTEGER >> (NBM / 4)) >> (NBM / 4)) >> (NBM / 4)) \
+ >> (NBM - (3 * (NBM / 4)))) > 0
+
+/* limit for integers that fit in a float */
+#define MAXINTFITSF ((lua_Unsigned)1 << NBM)
+
+/* check whether 'i' is in the interval [-MAXINTFITSF, MAXINTFITSF] */
+#define l_intfitsf(i) ((MAXINTFITSF + l_castS2U(i)) <= (2 * MAXINTFITSF))
+
+#else /* all integers fit in a float precisely */
+
+#define l_intfitsf(i) 1
+
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** Try to convert a value from string to a number value.
+** If the value is not a string or is a string not representing
+** a valid numeral (or if coercions from strings to numbers
+** are disabled via macro 'cvt2num'), do not modify 'result'
+** and return 0.
+*/
+static int l_strton (const TValue *obj, TValue *result) {
+ lua_assert(obj != result);
+ if (!cvt2num(obj)) /* is object not a string? */
+ return 0;
+ else
+ return (luaO_str2num(svalue(obj), result) == vslen(obj) + 1);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Try to convert a value to a float. The float case is already handled
+** by the macro 'tonumber'.
+*/
+int luaV_tonumber_ (const TValue *obj, lua_Number *n) {
+ TValue v;
+ if (ttisinteger(obj)) {
+ *n = cast_num(ivalue(obj));
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else if (l_strton(obj, &v)) { /* string coercible to number? */
+ *n = nvalue(&v); /* convert result of 'luaO_str2num' to a float */
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else
+ return 0; /* conversion failed */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** try to convert a float to an integer, rounding according to 'mode'.
+*/
+int luaV_flttointeger (lua_Number n, lua_Integer *p, F2Imod mode) {
+ lua_Number f = l_floor(n);
+ if (n != f) { /* not an integral value? */
+ if (mode == F2Ieq) return 0; /* fails if mode demands integral value */
+ else if (mode == F2Iceil) /* needs ceil? */
+ f += 1; /* convert floor to ceil (remember: n != f) */
+ }
+ return lua_numbertointeger(f, p);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** try to convert a value to an integer, rounding according to 'mode',
+** without string coercion.
+** ("Fast track" handled by macro 'tointegerns'.)
+*/
+int luaV_tointegerns (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p, F2Imod mode) {
+ if (ttisfloat(obj))
+ return luaV_flttointeger(fltvalue(obj), p, mode);
+ else if (ttisinteger(obj)) {
+ *p = ivalue(obj);
+ return 1;
+ }
+ else
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** try to convert a value to an integer.
+*/
+int luaV_tointeger (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p, F2Imod mode) {
+ TValue v;
+ if (l_strton(obj, &v)) /* does 'obj' point to a numerical string? */
+ obj = &v; /* change it to point to its corresponding number */
+ return luaV_tointegerns(obj, p, mode);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Try to convert a 'for' limit to an integer, preserving the semantics
+** of the loop. Return true if the loop must not run; otherwise, '*p'
+** gets the integer limit.
+** (The following explanation assumes a positive step; it is valid for
+** negative steps mutatis mutandis.)
+** If the limit is an integer or can be converted to an integer,
+** rounding down, that is the limit.
+** Otherwise, check whether the limit can be converted to a float. If
+** the float is too large, clip it to LUA_MAXINTEGER. If the float
+** is too negative, the loop should not run, because any initial
+** integer value is greater than such limit; so, the function returns
+** true to signal that. (For this latter case, no integer limit would be
+** correct; even a limit of LUA_MININTEGER would run the loop once for
+** an initial value equal to LUA_MININTEGER.)
+*/
+static int forlimit (lua_State *L, lua_Integer init, const TValue *lim,
+ lua_Integer *p, lua_Integer step) {
+ if (!luaV_tointeger(lim, p, (step < 0 ? F2Iceil : F2Ifloor))) {
+ /* not coercible to in integer */
+ lua_Number flim; /* try to convert to float */
+ if (!tonumber(lim, &flim)) /* cannot convert to float? */
+ luaG_forerror(L, lim, "limit");
+ /* else 'flim' is a float out of integer bounds */
+ if (luai_numlt(0, flim)) { /* if it is positive, it is too large */
+ if (step < 0) return 1; /* initial value must be less than it */
+ *p = LUA_MAXINTEGER; /* truncate */
+ }
+ else { /* it is less than min integer */
+ if (step > 0) return 1; /* initial value must be greater than it */
+ *p = LUA_MININTEGER; /* truncate */
+ }
+ }
+ return (step > 0 ? init > *p : init < *p); /* not to run? */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Prepare a numerical for loop (opcode OP_FORPREP).
+** Return true to skip the loop. Otherwise,
+** after preparation, stack will be as follows:
+** ra : internal index (safe copy of the control variable)
+** ra + 1 : loop counter (integer loops) or limit (float loops)
+** ra + 2 : step
+** ra + 3 : control variable
+*/
+static int forprep (lua_State *L, StkId ra) {
+ TValue *pinit = s2v(ra);
+ TValue *plimit = s2v(ra + 1);
+ TValue *pstep = s2v(ra + 2);
+ if (ttisinteger(pinit) && ttisinteger(pstep)) { /* integer loop? */
+ lua_Integer init = ivalue(pinit);
+ lua_Integer step = ivalue(pstep);
+ lua_Integer limit;
+ if (step == 0)
+ luaG_runerror(L, "'for' step is zero");
+ setivalue(s2v(ra + 3), init); /* control variable */
+ if (forlimit(L, init, plimit, &limit, step))
+ return 1; /* skip the loop */
+ else { /* prepare loop counter */
+ lua_Unsigned count;
+ if (step > 0) { /* ascending loop? */
+ count = l_castS2U(limit) - l_castS2U(init);
+ if (step != 1) /* avoid division in the too common case */
+ count /= l_castS2U(step);
+ }
+ else { /* step < 0; descending loop */
+ count = l_castS2U(init) - l_castS2U(limit);
+ /* 'step+1' avoids negating 'mininteger' */
+ count /= l_castS2U(-(step + 1)) + 1u;
+ }
+ /* store the counter in place of the limit (which won't be
+ needed anymore) */
+ setivalue(plimit, l_castU2S(count));
+ }
+ }
+ else { /* try making all values floats */
+ lua_Number init; lua_Number limit; lua_Number step;
+ if (l_unlikely(!tonumber(plimit, &limit)))
+ luaG_forerror(L, plimit, "limit");
+ if (l_unlikely(!tonumber(pstep, &step)))
+ luaG_forerror(L, pstep, "step");
+ if (l_unlikely(!tonumber(pinit, &init)))
+ luaG_forerror(L, pinit, "initial value");
+ if (step == 0)
+ luaG_runerror(L, "'for' step is zero");
+ if (luai_numlt(0, step) ? luai_numlt(limit, init)
+ : luai_numlt(init, limit))
+ return 1; /* skip the loop */
+ else {
+ /* make sure internal values are all floats */
+ setfltvalue(plimit, limit);
+ setfltvalue(pstep, step);
+ setfltvalue(s2v(ra), init); /* internal index */
+ setfltvalue(s2v(ra + 3), init); /* control variable */
+ }
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Execute a step of a float numerical for loop, returning
+** true iff the loop must continue. (The integer case is
+** written online with opcode OP_FORLOOP, for performance.)
+*/
+static int floatforloop (StkId ra) {
+ lua_Number step = fltvalue(s2v(ra + 2));
+ lua_Number limit = fltvalue(s2v(ra + 1));
+ lua_Number idx = fltvalue(s2v(ra)); /* internal index */
+ idx = luai_numadd(L, idx, step); /* increment index */
+ if (luai_numlt(0, step) ? luai_numle(idx, limit)
+ : luai_numle(limit, idx)) {
+ chgfltvalue(s2v(ra), idx); /* update internal index */
+ setfltvalue(s2v(ra + 3), idx); /* and control variable */
+ return 1; /* jump back */
+ }
+ else
+ return 0; /* finish the loop */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Finish the table access 'val = t[key]'.
+** if 'slot' is NULL, 't' is not a table; otherwise, 'slot' points to
+** t[k] entry (which must be empty).
+*/
+void luaV_finishget (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key, StkId val,
+ const TValue *slot) {
+ int loop; /* counter to avoid infinite loops */
+ const TValue *tm; /* metamethod */
+ for (loop = 0; loop < MAXTAGLOOP; loop++) {
+ if (slot == NULL) { /* 't' is not a table? */
+ lua_assert(!ttistable(t));
+ tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, t, TM_INDEX);
+ if (l_unlikely(notm(tm)))
+ luaG_typeerror(L, t, "index"); /* no metamethod */
+ /* else will try the metamethod */
+ }
+ else { /* 't' is a table */
+ lua_assert(isempty(slot));
+ tm = fasttm(L, hvalue(t)->metatable, TM_INDEX); /* table's metamethod */
+ if (tm == NULL) { /* no metamethod? */
+ setnilvalue(s2v(val)); /* result is nil */
+ return;
+ }
+ /* else will try the metamethod */
+ }
+ if (ttisfunction(tm)) { /* is metamethod a function? */
+ luaT_callTMres(L, tm, t, key, val); /* call it */
+ return;
+ }
+ t = tm; /* else try to access 'tm[key]' */
+ if (luaV_fastget(L, t, key, slot, luaH_get)) { /* fast track? */
+ setobj2s(L, val, slot); /* done */
+ return;
+ }
+ /* else repeat (tail call 'luaV_finishget') */
+ }
+ luaG_runerror(L, "'__index' chain too long; possible loop");
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Finish a table assignment 't[key] = val'.
+** If 'slot' is NULL, 't' is not a table. Otherwise, 'slot' points
+** to the entry 't[key]', or to a value with an absent key if there
+** is no such entry. (The value at 'slot' must be empty, otherwise
+** 'luaV_fastget' would have done the job.)
+*/
+void luaV_finishset (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,
+ TValue *val, const TValue *slot) {
+ int loop; /* counter to avoid infinite loops */
+ for (loop = 0; loop < MAXTAGLOOP; loop++) {
+ const TValue *tm; /* '__newindex' metamethod */
+ if (slot != NULL) { /* is 't' a table? */
+ Table *h = hvalue(t); /* save 't' table */
+ lua_assert(isempty(slot)); /* slot must be empty */
+ tm = fasttm(L, h->metatable, TM_NEWINDEX); /* get metamethod */
+ if (tm == NULL) { /* no metamethod? */
+ luaH_finishset(L, h, key, slot, val); /* set new value */
+ invalidateTMcache(h);
+ luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(h), val);
+ return;
+ }
+ /* else will try the metamethod */
+ }
+ else { /* not a table; check metamethod */
+ tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, t, TM_NEWINDEX);
+ if (l_unlikely(notm(tm)))
+ luaG_typeerror(L, t, "index");
+ }
+ /* try the metamethod */
+ if (ttisfunction(tm)) {
+ luaT_callTM(L, tm, t, key, val);
+ return;
+ }
+ t = tm; /* else repeat assignment over 'tm' */
+ if (luaV_fastget(L, t, key, slot, luaH_get)) {
+ luaV_finishfastset(L, t, slot, val);
+ return; /* done */
+ }
+ /* else 'return luaV_finishset(L, t, key, val, slot)' (loop) */
+ }
+ luaG_runerror(L, "'__newindex' chain too long; possible loop");
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Compare two strings 'ls' x 'rs', returning an integer less-equal-
+** -greater than zero if 'ls' is less-equal-greater than 'rs'.
+** The code is a little tricky because it allows '\0' in the strings
+** and it uses 'strcoll' (to respect locales) for each segments
+** of the strings.
+*/
+static int l_strcmp (const TString *ls, const TString *rs) {
+ const char *l = getstr(ls);
+ size_t ll = tsslen(ls);
+ const char *r = getstr(rs);
+ size_t lr = tsslen(rs);
+ for (;;) { /* for each segment */
+ int temp = strcoll(l, r);
+ if (temp != 0) /* not equal? */
+ return temp; /* done */
+ else { /* strings are equal up to a '\0' */
+ size_t len = strlen(l); /* index of first '\0' in both strings */
+ if (len == lr) /* 'rs' is finished? */
+ return (len == ll) ? 0 : 1; /* check 'ls' */
+ else if (len == ll) /* 'ls' is finished? */
+ return -1; /* 'ls' is less than 'rs' ('rs' is not finished) */
+ /* both strings longer than 'len'; go on comparing after the '\0' */
+ len++;
+ l += len; ll -= len; r += len; lr -= len;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether integer 'i' is less than float 'f'. If 'i' has an
+** exact representation as a float ('l_intfitsf'), compare numbers as
+** floats. Otherwise, use the equivalence 'i < f <=> i < ceil(f)'.
+** If 'ceil(f)' is out of integer range, either 'f' is greater than
+** all integers or less than all integers.
+** (The test with 'l_intfitsf' is only for performance; the else
+** case is correct for all values, but it is slow due to the conversion
+** from float to int.)
+** When 'f' is NaN, comparisons must result in false.
+*/
+l_sinline int LTintfloat (lua_Integer i, lua_Number f) {
+ if (l_intfitsf(i))
+ return luai_numlt(cast_num(i), f); /* compare them as floats */
+ else { /* i < f <=> i < ceil(f) */
+ lua_Integer fi;
+ if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &fi, F2Iceil)) /* fi = ceil(f) */
+ return i < fi; /* compare them as integers */
+ else /* 'f' is either greater or less than all integers */
+ return f > 0; /* greater? */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether integer 'i' is less than or equal to float 'f'.
+** See comments on previous function.
+*/
+l_sinline int LEintfloat (lua_Integer i, lua_Number f) {
+ if (l_intfitsf(i))
+ return luai_numle(cast_num(i), f); /* compare them as floats */
+ else { /* i <= f <=> i <= floor(f) */
+ lua_Integer fi;
+ if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &fi, F2Ifloor)) /* fi = floor(f) */
+ return i <= fi; /* compare them as integers */
+ else /* 'f' is either greater or less than all integers */
+ return f > 0; /* greater? */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether float 'f' is less than integer 'i'.
+** See comments on previous function.
+*/
+l_sinline int LTfloatint (lua_Number f, lua_Integer i) {
+ if (l_intfitsf(i))
+ return luai_numlt(f, cast_num(i)); /* compare them as floats */
+ else { /* f < i <=> floor(f) < i */
+ lua_Integer fi;
+ if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &fi, F2Ifloor)) /* fi = floor(f) */
+ return fi < i; /* compare them as integers */
+ else /* 'f' is either greater or less than all integers */
+ return f < 0; /* less? */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Check whether float 'f' is less than or equal to integer 'i'.
+** See comments on previous function.
+*/
+l_sinline int LEfloatint (lua_Number f, lua_Integer i) {
+ if (l_intfitsf(i))
+ return luai_numle(f, cast_num(i)); /* compare them as floats */
+ else { /* f <= i <=> ceil(f) <= i */
+ lua_Integer fi;
+ if (luaV_flttointeger(f, &fi, F2Iceil)) /* fi = ceil(f) */
+ return fi <= i; /* compare them as integers */
+ else /* 'f' is either greater or less than all integers */
+ return f < 0; /* less? */
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Return 'l < r', for numbers.
+*/
+l_sinline int LTnum (const TValue *l, const TValue *r) {
+ lua_assert(ttisnumber(l) && ttisnumber(r));
+ if (ttisinteger(l)) {
+ lua_Integer li = ivalue(l);
+ if (ttisinteger(r))
+ return li < ivalue(r); /* both are integers */
+ else /* 'l' is int and 'r' is float */
+ return LTintfloat(li, fltvalue(r)); /* l < r ? */
+ }
+ else {
+ lua_Number lf = fltvalue(l); /* 'l' must be float */
+ if (ttisfloat(r))
+ return luai_numlt(lf, fltvalue(r)); /* both are float */
+ else /* 'l' is float and 'r' is int */
+ return LTfloatint(lf, ivalue(r));
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Return 'l <= r', for numbers.
+*/
+l_sinline int LEnum (const TValue *l, const TValue *r) {
+ lua_assert(ttisnumber(l) && ttisnumber(r));
+ if (ttisinteger(l)) {
+ lua_Integer li = ivalue(l);
+ if (ttisinteger(r))
+ return li <= ivalue(r); /* both are integers */
+ else /* 'l' is int and 'r' is float */
+ return LEintfloat(li, fltvalue(r)); /* l <= r ? */
+ }
+ else {
+ lua_Number lf = fltvalue(l); /* 'l' must be float */
+ if (ttisfloat(r))
+ return luai_numle(lf, fltvalue(r)); /* both are float */
+ else /* 'l' is float and 'r' is int */
+ return LEfloatint(lf, ivalue(r));
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** return 'l < r' for non-numbers.
+*/
+static int lessthanothers (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r) {
+ lua_assert(!ttisnumber(l) || !ttisnumber(r));
+ if (ttisstring(l) && ttisstring(r)) /* both are strings? */
+ return l_strcmp(tsvalue(l), tsvalue(r)) < 0;
+ else
+ return luaT_callorderTM(L, l, r, TM_LT);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Main operation less than; return 'l < r'.
+*/
+int luaV_lessthan (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r) {
+ if (ttisnumber(l) && ttisnumber(r)) /* both operands are numbers? */
+ return LTnum(l, r);
+ else return lessthanothers(L, l, r);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** return 'l <= r' for non-numbers.
+*/
+static int lessequalothers (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r) {
+ lua_assert(!ttisnumber(l) || !ttisnumber(r));
+ if (ttisstring(l) && ttisstring(r)) /* both are strings? */
+ return l_strcmp(tsvalue(l), tsvalue(r)) <= 0;
+ else
+ return luaT_callorderTM(L, l, r, TM_LE);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Main operation less than or equal to; return 'l <= r'.
+*/
+int luaV_lessequal (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r) {
+ if (ttisnumber(l) && ttisnumber(r)) /* both operands are numbers? */
+ return LEnum(l, r);
+ else return lessequalothers(L, l, r);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Main operation for equality of Lua values; return 't1 == t2'.
+** L == NULL means raw equality (no metamethods)
+*/
+int luaV_equalobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2) {
+ const TValue *tm;
+ if (ttypetag(t1) != ttypetag(t2)) { /* not the same variant? */
+ if (ttype(t1) != ttype(t2) || ttype(t1) != LUA_TNUMBER)
+ return 0; /* only numbers can be equal with different variants */
+ else { /* two numbers with different variants */
+ /* One of them is an integer. If the other does not have an
+ integer value, they cannot be equal; otherwise, compare their
+ integer values. */
+ lua_Integer i1, i2;
+ return (luaV_tointegerns(t1, &i1, F2Ieq) &&
+ luaV_tointegerns(t2, &i2, F2Ieq) &&
+ i1 == i2);
+ }
+ }
+ /* values have same type and same variant */
+ switch (ttypetag(t1)) {
+ case LUA_VNIL: case LUA_VFALSE: case LUA_VTRUE: return 1;
+ case LUA_VNUMINT: return (ivalue(t1) == ivalue(t2));
+ case LUA_VNUMFLT: return luai_numeq(fltvalue(t1), fltvalue(t2));
+ case LUA_VLIGHTUSERDATA: return pvalue(t1) == pvalue(t2);
+ case LUA_VLCF: return fvalue(t1) == fvalue(t2);
+ case LUA_VSHRSTR: return eqshrstr(tsvalue(t1), tsvalue(t2));
+ case LUA_VLNGSTR: return luaS_eqlngstr(tsvalue(t1), tsvalue(t2));
+ case LUA_VUSERDATA: {
+ if (uvalue(t1) == uvalue(t2)) return 1;
+ else if (L == NULL) return 0;
+ tm = fasttm(L, uvalue(t1)->metatable, TM_EQ);
+ if (tm == NULL)
+ tm = fasttm(L, uvalue(t2)->metatable, TM_EQ);
+ break; /* will try TM */
+ }
+ case LUA_VTABLE: {
+ if (hvalue(t1) == hvalue(t2)) return 1;
+ else if (L == NULL) return 0;
+ tm = fasttm(L, hvalue(t1)->metatable, TM_EQ);
+ if (tm == NULL)
+ tm = fasttm(L, hvalue(t2)->metatable, TM_EQ);
+ break; /* will try TM */
+ }
+ default:
+ return gcvalue(t1) == gcvalue(t2);
+ }
+ if (tm == NULL) /* no TM? */
+ return 0; /* objects are different */
+ else {
+ luaT_callTMres(L, tm, t1, t2, L->top.p); /* call TM */
+ return !l_isfalse(s2v(L->top.p));
+ }
+}
+
+
+/* macro used by 'luaV_concat' to ensure that element at 'o' is a string */
+#define tostring(L,o) \
+ (ttisstring(o) || (cvt2str(o) && (luaO_tostring(L, o), 1)))
+
+#define isemptystr(o) (ttisshrstring(o) && tsvalue(o)->shrlen == 0)
+
+/* copy strings in stack from top - n up to top - 1 to buffer */
+static void copy2buff (StkId top, int n, char *buff) {
+ size_t tl = 0; /* size already copied */
+ do {
+ size_t l = vslen(s2v(top - n)); /* length of string being copied */
+ memcpy(buff + tl, svalue(s2v(top - n)), l * sizeof(char));
+ tl += l;
+ } while (--n > 0);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Main operation for concatenation: concat 'total' values in the stack,
+** from 'L->top.p - total' up to 'L->top.p - 1'.
+*/
+void luaV_concat (lua_State *L, int total) {
+ if (total == 1)
+ return; /* "all" values already concatenated */
+ do {
+ StkId top = L->top.p;
+ int n = 2; /* number of elements handled in this pass (at least 2) */
+ if (!(ttisstring(s2v(top - 2)) || cvt2str(s2v(top - 2))) ||
+ !tostring(L, s2v(top - 1)))
+ luaT_tryconcatTM(L); /* may invalidate 'top' */
+ else if (isemptystr(s2v(top - 1))) /* second operand is empty? */
+ cast_void(tostring(L, s2v(top - 2))); /* result is first operand */
+ else if (isemptystr(s2v(top - 2))) { /* first operand is empty string? */
+ setobjs2s(L, top - 2, top - 1); /* result is second op. */
+ }
+ else {
+ /* at least two non-empty string values; get as many as possible */
+ size_t tl = vslen(s2v(top - 1));
+ TString *ts;
+ /* collect total length and number of strings */
+ for (n = 1; n < total && tostring(L, s2v(top - n - 1)); n++) {
+ size_t l = vslen(s2v(top - n - 1));
+ if (l_unlikely(l >= (MAX_SIZE/sizeof(char)) - tl)) {
+ L->top.p = top - total; /* pop strings to avoid wasting stack */
+ luaG_runerror(L, "string length overflow");
+ }
+ tl += l;
+ }
+ if (tl <= LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN) { /* is result a short string? */
+ char buff[LUAI_MAXSHORTLEN];
+ copy2buff(top, n, buff); /* copy strings to buffer */
+ ts = luaS_newlstr(L, buff, tl);
+ }
+ else { /* long string; copy strings directly to final result */
+ ts = luaS_createlngstrobj(L, tl);
+ copy2buff(top, n, getstr(ts));
+ }
+ setsvalue2s(L, top - n, ts); /* create result */
+ }
+ total -= n - 1; /* got 'n' strings to create one new */
+ L->top.p -= n - 1; /* popped 'n' strings and pushed one */
+ } while (total > 1); /* repeat until only 1 result left */
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Main operation 'ra = #rb'.
+*/
+void luaV_objlen (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb) {
+ const TValue *tm;
+ switch (ttypetag(rb)) {
+ case LUA_VTABLE: {
+ Table *h = hvalue(rb);
+ tm = fasttm(L, h->metatable, TM_LEN);
+ if (tm) break; /* metamethod? break switch to call it */
+ setivalue(s2v(ra), luaH_getn(h)); /* else primitive len */
+ return;
+ }
+ case LUA_VSHRSTR: {
+ setivalue(s2v(ra), tsvalue(rb)->shrlen);
+ return;
+ }
+ case LUA_VLNGSTR: {
+ setivalue(s2v(ra), tsvalue(rb)->u.lnglen);
+ return;
+ }
+ default: { /* try metamethod */
+ tm = luaT_gettmbyobj(L, rb, TM_LEN);
+ if (l_unlikely(notm(tm))) /* no metamethod? */
+ luaG_typeerror(L, rb, "get length of");
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+ luaT_callTMres(L, tm, rb, rb, ra);
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Integer division; return 'm // n', that is, floor(m/n).
+** C division truncates its result (rounds towards zero).
+** 'floor(q) == trunc(q)' when 'q >= 0' or when 'q' is integer,
+** otherwise 'floor(q) == trunc(q) - 1'.
+*/
+lua_Integer luaV_idiv (lua_State *L, lua_Integer m, lua_Integer n) {
+ if (l_unlikely(l_castS2U(n) + 1u <= 1u)) { /* special cases: -1 or 0 */
+ if (n == 0)
+ luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to divide by zero");
+ return intop(-, 0, m); /* n==-1; avoid overflow with 0x80000...//-1 */
+ }
+ else {
+ lua_Integer q = m / n; /* perform C division */
+ if ((m ^ n) < 0 && m % n != 0) /* 'm/n' would be negative non-integer? */
+ q -= 1; /* correct result for different rounding */
+ return q;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Integer modulus; return 'm % n'. (Assume that C '%' with
+** negative operands follows C99 behavior. See previous comment
+** about luaV_idiv.)
+*/
+lua_Integer luaV_mod (lua_State *L, lua_Integer m, lua_Integer n) {
+ if (l_unlikely(l_castS2U(n) + 1u <= 1u)) { /* special cases: -1 or 0 */
+ if (n == 0)
+ luaG_runerror(L, "attempt to perform 'n%%0'");
+ return 0; /* m % -1 == 0; avoid overflow with 0x80000...%-1 */
+ }
+ else {
+ lua_Integer r = m % n;
+ if (r != 0 && (r ^ n) < 0) /* 'm/n' would be non-integer negative? */
+ r += n; /* correct result for different rounding */
+ return r;
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** Float modulus
+*/
+lua_Number luaV_modf (lua_State *L, lua_Number m, lua_Number n) {
+ lua_Number r;
+ luai_nummod(L, m, n, r);
+ return r;
+}
+
+
+/* number of bits in an integer */
+#define NBITS cast_int(sizeof(lua_Integer) * CHAR_BIT)
+
+
+/*
+** Shift left operation. (Shift right just negates 'y'.)
+*/
+lua_Integer luaV_shiftl (lua_Integer x, lua_Integer y) {
+ if (y < 0) { /* shift right? */
+ if (y <= -NBITS) return 0;
+ else return intop(>>, x, -y);
+ }
+ else { /* shift left */
+ if (y >= NBITS) return 0;
+ else return intop(<<, x, y);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** create a new Lua closure, push it in the stack, and initialize
+** its upvalues.
+*/
+static void pushclosure (lua_State *L, Proto *p, UpVal **encup, StkId base,
+ StkId ra) {
+ int nup = p->sizeupvalues;
+ Upvaldesc *uv = p->upvalues;
+ int i;
+ LClosure *ncl = luaF_newLclosure(L, nup);
+ ncl->p = p;
+ setclLvalue2s(L, ra, ncl); /* anchor new closure in stack */
+ for (i = 0; i < nup; i++) { /* fill in its upvalues */
+ if (uv[i].instack) /* upvalue refers to local variable? */
+ ncl->upvals[i] = luaF_findupval(L, base + uv[i].idx);
+ else /* get upvalue from enclosing function */
+ ncl->upvals[i] = encup[uv[i].idx];
+ luaC_objbarrier(L, ncl, ncl->upvals[i]);
+ }
+}
+
+
+/*
+** finish execution of an opcode interrupted by a yield
+*/
+void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L) {
+ CallInfo *ci = L->ci;
+ StkId base = ci->func.p + 1;
+ Instruction inst = *(ci->u.l.savedpc - 1); /* interrupted instruction */
+ OpCode op = GET_OPCODE(inst);
+ switch (op) { /* finish its execution */
+ case OP_MMBIN: case OP_MMBINI: case OP_MMBINK: {
+ setobjs2s(L, base + GETARG_A(*(ci->u.l.savedpc - 2)), --L->top.p);
+ break;
+ }
+ case OP_UNM: case OP_BNOT: case OP_LEN:
+ case OP_GETTABUP: case OP_GETTABLE: case OP_GETI:
+ case OP_GETFIELD: case OP_SELF: {
+ setobjs2s(L, base + GETARG_A(inst), --L->top.p);
+ break;
+ }
+ case OP_LT: case OP_LE:
+ case OP_LTI: case OP_LEI:
+ case OP_GTI: case OP_GEI:
+ case OP_EQ: { /* note that 'OP_EQI'/'OP_EQK' cannot yield */
+ int res = !l_isfalse(s2v(L->top.p - 1));
+ L->top.p--;
+#if defined(LUA_COMPAT_LT_LE)
+ if (ci->callstatus & CIST_LEQ) { /* "<=" using "<" instead? */
+ ci->callstatus ^= CIST_LEQ; /* clear mark */
+ res = !res; /* negate result */
+ }
+#endif
+ lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(*ci->u.l.savedpc) == OP_JMP);
+ if (res != GETARG_k(inst)) /* condition failed? */
+ ci->u.l.savedpc++; /* skip jump instruction */
+ break;
+ }
+ case OP_CONCAT: {
+ StkId top = L->top.p - 1; /* top when 'luaT_tryconcatTM' was called */
+ int a = GETARG_A(inst); /* first element to concatenate */
+ int total = cast_int(top - 1 - (base + a)); /* yet to concatenate */
+ setobjs2s(L, top - 2, top); /* put TM result in proper position */
+ L->top.p = top - 1; /* top is one after last element (at top-2) */
+ luaV_concat(L, total); /* concat them (may yield again) */
+ break;
+ }
+ case OP_CLOSE: { /* yielded closing variables */
+ ci->u.l.savedpc--; /* repeat instruction to close other vars. */
+ break;
+ }
+ case OP_RETURN: { /* yielded closing variables */
+ StkId ra = base + GETARG_A(inst);
+ /* adjust top to signal correct number of returns, in case the
+ return is "up to top" ('isIT') */
+ L->top.p = ra + ci->u2.nres;
+ /* repeat instruction to close other vars. and complete the return */
+ ci->u.l.savedpc--;
+ break;
+ }
+ default: {
+ /* only these other opcodes can yield */
+ lua_assert(op == OP_TFORCALL || op == OP_CALL ||
+ op == OP_TAILCALL || op == OP_SETTABUP || op == OP_SETTABLE ||
+ op == OP_SETI || op == OP_SETFIELD);
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Macros for arithmetic/bitwise/comparison opcodes in 'luaV_execute'
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+#define l_addi(L,a,b) intop(+, a, b)
+#define l_subi(L,a,b) intop(-, a, b)
+#define l_muli(L,a,b) intop(*, a, b)
+#define l_band(a,b) intop(&, a, b)
+#define l_bor(a,b) intop(|, a, b)
+#define l_bxor(a,b) intop(^, a, b)
+
+#define l_lti(a,b) (a < b)
+#define l_lei(a,b) (a <= b)
+#define l_gti(a,b) (a > b)
+#define l_gei(a,b) (a >= b)
+
+
+/*
+** Arithmetic operations with immediate operands. 'iop' is the integer
+** operation, 'fop' is the float operation.
+*/
+#define op_arithI(L,iop,fop) { \
+ StkId ra = RA(i); \
+ TValue *v1 = vRB(i); \
+ int imm = GETARG_sC(i); \
+ if (ttisinteger(v1)) { \
+ lua_Integer iv1 = ivalue(v1); \
+ pc++; setivalue(s2v(ra), iop(L, iv1, imm)); \
+ } \
+ else if (ttisfloat(v1)) { \
+ lua_Number nb = fltvalue(v1); \
+ lua_Number fimm = cast_num(imm); \
+ pc++; setfltvalue(s2v(ra), fop(L, nb, fimm)); \
+ }}
+
+
+/*
+** Auxiliary function for arithmetic operations over floats and others
+** with two register operands.
+*/
+#define op_arithf_aux(L,v1,v2,fop) { \
+ lua_Number n1; lua_Number n2; \
+ if (tonumberns(v1, n1) && tonumberns(v2, n2)) { \
+ pc++; setfltvalue(s2v(ra), fop(L, n1, n2)); \
+ }}
+
+
+/*
+** Arithmetic operations over floats and others with register operands.
+*/
+#define op_arithf(L,fop) { \
+ StkId ra = RA(i); \
+ TValue *v1 = vRB(i); \
+ TValue *v2 = vRC(i); \
+ op_arithf_aux(L, v1, v2, fop); }
+
+
+/*
+** Arithmetic operations with K operands for floats.
+*/
+#define op_arithfK(L,fop) { \
+ StkId ra = RA(i); \
+ TValue *v1 = vRB(i); \
+ TValue *v2 = KC(i); lua_assert(ttisnumber(v2)); \
+ op_arithf_aux(L, v1, v2, fop); }
+
+
+/*
+** Arithmetic operations over integers and floats.
+*/
+#define op_arith_aux(L,v1,v2,iop,fop) { \
+ StkId ra = RA(i); \
+ if (ttisinteger(v1) && ttisinteger(v2)) { \
+ lua_Integer i1 = ivalue(v1); lua_Integer i2 = ivalue(v2); \
+ pc++; setivalue(s2v(ra), iop(L, i1, i2)); \
+ } \
+ else op_arithf_aux(L, v1, v2, fop); }
+
+
+/*
+** Arithmetic operations with register operands.
+*/
+#define op_arith(L,iop,fop) { \
+ TValue *v1 = vRB(i); \
+ TValue *v2 = vRC(i); \
+ op_arith_aux(L, v1, v2, iop, fop); }
+
+
+/*
+** Arithmetic operations with K operands.
+*/
+#define op_arithK(L,iop,fop) { \
+ TValue *v1 = vRB(i); \
+ TValue *v2 = KC(i); lua_assert(ttisnumber(v2)); \
+ op_arith_aux(L, v1, v2, iop, fop); }
+
+
+/*
+** Bitwise operations with constant operand.
+*/
+#define op_bitwiseK(L,op) { \
+ StkId ra = RA(i); \
+ TValue *v1 = vRB(i); \
+ TValue *v2 = KC(i); \
+ lua_Integer i1; \
+ lua_Integer i2 = ivalue(v2); \
+ if (tointegerns(v1, &i1)) { \
+ pc++; setivalue(s2v(ra), op(i1, i2)); \
+ }}
+
+
+/*
+** Bitwise operations with register operands.
+*/
+#define op_bitwise(L,op) { \
+ StkId ra = RA(i); \
+ TValue *v1 = vRB(i); \
+ TValue *v2 = vRC(i); \
+ lua_Integer i1; lua_Integer i2; \
+ if (tointegerns(v1, &i1) && tointegerns(v2, &i2)) { \
+ pc++; setivalue(s2v(ra), op(i1, i2)); \
+ }}
+
+
+/*
+** Order operations with register operands. 'opn' actually works
+** for all numbers, but the fast track improves performance for
+** integers.
+*/
+#define op_order(L,opi,opn,other) { \
+ StkId ra = RA(i); \
+ int cond; \
+ TValue *rb = vRB(i); \
+ if (ttisinteger(s2v(ra)) && ttisinteger(rb)) { \
+ lua_Integer ia = ivalue(s2v(ra)); \
+ lua_Integer ib = ivalue(rb); \
+ cond = opi(ia, ib); \
+ } \
+ else if (ttisnumber(s2v(ra)) && ttisnumber(rb)) \
+ cond = opn(s2v(ra), rb); \
+ else \
+ Protect(cond = other(L, s2v(ra), rb)); \
+ docondjump(); }
+
+
+/*
+** Order operations with immediate operand. (Immediate operand is
+** always small enough to have an exact representation as a float.)
+*/
+#define op_orderI(L,opi,opf,inv,tm) { \
+ StkId ra = RA(i); \
+ int cond; \
+ int im = GETARG_sB(i); \
+ if (ttisinteger(s2v(ra))) \
+ cond = opi(ivalue(s2v(ra)), im); \
+ else if (ttisfloat(s2v(ra))) { \
+ lua_Number fa = fltvalue(s2v(ra)); \
+ lua_Number fim = cast_num(im); \
+ cond = opf(fa, fim); \
+ } \
+ else { \
+ int isf = GETARG_C(i); \
+ Protect(cond = luaT_callorderiTM(L, s2v(ra), im, inv, isf, tm)); \
+ } \
+ docondjump(); }
+
+/* }================================================================== */
+
+
+/*
+** {==================================================================
+** Function 'luaV_execute': main interpreter loop
+** ===================================================================
+*/
+
+/*
+** some macros for common tasks in 'luaV_execute'
+*/
+
+
+#define RA(i) (base+GETARG_A(i))
+#define RB(i) (base+GETARG_B(i))
+#define vRB(i) s2v(RB(i))
+#define KB(i) (k+GETARG_B(i))
+#define RC(i) (base+GETARG_C(i))
+#define vRC(i) s2v(RC(i))
+#define KC(i) (k+GETARG_C(i))
+#define RKC(i) ((TESTARG_k(i)) ? k + GETARG_C(i) : s2v(base + GETARG_C(i)))
+
+
+
+#define updatetrap(ci) (trap = ci->u.l.trap)
+
+#define updatebase(ci) (base = ci->func.p + 1)
+
+
+#define updatestack(ci) \
+ { if (l_unlikely(trap)) { updatebase(ci); ra = RA(i); } }
+
+
+/*
+** Execute a jump instruction. The 'updatetrap' allows signals to stop
+** tight loops. (Without it, the local copy of 'trap' could never change.)
+*/
+#define dojump(ci,i,e) { pc += GETARG_sJ(i) + e; updatetrap(ci); }
+
+
+/* for test instructions, execute the jump instruction that follows it */
+#define donextjump(ci) { Instruction ni = *pc; dojump(ci, ni, 1); }
+
+/*
+** do a conditional jump: skip next instruction if 'cond' is not what
+** was expected (parameter 'k'), else do next instruction, which must
+** be a jump.
+*/
+#define docondjump() if (cond != GETARG_k(i)) pc++; else donextjump(ci);
+
+
+/*
+** Correct global 'pc'.
+*/
+#define savepc(L) (ci->u.l.savedpc = pc)
+
+
+/*
+** Whenever code can raise errors, the global 'pc' and the global
+** 'top' must be correct to report occasional errors.
+*/
+#define savestate(L,ci) (savepc(L), L->top.p = ci->top.p)
+
+
+/*
+** Protect code that, in general, can raise errors, reallocate the
+** stack, and change the hooks.
+*/
+#define Protect(exp) (savestate(L,ci), (exp), updatetrap(ci))
+
+/* special version that does not change the top */
+#define ProtectNT(exp) (savepc(L), (exp), updatetrap(ci))
+
+/*
+** Protect code that can only raise errors. (That is, it cannot change
+** the stack or hooks.)
+*/
+#define halfProtect(exp) (savestate(L,ci), (exp))
+
+/* 'c' is the limit of live values in the stack */
+#define checkGC(L,c) \
+ { luaC_condGC(L, (savepc(L), L->top.p = (c)), \
+ updatetrap(ci)); \
+ luai_threadyield(L); }
+
+
+/* fetch an instruction and prepare its execution */
+#define vmfetch() { \
+ if (l_unlikely(trap)) { /* stack reallocation or hooks? */ \
+ trap = luaG_traceexec(L, pc); /* handle hooks */ \
+ updatebase(ci); /* correct stack */ \
+ } \
+ i = *(pc++); \
+}
+
+#define vmdispatch(o) switch(o)
+#define vmcase(l) case l:
+#define vmbreak break
+
+
+void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci) {
+ LClosure *cl;
+ TValue *k;
+ StkId base;
+ const Instruction *pc;
+ int trap;
+#if LUA_USE_JUMPTABLE
+#include "ljumptab.h"
+#endif
+ startfunc:
+ trap = L->hookmask;
+ returning: /* trap already set */
+ cl = clLvalue(s2v(ci->func.p));
+ k = cl->p->k;
+ pc = ci->u.l.savedpc;
+ if (l_unlikely(trap)) {
+ if (pc == cl->p->code) { /* first instruction (not resuming)? */
+ if (cl->p->is_vararg)
+ trap = 0; /* hooks will start after VARARGPREP instruction */
+ else /* check 'call' hook */
+ luaD_hookcall(L, ci);
+ }
+ ci->u.l.trap = 1; /* assume trap is on, for now */
+ }
+ base = ci->func.p + 1;
+ /* main loop of interpreter */
+ for (;;) {
+ Instruction i; /* instruction being executed */
+ vmfetch();
+ #if 0
+ /* low-level line tracing for debugging Lua */
+ printf("line: %d\n", luaG_getfuncline(cl->p, pcRel(pc, cl->p)));
+ #endif
+ lua_assert(base == ci->func.p + 1);
+ lua_assert(base <= L->top.p && L->top.p <= L->stack_last.p);
+ /* invalidate top for instructions not expecting it */
+ lua_assert(isIT(i) || (cast_void(L->top.p = base), 1));
+ vmdispatch (GET_OPCODE(i)) {
+ vmcase(OP_MOVE) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ setobjs2s(L, ra, RB(i));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_LOADI) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ lua_Integer b = GETARG_sBx(i);
+ setivalue(s2v(ra), b);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_LOADF) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ int b = GETARG_sBx(i);
+ setfltvalue(s2v(ra), cast_num(b));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_LOADK) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ TValue *rb = k + GETARG_Bx(i);
+ setobj2s(L, ra, rb);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_LOADKX) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ TValue *rb;
+ rb = k + GETARG_Ax(*pc); pc++;
+ setobj2s(L, ra, rb);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_LOADFALSE) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ setbfvalue(s2v(ra));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_LFALSESKIP) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ setbfvalue(s2v(ra));
+ pc++; /* skip next instruction */
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_LOADTRUE) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ setbtvalue(s2v(ra));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_LOADNIL) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ int b = GETARG_B(i);
+ do {
+ setnilvalue(s2v(ra++));
+ } while (b--);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_GETUPVAL) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ int b = GETARG_B(i);
+ setobj2s(L, ra, cl->upvals[b]->v.p);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_SETUPVAL) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ UpVal *uv = cl->upvals[GETARG_B(i)];
+ setobj(L, uv->v.p, s2v(ra));
+ luaC_barrier(L, uv, s2v(ra));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_GETTABUP) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ const TValue *slot;
+ TValue *upval = cl->upvals[GETARG_B(i)]->v.p;
+ TValue *rc = KC(i);
+ TString *key = tsvalue(rc); /* key must be a string */
+ if (luaV_fastget(L, upval, key, slot, luaH_getshortstr)) {
+ setobj2s(L, ra, slot);
+ }
+ else
+ Protect(luaV_finishget(L, upval, rc, ra, slot));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_GETTABLE) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ const TValue *slot;
+ TValue *rb = vRB(i);
+ TValue *rc = vRC(i);
+ lua_Unsigned n;
+ if (ttisinteger(rc) /* fast track for integers? */
+ ? (cast_void(n = ivalue(rc)), luaV_fastgeti(L, rb, n, slot))
+ : luaV_fastget(L, rb, rc, slot, luaH_get)) {
+ setobj2s(L, ra, slot);
+ }
+ else
+ Protect(luaV_finishget(L, rb, rc, ra, slot));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_GETI) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ const TValue *slot;
+ TValue *rb = vRB(i);
+ int c = GETARG_C(i);
+ if (luaV_fastgeti(L, rb, c, slot)) {
+ setobj2s(L, ra, slot);
+ }
+ else {
+ TValue key;
+ setivalue(&key, c);
+ Protect(luaV_finishget(L, rb, &key, ra, slot));
+ }
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_GETFIELD) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ const TValue *slot;
+ TValue *rb = vRB(i);
+ TValue *rc = KC(i);
+ TString *key = tsvalue(rc); /* key must be a string */
+ if (luaV_fastget(L, rb, key, slot, luaH_getshortstr)) {
+ setobj2s(L, ra, slot);
+ }
+ else
+ Protect(luaV_finishget(L, rb, rc, ra, slot));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_SETTABUP) {
+ const TValue *slot;
+ TValue *upval = cl->upvals[GETARG_A(i)]->v.p;
+ TValue *rb = KB(i);
+ TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+ TString *key = tsvalue(rb); /* key must be a string */
+ if (luaV_fastget(L, upval, key, slot, luaH_getshortstr)) {
+ luaV_finishfastset(L, upval, slot, rc);
+ }
+ else
+ Protect(luaV_finishset(L, upval, rb, rc, slot));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_SETTABLE) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ const TValue *slot;
+ TValue *rb = vRB(i); /* key (table is in 'ra') */
+ TValue *rc = RKC(i); /* value */
+ lua_Unsigned n;
+ if (ttisinteger(rb) /* fast track for integers? */
+ ? (cast_void(n = ivalue(rb)), luaV_fastgeti(L, s2v(ra), n, slot))
+ : luaV_fastget(L, s2v(ra), rb, slot, luaH_get)) {
+ luaV_finishfastset(L, s2v(ra), slot, rc);
+ }
+ else
+ Protect(luaV_finishset(L, s2v(ra), rb, rc, slot));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_SETI) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ const TValue *slot;
+ int c = GETARG_B(i);
+ TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+ if (luaV_fastgeti(L, s2v(ra), c, slot)) {
+ luaV_finishfastset(L, s2v(ra), slot, rc);
+ }
+ else {
+ TValue key;
+ setivalue(&key, c);
+ Protect(luaV_finishset(L, s2v(ra), &key, rc, slot));
+ }
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_SETFIELD) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ const TValue *slot;
+ TValue *rb = KB(i);
+ TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+ TString *key = tsvalue(rb); /* key must be a string */
+ if (luaV_fastget(L, s2v(ra), key, slot, luaH_getshortstr)) {
+ luaV_finishfastset(L, s2v(ra), slot, rc);
+ }
+ else
+ Protect(luaV_finishset(L, s2v(ra), rb, rc, slot));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_NEWTABLE) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ int b = GETARG_B(i); /* log2(hash size) + 1 */
+ int c = GETARG_C(i); /* array size */
+ Table *t;
+ if (b > 0)
+ b = 1 << (b - 1); /* size is 2^(b - 1) */
+ lua_assert((!TESTARG_k(i)) == (GETARG_Ax(*pc) == 0));
+ if (TESTARG_k(i)) /* non-zero extra argument? */
+ c += GETARG_Ax(*pc) * (MAXARG_C + 1); /* add it to size */
+ pc++; /* skip extra argument */
+ L->top.p = ra + 1; /* correct top in case of emergency GC */
+ t = luaH_new(L); /* memory allocation */
+ sethvalue2s(L, ra, t);
+ if (b != 0 || c != 0)
+ luaH_resize(L, t, c, b); /* idem */
+ checkGC(L, ra + 1);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_SELF) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ const TValue *slot;
+ TValue *rb = vRB(i);
+ TValue *rc = RKC(i);
+ TString *key = tsvalue(rc); /* key must be a string */
+ setobj2s(L, ra + 1, rb);
+ if (luaV_fastget(L, rb, key, slot, luaH_getstr)) {
+ setobj2s(L, ra, slot);
+ }
+ else
+ Protect(luaV_finishget(L, rb, rc, ra, slot));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_ADDI) {
+ op_arithI(L, l_addi, luai_numadd);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_ADDK) {
+ op_arithK(L, l_addi, luai_numadd);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_SUBK) {
+ op_arithK(L, l_subi, luai_numsub);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_MULK) {
+ op_arithK(L, l_muli, luai_nummul);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_MODK) {
+ savestate(L, ci); /* in case of division by 0 */
+ op_arithK(L, luaV_mod, luaV_modf);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_POWK) {
+ op_arithfK(L, luai_numpow);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_DIVK) {
+ op_arithfK(L, luai_numdiv);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_IDIVK) {
+ savestate(L, ci); /* in case of division by 0 */
+ op_arithK(L, luaV_idiv, luai_numidiv);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_BANDK) {
+ op_bitwiseK(L, l_band);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_BORK) {
+ op_bitwiseK(L, l_bor);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_BXORK) {
+ op_bitwiseK(L, l_bxor);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_SHRI) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ TValue *rb = vRB(i);
+ int ic = GETARG_sC(i);
+ lua_Integer ib;
+ if (tointegerns(rb, &ib)) {
+ pc++; setivalue(s2v(ra), luaV_shiftl(ib, -ic));
+ }
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_SHLI) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ TValue *rb = vRB(i);
+ int ic = GETARG_sC(i);
+ lua_Integer ib;
+ if (tointegerns(rb, &ib)) {
+ pc++; setivalue(s2v(ra), luaV_shiftl(ic, ib));
+ }
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_ADD) {
+ op_arith(L, l_addi, luai_numadd);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_SUB) {
+ op_arith(L, l_subi, luai_numsub);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_MUL) {
+ op_arith(L, l_muli, luai_nummul);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_MOD) {
+ savestate(L, ci); /* in case of division by 0 */
+ op_arith(L, luaV_mod, luaV_modf);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_POW) {
+ op_arithf(L, luai_numpow);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_DIV) { /* float division (always with floats) */
+ op_arithf(L, luai_numdiv);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_IDIV) { /* floor division */
+ savestate(L, ci); /* in case of division by 0 */
+ op_arith(L, luaV_idiv, luai_numidiv);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_BAND) {
+ op_bitwise(L, l_band);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_BOR) {
+ op_bitwise(L, l_bor);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_BXOR) {
+ op_bitwise(L, l_bxor);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_SHR) {
+ op_bitwise(L, luaV_shiftr);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_SHL) {
+ op_bitwise(L, luaV_shiftl);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_MMBIN) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ Instruction pi = *(pc - 2); /* original arith. expression */
+ TValue *rb = vRB(i);
+ TMS tm = (TMS)GETARG_C(i);
+ StkId result = RA(pi);
+ lua_assert(OP_ADD <= GET_OPCODE(pi) && GET_OPCODE(pi) <= OP_SHR);
+ Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, s2v(ra), rb, result, tm));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_MMBINI) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ Instruction pi = *(pc - 2); /* original arith. expression */
+ int imm = GETARG_sB(i);
+ TMS tm = (TMS)GETARG_C(i);
+ int flip = GETARG_k(i);
+ StkId result = RA(pi);
+ Protect(luaT_trybiniTM(L, s2v(ra), imm, flip, result, tm));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_MMBINK) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ Instruction pi = *(pc - 2); /* original arith. expression */
+ TValue *imm = KB(i);
+ TMS tm = (TMS)GETARG_C(i);
+ int flip = GETARG_k(i);
+ StkId result = RA(pi);
+ Protect(luaT_trybinassocTM(L, s2v(ra), imm, flip, result, tm));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_UNM) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ TValue *rb = vRB(i);
+ lua_Number nb;
+ if (ttisinteger(rb)) {
+ lua_Integer ib = ivalue(rb);
+ setivalue(s2v(ra), intop(-, 0, ib));
+ }
+ else if (tonumberns(rb, nb)) {
+ setfltvalue(s2v(ra), luai_numunm(L, nb));
+ }
+ else
+ Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rb, ra, TM_UNM));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_BNOT) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ TValue *rb = vRB(i);
+ lua_Integer ib;
+ if (tointegerns(rb, &ib)) {
+ setivalue(s2v(ra), intop(^, ~l_castS2U(0), ib));
+ }
+ else
+ Protect(luaT_trybinTM(L, rb, rb, ra, TM_BNOT));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_NOT) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ TValue *rb = vRB(i);
+ if (l_isfalse(rb))
+ setbtvalue(s2v(ra));
+ else
+ setbfvalue(s2v(ra));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_LEN) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ Protect(luaV_objlen(L, ra, vRB(i)));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_CONCAT) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ int n = GETARG_B(i); /* number of elements to concatenate */
+ L->top.p = ra + n; /* mark the end of concat operands */
+ ProtectNT(luaV_concat(L, n));
+ checkGC(L, L->top.p); /* 'luaV_concat' ensures correct top */
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_CLOSE) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ Protect(luaF_close(L, ra, LUA_OK, 1));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_TBC) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ /* create new to-be-closed upvalue */
+ halfProtect(luaF_newtbcupval(L, ra));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_JMP) {
+ dojump(ci, i, 0);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_EQ) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ int cond;
+ TValue *rb = vRB(i);
+ Protect(cond = luaV_equalobj(L, s2v(ra), rb));
+ docondjump();
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_LT) {
+ op_order(L, l_lti, LTnum, lessthanothers);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_LE) {
+ op_order(L, l_lei, LEnum, lessequalothers);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_EQK) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ TValue *rb = KB(i);
+ /* basic types do not use '__eq'; we can use raw equality */
+ int cond = luaV_rawequalobj(s2v(ra), rb);
+ docondjump();
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_EQI) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ int cond;
+ int im = GETARG_sB(i);
+ if (ttisinteger(s2v(ra)))
+ cond = (ivalue(s2v(ra)) == im);
+ else if (ttisfloat(s2v(ra)))
+ cond = luai_numeq(fltvalue(s2v(ra)), cast_num(im));
+ else
+ cond = 0; /* other types cannot be equal to a number */
+ docondjump();
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_LTI) {
+ op_orderI(L, l_lti, luai_numlt, 0, TM_LT);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_LEI) {
+ op_orderI(L, l_lei, luai_numle, 0, TM_LE);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_GTI) {
+ op_orderI(L, l_gti, luai_numgt, 1, TM_LT);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_GEI) {
+ op_orderI(L, l_gei, luai_numge, 1, TM_LE);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_TEST) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ int cond = !l_isfalse(s2v(ra));
+ docondjump();
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_TESTSET) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ TValue *rb = vRB(i);
+ if (l_isfalse(rb) == GETARG_k(i))
+ pc++;
+ else {
+ setobj2s(L, ra, rb);
+ donextjump(ci);
+ }
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_CALL) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ CallInfo *newci;
+ int b = GETARG_B(i);
+ int nresults = GETARG_C(i) - 1;
+ if (b != 0) /* fixed number of arguments? */
+ L->top.p = ra + b; /* top signals number of arguments */
+ /* else previous instruction set top */
+ savepc(L); /* in case of errors */
+ if ((newci = luaD_precall(L, ra, nresults)) == NULL)
+ updatetrap(ci); /* C call; nothing else to be done */
+ else { /* Lua call: run function in this same C frame */
+ ci = newci;
+ goto startfunc;
+ }
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_TAILCALL) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ int b = GETARG_B(i); /* number of arguments + 1 (function) */
+ int n; /* number of results when calling a C function */
+ int nparams1 = GETARG_C(i);
+ /* delta is virtual 'func' - real 'func' (vararg functions) */
+ int delta = (nparams1) ? ci->u.l.nextraargs + nparams1 : 0;
+ if (b != 0)
+ L->top.p = ra + b;
+ else /* previous instruction set top */
+ b = cast_int(L->top.p - ra);
+ savepc(ci); /* several calls here can raise errors */
+ if (TESTARG_k(i)) {
+ luaF_closeupval(L, base); /* close upvalues from current call */
+ lua_assert(L->tbclist.p < base); /* no pending tbc variables */
+ lua_assert(base == ci->func.p + 1);
+ }
+ if ((n = luaD_pretailcall(L, ci, ra, b, delta)) < 0) /* Lua function? */
+ goto startfunc; /* execute the callee */
+ else { /* C function? */
+ ci->func.p -= delta; /* restore 'func' (if vararg) */
+ luaD_poscall(L, ci, n); /* finish caller */
+ updatetrap(ci); /* 'luaD_poscall' can change hooks */
+ goto ret; /* caller returns after the tail call */
+ }
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_RETURN) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ int n = GETARG_B(i) - 1; /* number of results */
+ int nparams1 = GETARG_C(i);
+ if (n < 0) /* not fixed? */
+ n = cast_int(L->top.p - ra); /* get what is available */
+ savepc(ci);
+ if (TESTARG_k(i)) { /* may there be open upvalues? */
+ ci->u2.nres = n; /* save number of returns */
+ if (L->top.p < ci->top.p)
+ L->top.p = ci->top.p;
+ luaF_close(L, base, CLOSEKTOP, 1);
+ updatetrap(ci);
+ updatestack(ci);
+ }
+ if (nparams1) /* vararg function? */
+ ci->func.p -= ci->u.l.nextraargs + nparams1;
+ L->top.p = ra + n; /* set call for 'luaD_poscall' */
+ luaD_poscall(L, ci, n);
+ updatetrap(ci); /* 'luaD_poscall' can change hooks */
+ goto ret;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_RETURN0) {
+ if (l_unlikely(L->hookmask)) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ L->top.p = ra;
+ savepc(ci);
+ luaD_poscall(L, ci, 0); /* no hurry... */
+ trap = 1;
+ }
+ else { /* do the 'poscall' here */
+ int nres;
+ L->ci = ci->previous; /* back to caller */
+ L->top.p = base - 1;
+ for (nres = ci->nresults; l_unlikely(nres > 0); nres--)
+ setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p++)); /* all results are nil */
+ }
+ goto ret;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_RETURN1) {
+ if (l_unlikely(L->hookmask)) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ L->top.p = ra + 1;
+ savepc(ci);
+ luaD_poscall(L, ci, 1); /* no hurry... */
+ trap = 1;
+ }
+ else { /* do the 'poscall' here */
+ int nres = ci->nresults;
+ L->ci = ci->previous; /* back to caller */
+ if (nres == 0)
+ L->top.p = base - 1; /* asked for no results */
+ else {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ setobjs2s(L, base - 1, ra); /* at least this result */
+ L->top.p = base;
+ for (; l_unlikely(nres > 1); nres--)
+ setnilvalue(s2v(L->top.p++)); /* complete missing results */
+ }
+ }
+ ret: /* return from a Lua function */
+ if (ci->callstatus & CIST_FRESH)
+ return; /* end this frame */
+ else {
+ ci = ci->previous;
+ goto returning; /* continue running caller in this frame */
+ }
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_FORLOOP) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ if (ttisinteger(s2v(ra + 2))) { /* integer loop? */
+ lua_Unsigned count = l_castS2U(ivalue(s2v(ra + 1)));
+ if (count > 0) { /* still more iterations? */
+ lua_Integer step = ivalue(s2v(ra + 2));
+ lua_Integer idx = ivalue(s2v(ra)); /* internal index */
+ chgivalue(s2v(ra + 1), count - 1); /* update counter */
+ idx = intop(+, idx, step); /* add step to index */
+ chgivalue(s2v(ra), idx); /* update internal index */
+ setivalue(s2v(ra + 3), idx); /* and control variable */
+ pc -= GETARG_Bx(i); /* jump back */
+ }
+ }
+ else if (floatforloop(ra)) /* float loop */
+ pc -= GETARG_Bx(i); /* jump back */
+ updatetrap(ci); /* allows a signal to break the loop */
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_FORPREP) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ savestate(L, ci); /* in case of errors */
+ if (forprep(L, ra))
+ pc += GETARG_Bx(i) + 1; /* skip the loop */
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_TFORPREP) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ /* create to-be-closed upvalue (if needed) */
+ halfProtect(luaF_newtbcupval(L, ra + 3));
+ pc += GETARG_Bx(i);
+ i = *(pc++); /* go to next instruction */
+ lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(i) == OP_TFORCALL && ra == RA(i));
+ goto l_tforcall;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_TFORCALL) {
+ l_tforcall: {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ /* 'ra' has the iterator function, 'ra + 1' has the state,
+ 'ra + 2' has the control variable, and 'ra + 3' has the
+ to-be-closed variable. The call will use the stack after
+ these values (starting at 'ra + 4')
+ */
+ /* push function, state, and control variable */
+ memcpy(ra + 4, ra, 3 * sizeof(*ra));
+ L->top.p = ra + 4 + 3;
+ ProtectNT(luaD_call(L, ra + 4, GETARG_C(i))); /* do the call */
+ updatestack(ci); /* stack may have changed */
+ i = *(pc++); /* go to next instruction */
+ lua_assert(GET_OPCODE(i) == OP_TFORLOOP && ra == RA(i));
+ goto l_tforloop;
+ }}
+ vmcase(OP_TFORLOOP) {
+ l_tforloop: {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ if (!ttisnil(s2v(ra + 4))) { /* continue loop? */
+ setobjs2s(L, ra + 2, ra + 4); /* save control variable */
+ pc -= GETARG_Bx(i); /* jump back */
+ }
+ vmbreak;
+ }}
+ vmcase(OP_SETLIST) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ int n = GETARG_B(i);
+ unsigned int last = GETARG_C(i);
+ Table *h = hvalue(s2v(ra));
+ if (n == 0)
+ n = cast_int(L->top.p - ra) - 1; /* get up to the top */
+ else
+ L->top.p = ci->top.p; /* correct top in case of emergency GC */
+ last += n;
+ if (TESTARG_k(i)) {
+ last += GETARG_Ax(*pc) * (MAXARG_C + 1);
+ pc++;
+ }
+ if (last > luaH_realasize(h)) /* needs more space? */
+ luaH_resizearray(L, h, last); /* preallocate it at once */
+ for (; n > 0; n--) {
+ TValue *val = s2v(ra + n);
+ setobj2t(L, &h->array[last - 1], val);
+ last--;
+ luaC_barrierback(L, obj2gco(h), val);
+ }
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_CLOSURE) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ Proto *p = cl->p->p[GETARG_Bx(i)];
+ halfProtect(pushclosure(L, p, cl->upvals, base, ra));
+ checkGC(L, ra + 1);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_VARARG) {
+ StkId ra = RA(i);
+ int n = GETARG_C(i) - 1; /* required results */
+ Protect(luaT_getvarargs(L, ci, ra, n));
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_VARARGPREP) {
+ ProtectNT(luaT_adjustvarargs(L, GETARG_A(i), ci, cl->p));
+ if (l_unlikely(trap)) { /* previous "Protect" updated trap */
+ luaD_hookcall(L, ci);
+ L->oldpc = 1; /* next opcode will be seen as a "new" line */
+ }
+ updatebase(ci); /* function has new base after adjustment */
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ vmcase(OP_EXTRAARG) {
+ lua_assert(0);
+ vmbreak;
+ }
+ }
+ }
+}
+
+/* }================================================================== */
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lvm.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lvm.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dba1ad2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lvm.h
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lvm.h $
+** Lua virtual machine
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef lvm_h
+#define lvm_h
+
+
+#include "ldo.h"
+#include "lobject.h"
+#include "ltm.h"
+
+
+#if !defined(LUA_NOCVTN2S)
+#define cvt2str(o) ttisnumber(o)
+#else
+#define cvt2str(o) 0 /* no conversion from numbers to strings */
+#endif
+
+
+#if !defined(LUA_NOCVTS2N)
+#define cvt2num(o) ttisstring(o)
+#else
+#define cvt2num(o) 0 /* no conversion from strings to numbers */
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** You can define LUA_FLOORN2I if you want to convert floats to integers
+** by flooring them (instead of raising an error if they are not
+** integral values)
+*/
+#if !defined(LUA_FLOORN2I)
+#define LUA_FLOORN2I F2Ieq
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** Rounding modes for float->integer coercion
+ */
+typedef enum {
+ F2Ieq, /* no rounding; accepts only integral values */
+ F2Ifloor, /* takes the floor of the number */
+ F2Iceil /* takes the ceil of the number */
+} F2Imod;
+
+
+/* convert an object to a float (including string coercion) */
+#define tonumber(o,n) \
+ (ttisfloat(o) ? (*(n) = fltvalue(o), 1) : luaV_tonumber_(o,n))
+
+
+/* convert an object to a float (without string coercion) */
+#define tonumberns(o,n) \
+ (ttisfloat(o) ? ((n) = fltvalue(o), 1) : \
+ (ttisinteger(o) ? ((n) = cast_num(ivalue(o)), 1) : 0))
+
+
+/* convert an object to an integer (including string coercion) */
+#define tointeger(o,i) \
+ (l_likely(ttisinteger(o)) ? (*(i) = ivalue(o), 1) \
+ : luaV_tointeger(o,i,LUA_FLOORN2I))
+
+
+/* convert an object to an integer (without string coercion) */
+#define tointegerns(o,i) \
+ (l_likely(ttisinteger(o)) ? (*(i) = ivalue(o), 1) \
+ : luaV_tointegerns(o,i,LUA_FLOORN2I))
+
+
+#define intop(op,v1,v2) l_castU2S(l_castS2U(v1) op l_castS2U(v2))
+
+#define luaV_rawequalobj(t1,t2) luaV_equalobj(NULL,t1,t2)
+
+
+/*
+** fast track for 'gettable': if 't' is a table and 't[k]' is present,
+** return 1 with 'slot' pointing to 't[k]' (position of final result).
+** Otherwise, return 0 (meaning it will have to check metamethod)
+** with 'slot' pointing to an empty 't[k]' (if 't' is a table) or NULL
+** (otherwise). 'f' is the raw get function to use.
+*/
+#define luaV_fastget(L,t,k,slot,f) \
+ (!ttistable(t) \
+ ? (slot = NULL, 0) /* not a table; 'slot' is NULL and result is 0 */ \
+ : (slot = f(hvalue(t), k), /* else, do raw access */ \
+ !isempty(slot))) /* result not empty? */
+
+
+/*
+** Special case of 'luaV_fastget' for integers, inlining the fast case
+** of 'luaH_getint'.
+*/
+#define luaV_fastgeti(L,t,k,slot) \
+ (!ttistable(t) \
+ ? (slot = NULL, 0) /* not a table; 'slot' is NULL and result is 0 */ \
+ : (slot = (l_castS2U(k) - 1u < hvalue(t)->alimit) \
+ ? &hvalue(t)->array[k - 1] : luaH_getint(hvalue(t), k), \
+ !isempty(slot))) /* result not empty? */
+
+
+/*
+** Finish a fast set operation (when fast get succeeds). In that case,
+** 'slot' points to the place to put the value.
+*/
+#define luaV_finishfastset(L,t,slot,v) \
+ { setobj2t(L, cast(TValue *,slot), v); \
+ luaC_barrierback(L, gcvalue(t), v); }
+
+
+/*
+** Shift right is the same as shift left with a negative 'y'
+*/
+#define luaV_shiftr(x,y) luaV_shiftl(x,intop(-, 0, y))
+
+
+
+LUAI_FUNC int luaV_equalobj (lua_State *L, const TValue *t1, const TValue *t2);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaV_lessthan (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaV_lessequal (lua_State *L, const TValue *l, const TValue *r);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaV_tonumber_ (const TValue *obj, lua_Number *n);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaV_tointeger (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p, F2Imod mode);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaV_tointegerns (const TValue *obj, lua_Integer *p,
+ F2Imod mode);
+LUAI_FUNC int luaV_flttointeger (lua_Number n, lua_Integer *p, F2Imod mode);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaV_finishget (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,
+ StkId val, const TValue *slot);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaV_finishset (lua_State *L, const TValue *t, TValue *key,
+ TValue *val, const TValue *slot);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaV_finishOp (lua_State *L);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaV_execute (lua_State *L, CallInfo *ci);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaV_concat (lua_State *L, int total);
+LUAI_FUNC lua_Integer luaV_idiv (lua_State *L, lua_Integer x, lua_Integer y);
+LUAI_FUNC lua_Integer luaV_mod (lua_State *L, lua_Integer x, lua_Integer y);
+LUAI_FUNC lua_Number luaV_modf (lua_State *L, lua_Number x, lua_Number y);
+LUAI_FUNC lua_Integer luaV_shiftl (lua_Integer x, lua_Integer y);
+LUAI_FUNC void luaV_objlen (lua_State *L, StkId ra, const TValue *rb);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lzio.c b/lua-5.4.5/src/lzio.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd0a02d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lzio.c
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lzio.c $
+** Buffered streams
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+#define lzio_c
+#define LUA_CORE
+
+#include "lprefix.h"
+
+
+#include
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "llimits.h"
+#include "lmem.h"
+#include "lstate.h"
+#include "lzio.h"
+
+
+int luaZ_fill (ZIO *z) {
+ size_t size;
+ lua_State *L = z->L;
+ const char *buff;
+ lua_unlock(L);
+ buff = z->reader(L, z->data, &size);
+ lua_lock(L);
+ if (buff == NULL || size == 0)
+ return EOZ;
+ z->n = size - 1; /* discount char being returned */
+ z->p = buff;
+ return cast_uchar(*(z->p++));
+}
+
+
+void luaZ_init (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, lua_Reader reader, void *data) {
+ z->L = L;
+ z->reader = reader;
+ z->data = data;
+ z->n = 0;
+ z->p = NULL;
+}
+
+
+/* --------------------------------------------------------------- read --- */
+size_t luaZ_read (ZIO *z, void *b, size_t n) {
+ while (n) {
+ size_t m;
+ if (z->n == 0) { /* no bytes in buffer? */
+ if (luaZ_fill(z) == EOZ) /* try to read more */
+ return n; /* no more input; return number of missing bytes */
+ else {
+ z->n++; /* luaZ_fill consumed first byte; put it back */
+ z->p--;
+ }
+ }
+ m = (n <= z->n) ? n : z->n; /* min. between n and z->n */
+ memcpy(b, z->p, m);
+ z->n -= m;
+ z->p += m;
+ b = (char *)b + m;
+ n -= m;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
diff --git a/lua-5.4.5/src/lzio.h b/lua-5.4.5/src/lzio.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..38f397f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lua-5.4.5/src/lzio.h
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+** $Id: lzio.h $
+** Buffered streams
+** See Copyright Notice in lua.h
+*/
+
+
+#ifndef lzio_h
+#define lzio_h
+
+#include "lua.h"
+
+#include "lmem.h"
+
+
+#define EOZ (-1) /* end of stream */
+
+typedef struct Zio ZIO;
+
+#define zgetc(z) (((z)->n--)>0 ? cast_uchar(*(z)->p++) : luaZ_fill(z))
+
+
+typedef struct Mbuffer {
+ char *buffer;
+ size_t n;
+ size_t buffsize;
+} Mbuffer;
+
+#define luaZ_initbuffer(L, buff) ((buff)->buffer = NULL, (buff)->buffsize = 0)
+
+#define luaZ_buffer(buff) ((buff)->buffer)
+#define luaZ_sizebuffer(buff) ((buff)->buffsize)
+#define luaZ_bufflen(buff) ((buff)->n)
+
+#define luaZ_buffremove(buff,i) ((buff)->n -= (i))
+#define luaZ_resetbuffer(buff) ((buff)->n = 0)
+
+
+#define luaZ_resizebuffer(L, buff, size) \
+ ((buff)->buffer = luaM_reallocvchar(L, (buff)->buffer, \
+ (buff)->buffsize, size), \
+ (buff)->buffsize = size)
+
+#define luaZ_freebuffer(L, buff) luaZ_resizebuffer(L, buff, 0)
+
+
+LUAI_FUNC void luaZ_init (lua_State *L, ZIO *z, lua_Reader reader,
+ void *data);
+LUAI_FUNC size_t luaZ_read (ZIO* z, void *b, size_t n); /* read next n bytes */
+
+
+
+/* --------- Private Part ------------------ */
+
+struct Zio {
+ size_t n; /* bytes still unread */
+ const char *p; /* current position in buffer */
+ lua_Reader reader; /* reader function */
+ void *data; /* additional data */
+ lua_State *L; /* Lua state (for reader) */
+};
+
+
+LUAI_FUNC int luaZ_fill (ZIO *z);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/orig_sources/lua-5.4.5.tar.gz b/orig_sources/lua-5.4.5.tar.gz
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f4bf9f4
Binary files /dev/null and b/orig_sources/lua-5.4.5.tar.gz differ
+Lua 5.4 Reference Manual
+![[osi certified]](osi-certified-72x60.png)
+
+Lua is free software distributed under the terms of the
+MIT license
+reproduced below;
+it may be used for any purpose, including commercial purposes,
+at absolutely no cost without having to ask us.
+
+The only requirement is that if you do use Lua,
+then you should give us credit by including the appropriate copyright notice somewhere in your product or its documentation.
+
+For details, see
+this.
+
+